CN103651096A - Breeding method of radish with purple peel - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method of radish with purple peel. According to the method, a male sterile plant of a 'dahongpao' radish is used as a sterile source, a six-generation selfing line c152b of a 'cuanxinhong' radish is used as a transformation material, and a male sterile line c152a is obtained by six-generation backcross. A 'baiyuchun' radish is used as an original material, and a high-generation selfing line s-4-3-2-5-1-6-3 with stable inheritable characters can be obtained by seven-generation single plant selfing. The male sterile line c152a is used as a female parent, and the high-generation selfing line s-4-3-2-5-1-6-3 of 'baiyuchun' is used as a male parent, so that one-generation hybrid variety, named as 'ziyu', of the radish with the purple peel can be obtained by hybrid of the male parent and the female parent. According to the obtained variety 'ziyu', the upper half part of the surface peel of a radish is light purple, the lower half part of the surface peel of the radish is white and white like the color of meat, the root peel of the radish is smooth, the peel of the radish is thin, the radish meat is relatively crisp, the content of water in the radish is relatively high, the radish has the flavors of a white radish and a red radish, the yield is high, and the radish with the purple peel can be suitable for cultivation in autumn and cultivation overwintering or in early spring in greenhouses in the middle and lower reach areas of Yangtze river.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant variety breeding technology, relate to the breeding method of a kind of purple skin radish.
Background technology
What existing purple skin radish seed selection adopted is conventional breeding method, that is: utilize existing purple skin radish varieties or red skin radish varieties resource as parent, group gas-mixing hybridization, and filial generation, through 5～7 generations of selfing, separation, purification, carries out artificial selection and forms.At present, the domestic relevant report of also not utilizing the white heart radish of red skin and the purple skin radish of Bai Pibai heart radish selection cross.
" clovershrub " radish is the Jiangsu Local kind of promoting for many years, have strong adaptability, quality better, output high, be difficult for the features such as bolting, welcome by vegetable grower and civic.Its feature is: leafage half is upright, plant height 46cm, degree of development 70cm.Approximately 14 leaves, outer leaf green, lobus cardiacus light green color, flower leaf type pinniform decomposite leaf, leaf margin drastic crack, petiole aubergine, semicircle, the long 51cm of maximum leaf, wide 10cm.Fleshy root oval, the blunt point of tail, bassets approximately 1/3, and skin is red, and more smooth, color is vivid, and root trace is little and shallow, skin depth 0.21cm, meat white, transverse diameter 16cm, vertical footpath 8cm～9cm.Single heavy 300g～500g.Meat is crisp, sweeter, micro-peppery, be difficult for the chaff heart, without bitter taste.Approximately 75 days breeding times, bolting not between the whole season of growth and storage period in winter, cold resistance is stronger, compared with viral diseases and downy mildew.Every 667m
2output 2500kg～3500kg.
" punching is red " radish is also a kind of popularization Shandong landrace for many years, and its feature is: floral leaf, and toe is cylindrical, pushes up littlely, and bottom is slightly large.Crust peony.There is a branch of red line at radish middle part.Taste saccharoid is crisp, raw prepared food all can, and can be pickled.Resistance to accumulating, is difficult for the chaff heart.Single heavy 500g～600g, general 667m
2output 2500kg～4000kg.This kind adapts to Yangtze river basin plantation and other area plantations of the whole nation, and plant 5 kinds of 25～September in general July.
