CN103430914B - A kind of regulate Lumbricus growth and the culture of reproduction speed and cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of regulate Lumbricus growth and the culture of reproduction speed and cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103430914B CN103430914B CN201310389484.9A CN201310389484A CN103430914B CN 103430914 B CN103430914 B CN 103430914B CN 201310389484 A CN201310389484 A CN 201310389484A CN 103430914 B CN103430914 B CN 103430914B
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- lumbricus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of culture regulating the Lumbricus speed of growth, and including cattle manure, rice straw, gardens fallen leaves, carbon-nitrogen ratio therein is 20 31.A kind of culture regulating Lumbricus reproduction speed, carbon-nitrogen ratio therein is 37 56.A kind of cultural method regulating Lumbricus growth and reproduction speed, cultivates the carbon-nitrogen ratio of material by regulation, utilizes carbon-nitrogen ratio to control Lumbricus growth or the speed of breeding.The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: can the short time realize quickly increasing or the rapid propagation of Lumbricus quantity of Lumbricus body weight.Specialty vermiculture field uses this method, Lumbricus breeding and Lumbricus weightening finish can separately be cultivated, improve cultivation efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Lumbricus and cultivate field, a kind of cultivation regulating Lumbricus growth and reproduction speed
Thing and cultural method.
Background technology
Lumbricus is a kind of common terrestrial annelid, lives in soil, hides by day and comes out at night, with animal dung
Just it is food with debirs rubbish, together swallows together with earth, also the fragment such as the stem and leaf of feeding plant.Earthworm
Earthworm can make loosing soil, improvement soil, build up fertility, and promotes agricultural produce.At present, people are increasingly
Recognize importance and special to environmental conservation that Lumbricus produces in medicine, agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry
Effect.
The application of Lumbricus widely, is the most increasingly subject to people's attention.Lumbricus has abundant nutrition
Being worth, protein content reaches 70%, and rich in the various aminoacid of needed by human, the content of its lysine
For 3.9 times of beef, for 4.6 times of Carnis Sus domestica, additionally, Lumbricus also rich in vitamin A, vitamin B,
Vitamin E, several mineral materials and saccharide.I.e. can be used as the high-protein food of people, it is possible to be used as poultry
The high-quality feed of fowl.Lumbricus has medical usage widely, is commonly used for antipyretic, analeptic and diuretic,
And active polypeptide and the high activity with disease-resistant and growth promotion function can also be isolated from Lumbricus body
Phytase.Additionally, the widest purposes of Lumbricus is to process various organic wastes and garbage, improving
High-quality organic fertilizer is produced while environment.The efficiency of dealing with earthworm debirs is the highest, 100,000,000
Lumbricus can eat 40 tons of debirs for one day, and the most increasing people recognizes and utilizes Lumbricus to process
The advantage place of organic waste and garbage.Therefore, Lumbricus is a lot of to the benefit of the mankind, and range of application is also
Widely, China and many countries in the world are all in utilization and the cultivation cause of Efforts To Develop Lumbricus.
Along with Lumbricus is increasingly widely applied, the research to vermiculture technology also gets more and more, at present
The research of vermiculture correlation technique is concentrated mainly on the most several aspect: the 1. selection of kind: the most artificial
Cultivation Lumbricus in use more, develop more ripe earthworm kind be Eisenia foetida (Eisenia foetida);
This earthworm kind is top layer kind Lumbricus, and the fertilizer that becomes is strong, and the period of maturation is short, and breeding potential is high, and feeding habits are extensive, protein
Content and being of high nutritive value.2. the temperature of breeding environment: Lumbricus is a kind of poikilothermal animal, the growth of its Lumbricus,
The activity such as reproduction, breathing and physiological metabolism is all controlled by temperature, and temperature is to affect the master of Lumbricus food ration
Want one of factor;The environmental optima temperature of Lumbricus growth is 20-25 DEG C.3. the humidity of feeding environment: Lumbricus
Great majority belong to hygrocole, and the oxygen being dissolved in body surface water-bearing layer by absorption comes maintenance respiration, ring
Border humidity is extremely important to its existence.Humidity is too low or too high all can affect its metabolism, is unfavorable for earthworm
Earthworm growth and breeding;Research shows, water content is the most suitable between 50-70%.4. material is raised
Acid-base value: the acid-base value of environment be there are certain requirements by growth and the breeding of Lumbricus, the pH value mistake of organic materials
High or the too low mobility that all can affect Lumbricus, and the height of Lumbricus digestion product quality.Lumbricus is raw
The pH value range deposited is 6-9.5. the inoculum density of vermiculture: the inoculum density of Lumbricus decides process
Efficiency, within the specific limits, treatment effeciency is directly proportional to Lumbricus density.But, when density is excessive,
There is vivosphere and the contention of food between Lumbricus body, produce inhibitory action, and be susceptible to disease.
