CN103798189B - The feeding method of a kind of Ranaspinosa David froglet - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for feeding young frogs of spinosa, which utilizes fresh water resources, Tenebrio molitor cultivated with fresh plant feed, and Tenebrio molitor or barley worms cultivated with special compound feed for young frogs as bait to cultivate young frogs of spinosa. Feeding, including the following basic methods and steps: feeding of spiny frog young frogs within 10 days of age; feeding of spiny frog young frogs from 10 days old to 1 month old; The feeding of frogs; the feeding of 3-month-old to 6-month-old spiny-breasted young frogs; the feeding of 6-month-old spiny-breasted young frogs; the application of the invention effectively overcomes the current omnivorous live baits such as earthworms The high cost of cultivation and the number of cultures are difficult to meet the intensive cultivation needs of spiny frog young frogs, and the simple use of perishable and insufficiently nutritious plant feed to cultivate Tenebrio molitor and barley worms is likely to cause slow growth and Practical problems such as frequent occurrence of diseases.

Description

A kind of feeding method of spinosa juvenile frog

technical field

The invention relates to a method for feeding young frogs of spinosa spinosa, which belongs to the technical field of aquaculture in the field of agricultural technology. It is a breeding method that implants special compound feed for young frogs to form nutrient-filled live bait to feed young frogs of spiny-breasted frogs.

Background technique

Rana spinosa David (Ranaspinosa David), commonly known as stone frog, thorn frog, rock chicken, etc., belongs to Amphibians, Anura, Ranaidae, and Rana. It is a unique large-scale edible frog distributed in the hilly and mountainous areas of southern my country. It has the functions of nourishing and strengthening the body, clearing the heart and moistening the lungs, strengthening the liver and stomach, nourishing deficiency, detoxification, and curing malnutrition. It is known as the "king of frogs" and "mountain delicacy". It has always been a favorite of Chinese residents. The famous delicacies and high-end tonics. In recent years, with the continuous deterioration of the habitat habitat and the impact of overfishing by mountain people, the resources of wild spiny frogs in my country have been basically exhausted. Therefore, in terms of effective proliferation and protection, this species has been listed as Vulnerable (VU) in the Red List of Species in China. At the same time as the rare and precious wild resources of the same level, vigorously developing the breeding of spiny-breasted frogs in mountainous areas will undoubtedly have very important practical significance for promoting the income generation of farmers in mountainous areas and satisfying the market's increasing consumer demand for spiny-breasted frogs.

Juvenile frogs are a key stage in the cultivation of spiny-breasted frogs, and the problem of sufficient supply of high-quality live bait has always been the main technical bottleneck that plagues the intensive cultivation of spiny-breasted frogs. On the one hand, many scholars and breeding practitioners in the industry have tried to change the feeding habits of young frogs of spinosa spinosa by domestication, but no breakthrough has been made so far; Although worms can be cultivated in large quantities, they are fed with plant-based feeds such as wheat bran, rice bran, and vegetable leaves that are easily corrupted and not nutritious enough, resulting in slow growth and frequent diseases of the cultured spiny frog young. Experimental observations found that the group that fed omnivorous live baits such as earthworms to raise young frogs of spiny-breasted frogs was obviously better than the group that fed Tenebrio molitor or barley worm in terms of growth rate and immune disease resistance. illustration. Therefore, using the special compound feed for young frogs that is easy to obtain, easy to preserve, comprehensive in nutrition and relatively low in price is used as a nutritional filler to solve the problem of sufficient supply of high-quality live bait in the intensive cultivation of spiny frog young frogs. The cost of live bait cultivation is high and the number of cultures is difficult to meet the intensive breeding needs of spiny frog young frogs, and the simple use of perishable and insufficiently nutritious plant feed to cultivate Tenebrio molitor and barley worms is easy to cause the breeding of spiny frog young frogs. Practical problems such as slow growth and frequent occurrence of diseases are undoubtedly of great practical significance.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the high cost of omnivorous live baits such as earthworms and the difficulty in meeting the intensive cultivation needs of young frogs of spiny-breasted frogs, and the cultivation of Tenebrio molitor and barley worms that are easy to cause corruption For practical problems such as slow growth and frequent occurrence of diseases, the present invention provides a brand-new feeding method for young frogs of spiny-breasted frogs. Tenebrio molitor and barley worms are implanted with special compound feed for young frogs to form nutrient-filled live bait, and then scientifically fed to effectively solve the practical problems of slow growth and frequent diseases of young frogs of spiny-breasted frogs that are currently cultured. The healthy and sustainable development of the breast frog breeding industry plays an important role in promoting.