The high quality white radish varieties that " white jade spring " radish Shi You Korea S introduces.Be 60 days breeding time.14 of the numbers of blade, leafage half is upright, dark green leaf color, leatherleaf, leaf margin is incised.Resistance to bolting, the chaff heart is late.Root is entirely white, oval tubular, the long 22cm～40cm of root, root footpath 6cm～10cm.Matter is crisp, and taste is sweet, raciness, and commodity is good, storage tolerance.Single heavy 800g～1500g, general 667m
2output 5000kg～12000kg kilogram.Black rot and downy mildew are had to stronger resistance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the above-mentioned deficiency for prior art, the breeding method of a kind of purple skin radish is provided.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A breeding method for purple skin radish, comprising:
Utilize the male sterile plant of existence 0.1%～0.05% in Jiangsu Local radish varieties " clovershrub " as sterile source, utilizing local radish varieties " punching is red " the 6th generation inbred line c152b in Shandong is transformation material, through 6 generations backcross transformation to obtain radish male sterile a set of, that is: male sterile line c152a and male sterility maintainer line c152b; " punching is red " radish the 6th generation inbred line c152b feature: late-maturing, 85 days～95 days vegetative period, floral leaf, leaf look green, hairiness, leafage half is upright, and plant height * strain width is 35cm～41cm * 43cm～60cm, the long 22cm～26cm of fleshy root, root footpath 4cm～6cm, cylindrical shape, red skin plain boiled pork; Resistance to downy mildew, the incidence of disease of downy mildew is 55.3%～71.8%, disease index is 29.7～41.4, best in quality, without bitter taste, is difficult for the chaff heart, storage tolerance, field shows resistance to downy mildew, and plant strain growth gesture is more prosperous; Male sterile line c152a not only keeps the feature of " punching is red " radish the 6th generation inbred line c152b, and sterile rate, sterile degree are 100%;
The first-filial generation radish varieties " white jade spring " that Korea S peasant's seedling Co., Ltd. cultivates of take is starting material, through 7 generation the individual plant selfing height that selects stabilization characteristics of genetics for inbred line s ?4 ?3 ?2 ?5 ?1 ?6 ?3, ripe in this inbred line performance early, 60 days vegetative period, plant type is compact, plant height * strain width is 18cm～24cm * 30cm～41cm, the long 11cm～15cm of fleshy root, root footpath 3cm～4cm, olive shape, white skin plain boiled pork, the chaff heart hardly, bolting evening, peduncle-growing period for rapeseed is 7～April 20 April; Compared with downy mildew resistance, the incidence of disease of downy mildew is 41.7%～53.4%, and disease index is 17.6～22.7; Best in quality, taste is slightly light; Field performance is compared with downy mildew resistance, and plant strain growth gesture is medium;
Take described male sterile line c152a as maternal, with described " white jade spring " high for inbred line s ?4 ?3 ?2 ?5 ?1 ?6 ?3 make male parent, hybridization forms the purple skin radish varieties " Qarnet " of half-blood.
" Qarnet " radish leafage half is upright, and plant type is compacter; Blade is floral leaf, 14～18 of the numbers of blade, dark green leaf color, hairiness, maximum siphonal lobe is long * wide is 23cm～31cm * 10cm～13cm, fleshy root straight tube shape, epidermis first half lilac, Lower Half white, meat white, long 25cm～32cm, transverse diameter 6cm～8cm, reveals the long 11cm～14cm of soil part, single heavy 800g～1000g, root skin is smooth, and skin is thin, and meat is more crisp, moisture is higher, has the local flavor of ternip and carrot concurrently, eats raw, cooks and be all good, in ripe, 80 days～90 days vegetative period, every 667m
2output can reach 5000kg～10000kg.Stronger compared with downy mildew resistance, cold resistance, bolting is slow, is difficult for the chaff heart, and the maturing stage is consistent, and epidermis is bright and clean, and root trace is shallow, and commodity is good.
Beneficial effect:
Adopt the breeding method of a kind of purple skin radish provided by the present invention, improved variety " Qarnet " is the resistance to bolting radish first generation of hybrid of the purple skin plain boiled pork type of the up-to-date seed selection of Nanjing Institute of Vegetable Science, and August～12 are monthly to be sowed.This Different Varieties is consistent, and hybrid rate reaches 100%, field performance neat and consistent; Compared with viral diseases and downy mildew, cold resistance is stronger, and bolting is slow, is difficult for the chaff heart, has the local flavor of ternip and carrot concurrently, and output is high, 5000～10000kg/667m
2; Than general Raphanus sativus var.niger volume increase 30%～120%.The autumn culture of suitable In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River and booth are survived the winter or early spring cultivation, for winter-spring season market has increased vegetables designs and varieties, stable and enriched market supply.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the present invention maintainer c152b breeding line spectrogram
Fig. 2 is embodiment of the present invention male sterile line c152a breeding line spectrogram
Fig. 3 be embodiment of the present invention male parent be s ?4 ?3 ?2 ?5 ?1 ?6 ?3 breeding line spectrograms
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Utilize the male sterile plant of existence 0.1%～0.05% in Jiangsu Local radish varieties " clovershrub " (public in production) as sterile source, utilizing local radish varieties " punching is red " (public in production) the 6th generation inbred line c152b in Shandong is transformation material, c152b breeding line spectrogram as shown in Figure 1, a set of through 6 generations backcross transformation acquisition radish male sterile, that is: male sterile line c152a and male sterility maintainer line c152b, male sterile line c152a breeding line spectrogram as shown in Figure 2.Male sterile line c152a not only keeps the feature of " punching is red " the 6th generation inbred line c152b, and sterile rate, sterile degree are 100%; " punching is red " inbred line c152b, late-maturing, quality better, output are high, 85 days～95 days vegetative period, the red skin plain boiled pork of fleshy root, the long 22cm～26cm of root, root footpath 4cm～6cm, cylindrical shape, best in quality, be difficult for the chaff heart, storage tolerance, field shows resistance to downy mildew, and plant strain growth gesture is more prosperous.
