CN105432398A - Method for increasing survival rate of mulberry trees under stress conditions of water logging and drought - Google Patents
Method for increasing survival rate of mulberry trees under stress conditions of water logging and drought Download PDFInfo
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- CN105432398A CN105432398A CN201510809439.3A CN201510809439A CN105432398A CN 105432398 A CN105432398 A CN 105432398A CN 201510809439 A CN201510809439 A CN 201510809439A CN 105432398 A CN105432398 A CN 105432398A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/10—Mycorrhiza; Mycorrhizal associations
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for increasing the survival rate of mulberry trees under stress conditions of water logging and drought. The method includes the following steps of selecting, disinfecting and washing Yuesang 10 as mulberry seeds, selecting, disinfecting and washing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, preparing river sand, bran and grass carbon according to the ratio of 1:1:2, sterilizing the mixture, using the mixture as a culture medium disinfecting a nutrition pot, filling the nutrition pot with the sterilized culture medium to the 2/3 height position of the nutrition pot, reserving a small hole in the center of the culture medium, sowing 2 mulberry tree seeds subjected to fermentation acceleration in the small hole in the center of the culture medium, covering the seeds with a thin layer of culture medium, completely watering the culture medium with sowing water, conducting conventional culture in a sterile glass greenhouse, inoculating disinfected rose-bengal gigaspora rosea active spores in rhizosphere, in different directions, of mulberry saplings after the mulberry saplings grow for a certain number of days, conducting earthing, adding a nutrient solution, cultivating the mulberry saplings where arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are inoculated, and transplanting and cultivating the mulberry saplings where arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are inoculated.
Description
Technical field
The application belongs to planting technology field, specifically, improves the method for mulberry tree survival rate under relating to a kind of water logging and drought stress conditions.
Background technology
Mulberry (MorusalbaL.) is Moraceae Ficus deciduous tree, a kind of multipurpose high added value economic crops, the field such as be applied to Sericulture, feed, food, health care, green barren hill, control soil erosion, there is stronger drought-resistant resistance to water logging and coerce ability, widely distributed, there is very high social benefit, ecological benefits and economic benefit.Mulberry tree is the rare important plant resources can survived in Three Gorges Reservoir and Southwest China Rocky Desertification Region, can build and the seeds of Rocky Desertification Control as Three Gorges Reservoir ecological protective screen district.
Three Gorges Reservoir, after building up, forms the falling zone that drop reaches 30 meters.Woody plants most except the plant such as mulberry tree, Salix variegata can not survive in Three Gorges Reservoir falling zone, increase the soil erosion and water and soil loss, the geological disasters such as induced landslide, avalanche and debris flow, weaken bio-diversity and hillside fields, two sides ecosystem stability, the safety of serious threat storehouse bank region the people's lives and property and reservoir.Comprise the Southwestern China Rocky Desertification Region in Chongqing, disturb by human activity, surface vegetation wrecks, the soil erosion is serious, exposed bedrock, land deterioration, faces high temperature and drought, soil is barren by interruption, vegetation is rare and the ecological threat such as reversal evolvement, is also the geological ecology disaster that southern china is difficult to effect a radical cure.Therefore, need to rebuild the extreme habitat such as Three Gorges Reservoir falling zone and Rocky Desertification Region agro-ecoeconomic system.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, technical problems to be solved in this application rebuild the extreme habitat such as Three Gorges Reservoir falling zone and Rocky Desertification Region agro-ecoeconomic system.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, improve the method for mulberry tree survival rate under this application provides a kind of water logging and drought stress conditions, comprising the following steps:
Select Guangdong mulberry No. 10 as mulberry seed, and to mulberry seed sterilization and cleaning, and select arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi bacterial classification, and to the sterilization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi bacterial classification and cleaning;
River sand, chaff shell, the peat composed of rotten mosses are pressed the proportional arrangement of 1:1:2, mix, 121 DEG C, 0.15Mpa autoclave sterilization is after 2 hours, cooling, as culture matrix, carries out disinfection to nutritive cube;
By the culture matrix after sterilizing, loading working concentration is in the nutritive cube after 75% alcohol disinfecting, and culture matrix is filled to 2/3 eminence of nutritive cube, and stays a vesicle in the central authorities of culture matrix;
2 mulberry seeds through vernalization are seeded in the vesicle of culture matrix central authorities, cover the thick Thin cell layer matrix of 0.3-0.5cm, irrigate sowing water, and in sterile glass greenhouse cellar culture;
After mulberry sapling grows certain number of days, inoculate 10 mould viable spores of rose-red huge sporangiocyst of having sterilized at the rhizosphere of mulberry sapling different azimuth respectively, after earthing, add 100ml1/4 Gram nutrient solution suddenly;
Cultivate the mulberry sapling after Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, the mulberry sapling after transplanting breeding Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi.
