A kind of cultural method of Ranaspinosa David.
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture field, be specifically related to the cultural method of a kind of Ranaspinosa David..
Background technology
Ranaspinosa David. is the up-and-coming youngster of China's frog culture industry, is the new focus of increasing peasant income, and development is very fast, promise well.Ranaspinosa David. is the wild batrachia that a class is large-scale.Its body pork is many and thin, Fresh & Tender in Texture, nourishing and health preserving, effect of tool anti-cancer.Containing multiple nutritional components such as protein, glucose, aminoacid, ferrum, phosphorus and vitamin in frog meat, fat content is very low, is always the first-class delicacies in south China feast.Its edibility is significantly larger than bull frog, is described as " kings of hundred frogs " by external gourmet.Ranaspinosa David. meat can hyoscine;There is effect of strengthening by means of tonics.Ranaspinosa David. mild in medicine property, sweet in the mouth, enter the heart, liver, lung three warp, have nourishing YIN to lower pathogenic fire, clear away heart-fire and adjust effect of lung, strong Liver and kidney, treatment infantile malnutrition, after being ill weakness, restlessness and thirst etc. are had certain auxiliary curative effect.In recent years, indiscriminately slaughter due to people and use pesticide, polluted water in a large number, causing ecological environment constantly to worsen, cause wild Ranaspinosa David. increasingly to reduce.Greatly developing artificial cultivation, Reasonable Protection is developed, and could meet the demand that people are growing.Chinese patent (application number: 201210579629.7) discloses a kind of Ranaspinosa David. cultural method, including choosing seeds, lay eggs, Tinea Ranae maintenance, froglet and become the frog to raise, wherein froglet and become frog feeding process to include building culturing pool, bait of throwing something and feeding, daily management, regularly preventing epidemic.Building froglet culturing pool and adult frog culture pond to froglet and becomes the frog to distinguish feeding and management;" four is fixed " step is adopted to feed intake, to ensure frog comprehensive nutrition, grow rapidly, to suffer from the disease less;Heat-preserving equipment is set in culturing pool, improve pond water temperature make the frog can not hibernation and continuation activity, ingest, in order to accelerating its growth, Shortening culturing period;Adopting Chinese medicine and disinfectant solution that culturing pool is regularly prevented epidemic, the prevention frog is sick.
Ranaspinosa David. culture efficiency is not only in that the determination of several parameter.Cultivation Ranaspinosa David. problem is complicated, it is necessary to solves technical problem in each cultivating link, could obtain better culture efficiency afterwards.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one and be easy to labor management, cultural method is simple, can cultivate out again the cultural method of the high Ranaspinosa David. of quality.
The cultural method of a kind of Ranaspinosa David., including plant's construction and spawn incubation, Tinea Ranae is raised, the one-tenth frog is raised and overwinter management;Wherein, plant introduces the current having Ranaspinosa David. growth and breeding under natural environment, arranges that pipeline and valve ensure that each pond in plant can continual flowing water;
The spawn incubation stage: select the healthy ripe Ranaspinosa David. kind frog to embrace right, notice that observation is laid eggs, it has been found that after laying eggs, when black occurring in egg membrane, carefully scrape the ovum being attached at the bottom of wall and pond in time with perching knife, put in the hatching apparatus of Ranaspinosa David. ovum;Described hatching apparatus includes 0.3~3m2Plastic tub and hatching frame, the top of described plastic tub is uniformly arranged, around cell body, the aperture leaked for one week, and described hatching frame is made up of less than the gauze of Rana ovum the profile constant aperture that can bubble through the water column;It is additionally included in the pipeline with leaking hole that plastic tub is provided above, keeps leaking, entrance plastic tub of leaking;
Tinea Ranae is raised and the period of metamorphosis stage: become the beginning ten days of Tinea Ranae in hatching, cultivates in the described hatching apparatus taking hatching frame away, cools nursing after pure pouring milk powder;Proceed to Tinea Ranae pond after hatching ten days, the homemade fodder for giant spiny frog tadpole of feeding, described prepared by following methods step: 1) select one or more vegetables of fresh and tender Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, water spinach, Chinese cabbage, asparagus lettuce leaf;2) being placed in pressure cooker by clean for described vegetable, discharge water submergence;3) described vegetable is boiled;4) the described vegetable boiled it is ground into pasty state and get final product, wherein throwing something and feeding for every four times and once add with vegetables quality than for the multivitamin of 1:400~500, cod-liver oil or cod-liver oil powder;Throw something and feed weekly 1~2 time with vegetables quality than the yeast tablet for 1:400~500;
The frog is become to raise the stage: Ranaspinosa David., to becoming the frog stage, is moved in culturing pool by the froglet after metamorphosis completes;Described culturing pool, including fluid-tight cell body, the bottom of cell body is gradient is the inclined-plane of 3~25 °, and inclined-plane is provided with plastic sheeting, and lowest point, inclined-plane is provided with discharge outlet, is provided with pipeline in discharge outlet, and the outlet height of pipeline is adjustable;Described pipeline includes the outlet pipe being contained in discharge outlet and the adjustment pipe being flexibly connected with outlet pipe, and the activity direction regulating pipe is parallel with the wall of cell body;Inclined-plane is provided with the table top higher than the water surface, under table top, is provided for, with inclined-plane surrounding, the stone cave that Ranaspinosa David. is perched;It is implanted with pasture and water in described table top periphery kind;Being provided with the inlet channel leaked on the wall of cell body, the place of leaking of inlet channel is the row's aperture uniformly gathered, and leaks so that there is water whole cell body bottom surface;Adjusting the mouth of a river makes land and water ratio in culturing pool be 2~3:1;
In the overwinter management stage: in culturing pool, keep the unlikely icing of current, control land and water ratio for 3:2.
