CN103828618A - Method for improving growth and drought-resistant ability of wheat by using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi - Google Patents
Method for improving growth and drought-resistant ability of wheat by using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Download PDFInfo
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- CN103828618A CN103828618A CN201410115596.XA CN201410115596A CN103828618A CN 103828618 A CN103828618 A CN 103828618A CN 201410115596 A CN201410115596 A CN 201410115596A CN 103828618 A CN103828618 A CN 103828618A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving growth and drought-resistant ability of wheat by using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to bring the reciprocal symbiosis relation between AM fungi and host plants under drought stress into play reasonably and efficiently. According to the method, the AM fungi having a close symbiotic relation with the wheat are selectively used, and the symbiotic relation between the AM fungi and the wheat is built in a condition control mode to promote the wheat growth and improve drought adaptability. The AM fungi comprise one of glomus monosporum and acaulospora laevis, the two kinds of AM fungi are respectively propagated in an expanding mode in an expanding propagation matrix by using red clovers, and then two AM fungi inoculants and the wheat are cultured together in a symbiotic culture medium. The effective path for profitable symbiosis of the AM fungi and the host plants in adversity conditions is provided, the infection and symbiosis relation with the host plants of the AM fungi is improved in a man-made mode, and the yield of dry crops is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the application technology of Agro-ecology microorganism, be specifically related to utilize the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi with plant with close symbiotic relation, set up mutualism relation to improve the method for wheat yield and drought-resistant ability by common cultivation.
Background technology
Wheat is one of staple food crop of the mankind, and 70% wheat planting area distributions is in arid and semi-arid area in the world, and arid becomes the greatest factor of its output of restriction.Development irrigation technology can effectively be alleviated arid and threaten, but shortage of fresh water is a global problem; Although transgenic technology can improve the drought resistance of crop to a certain extent, proceed to when anti-drought gene improves crop drought resistance and not necessarily improve output, also there is dispute in this technology in addition, still can not be subject to the whole people and accept; And improvement farming measures, the such as drought resistance tillage method such as conservation tillage, ground covering, can not tackle the problem at its root.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of utilizing and effectively improve the drought-resistant ability of wheat and the method for output, with rationally, bring into play efficiently the mutualistic symbiosis relation of AM fungi and host plant under drought stress.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of method of utilizing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to improve wheat growth and drought-resistant ability, the method is selectively utilized the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that has close symbiotic relation with wheat, and by condition control mode, set up the symbiotic relation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and wheat, wheat growth-promoting, improves drought adaptability.Then further by drought stress, study the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on host's arid adaptibility to response.The method comprises the steps:
The acquisition of A, mycorrhizal fungi Inoculant
AM fungi comprises the one in monospore sacculus mould (Glomus monosporum) or light wall Acaulospora (Acaulospora laevis),
Utilize red clover to expand respectively numerous two kinds of AM fungies in the numerous matrix of expansion, inoculum concentration is calculated as and expands 3% ~ 5% of numerous matrix with weight ratio, finally obtains mycorrhizal fungi Inoculant, and it contains 50 ~ 80 spore/10g dry ground and the inside and outside mycelia of root and infects root segment; Expanding numerous matrix is that after river sand mixes according to the mass ratio of 1:1 with soil, sterilizing is used;
B, co-incubation
Two kinds of arbuscular mycorrhiza mycorrhizal fungi Inoculants are cultivated in symbiotic culture medium matter altogether with wheat respectively, and symbiotic culture medium matter is that after vermiculite and Nutrition Soil mix according to the volume ratio of 1:1, sterilizing is used, and the field capacity of this culture matrix is 39.2%.
Preferably, the sterilizing 4 hours under 160 DEG C of high temperature of the symbiotic culture medium matter in the numerous matrix of expansion and the step B in described steps A.
Preferably, described step B vaccination ways and inoculum concentration are to be laid in below soil layer 5cm according to the mycorrhiza fungi Inoculant of 10g/ basin.
The two strain AM fungies that the present invention uses are purchased from University of West Australia natural agriculture section department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences's earth and Environmental Studies Institute, this two strains bacterium is all preserved in University of West Australia DSMZ, wherein monospore sacculus mould (Glomus monosporum) preserving number is WUM11, and light wall Acaulospora (Acaulospora laevis) preserving number is Sunsex.
The present invention adopts AM fungi and the useful symbiosis technology of plant, provides a kind of new way of taking into account economy and environment ecological benefits for improving dry crop output.Although there is no strict host specificity between AM fungi and plant, different AM fungies have certain Preference to host plant.