Further, the described step to mulberry seed sterilization and cleaning is specially: with the surface sterilization 5 minute of 10% hydrogen peroxide to mulberry seed, then use rinsed with sterile water 5 mulberry seeds.
Further, described selection arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi bacterial classification, and the step of the sterilization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi bacterial classification and cleaning is comprised: with containing the thimerosal of 5% toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide, 0.04% streptomycin and 2 Tween20, the mould pure spore surface of rose-red huge sorosphere capsule is sterilized 20 minutes, and be kept in sterile water with after rinsed with sterile water 10 times.
Further, described nutritive cube is pottery, and the back cut diameter of nutritive cube is 25cm, diameter of going to the bottom is 15cm, height is 30cm.
Further, the step of the mulberry sapling after described cultivation Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi specifically comprises:
Every basin supplements weekly the nutrient solution of 1/4Hoagland and the 400ml sterile water once containing 100ml;
Conventional cultivation is transferred to, conventional cultivation 3 to 6 months after 30 days.
Further, the mulberry sapling after described transplanting breeding specifically comprises: transplant the mulberry sapling after cultivating to Three Gorges Reservoir falling zone, Chongqing City 172 to 175m elevation and Wulong County, Chongqing City and Karst Rocky Desertification region, Qianjiang District.
Further, the periodicity water logging of described Chongqing City Three Gorges Reservoir falling zone 172 to 175m elevation and arid are 3 to 6 months.
Further, Wulong County, described Chongqing City and Qianjiang District Karst Rocky Desertification regional soil is barren and arid.
Compared with prior art, the application can obtain and comprise following technique effect:
By carrying out popularizations demonstrate accumulative 540 mu of stony desertification ecological region planting mycorhiza mulberry strong sprout of Three Gorges Reservoir, Wulong County and Qianjiang District, improve survival rate 10-40%, mu Sang Zengshou 320 yuan, mu Sang Yangcan take in raising 12.53%, and ecology, economical, societal benefits are remarkable.
Certainly, the arbitrary product implementing the application must not necessarily need to reach above-described all technique effects simultaneously.
Embodiment
Embodiment will be coordinated below to describe the embodiment of the application in detail, by this to the application how application technology means solve technical problem and the implementation procedure reaching technology effect can fully understand and implement according to this.
Because the adaptive plant of Rocky Desertification Region and Three Gorges Reservoir should possess adaptation water deficit, water saturation and superfluous integration capability simultaneously, most plants cannot be survived because not adapting to this environment.Mulberry tree is the rare important plant resources can survived in Three Gorges Reservoir and southwestern Rocky Desertification Region, has higher economy and the ecological value.
With the biological prosthetic function of Mycorrhizal Symbiosis system in degraded ecosystem that arbuscular mycorrhiza mycorrhizal fungi (AM fungi) is leading, physiological ecological function and the main ecological barrier overcome in extreme habitat of mycorhiza mulberry are coupled, therefore, the research and development of mycorhiza mulberry strong seedling cultivation key technology and resistant organisms characteristic research, to improving the plantation survival rate of mulberry tree at Rocky Desertification Region and Three Gorges Reservoir, there is good application potential to the ecological barrier construction in the extreme habitat such as Three Gorges Reservoir and Rocky Desertification Region.