" punching is red " inbred line c152b feature: late-maturing, 85 days～95 days vegetative period, floral leaf, leaf look green, hairiness, and leafage half is upright, plant height * strain width is 35cm～41cm * 43cm～60cm, long 22cm～the 26cm of fleshy root, root footpath 4cm～6cm, single heavy 500g～600g, cylindrical shape, red skin plain boiled pork; Resistance to downy mildew, the incidence of disease of downy mildew is 55.3%～71.8%, disease index is 29.7～41.4; Best in quality, without bitter taste, be difficult for the chaff heart, storage tolerance.Field shows resistance to downy mildew, and plant strain growth gesture is more prosperous.
The feature of male sterile line c152a: in late-maturing, 80 days～90 days vegetative period, the red skin plain boiled pork of fleshy root, floral leaf, leaf look green, hairiness, leafage half is upright, and plant height * strain width is 35cm～39cm * 41cm～58cm, the long 21cm～25cm of fleshy root, root footpath 4cm～5.5cm, single heavy 450g～550g, cylindrical shape, red skin plain boiled pork; Resistance to downy mildew, the incidence of disease of downy mildew is 54.6%～72.3%, disease index is 27.4～40.8; Best in quality, without bitter taste, be difficult for the chaff heart, storage tolerance.Field shows resistance to downy mildew, and plant strain growth gesture is more prosperous.Visible male sterile material c152a not only keeps the feature of " punching is red " radish the 6th generation inbred line c152b, and sterile rate, sterile degree are 100%.
The first-filial generation radish varieties " white jade spring " (public in production) that Korea S peasant's seedling Co., Ltd. cultivates of take is starting material, through 7 generation the individual plant selfing height that selects stabilization characteristics of genetics for inbred line s ?4 ?3 ?2 ?5 ?1 ?6 ?3, breeding line spectrogram as shown in Figure 3, ripe in this inbred line performance early, 60 days vegetative period, plant type is compact, plant height * strain width is 18cm～24cm * 30cm～41cm, long 11cm～the 15cm of fleshy root, root footpath 3cm～4cm, olive shape, white skin plain boiled pork, hardly the chaff heart, bolting is late, and peduncle-growing period for rapeseed is 7～April 20 April; Compared with downy mildew resistance, the incidence of disease of downy mildew is 41.7%～53.4%, and disease index is 17.6～22.7; Best in quality, taste is slightly light.Field performance is compared with downy mildew resistance, and plant strain growth gesture is medium.
Take male sterile line c152a as maternal, " white jade spring " radish inbred line s ?4 ?3 ?2 ?5 ?1 ?6 ?3 be male parent, first-filial generation is hybrid purple skin radish varieties " Qarnet ".
Improved variety " Qarnet " is the resistance to bolting radish first generation of hybrid of the purple skin plain boiled pork type of the up-to-date seed selection of Nanjing Institute of Vegetable Science, and August～12 are monthly to be sowed.This Different Varieties is consistent, and hybrid rate reaches 100%, field performance neat and consistent; Compared with viral diseases and downy mildew, cold resistance is stronger, and bolting is slow, is difficult for the chaff heart, has the local flavor of ternip and carrot concurrently, and output is high, 5000kg/667m
2～10000kg/667m
2; Than general Raphanus sativus var.niger volume increase 30%～120%.The autumn culture of suitable In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River and booth are survived the winter or early spring cultivation, for winter-spring season market has increased vegetables designs and varieties, stable and enriched market supply.
Breediness:
" Qarnet " radish leafage half is upright, and plant type is compacter; Blade is floral leaf, 14～18 of the numbers of blade, dark green leaf color, hairiness, maximum siphonal lobe is long * wide is 23cm～31cm * 10cm～13cm, fleshy root straight tube shape, epidermis first half lilac, Lower Half white, meat white, long 25cm～32cm, transverse diameter 6cm～8cm, reveals the long 11cm～14cm of soil part, single heavy 800g～1000g, root skin is smooth, and skin is thin, and meat is more crisp, moisture is higher, has the local flavor of ternip and carrot concurrently, eats raw, cooks and be all good, in ripe, 80 days～90 days vegetative period, every 667m
2output can reach 5000kg～10000kg.Stronger compared with downy mildew resistance, cold resistance, bolting is slow, is difficult for the chaff heart, and the maturing stage is consistent, and epidermis is bright and clean, and root trace is shallow, and commodity is good.