Technical scheme of the present invention:

A method for feeding young frogs of spinosa, which utilizes fresh water resources, Tenebrio molitor cultivated with fresh plant feed, and Tenebrio molitor or barley worms cultivated with special compound feed for young frogs as bait to cultivate young frogs of spinosa. Feeding, including the following basic methods and steps:

A. Feeding of spiny frog young frogs less than 10 days old: Tenebrio molitor cultivated with fresh plant feed is used as bait, and the length of Tenebrio molitor is required to be controlled within 5 mm. Feed once every 2 days, 5-5 in the afternoon Feed at 7 o'clock, and control the feeding amount of Tenebrio molitor according to 5-7% of the body weight of spiny frog young frogs each time;

B. Feeding of 10-day-old to 1-month-old Rana spinosa young frogs: 7 days as the feeding cycle, feeding Tenebrio molitor cultivated with fresh plant feed for the first 6 days, and feeding the young frogs exclusively on the 7th day Tenebrio molitor cultivated with compound feed requires that the body length of Tenebrio molitor should be 5-10 mm, and the feeding frequency should be 1 time/day, at 5-7 p.m. -7% control the feeding amount of Tenebrio molitor;

C. Feeding of 1-month-old to 3-month-old Rana spinosa young frogs: 4 days as the feeding cycle, feeding with Tenebrio molitor cultivated with fresh plant feed for the first 3 days, and feeding with young frogs exclusively on the 4th day Tenebrio molitor cultivated with compound feed requires that the body length of Tenebrio molitor should be 10-15 mm, and the feeding frequency should be 1 time/day, at 5-7 p.m. -7% control the feeding amount of Tenebrio molitor;

D. Feeding of 3-month-old to 6-month-old Rana spinosa young frogs: 2 days as the feeding cycle, feeding Tenebrio molitor cultivated with fresh plant feed on the 1st day, and feeding the young frogs exclusively on the 2nd day Tenebrio molitor cultivated with compound feed requires that the body length of Tenebrio molitor should be 15-20 mm, and the feeding frequency should be 1 time/day, at 5-7 p.m. -7% control the feeding amount of Tenebrio molitor;

E. Feeding of spiny frog young frogs after 6 months of age: Tenebrio molitor or barley worms cultivated with special compound feed for young frogs. The length of Tenebrio molitor or barley worms is required to be 20-25 mm, and the frequency of feeding For 1 time/day, 5-7 o'clock in the afternoon and throw something to feed, when throwing something and throw something to feed, control the feeding amount of Tenebrio molitor or barley worm according to 5-7% of the body weight of the frog young frog.

Described Tenebrio molitor cultivated with fresh plant feed, before Tenebrio molitor as bait, should control the ingestion time of its fresh plant feed, i.e. 6 hours before Tenebrio molitor as bait, should stop feeding fresh plant feed to Tenebrio molitor , so that Tenebrio molitor can ensure that the body of Tenebrio molitor has discharged the feces before feeding it to young frogs as bait.