Therefore, keep certain inoculum density, for the rate of growth of Lumbricus and breeding potential and the place of organic materials
Reason effects etc. are extremely important.Inoculum density in common organic materials is that 16-40g/kg is the most suitable.
6. organic materials kind: pending organic waste is not only the object of dealing with earthworm, and is Lumbricus
Metabolism and growth and breeding desired substance and the supplier of energy.Agreeable to the taste to Lumbricus of pending material
Property and trophism determine the treatment effeciency of Lumbricus, its C/N ratio is that reflection dealing with earthworm is adaptive to be combined
Close index.A lot of researchs show, C/N is more optimal than for the growth and breeding situation of Lumbricus during 20-40.
In the cultivation and application process of Lumbricus, usually can run into the situation of the short time a large amount of Lumbricuss of needs,
At this moment it is accomplished by Lumbricus can breed faster, and sometimes needs bigger weight, need Lumbricus quick
Growth, puts on weight.Therefore, the speed of growth and the reproduction speed of Lumbricus is regulated by suitable technology
The most necessary.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the deficiency existed for the growth of the above existing Lumbricus and breeding, it is provided that one
Kind by organic materials kind regulate Lumbricus grow and breeding to regulation Lumbricus growth and reproduction speed
Cultural method.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme is that a kind of training regulating the Lumbricus speed of growth
Support thing, be made up of the component including following parts by weight: cattle manure 60-100, rice straw 0-40, gardens fallen leaves
0-18, mixed carbon-nitrogen ratio is 20-31.The growth of Lumbricus when mixed carbon-nitrogen ratio is 20-31
Speed, body weight increases rapidly, as long as material enriches, other cultivating condition is suitable, average 30 days bodies
Weight just can increase 80-150%.
A kind of culture regulating Lumbricus reproduction speed, is made up of the component including following parts by weight: cattle
Excrement 0-40, rice straw 0-100, gardens fallen leaves 0-100, mixed carbon-nitrogen ratio is 37-56.When after mixing
Carbon-nitrogen ratio when being 37-56, be more beneficial for Lumbricus and lay eggs and hatch, the reproduction speed of Lumbricus is very fast, its
In the case of its condition is suitable, 60 days Lumbricus quantity increases 30-40 times.
Described cattle manure natural air drying.
Described rice straw is air-dried rice straw, and pulverizes 2mm sieve.
Described gardens fallen leaves are the dry branches and fallen leaves under urban landscaping pruning, air-dry and pulverized 2mm sieve.
A kind of regulate Lumbricus growth or the cultural method of reproduction speed, by regulation cultivate material carbon nitrogen
Than controlling Lumbricus growth or the speed of breeding.
A kind of regulate Lumbricus growth or the cultural method of reproduction speed, it includes Lumbricus propagation steps and Lumbricus
Fast-growth step:
Wherein, Lumbricus propagation steps is the culture laid eggs by Lumbricus and be placed in described regulation Lumbricus reproduction speed
In cultivate；
Lumbricus fast-growth step is that the Lumbricus germling of propagation steps is placed in the described regulation Lumbricus speed of growth
Culture in cultivate.
When carbon-nitrogen ratio is 20-31, the speed of growth of Lumbricus is very fast, and body weight increases rapidly, as long as material is rich
Richness, other cultivating condition is suitable, and within average 30 days, body weight just can increase 80-150%.
When carbon-nitrogen ratio is 37-56, being more beneficial for Lumbricus and lay eggs and hatch, the reproduction speed of Lumbricus is very fast,
In the case of other condition is suitable, 60 days Lumbricus quantity increases 30-40 times.