AM fungi has facilitation to the ecological recovery of arid, desert and reconstruction.Mulberry tree is typical in branch mycorrhizal plants, and inoculating from mycorrhizal fungi after 450 days, mulberry tree root AM fungal infection rate reaches 84.25%.In Rocky Desertification Region, mulberry rhizosphere is had clear superiority by the mulberry tree of AM fungal infection, is dominant genera, to Rocky Desertification Region soil type, quality, pH, nutrient, all has adaptability widely, has facilitation to the growth of mulberry tree in stony desertification habitat.Mulberry tree is can the rare woody economic plants of restoration ecosystem in the overboard phase after Three Gorges Reservoir water logging.The mulberry tree survival rate being planted in 170-171 rice district is 7.8%, 172-175 rice mulberry sapling survival rate 87.0%.
A kind of method improving the drought-resistant survival rate of the resistance to water logging of mulberry tree of the present invention, concrete steps are as follows:
When spring, use through 10% hydrogen peroxide surface sterilization 5 minutes, then carry out Genes For Plant Tolerance arid water resistant with Guangdong mulberry No. 10 mulberry seeds of rinsed with sterile water 5 times and flood test.Guangdong mulberry No. 10 mulberry seeds are selected to be owing to proving that its resistance to power of flooding is very strong through test.
Culture matrix effluent sand, chaff shell, the peat composed of rotten mosses press the proportional arrangement of 1:1:2, mix, 121 DEG C, 0.15Mpa autoclave sterilization is after 2 hours, cooling, as culture matrix.
By the culture matrix after sterilizing, loading working concentration is in the nutritive cube after 75% alcohol disinfecting, and culture matrix is filled to 2/3 eminence of nutritive cube, nutritive cube back cut diameter 25cm, the diameter 15cm that goes to the bottom, high 30cm.The sowing of each nutritive cube is through the Mulberry Seeds 2 of vernalization, and the vesicle that sowing is reserved in the central authorities of culture matrix, cover the Thin cell layer matrix that 0.3-0.5cm is thick, hide the sunshade net of 6 pins.
The nutrient solution of 100ml1/4 Gram (Hoagland) and 400ml sterile water suddenly executed weekly by every basin, within one week, irrigate 1 water, after mulberry sapling grows 30 days, transfer cellar culture in sterile glass greenhouse to, the viable spore of 10 mould AM fungies of rose-red huge sporangiocyst is inoculated respectively at the rhizosphere of every young plant, conventionally afterwards to cultivate 3 to 6 months, obtain root system mycorhiza Infection Rate higher than 60% mulberry sapling.The mould pure spore of rose-red huge sorosphere capsule is sterilized 20 minutes to the mould pure spore surface of rose-red huge sorosphere capsule with the thimerosal containing 5% toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide, 0.04% streptomycin and 2 Tween20 (mixture of Tween 20 and the two Span 20 of a part of polyoxyethylene) before use, and is kept in 4 DEG C of sterile waters with after rinsed with sterile water 10 times.
Mycorhiza mulberry is transplanted respectively in the soil of Three Gorges Reservoir falling zone and the barren arid of karst.Test site, Three Gorges Reservoir falling zone is selected at Xin Li village, Yunyang County Long Jiao town, Chongqing City (east longitude 108.90 °, north latitude 30.83 °), the barren arid region test site of Karst Regions In Southwest China is selected to close village's (east longitude 108.76 °, north latitude 29.14 °) at Qianjiang District of Chongqing A Peng Jiang Zhenshi, through contrast, the physiological and biochemical index such as photosynthetic parameters, Mycorrhizal Infection Incidence, root activity, enzyme activity, chlorophyll content of mycorhiza mulberry significantly improves, survival rate improves 120.6% and 54.6% respectively, shows the ability better adapting to periodically water logging and drought stress.
In the application, the international Culture Collection of test inoculation rose-red huge sporangiocyst used mould (GigasporaroseaNicol & Schenck) AM fungal spore purchased from American.After enrichment culture, select active high spore, use after surface sterilization.
The spore sterilization method of concrete employing is as follows: 5% toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide+0.04% streptomycin thimerosal+2 Tween20 soaks spore, with distilled water rinsing 10 times after 20min.Following table 1 is Hoagland nutrient solution prescription.
Table 1
Concrete operation method:
The interpolation of macroelement: add KH in often liter of culture fluid
2pO
4solution 1ml, KNO
3solution 5ml, Ca (NO
3)
2solution 5ml, MgSO
4solution 2ml.