The Tenebrio molitor or barley worm cultured with the special compound feed for young frogs should control the ingestion time of the special compound feed for young frogs fed to it before Tenebrio molitor or barley worm is used as bait, that is, Tenebrio molitor or barley worm Within 1 hour before being used as bait, start to feed the young frog special compound feed to Tenebrio molitor or barley worm, so that when feeding Tenebrio molitor or barley worm to young frogs, it can ensure that the young frogs eaten by Tenebrio molitor or barley worm The special compound feed has not yet entered the intestinal tract of Tenebrio molitor or barley worm.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: after adopting the advanced breeding technology of the feeding method of young frogs of spiny-breasted frogs of the present invention, Tenebrio molitors fed with fresh plant-based feed just discharge the feces in the body before feeding the young frogs, It effectively improves the food utilization efficiency of young frogs, especially for young frogs less than 10 days old whose feed intake and digestion ability are not as good as those of tadpoles before metamorphosis; with conventional live bait Tenebrio molitor and barley worm as carriers, Implant young frog compound feed into the body to form nutrient-filled live bait to feed young frogs, and ensure that the special compound feed for young frogs in the body has not entered the intestinal tract before feeding the young frogs, which effectively guarantees the nutritional needs of young frogs. Significantly improved the growth rate and immune disease resistance of young frogs.

The application created by the invention effectively overcomes the high cost of cultivating omnivorous live baits such as earthworms and the difficulty in cultivating the quantity to meet the intensive cultivation needs of spiny-breasted frog young frogs, and the cultivation of yellow powder by simply using plant-based feed that is easy to rot and has insufficient nutrition. Insects and barley worms are easy to cause practical problems such as slow growth and frequent occurrence of diseases in the cultivated spiny frog young frogs, which will undoubtedly play an important supporting role in promoting the healthy and sustainable development of the spiny frog breeding industry.

Detailed ways

1. Site selection: The site requires secluded, cool, no pollution sources around, sufficient water sources and water quality should meet the national GB11607 fishery water quality standards, water quality for aquaculture should meet the national NY5051-2001 pollution-free food freshwater aquaculture water quality requirements, aquaculture environment It should meet the national GB/T18407.4 environmental requirements for the safety, quality and pollution-free aquatic products of agricultural products.

2. Young frog breeding pond: Frog ponds can be built indoors or outdoors. The indoors require ventilation, coolness, and no direct sunlight; a pergola can be set up outdoors, and frog ponds can be built under the pergola. Frog ponds can be built and raised indoors, in the courtyard or in the wild. The frog pond is made of bricks and plastered with cement. The shape of the pond is preferably rectangular. The bottom area of the pond is 4-6 square meters. The height of the pond is 0.8 meters. The bottom of the pond is slightly inclined. cm, water to land ratio 2:1. There are stone caves, food tables, etc. in the pool. The water inlet pipe is installed on the top of the pool, and the bottom part is opened with a drainage hole to completely drain the pool water. There is a water level hole inside to adjust the water level freely. The pond mouth is covered with an escape net to prevent young frogs from absconding and natural enemies. Outdoor frog ponds are hung with shade nets under the pergola to avoid direct sunlight. The breeding production aisle should be greater than 50 cm.

3. Auxiliary facilities for breeding: set up a high-level reservoir, and form a perennial trickle with well water with stable water temperature. Where conditions permit, various temperature or heat preservation equipment can be used, such as greenhouses, hot water pipes, etc., or hot spring water, factory water, etc. The remaining hot water is used to increase the temperature of the pool water. The frog can continue to move and feed without hibernating, so as to accelerate its growth and shorten the breeding cycle. During the breeding period, the temperature is controlled at 22-25°C.

4. Disinfection of breeding ponds: The newly-built frog ponds cannot be used directly. They need to be soaked in water for more than 30 days, and the pulp should be bleached and pulverized with a concentration of 20-50 g/m3. The frog ponds and breeding production aisles should be sprayed for disinfection. After 7-10 days, rinse the frog pond and the breeding and production passageway to put the young frogs in a suitable place.

5. Bait:

(1) Plant feeds such as wheat bran, rice bran, and vegetable leaves are required to be fresh and free of mildew, in line with the national NY5072-2002 safety limit regulations for pollution-free food and fish compound feed.