Described cultivation material bank up under water content 50-60% state become thoroughly decomposed 30 days standby.
Become thoroughly decomposed material inoculation length, weight, the active consistent ripe Lumbricus 30-40 bar of 400g dry weight.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: can the short time realize Lumbricus body weight
Quickly increase or the rapid propagation of Lumbricus quantity；And Lumbricus breeding and Lumbricus weightening finish separately can be carried out
Cultivation, improves cultivation efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.
A kind of culture regulating the Lumbricus speed of growth, is made up of the component including following parts by weight:
| Material (weight portion) | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | Example 6 | Example 7 |
| Cattle manure | 100 | 93 | 86 | 80 | 75 | 70 | 60 |
| Rice straw | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 15 | 40 |
| Fall leaves in gardens | 0 | 2 | 4 | 10 | 18 | 15 | 0 |
| Carbon-nitrogen ratio | 20 | 22 | 24 | 26 | 28 | 30 | 31 |
A kind of culture regulating Lumbricus reproduction speed, is made up of the component including following parts by weight:
| Material (weight portion) | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | Example 6 | Example 7 |
| Cattle manure | 40 | 40 | 20 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Rice straw | 60 | 19 | 80 | 47 | 100 | 49 | 0 |
| Fall leaves in gardens | 0 | 41 | 0 | 33 | 0 | 51 | 100 |
| Carbon-nitrogen ratio | 37 | 40 | 42 | 45 | 48 | 52 | 56 |
Embodiment 1
Cattle manure takes from Agricultural University Of South China's vaccary natural air drying, and rice straw was pulverized for air-drying rice straw
2mm is standby after sieving, and gardens fallen leaves are collected in the dry branches and fallen leaves under Shenzhen's afforestation is pruned, size-reduced
Cross 2mm sieve standby.All organic materials all bank up under water content 50-60% state become thoroughly decomposed 30 days standby,
Material base attribute is shown in Table 1.The Eisenia foetida that motion is active, feeding habits are wide is selected for examination Lumbricus
(Eisenia foetida).Culture vessel uses back cut diameter 15cm, the plastic flowerpot of high 20cm, the end
Portion is standby after spreading plastic gauze.Add in plastic flowerpot and be equivalent to the material that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 400g dry weight, three kinds
Material, three repetitions of every kind of material, every basin inoculation length, weight, active consistent ripe Lumbricus 30
Bar.At shady and cool ventilation disposed within, maintaining water content 50-60%, remaining operates vermiculture side routinely
Method is carried out.Lumbricus carried out the detection of quantity and weight respectively when 30 days and 60 days, and testing result is such as
Shown in table 2.
The base attribute of organic materials selected by table 1
| Material | Organic carbon % | Full nitrogen % | Carbon-nitrogen ratio | pH |
| Cattle manure | 19.07 | 0.96 | 20 | 7.96 |
| Rice straw | 37.50 | 0.79 | 48 | 7.71 |
| Fall leaves in gardens | 41.17 | 0.73 | 56 | 7.70 |
Lumbricus growth under the conditions of the different carbon-nitrogen ratio of table 2 and reproduction speed
When carbon-nitrogen ratio is the cattle manure of 19.07, the average weight gain 95% when 30 days, being far longer than carbon-nitrogen ratio is
The rice straw of 37.5 and 41.17 and gardens fallen leaves.Then both young earthworm breeding rates when 60 days are respectively
It is 35 times and 33 times of 30 Lumbricuss of initial vaccination, is far longer than the breeding rate of cattle manure.
Embodiment 2
Use the cultivation material of cattle manure carbon-nitrogen ratio different with rice straw mixed preparing.Cattle manure and rice straw pick up from south China
The peaceful western Experimental Base of agriculture university, cattle manure air-dries milled 2mm sieve under field conditions (factors), and extracting screen underflow is standby
With；Caulis et Folium Oryzae is cut into 2-3cm length after air-drying, standby.Cattle manure after sieving and the fundamental property of Caulis et Folium Oryzae such as table
Shown in 3.