Main Cultivation Technology main points:
1 date of seeding,, " Qarnet " radish varieties was in In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River, and autumn planting date of seeding is mid or late August, and booth is survived the winter or cultivated date of seeding early spring is September～December.
2 sow wholely select that soil layer is deep, draining well, the mushy water-melon pulp soil of continuous cropping.Soil should be ploughed deeply and sun the earth which has been ploughed up, general 667m
2execute decomposed dung 2500kg, composite fertilizer's (NPK>=25%) 40kg.Fertilizer rotary tillage is ploughed under in soil to the bedding of whole ground.By seeding row spacing 20cm, carry out program request, 2～3 seeds of every bunch planting, every 667m
2the about 300g of sowing quantity, broadcasts the about 0.5cm of rear shallow earthing.The moisturizing of autumn planting sowing bonnet sunshade net is protected and is emerged.Booth is survived the winter or cultivation in early spring should be sowed in booth, broadcasts bonnet sunshade net or mulch film, and need add a cover hut November～December in winter in booth.
3 seedling management autumn plantings after planting, as antecedent soil moisture water vernalization water when sooner or later temperature is low, in order to emerging; Booth is survived the winter or cultivate after planting early spring, and heat and moisture preserving is protected and emerged.After radish tidy seedlings output, carry out in time thinning for the first time, when seedling grows to the thinning 1 time again of 2～3 true leaves, final singling when seedling grows to 5～6 true leaves.After seedling grows to 2～3 true leaves and final singling, in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage, respectively impose 1 time and carry seed manure, every 667m
2impose 0.1% urea+0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution 2000kg.
4 liquid manure and temperature treatment have just revealed when shoulder at fleshy root and have imposed and expand fertilizer, every 667m
2composite fertilizer's (NPK>=25%) 30kg that spreads manuer in holes, fully waters after fertilising, in order to absorption.Autumn planting temperature is suitable, and water and fertilizer management be take and urged as main, short control combination, and alternation of wetting and drying, must guard against broad irrigation, and the rainy day digs trenches to drain the water away in time.Booth survive the winter or early spring cultivation during, temperature is lower, soil water evaporation is slow, take and waters less as principle; If temperature is higher, suitably water.Temperature treatment be take insulation as main, if fine day canopy temperature surpasses 25 ℃, takes off hut, and canopy temperature surpasses 30 ℃ and leaks informaton in booth side, and overcast and rainy snow sky covers tightly booth and the insulation of hut film.
5 diseases and pests controlling Major Pests have striped flea-beetle, aphid, diamond-back moth, cabbage caterpillar and and nocturnal moth class insect.Striped flea-beetle adopts 48% happy this this 60mL/667m
2spray control or 20% good year winter 60mL/667m
2spray control; Aphid sprays control with 3000 times of liquid of Imidacloprid of 10%; Diamond-back moth and cabbage caterpillar spray control with 311 diamond-back moth 600～1000 times of liquid of enemy or 1500 times of liquid of 5% stuck gram of missible oil; Nocturnal moth class insect sprays control with 4000 times of liquid of 20% meter of Full suspending agent, 1500 Bei Yehuo 15% Du Pont's safety hit suspending agents.Disease is mainly virus disease, downy mildew and soft rot.Virus disease sprays control with viral K600 times liquid or viral A500 times liquid; Downy mildew sprays control with 600～800 times of liquid of 72% Du Bangkelu or most 800～1000 times of liquid of 55% frost; Disappear 1000 times of liquid irrigating roots of bacterium spirit or spray control of 4000 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin or 50% for soft rot.
Approximately 80 days～90 days breeding time of 6 timely collectings " Qarnet " radish varieties autumn culture, booth is survived the winter or is cultivated breeding time early spring at 100 days～120 days, 667m
2output 5000kg～10000kg.The listing of will gathering in time after radish grows up to, otherwise can affect quality.