(2) The special compound feed for juvenile frogs is required to comply with the national NY5072-2002 regulations on the safety limit of compound feed for pollution-free food and fishery, and the special compound feed for young frogs of bullfrogs can be selected.

(3) It is required to separate eggs, pupae, nymphs and adults of Tenebrio molitor and barley worm in time, and raise them separately to meet the palatability of young frogs in different growth stages.

(4) When feeding Tenebrio molitor and barley worm, it is necessary to add high-protein feed such as soybean meal and fish meal and a small amount of multivitamin to increase the yield of Tenebrio molitor and save feed cost.

6. Feeding of young frogs:

When feeding, the live bait should not be directly thrown into the pool water to avoid polluting the water quality, but should be placed on the food table in the pool. The live bait should be fed according to the principles of positioning, timing, quantification, and quality, and should be fed according to the individual size and appetite of the young frogs. , Climate, temperature, quantity and increase or decrease as appropriate, so that it is appropriate and uniform.

(1) Feeding of young frogs less than 10 days old: at this stage, the food intake and digestion of young frogs are lower than those of tadpoles before metamorphosis, and the food intake is very small. Tenebrio molitor cultivated by feeding fresh plant feed should be used as bait , the bait is fed before dark in the evening, usually at 5-7 pm, the size is required to be palatable, and it is fed once every 2 days. The amount of bait depends on the feeding situation of young frogs. It is advisable that the Tenebrio molitor used should control the feeding time of fresh plant feed, that is, stop feeding fresh plant feed generally 6 hours before feeding, so as to ensure that the young frogs have discharged their feces before feeding.

(2) Feeding of 10-day-old to 1-month-old young frogs: At this stage, young frogs begin to enter the normal activity and foraging state, with 7 days as the feeding cycle, and the first 6 days are fed with fresh plant feed for cultivation Tenebrio molitor was used as the bait, and on the seventh day, the Tenebrio molitor cultivated by feeding the special compound feed for young frogs was used as the bait. The bait was fed before dark in the evening, usually at 5-7 pm, and the size was required to be palatable, and the feeding frequency was 1 time/day, the amount of feeding depends on the feeding situation of the young frogs. Generally, it is advisable to keep a little bait left in the pond. The Tenebrio molitors used for feeding in the first 6 days should control the time of feeding fresh plant feed, that is, within the general Stop feeding fresh plant feed 6 hours before feeding, so as to ensure that the feces in the body have been discharged before feeding the young frogs. The Tenebrio molitor fed on the 7th day should control the time when it is fed the special compound feed for young frogs, that is, generally Start feeding the special compound feed for young frogs within 1 hour before feeding, so as to ensure that the special compound feed for young frogs has not entered the intestinal tract before feeding the young frogs.

(3) Feeding of 1-month-old to 3-month-old young frogs: 4 days as the feeding cycle, feeding the Tenebrio molitor cultivated by fresh plant feed for the first 3 days, and feeding the young frogs on the 4th day Tenebrio molitor cultivated with special compound feed is used as bait. The bait is fed in the evening before dark, usually at 5-7 pm. The size is required to be palatable, and the feeding frequency is 1 time/day. It is generally controlled at 5-7% of the young frog's body weight, and it is advisable to keep a slight bait surplus in the pond. Tenebrio molitors used for feeding in the first 3 days should control the time of feeding fresh plant feed, that is, stop feeding fresh plant feed 6 hours before feeding, so as to ensure that it has been excreted before feeding young frogs Feces, Tenebrio molitor fed on the 4th day should control the time to feed the special compound feed for young frogs, that is, generally start feeding the special compound feed for young frogs within 1 hour before feeding, so as to ensure the body of the young frogs before feeding. The special compound feed for young frogs has not yet entered the intestinal tract.