The inventive method is based upon on the mutualistic symbiosis relation between wheat and AM fungi, by screening, wheat there is the AM fungi of certain Preference, and utilize rational matrix and cultivation mode acquisition to comprise AM fungal spore, the inoculum of root segment and mycelia, together with being embedded in jointly with wheat, inoculum builds Mycorrhizal good stand, by separate two strain AM fungies from wheat rhizosphere soil, excavate the Preference relation of AM fungi and specific host, the effective way that improves AM fungi and host's useful symbiosis under adverse environmental factor is provided, improve the infect symbiotic relation of AM fungi to host plant by artificial mode, improve dry crop output.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. all there is higher Mycorrhizal Infection Incidence by detecting two kinds of AM fungies under adequate water supply condition, show that two kinds of AM fungies that the present invention selects have higher Preference to wheat;
2. two kinds of AM fungal inoculas, no matter under adequate water supply or severe drought condition, all effective wheat growth-promotings, two kinds of heavy control groups that do not connect AM fungi that are all significantly higher than of mycorrhizal plants plant height, Aboveground Biomass of Young and fringes.Show Inoculation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi energy wheat growth-promoting, contribute to improve the drought adaptability of host plant.Especially under coercing, also can improve low moisture the drought-resistant ability of host plant.
3. under adequate water supply and drought stress condition, the photosynthetic rate of inoculating two kinds mycorrhizal fungi wheat is respectively higher than the control group of considerable moisture processing.Show that AM fungi increases organic accumulation by improving host plant Photosynthetic Rate, thereby improve Aboveground Biomass of Young and output.Under Severe Drought Stress, the content that AM fungi affects leaf abscission acid (ABA) reduces moisture loss, reduces cell membrane damage etc., makes host plant under Extreme drought condition, still keeps certain growth characteristics, promotes ultimate output to form.
4. the present invention adopts the AM fungi Inoculant of Host Dependence to improve the method for drought resistance of wheat, also AM fungal inoculant can be produced for field with the method for seed dressing.
The inventive method successful, simple and practical, environmental protection.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that a kind of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improves Wheat Drought ability.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
Using monospore sacculus mould (Glomus monosporum) as fungal inocula, employing diameter is that the plastic basin of 21cm, high 16cm is as culture vessel.
A, experiment are processed
Taking hexaploid wheat cv. L8275 as host plant.Select full, homogeneous, healthy wheat seed, adopt the clorox sterilization 2min that concentration is 0.1%, then clean up with distilled water.
Taking the mixture of vermiculite and Nutrition Soil (volume ratio of vermiculite and Nutrition Soil is as 1:1) as cultivation matrix (field capacity of this matrix is as 39.2%), wherein vermiculite and Nutrition Soil are bought in market.
Before inoculation, matrix used is carried out to 160 DEG C of hot air sterilization 4h, naturally after cooling, pack in the culture vessel with the sterilizing of pasteurization liquid, when sowing, every basin first fills 3kg sterilization matrix, then the fungal inocula of 10g/ basin is laid in below soil layer 5cm, the inoculum of 10g sterilizing is put in contrast, control group and connect each 12 basins of processing of bacterium embodiment group.Every basin is sowed respectively 14 wheat seeds, and final singling after emerging 1 week, retains 10 strains/basin.Experimental session, adopts natural lighting, in rain shade, carries out.Experimental session waters as required, waters to respectively at after planting 40 days, 60 days every basin and executes 100ml nutrient solution (NH4NO3:5.415 g/L, KH2PO4:2.32 g/L).
Embodiment 2
Experiment processing mode and embodiment 1 operate identical, and difference from Example 1 is to make use light wall Acaulospora (Acaulospora laevis) as mycorrhizal fungi Inoculant.
Effect of inoculation experiment
Gradation of moisture control in experiment and time refer to that the method that utilizing in the time that boot leaf occurs weighs every day waters carries out drought stress, and wherein adequate water supply is field capacity 80%, and arid is treated to 30% of field capacity.
After sampling processing specifically accuses that water finishes, experiment is processed and is divided into two groups, one group of sample analysis symbiotic relation, growth and physiological and biochemical index; Another group is recovered normal water supply, until wheat
Ripe crop.
Control group: when difference from Example 1 is to sow, every basin first fills 3kg sterilization matrix then tiles the fungal inocula of 10g sterilizing (making bacterial classification inactivation) in each basin
Below soil layer 5cm, control group and connect each 12 basins of processing of bacterium embodiment group.
Carry out the effect of potted plant water control method with effective, quantitative research AM fungi raising Drought-resistance in Wheat below:
The method of utilizing weigh every day while appearance for the boot leaf of embodiment 1 and control group to water is carried out drought stress, and wherein adequate water supply is field capacity 80%, and arid is treated to 30% of field capacity, and each processing 6 basins repeat.Control water was tested after two weeks, got respectively 3 basin mensurated gas composition exchange parameters, plant height, leaf area, Aboveground Biomass of Young and blade physicochemical property and Mycorrhizal Infection Incidence according to the arid physiological ecological measurement index of plant.Remain that three of each processing repeat to recover adequate water supply until ripe, measure its fringe weight.