Table 3 cattle manure and the base attribute of rice straw
Rice straw is mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:4,2:3,3:2,4:1 respectively with cattle manure, regulates after mixing
It is standby that the natural fermentation of water content 50-60% cultivates material as four kinds of bases in 30 days, four groups of materials after mixing
Carbon-nitrogen ratio be followed successively by 26,31,37,42, the material of every kind of ratio as a process, repeats for three times.
Selecting high about 16cm, back cut diameter 18cm and the plastic flowerpot of the diameter 12cm that goes to the bottom, gauze is placed in bottom.
Adding the material that becomes thoroughly decomposed of the corresponding carbon-nitrogen ratio component being equivalent to 200g dry weight in flowerpot, the inoculation of every basin is long
Short, weight, active consistent ripe Eisenia foetida 20.At shady and cool ventilation disposed within, maintenance contains
Water yield 50-60%, remaining operates earthworm culture method routinely and carries out.Respectively when 30 days and 60 days pair
Lumbricus carries out the detection of quantity and weight, and testing result is as shown in table 4.
Lumbricus growth under the conditions of 4 four groups of carbon-nitrogen ratios of table and reproduction speed
From result, under the conditions of four kinds of carbon-nitrogen ratios, when carbon-nitrogen ratio is 26, the speed of growth is the fastest, 30 days
Weightening finish 128%, is the process of 42 far above carbon-nitrogen ratio.When carbon-nitrogen ratio is 42, within 60 days, weightening finish multiple is
18 times, be the process of 26 far above the carbon-nitrogen ratio same period.The proliferation times of embodiment two is generally less than implementing
Example one, is primarily due to embodiment one the most more Lumbricus amount reproduction and carries out season, embodiment
Two is to carry out in low season at the universal breeding potential of Lumbricus in summer, therefore, advises greatly applying this technology
The when of mould breeding, being preferably selected the autumn and winter season weather is nice and cool is carried out.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention described in detail above, it will be appreciated that the common skill of this area
Art just can make many modifications and variations according to the design of the present invention without creative work.Therefore, all
Technical staff passes through logical analysis, reasoning according to present inventive concept on the basis of prior art in the art
Or according to the limited available technical scheme of experiment, all should determined by the claims
Protection domain among.
Claims (7)
1. the culture regulating Lumbricus reproduction speed, it is characterised in that include the group of following parts by weight
It is grouped into: cattle manure 0-40, rice straw 0-100, gardens fallen leaves 0-100, mixed carbon-nitrogen ratio is 48 or 52
Or 56.
2. according to a kind of culture regulating Lumbricus reproduction speed described in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described cattle manure natural air drying.
3. according to a kind of culture regulating Lumbricus reproduction speed described in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described rice straw pulverized 2mm sieve for air-drying rice straw.
4. according to a kind of culture regulating Lumbricus reproduction speed described in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described gardens fallen leaves are the dry branches and fallen leaves under urban landscaping pruning, through pulverizing 2mm sieve after air-drying.
5. the cultural method of the culture of the regulation Lumbricus reproduction speed described in employing claim 1,
It includes Lumbricus propagation steps and Lumbricus fast-growth step: wherein, and Lumbricus propagation steps is to lay eggs Lumbricus to put
Cultivate in the culture of described regulation Lumbricus reproduction speed；Lumbricus fast-growth step is by propagation steps
Lumbricus germling be placed in regulation the Lumbricus speed of growth culture in cultivate.
6. according to a kind of cultural method regulating Lumbricus reproduction speed described in claim 5, it is characterised in that
The culture of described regulation Lumbricus reproduction speed and the culture of the regulation Lumbricus speed of growth are in water content 50-60%
Bank up under state become thoroughly decomposed 30 days standby.
7. according to a kind of cultural method regulating Lumbricus reproduction speed described in claim 5, it is characterised in that
Become thoroughly decomposed material inoculation length, weight, the active consistent ripe Lumbricus 30-40 bar of 400g dry weight.
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| CN104206286B (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2017-11-28 | 重庆大学 | Scaled cattle farms cow dung cascaded utilization of energy combines method of disposal |
| CN105685532A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-22 | 孙连城 | Earthworm feed prepared from cow dung |
| CN107032838A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-08-11 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of municipal sludge base Nutrition Soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN107788230A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-03-13 | 牛灵 | It is a kind of to improve earthworm growth rate and the cultivation matrix of reproductive performance |
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