The interpolation of trace element: add H in often liter of culture fluid
3bO
3reagent 2.86g, MnCl
24H
2o reagent 1.81g, ZnSO
47H
2o reagent 0.22g, CuSO
45H
2o reagent 0.08g, H2MoO
4h
2o reagent 0.02g, edta reagent 7.45g, FeSO
47H
2o reagent 5.57g.
Mycorhiza mulberry can significantly improve the survival rate of mulberry sapling strong sprout in arid, the extreme habitat of water logging, add that the mulberry leaf of production are for sericulture, stock keeping fowl, and ramulus mori is for the production of the prolongation of the industrial chains such as edible mushroom, mycorhiza mulberry technology for vigorous seedling cultivation all has significant ecology, economic and social benefit to the restoration of the ecosystem in the extreme habitat of Chongqing City's Three Gorges Reservoir and Rocky Desertification Region, social stability, has a extensive future.
Following table 2 is mulberry tree mycorhiza Infection Rate, survival rate information slip after the mould AM fungi of the rose-red huge sporangiocyst of inoculation.
Table 2
Implementation result 1
Method described in the application of the invention, in June, 2011, Yunyang County silk is done 170 meters of Demonstration Bases in Long Jiao town, Yunyang and is planted mycorhiza mulberry sapling 31 mu, in May, 2015 surveys sample survival rate 99%, other mulberry tree survival rates of more same elevation improve 11%, prove that Inoculation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi mulberry tree is the effective ways improving the ecological mulberry tree survival rate in falling zone.
Implementation result 2
Method described in the application of the invention, Jun Xi limited industrial company of Chongqing City 2011-2013 plants common mulberry sapling and each 50 mu of mycorhiza mulberry sapling every year respectively at Three Gorges Reservoir 171-172 rice elevation, in June, 2014 is added up, Va Mycorrhiza Seedling survives 90,000 strains, common mulberry sapling survives 4.08 ten thousand strains, survival rate significantly improves, sericulture new output value 540,000 yuan.Utilize ramulus mori to produce edible mushroom, the accumulative collection summer cuts down fresh mulberry branch 212.8 tons, produces ramulus mori edible mushroom new output value 43.8 ten thousand yuan, adds up to increase income 97.8 ten thousand yuan.
Implementation result 3
Chongqing City silkworm industry management master station 2011-2014 uses Cultivating techniques of the present invention, demonstration 240 mu is promoted respectively at Long Jiao town, Yunyang Three Gorges Reservoir, the ecological mulberry Demonstration Base of WuLong county magistrate dam town stony desertification, the ecological mulberry Demonstration Base of A Peng river town, Qianjiang stony desertification, sampling check result shows, 180.54 kilograms, the more common mulberry of mycorrhizal ecology mulberry volume increase mulberry leaf per mu, per muly increase income 320 yuan, mu Sang Yangcan takes in raising 12.53%.
Compare with common ecology tree, the maximum characteristic of mulberry tree is exactly its leaf, really, stem, skin, branch all can efficiency utilization, has both had the ecological value and has also had economic worth, and local farmers is ready plantation, and government payes attention to, and deep development has a high potential, and industrial prospect is wide.The mycorhiza mulberry using biological technology of mycorrhiza to obtain is compared with non-Va Mycorrhiza Seedling strong sprout, and significantly the restoration of the ecosystem ability of strengthening mulberry tree, safeguards Ecological Stabilization.Mycorhiza mulberry technology for vigorous seedling cultivation in raising extreme habitat mulberry sapling survival rate, promote to nourish and grow, increase economic efficiency at home and abroad all maintain the leading position in similar technique.
Technical scheme in the application is by carrying out popularizations demonstrate accumulative 540 mu of stony desertification ecological region planting mycorhiza mulberry strong sprout in Three Gorges Reservoir, WuLong and Qianjiang, improve survival rate 10-40%, mu Sang Zengshou 320 yuan, mu Sang Yangcan takes in raising 12.53%, and ecology, economical, societal benefits are remarkable.