Claims (2)
1. a breeding method for purple skin radish, is characterized in that comprising:
1) utilize Jiangsu Local radish varieties " clovershrub " male sterile plant as sterile source, utilizing local radish varieties " punching is red " the 6th generation inbred line c152b in Shandong is transformation material, through 6 generations backcross transformation to obtain radish male sterile a set of, that is: male sterile line c152a and male sterility maintainer line c152b; " punching is red " radish the 6th generation inbred line c152b feature: late-maturing, 85 days～95 days vegetative period, floral leaf, leaf look green, hairiness, leafage half is upright, and plant height * strain width is 35cm～41cm * 43cm～60cm, the long 22cm～26cm of fleshy root, root footpath 4cm～6cm, cylindrical shape, red skin plain boiled pork; Resistance to downy mildew, the incidence of disease of downy mildew is 55.3%～71.8%, disease index is 29.7～41.4, best in quality, without bitter taste, is difficult for the chaff heart, storage tolerance, field shows resistance to downy mildew, and plant strain growth gesture is more prosperous; Male sterile line c152a not only keeps the feature of " punching is red " radish the 6th generation inbred line c152b, and sterile rate, sterile degree are 100%;
2) take the first-filial generation radish varieties " white jade spring " that Korea S peasant's seedling Co., Ltd. cultivates is starting material, through 7 generation individual plant selfing select stabilization characteristics of genetics height for inbred line s-4-3-2-5-1-6-3, ripe in the performance early of this inbred line, 60 days vegetative period, plant type is compact, plant height * strain width is 18cm～24cm * 30cm～41cm, the long 11cm～15cm of fleshy root, root footpath 3cm～4cm, olive shape, white skin plain boiled pork, the chaff heart hardly, bolting evening, peduncle-growing period for rapeseed is 7～April 20 April; Compared with downy mildew resistance, the incidence of disease of downy mildew is 41.7%～53.4%, and disease index is 17.6～22.7; Best in quality, taste is slightly light.Field performance is compared with downy mildew resistance, and plant strain growth gesture is medium;
3) take described male sterile line c152a as maternal, with described " white jade spring " height, for inbred line s-4-3-2-5-1-6-3, make male parent, hybridization forms the purple skin radish varieties " Qarnet " of half-blood.
2. the breeding method of purple skin radish according to claim 1, is characterized in that " Qarnet " radish leafage half is upright, and plant type is compacter; Blade is floral leaf, 14～18 of the numbers of blade, dark green leaf color, hairiness, maximum siphonal lobe is long * wide is 23cm～31cm * 10cm～13cm, fleshy root straight tube shape, epidermis first half lilac, Lower Half white, meat white, long 25cm～32cm, transverse diameter 6cm～8cm, reveals the long 11cm～14cm of soil part, single heavy 800g～1000g, root skin is smooth, and skin is thin, and meat is more crisp, moisture is higher, has the local flavor of ternip and carrot concurrently, eats raw, cooks and be all good, in ripe, 80 days～90 days vegetative period, every 667m
2output can reach 5000kg～10000kg.Compared with downy mildew resistance, cold resistance is stronger, and bolting is slow, is difficult for the chaff heart, and the maturing stage is consistent, and epidermis is bright and clean, and root trace is shallow, and commodity is good.
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| CN104170723A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-12-03 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of heat-resistant red-skin radish |
| CN104719132A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-06-24 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Seed selection method of springtime bolting-resistant long cylindrical green-shoulder and white-skin radish |
| CN105103905A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-02 | 武汉蔬博农业科技有限公司 | Male parent staged sowing method for summer radish hybrid seed production |
| CN105284592A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2016-02-03 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 | Breeding method for cytoplasmic male sterile line |
| CN105766659A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-07-20 | 王林武 | Organic carrot new variety and breeding method thereof |
| CN108476972A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-09-04 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of selection of red skin red meat fruit radish triple crossing kind |
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| US20090307792A1 (en) * | 2009-07-02 | 2009-12-10 | Nickerson-Zwaan B.V. | Inbred radish line niz-ac2 |
| CN102586244A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-07-18 | 西北农林科技大学 | Radish cytoplasmic male sterility molecular markers and method for assisting selective breeding using same |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104170723A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-12-03 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of heat-resistant red-skin radish |
| CN104719132A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-06-24 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Seed selection method of springtime bolting-resistant long cylindrical green-shoulder and white-skin radish |
| CN104719132B (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2017-11-21 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | A kind of selection of the white skin radish of the oval tubular green grass or young crops shoulder of spring resistance to bolting |
| CN105103905A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-02 | 武汉蔬博农业科技有限公司 | Male parent staged sowing method for summer radish hybrid seed production |
| CN105103905B (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2018-06-29 | 武汉蔬博农业科技有限公司 | A kind of male parent interval sowing method for summer radish hybrid seeding |
| CN105284592A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2016-02-03 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 | Breeding method for cytoplasmic male sterile line |
| CN105284592B (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2017-11-07 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 | A kind of method of Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility system seed selection |
| CN105766659A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-07-20 | 王林武 | Organic carrot new variety and breeding method thereof |
| CN105766659B (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2017-11-24 | 王林武 | A kind of organic carrot new varieties and its selection |
| CN108476972A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-09-04 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of selection of red skin red meat fruit radish triple crossing kind |
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| CN103651096B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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