Becoming the frog to raise the stage, as frog body weight when more than 100g, move into and put pond in a suitable place to breed;The described width 3~4 meters putting pond in a suitable place to breed, is provided with width 50~more than 100cm in pond, length is the flowing water canal of more than 40m, and water channel is added is provided with dark slide or asbestos shingle;Put in a suitable place to breed and pond surroundings wall is provided with water pipe, water pipe has aperture keep current to reach to put the ground environment that pond is moistening in a suitable place to breed;Described pond of putting in a suitable place to breed there also is provided pasture and water and the stone cave perched for Ranaspinosa David.;Put pond sole arrangement in a suitable place to breed and have plastic foil.
Preferably, with top iodine, culturing pool is sterilized week about.Week about with top iodine to putting pond sterilization in a suitable place to breed.
Preferably, in the described spawn incubation stage, plant the frog and select more than build 100g, female-male proportion is 1:1, kind of the frog cultivates one or more that feedstuff is Lumbricus, tenebrio molitor or the Barley pest lived, and feeding amount is every 25 couples of kind frog feeding 250~300g, and the feeding time is after darkness every day in 1 hour;Culturing pool breeding density is every square metre and puts 20~30 in a suitable place to breed, and Chi Lushui is than for 1:2.
Preferably, described Tinea Ranae is raised and the period of metamorphosis stage: become the beginning ten days of Tinea Ranae in hatching, breeding density is 200~250 every square metre, and 6~7 o'clock of every morning and 5~6 o'clock of afternoon feeding respectively pure milk powder appetite are every 500 of 5~10g;The current of rearing in dry lot Tinea Ranae 1 hour during nursing.
Preferably, described Tinea Ranae is raised and the period of metamorphosis stage: cultivating in the Tinea Ranae pond keeping more than depth of water 30cm, breeding density is 150~200 every square metre, keeps current for sufficient water oxygen level in Tinea Ranae pond;6~7 o'clock of every morning and 5~6 o'clock of afternoon distinguish the homemade fodder for giant spiny frog tadpole of feeding;Hatch after ten days until abnormal occur time, feeding amount is every 500 of 1~2g is that every 500 of 10~12g is stepped up to feeding amount;After Tinea Ranae to abnormal generation, until froglet gradually reduces feeding amount to 1~2g after metamorphosis;Supplement the feedstuff that larva is this stage of Lumbricus, tenebrio molitor or the Barley pest lived.
Preferably, the described one-tenth frog raises the stage: breeding density is Ranaspinosa David. body weight gross weight 5kg every square metre, puts in a suitable place to breed by body weight size fractionation;Cultivate one or more that feedstuff is the Lumbricus of work, tenebrio molitor or Barley pest;Described cultivation feedstuff size is suitable with described Ranaspinosa David. body weight;Feeding amount is the 1/20~1/30 of every Ranaspinosa David. body weight, and the feeding time is after darkness every day in 1 hour.
Preferably, described plant is indoor culture field, and each culturing pool is provided with the ventilative covering preventing frog flight and alien enemy from invading.
Inventor after on-the-spot investigation and theoretical research, by plant's construction by the river originally having wild Ranaspinosa David. growth and breeding, introduced described river flowing water culture, and forms water system in plant by each pond of contacting before cultivation Ranaspinosa David..After starting cultivation, by groping, improve plant and cultural method.
As by preventing the cement wall surface damage to the especially immature Ranaspinosa David. of Ranaspinosa David. at laying plastic foil at the bottom of pond, being also convenient for artificial cultivation management.
