A kind of cultural method of Ranaspinosa David
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture field, be specifically related to a kind of cultural method of Ranaspinosa David.
Background technology
Ranaspinosa David is the up-and-coming youngster of China's frog culture industry, is the new focus of increasing peasant income, and development is very fast, promise well.Ranaspinosa David is the large-scale wild batrachia of a class.Its body pork is many and thin, Fresh & Tender in Texture, nourishing and health preserving, the effect of tool anti-cancer.In frog meat, contain the multiple nutritional components such as protein, glucose, amino acid, iron, phosphorus and vitamin, fat content is very low, is always the first-class delicacies in south China feast.Its edibility, far away higher than bullfrog, is described as " kings of hundred frogs " by external gourmet.Ranaspinosa David meat can hyoscine; The effect that has strengthening by means of tonics.The Ranaspinosa David property of medicine is flat, and taste is sweet, enters the heart, liver, lung three warps, have nourishing Yin and falling fire, clear away heart-fire and adjust the effect of lung, strong liver kidney, to treatment infantile malnutrition due to digestive disturbances or intestinalparasites, weakness, restlessness and thirst etc. have certain auxiliary curative effect after being ill.In recent years, because people indiscriminately slaughter and a large amount of agricultural chemicals that uses, polluted water, causes ecotope constantly to worsen, and causes wild Ranaspinosa David increasingly to reduce.Greatly develop and propagate artificially, Reasonable Protection exploitation, could meet the growing demand of people.Chinese patent (application number: 201210579629.7) disclose a kind of Ranaspinosa David cultural method, comprise seed selection, lay eggs, tadpole maintenance, froglet and become the frog to raise, wherein froglet and become frog feeding process to comprise to build culturing pool, the bait of throwing something and feeding, daily management, regularly epidemic prevention.Build froglet culturing pool with adult frog culture pond to froglet with become the frog to distinguish feeding and management; Adopt " four is fixed " step to feed intake, to guarantee frog comprehensive nutrition, the growth disease that takes a disease rapidly, less; Heat-preserving equipment is set in culturing pool, improve pond water temperature make the frog can not hibernation and continuation activity, ingest, in order to accelerating its growth, Shortening culturing period; Adopt Chinese medicine and thimerosal regularly to prevent epidemic to culturing pool, the prevention frog is sick.
Ranaspinosa David culture efficiency is not only determining of several parameters.Cultivation Ranaspinosa David problem is complicated, need to be in each cultivating link technical solution problem, just can obtain better culture efficiency afterwards.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of labor management of being convenient to, cultural method is simple, can cultivate out again the cultural method of the Ranaspinosa David that quality is high.
A cultural method for Ranaspinosa David, comprises that plant's construction and spawn incubation, tadpole are raised, the one-tenth frog is raised and overwinter management; Wherein, plant introduces the current that have Ranaspinosa David growth and breeding under natural environment, arranges that pipeline and valve guarantee the continual flowing water of each pond energy in plant;
The spawn incubation stage: select the healthy ripe Ranaspinosa David kind frog to embrace right, note to observe and to lay eggs, after finding to lay eggs, while there is black in egg membrane, be attached to the ovum at the bottom of wall and pond by the careful scraping of perching knife in time, put into the hatching apparatus of Ranaspinosa David ovum; Described hatching apparatus comprises 0.3~3m
2plastic basin and hatching frame, the top of described plastic basin is around the pond body one week aperture that evenly setting is leaked, the gauze that described hatching frame is less than frog's egg by the profile constant aperture that can bubble through the water column forms; Also be included in the pipeline with leaking hole that plastic basin top arranges, keep leaking, leak and enter plastic basin;
Tadpole is raised and the period of metamorphosis stage: in hatching, become the beginning ten days of tadpole, cultivation, in taking the described hatching apparatus of hatching frame away, cools nursing after pure pouring milk powder; Hatch and proceed to tadpole pond after ten days, the homemade Ranaspinosa David tadpole of feeding feed, is describedly made by following methods step: one or more vegetables of 1) selecting fresh and tender pumpkin, water spinach, Chinese cabbage, asparagus lettuce leaf; 2) described vegetables are cleaned and are placed in pressure cooker, submergence discharges water; 3) described vegetables are boiled; 4) described vegetables of boiling are ground into pasty state and get final product, wherein every throwing something and feeding for four times once adds with vegetables quality than being the multivitamin of 1:400~500, cod-liver oil or cod-liver oil powder; Throw something and feed weekly 1~2 time with vegetables quality than being the aluzyme of 1:400~500;