Above-mentioned explanation illustrate and describes some preferred embodiments of the application, but as previously mentioned, be to be understood that the application is not limited to the form disclosed by this paper, should not regard the eliminating to other embodiments as, and can be used for other combinations various, amendment and environment, and can in invention contemplated scope described herein, changed by the technology of above-mentioned instruction or association area or knowledge.And the change that those skilled in the art carry out and change do not depart from the spirit and scope of the application, then all should in the protection domain of the application's claims.
Claims (8)
1. improve a method for mulberry tree survival rate under water logging and drought stress conditions, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Select Guangdong mulberry No. 10 as mulberry seed, and to mulberry seed sterilization and cleaning, and select arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi bacterial classification, and to the sterilization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi bacterial classification and cleaning;
River sand, chaff shell, the peat composed of rotten mosses are pressed the proportional arrangement of 1:1:2, mix, 121 DEG C, 0.15Mpa autoclave sterilization is after 2 hours, cooling, as culture matrix, carries out disinfection to nutritive cube;
By the culture matrix after sterilizing, loading working concentration is in the nutritive cube after 75% alcohol disinfecting, and culture matrix is filled to 2/3 eminence of nutritive cube, and stays a vesicle in the central authorities of culture matrix;
2 mulberry seeds through vernalization are seeded in the vesicle of culture matrix central authorities, cover the thick Thin cell layer matrix of 0.3-0.5cm, irrigate sowing water, and in sterile glass greenhouse cellar culture;
After mulberry sapling grows certain number of days, inoculate 10 mould viable spores of rose-red huge sporangiocyst of having sterilized at the rhizosphere of mulberry sapling different azimuth respectively, after earthing, add 100ml1/4 Gram nutrient solution suddenly;
Cultivate the mulberry sapling after Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, the mulberry sapling after transplanting breeding Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described step to mulberry seed sterilization and cleaning is specially: with the surface sterilization 5 minute of 10% hydrogen peroxide to mulberry seed, then use rinsed with sterile water 5 mulberry seeds.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described selection arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi bacterial classification, and the step of the sterilization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi bacterial classification and cleaning is comprised: with containing the thimerosal of 5% toluene-sodium-sulfonchloramide, 0.04% streptomycin and 2 Tween20, the mould pure spore surface of rose-red huge sorosphere capsule is sterilized 20 minutes, and be kept in sterile water with after rinsed with sterile water 10 times.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described nutritive cube is pottery, and the back cut diameter of nutritive cube is 25cm, diameter of going to the bottom is 15cm, height is 30cm.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the step of the mulberry sapling after described cultivation Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi specifically comprises:
Every basin supplements weekly the nutrient solution of 1/4Hoagland and the 400ml sterile water once containing 100ml;
Conventional cultivation is transferred to, conventional cultivation 3 to 6 months after 30 days.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the mulberry sapling after described transplanting breeding specifically comprises: transplant the mulberry sapling after cultivating to Three Gorges Reservoir falling zone, Chongqing City 172 to 175m elevation and Wulong County, Chongqing City and Karst Rocky Desertification region, Qianjiang District.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, periodicity water logging and the arid of described Chongqing City Three Gorges Reservoir falling zone 172 to 175m elevation are 3 to 6 months.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, Wulong County, described Chongqing City and Qianjiang District Karst Rocky Desertification regional soil barren and arid.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN107574126A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-01-12 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Application of the AMF in karst adaptive plant growth-promoting |
| CN108575484A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-09-28 | 黑龙江大学 | A method of infecting cultivation mulberry tree using mycorrhizal fungi |
| CN109729901A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-10 | 云南省林业科学院 | A kind of Anlnus nepalensis mycorrhiza fungi seeding cultivating method |
| CN113636887A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-12 | 西华师范大学 | Nutrient solution and method for increasing amino acid content of mulberry leaves |
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| CN107574126A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-01-12 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Application of the AMF in karst adaptive plant growth-promoting |
| CN108575484A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-09-28 | 黑龙江大学 | A method of infecting cultivation mulberry tree using mycorrhizal fungi |
| CN109729901A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-10 | 云南省林业科学院 | A kind of Anlnus nepalensis mycorrhiza fungi seeding cultivating method |
| CN113636887A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-12 | 西华师范大学 | Nutrient solution and method for increasing amino acid content of mulberry leaves |
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