(4) Feeding of 3-month-old to 6-month-old young frogs: 2 days as the feeding cycle, feeding fresh plant-based feeds on the first day Tenebrio molitor as bait, and feeding young frogs on the second day. Tenebrio molitor cultivated by feed is used as bait. The bait is fed in the evening before dark, usually at 5-7 pm. The size is required to be palatable, and the feeding frequency is 1 time/day. It is generally controlled at 5-7% of the body weight of young frogs, and it is advisable to keep a slight bait surplus in the pond. Tenebrio molitors used for feeding on the first day should control the feeding time of fresh plant feed, that is, stop feeding fresh plant feed 6 hours before feeding, so as to ensure that it has been excreted before feeding young frogs Feces, the Tenebrio molitor fed on the second day should control the time to feed the special compound feed for young frogs, that is, generally start feeding the special compound feed for young frogs within 1 hour before feeding, so as to ensure the body of the young frogs before feeding. The special compound feed for young frogs has not yet entered the intestinal tract.

(5) Feeding of young frogs after the age of 6 months: use Tenebrio molitor or barley worms cultivated with special compound feed for young frogs as bait, and feed the bait before dark in the evening, usually at 5-7 pm, the required size It is palatable, and the feeding frequency is 1 time/day. The amount of feeding depends on the feeding situation of young frogs. Generally, it is controlled at 5-7% of the weight of young frogs, and it is advisable to keep a little bait left in the pond. The mealworms or barley worms used should control the feeding time of the special compound feed for young frogs, that is, generally start feeding the special compound feed for young frogs within 1 hour before feeding, so as to ensure the special compound feed for young frogs in the body before feeding the young frogs. The feed has not yet entered the gut.

7. Management of young frogs:

(1) The surroundings of the frog pond should be kept quiet and the light is dim, and light-proof measures should be taken during the day. The water depth of the frog pond is generally 10-15 cm. Chlorine-containing tap water is prohibited, and water temperature and water quality should be changed.

(2) The initial stocking density of young frogs is controlled at 1 ()0-3)0/square meter. With the increase of young frogs, they should be regularly classified and raised in ponds according to the size of young frogs, so as to prevent young ones from being caught. When feeding, it affects its growth and survival rate. Generally, it is sorted once every 40-50 days, and the large-scale spinosa juvenile frogs are picked out. The density of separate breeding is: when the individual weight is less than 50 grams, stock 60/square meter , When the individual weight is 50-100 grams, 40/square meter are stocked, and when the individual weight is greater than 100 grams, 30/square meter are stocked.

(3) For young frogs to hibernate, the water depth is generally kept at 15 cm. Indoor frog ponds are covered with plastic film to keep warm and antifreeze. Outdoor frog ponds can be removed on sunny days to let the sun heat up. Cover at night, except for farms with heating facilities. In addition, generally hibernation does not feed, and when the temperature rises, the young frogs start to move and have feeding requirements. A small amount of bait should be fed to enhance the physique of the young frogs.

(4) Persist in patrolling the pond every day, check whether the various facilities are in good condition, observe the changes in the water quality of the frog pond and the feeding situation of the young frogs, etc.; cover the frog pond with a protective net to prevent the hazards of rats, birds, snakes and other predators; Add filter facilities at the inlet and outlet to prevent the entry of aquatic insects and leeches.

(5) Adhere to the principle of disease prevention and control based on prevention, remove the residual bait on the food table every day, wash the food table, keep the breeding environment clean, and carry out routine disinfection every 10-15 days to inhibit the spread of germs in the water. Minimize mechanical trauma as much as possible. Individuals such as water mold, red legs, and rotten skin should be isolated, treated and controlled in a timely manner, and dead individuals should be removed at any time and subjected to pollution-free treatment such as deep burial.