Such as the culturing pool in plant with put in a suitable place to breed to grow and arrange leaking pipe, keep environment to moisten, at hot and dry weather, Ranaspinosa David. played vital protective effect especially.
As being provided with discharge outlet in lowest point, culturing pool inclined-plane, being provided with pipeline in discharge outlet, the outlet height of pipeline is adjustable;Described pipeline includes the outlet pipe being contained in discharge outlet and the adjustment pipe being flexibly connected with outlet pipe, and the activity direction regulating pipe is parallel with the wall of cell body;So can realize pool inner water face height easily, well realize Lu Shui than adjusting and whole pond environment moistening.
As cultivated the stage Tinea Ranae, change the method in the past raised with Tinea Ranae material, use the fodder for giant spiny frog tadpole that oneself makes, through screening, showing that the vegetable puree of one or more vegetables making of Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, water spinach, Chinese cabbage, asparagus lettuce leaf is fed, compared with feeding with Tinea Ranae material, the Tinea Ranae physique of self-control forage feed is more healthy and strong, vivaciously, body drag is better;And it is with low cost.
Improvement in the hatching apparatus of Ranaspinosa David. ovum, not in use by the method for hatching in pond in the past, adopts 0.3~3m2Plastic tub, the top of described plastic tub is uniformly arranged, around cell body, the aperture leaked for one week, and described hatching frame is made up of less than the gauze of Rana ovum the profile constant aperture that can bubble through the water column;It is additionally included in the pipeline with leaking hole that plastic tub is provided above, keeps leaking, entrance plastic tub of leaking;Rejecting to ovum inferior during hatching, the screening of high-quality Tinea Ranae is helpful, is advantageous to hatching management and the survival rate of Tinea Ranae.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, raise from Ranaspinosa David. culturing pool construction, spawn incubation, Tinea Ranae, become the frog to raise overwinter management;Constantly accumulate experience and improve cultural method;Show that one facilitates labor management, less costly, the cultural method of quality such as wild Ranaspinosa David..
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Ranaspinosa David. culturing pool.
Fig. 2 is Ranaspinosa David. culturing pool water flowing out structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the hatching apparatus of Ranaspinosa David. ovum
Detailed description of the invention
The hatching apparatus of 1 one kinds of Ranaspinosa David. ovum of embodiment
Such as Fig. 3, the hatching apparatus of a kind of Ranaspinosa David. ovum, including cell body 31, the top of described cell body 31 is uniformly arranged leak little by 32 for one week around cell body, and also floating on the water surface in cell body 31 have hatching frame 33;Being additionally included in the pipeline 34 with leaking hole 35 that cell body 31 is provided above, leak entrance cell body 31.Described cell body 31 is plastic tub, and plastic tub is sized to 0.3~3m2.Described leaking hole 35 is one group be uniformly arranged in water (flow) direction.
When incubating tadpole, ovum is put into hatching frame, keep current to provide sufficient oxygen to be conducive to hatching.After hatching, Tinea Ranae is separated with unhatched Rana ovum.It is placed in this device not hatching frame by the Tinea Ranae after hatching to continue to raise ten days.
2 one kinds of Ranaspinosa David. culturing pools of embodiment
Such as Fig. 1~2, a kind of Ranaspinosa David. culturing pool, including fluid-tight cell body 1, the bottom of described cell body 1 is gradient is the inclined-plane of 3~25 °, and lowest point, inclined-plane is provided with discharge outlet 2;Being provided with the table top 3 higher than the water surface on inclined-plane, table top 3 is arranged with the stone cave 4 perched for Ranaspinosa David..
Better, it is provided with pipeline 5 in described discharge outlet 2;Outlet 6 height of pipeline 5 is adjustable.Pipeline 5 includes the outlet pipe 51 being contained in discharge outlet 2 and the adjustment pipe 52 being flexibly connected with outlet pipe 51.The activity direction regulating pipe 52 is parallel with the wall of cell body 1.
Better, it is implanted with pasture and water 8 in described table top periphery kind.The bottom of cell body 1 is additionally provided with plastic sheeting.The wall of cell body 1 is provided with the inlet channel 7 leaked.The place of leaking of inlet channel 7 is the row's aperture uniformly gathered, and leaks so that there is water whole cell body 1 bottom surface.Cell body 1 bottom surface surrounding is provided with stone.The cultivation of embodiment 3 Ranaspinosa David.