Table 1 shows embodiment 1 and the impact of control group Different treatments on Mycorrhizal Infection Incidence and wheat growth and output formation, result shows, although soil drought significantly reduces monospore sacculus mycorrhiza infection rate, Plant Height in Wheat, Aboveground Biomass of Young and fringe weight; No matter but inoculation monospore sacculus is mould under adequate water supply or drought stress condition, all can improve growth characteristics and the fringe weight of wheat, show that monospore sacculus is mould under adequate water supply and drought stress, all energy wheat growth-promoting, improves ultimate output.Also can say, inoculation monospore sacculus is mould by promoting wheat bulk-growth to improve its system drought-resistant ability, is conducive to output accumulation.
Table 2 has been listed the effect of inoculation of embodiment 2, although light wall Acaulospora does not have the mould height of monospore sacculus to the Mycorrhizal Infection Incidence of wheat, no matter under adequate water supply or drought stress condition, also all can improve Plant Height in Wheat, Aboveground Biomass of Young and fringe weight.Show to inoculate light wall Acaulospora and also can, by promoting wheat bulk-growth to improve its system drought-resistant ability, be conducive to output accumulation.
The impact of the Different treatments that table 3 shows embodiment 1 and control group on wheat physiological and biochemical index: under arid and adequate water supply condition, mould equal Net Photosynthetic Rate and the water use efficiency (Water use efficiency, WUE) that can significantly improve wheat of inoculation monospore sacculus.Simultaneously, inoculation monospore sacculus is mould can also regulate host's blade ABA(ABA content highly to have the plant senesecence of promotion, regulate the functions such as pore behavior), (mda content is higher for malonaldehyde, show that plant suffers the degree of damage by drought larger) and proline (proline is a biochemical indicator of plant stress-resistance, content is lower under normal circumstances) content, thereby improve cell drought resistance and the growth vigor of Wheat Drought while coercing.
The impact of the Different treatments that table 4 shows embodiment 2 and control group on wheat physiological and biochemical index: inoculation light wall Acaulospora, under arid and adequate water supply condition, also all can significantly improve Net Photosynthetic Rate and the WUE of wheat, regulate the content of host's blade ABA, malonaldehyde and proline, cell drought resistance and growth vigor while coercing to improve Wheat Drought.
1, the mould and light wall Acaulospora of monospore sacculus all has Preference to wheat, but monospore sacculus is mould more close with mutualism relation wheat;
2, two kinds of AM fungies provided by the invention all can be improved wheat growth and fringe output under drought stress.By after the commercialization of two kinds of AM fungies, be applied to dry land wheat, be a kind of ecological, environmental protective method that improves wheat yield;
3, under drought stress, Mycorrhizal Symbiosis improves the mechanism of host plant drought resistance: Mycorrhizal Symbiosis is on the one hand by improving the absorption of Plant To Nutrient moisture, thereby Promoting plant growth improves the system drought-resistant ability of plant; Recognizability and the physicochemical property to Drought signal (as ABA) by regulating plant on the other hand, and reduce moisture loss, thus improve the cell drought-resistant ability (referring to Fig. 1) of host plant;
4, method provided by the invention has certain universality, can be applied to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and other microorganism live body microbial inoculums and prevent and treat the soil-borne disease of plant, administers the applications such as heavy metal pollution and soil remediation.
Claims (3)
1. utilize arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to improve a method for wheat growth and drought-resistant ability, it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps:
The acquisition of A, mycorrhizal fungi Inoculant
AM fungi comprises the one in monospore sacculus mould (Glomus monosporum) or light wall Acaulospora (Acaulospora laevis),
Utilize red clover to expand respectively numerous two kinds of AM fungies in the numerous matrix of expansion, inoculum concentration is calculated as and expands 3% ~ 5% of numerous matrix with weight ratio, finally obtains mycorrhizal fungi Inoculant, and it contains 50 ~ 80 spore/10g dry ground and the inside and outside mycelia of root and infects root segment; Expanding numerous matrix is that after river sand mixes according to the mass ratio of 1:1 with soil, sterilizing is used;
B, co-incubation
Two kinds of arbuscular mycorrhiza mycorrhizal fungi Inoculants are cultivated in symbiotic culture medium matter altogether with wheat respectively, and symbiotic culture medium matter is that after vermiculite and Nutrition Soil mix according to the volume ratio of 1:1, sterilizing is used.
2. a kind of method of utilizing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to improve wheat growth and drought-resistant ability according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the sterilizing 4 hours under 160 DEG C of high temperature of the symbiotic culture medium matter in the numerous matrix of expansion and step B in described steps A.
3. a kind of method of utilizing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to improve wheat growth and drought-resistant ability according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described step B vaccination ways and inoculum concentration are to be laid in below soil layer 5cm according to the mycorrhiza fungi Inoculant of 10g/ basin.
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| CN104823739A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-12 | 安徽师范大学 | Drought-resistant blueberry and cultivation method thereof |
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