Claims (3)

1. the feeding method of a Ranaspinosa David froglet, the cultivation that it utilizes freshwater resources and the yellow mealworm cultivated with fresh plant feed and the yellow mealworm cultivated with froglet special compound feed or yellow mealworm and barley worm carry out Ranaspinosa David froglet as bait is fed, and it is characterized in that: comprise following basic skills and step:

The feeding of Ranaspinosa David froglet within A, 10 ages in days: adopt yellow mealworm that fresh plant feed is cultivated as bait, require that yellow mealworm polypide cut to lengthen is within 5 millimeters, within every 2 days, throw something and feed 1 time, afternoon, 5-7 point was thrown something and fed, and controlled yellow mealworm feeding volume when throwing something and feeding by the 5-7% of Ranaspinosa David froglet body weight at every turn;

B, the feeding of 10 age in days to 1 monthly age Ranaspinosa David froglets: with 7 days for the cycle of throwing something and feeding, within first 6 days, throw something and feed with the yellow mealworm of fresh plant feed cultivation, within 7th day, throw something and feed with the yellow mealworm of froglet special compound feed cultivation, require that yellow mealworm polypide length is 5-10 millimeter, the frequency of throwing something and feeding is 1 times/day, afternoon, 5-7 point was thrown something and fed, and controlled yellow mealworm feeding volume when throwing something and feeding by the 5-7% of Ranaspinosa David froglet body weight at every turn;

C, the feeding of 1 monthly age at monthly age to 3 Ranaspinosa David froglet: with 4 days for the cycle of throwing something and feeding, within first 3 days, throw something and feed with the yellow mealworm of fresh plant feed cultivation, within 4th day, throw something and feed with the yellow mealworm of froglet special compound feed cultivation, require that yellow mealworm polypide length is 10-15 millimeter, the frequency of throwing something and feeding is 1 times/day, afternoon, 5-7 point was thrown something and fed, and controlled yellow mealworm feeding volume when throwing something and feeding by the 5-7% of Ranaspinosa David froglet body weight at every turn;

D, the feeding of 3 monthly age at monthly age to 6 Ranaspinosa David froglets: with 2 days for the cycle of throwing something and feeding, within 1st day, throw something and feed with the yellow mealworm of fresh plant feed cultivation, within 2nd day, throw something and feed with the yellow mealworm of froglet special compound feed cultivation, require that yellow mealworm polypide length is 15-20 millimeter, the frequency of throwing something and feeding is 1 times/day, afternoon, 5-7 point was thrown something and fed, and controlled yellow mealworm feeding volume when throwing something and feeding by the 5-7% of Ranaspinosa David froglet body weight at every turn;

E, the feeding of Ranaspinosa David froglet after 6 monthly ages: adopt the yellow mealworm or barley worm of throwing something and feeding and cultivating with froglet special compound feed, require that yellow mealworm or barley worm polypide length are 20-25 millimeter, the frequency of throwing something and feeding is 1 times/day, afternoon, 5-7 point was thrown something and fed, and controlled the feeding volume of yellow mealworm or barley worm when throwing something and feeding by the 5-7% of Ranaspinosa David froglet body weight at every turn.

2. the feeding method of a kind of Ranaspinosa David froglet according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: the yellow mealworm that described fresh plant feed is cultivated; before yellow mealworm is as bait; what should control its fresh plant feed eats the time; i.e. yellow mealworm as bait first 6 hours; should stop to yellow mealworm feeding fresh plant feed, such yellow mealworm as bait feeding to froglet before, emptying ight soil to be guaranteed in bloom polypide.

3. the feeding method of a kind of Ranaspinosa David froglet according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the yellow mealworm that described froglet special compound feed is cultivated or barley worm, before yellow mealworm or barley worm are as bait, what should control the froglet special compound feed of feeding to it eats the time, namely yellow mealworm or barley worm are as in first 1 hour of bait, start to yellow mealworm or barley worm feeding froglet special compound feed, so that when yellow mealworm or barley worm are thrown something and fed to froglet, can guarantee that the froglet special compound feed eaten in yellow mealworm or barley polypide not yet enters in the enteron aisle of yellow mealworm or barley worm.