Utilize hatching apparatus and the Ranaspinosa David. culturing pool of the Ranaspinosa David. ovum of embodiment 1~2.And adopt the cultural method of following Ranaspinosa David., raise including plant's construction and spawn incubation, Tinea Ranae, become the frog to raise and overwinter management;Wherein, plant introduces the current having Ranaspinosa David. growth and breeding under natural environment, arranges that pipeline and valve ensure that each pond in plant can continual flowing water;
The spawn incubation stage: select the healthy ripe Ranaspinosa David. kind frog to embrace right, notice that observation is laid eggs, it has been found that after laying eggs, when black occurring in egg membrane, carefully scrape, with perching knife, the ovum being attached at the bottom of wall and pond in time, put in the hatching apparatus (embodiment 1) of Ranaspinosa David. ovum;
Tinea Ranae is raised and the period of metamorphosis stage: become the beginning ten days of Tinea Ranae in hatching, cultivates in the described hatching apparatus taking hatching frame away, cools nursing after pure pouring milk powder;Proceed to Tinea Ranae pond after hatching ten days, the homemade fodder for giant spiny frog tadpole of feeding, described prepared by following methods step: 1) select one or more vegetables of fresh and tender Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, water spinach, Chinese cabbage, asparagus lettuce leaf;2) being placed in pressure cooker by clean for described vegetable, discharge water submergence;3) described vegetable is boiled;4) the described vegetable boiled it is ground into pasty state and get final product, wherein throwing something and feeding for every four times and once add with vegetables quality than for the multivitamin of 1:400~500, cod-liver oil or cod-liver oil powder;Throw something and feed weekly 1~2 time with vegetables quality than the yeast tablet for 1:400~500;
The frog is become to raise the stage: Ranaspinosa David., to becoming the frog stage, is moved in culturing pool (embodiment 2) by the froglet after metamorphosis completes;Adjusting the mouth of a river makes land and water ratio in culturing pool be 2~3:1;
In the overwinter management stage: in culturing pool, keep the unlikely icing of current, control land and water ratio for 3:2.
Becoming the frog to raise the stage, as frog body weight when more than 100g, move into and put pond in a suitable place to breed;The described width 3~4 meters putting pond in a suitable place to breed, is provided with width 50~more than 100cm in pond, length is the flowing water canal of more than 40m, and water channel is added is provided with dark slide or asbestos shingle;Put in a suitable place to breed and pond surroundings wall is provided with water pipe, water pipe has aperture keep current to reach to put the ground environment that pond is moistening in a suitable place to breed;Described pond of putting in a suitable place to breed there also is provided pasture and water and the stone cave perched for Ranaspinosa David.;Put pond sole arrangement in a suitable place to breed and have plastic foil.
With top iodine, culturing pool is sterilized week about.Week about with top iodine to putting pond sterilization in a suitable place to breed.
The described spawn incubation stage, kind of the frog selects more than build 100g, and female-male proportion is 1:1, plants the frog and cultivates one or more that feedstuff is Lumbricus, tenebrio molitor or the Barley pest lived, feeding amount is every 25 couples of kind frog feeding 250~300g, and the feeding time is after darkness every day in 1 hour;Culturing pool breeding density is every square metre and puts 20~30 in a suitable place to breed, and Chi Lushui is than for 1:2.
Described Tinea Ranae is raised and the period of metamorphosis stage: become the beginning ten days of Tinea Ranae in hatching, breeding density is 200~250 every square metre, and 6~7 o'clock of every morning and 5~6 o'clock of afternoon feeding respectively pure milk powder appetite are every 500 of 5~10g;Current are closed 1 hour during nursing.
Described Tinea Ranae is raised and the period of metamorphosis stage: cultivating in the Tinea Ranae pond keeping more than depth of water 30cm, breeding density is 150~200 every square metre, keeps current for sufficient water oxygen level in Tinea Ranae pond;6~7 o'clock of every morning and 5~6 o'clock of afternoon distinguish the homemade fodder for giant spiny frog tadpole of feeding;Hatch after ten days until abnormal occur time, feeding amount is every 500 of 1~2g is that every 500 of 10~12g is stepped up to feeding amount;After Tinea Ranae to abnormal generation, until froglet gradually reduces feeding amount to 1~2g after metamorphosis;Supplement the feedstuff that larva is this stage of Lumbricus, tenebrio molitor or the Barley pest lived.
The described one-tenth frog raises the stage: breeding density is Ranaspinosa David. body weight gross weight 5kg every square metre, puts in a suitable place to breed by body weight size fractionation;Cultivate one or more that feedstuff is the Lumbricus of work, tenebrio molitor or Barley pest;Described cultivation feedstuff size is suitable with described Ranaspinosa David. body weight;Feeding amount is the 1/20~1/30 of every Ranaspinosa David. body weight, and the feeding time is after darkness every day in 1 hour.
Described plant is indoor culture field, and each culturing pool is provided with the ventilative covering preventing frog flight and alien enemy from invading.