Become the frog to raise the stage: the froglet after metamorphosis completes, to becoming the frog stage, moves into Ranaspinosa David in culturing pool; Described culturing pool, comprises that the bottom of Ti, pond, fluid-tight pond body is that gradient is the inclined-plane of 3~25 °, is provided with plastic film on inclined-plane, and on inclined-plane, lowest part is provided with discharge outlet, is provided with pipeline in discharge outlet, and the delivery port height of pipeline is adjustable; Described pipeline comprises the outlet pipe being contained in discharge outlet and the adjustable pipe being flexibly connected with outlet pipe, and the activity direction of adjustable pipe is parallel with the wall of pond body; On inclined-plane, be provided with the table top higher than the water surface, under table top, be provided with inclined-plane surrounding the stone cave of perching for Ranaspinosa David; In described table top periphery kind, be implanted with pasture and water; On the wall of pond body, be provided with the inlet channel leaking, the row aperture of the place of leaking of inlet channel for evenly gathering, leaking makes body bottom surface, whole pond have water; Adjusting the mouth of a river, to make land and water ratio in culturing pool be 2~3:1;
The overwinter management stage: in culturing pool, keep current unlikely icing, control land and water than being 3:2.
Becoming the frog to raise the stage, as frog body weight, when 100g is above, is moving into and put pond in a suitable place to breed; 3~4 meters of described width of putting pond in a suitable place to breed, more than being provided with width 50~100cm in pond, length is flowing water canal more than 40m, added shadow shield or the asbestos shingle of being provided with of water channel; Put in a suitable place to breed on the surroundings wall of pond and be provided with water pipe, on water pipe, have aperture to keep current to put the moistening ground environment in pond in a suitable place to breed to reach; Describedly put the stone cave that pond is also furnished with pasture and water and perches for Ranaspinosa David in a suitable place to breed; Put pond sole arrangement in a suitable place to breed and have plastic foil.
Preferably, with top iodine, culturing pool is sterilized week about.With top iodine, to putting pond in a suitable place to breed, sterilize week about.
Preferably, the described spawn incubation stage, more than planting frog selection build 100g, female-male proportion is 1:1, kind of the frog is cultivated one or more that feed is the earthworm, yellow mealworm or the barley worm that live, and feeding amount is every 25 couples of kind frog feeding 250~300g, and the feeding time is after darkness every day in 1 hour; Culturing pool breeding density is every square metre and puts 20~30 in a suitable place to breed, and Chi Lushui is than being 1:2.
Preferably, described tadpole is raised and the period of metamorphosis stage: in hatching, become the beginning ten days of tadpole, breeding density is 200~250 every square metre, 6~7 o'clock of every morning and 5~6 o'clock of afternoon respectively the pure milk powder appetite of feeding be every 500 of 5~10g; The current 1 hour of rearing in dry lot tadpole during nursing.
Preferably, described tadpole is raised and the period of metamorphosis stage: in the tadpole pond of cultivation more than keeping depth of water 30cm, breeding density is 150~200 every square metre, keeps current for sufficient water oxygen level in tadpole pond; 6~7 o'clock of every morning and 5~6 o'clock of afternoon is the homemade Ranaspinosa David tadpole of feeding feed respectively; In hatching after ten days until during abnormal generation, feeding amount is that every 500 of 1~2g is that every 500 of 10~12g progressively increases to feeding amount; Tadpole to abnormal generation, after metamorphosis until froglet gradually reduces feeding amount to 1~2g; The larva of supplementary earthworm, yellow mealworm or the barley worm living is the feed in stage for this reason.
Preferably, the described one-tenth frog is raised the stage: breeding density is every square metre of Ranaspinosa David body weight gross weight 5kg, by body weight size fractionation, puts in a suitable place to breed; Cultivate one or more that feed is earthworm, yellow mealworm or barley worm alive; Described cultivation feed size is suitable with described Ranaspinosa David body weight; Feeding amount is 1/20~1/30 of every Ranaspinosa David body weight, and the feeding time is after darkness every day in 1 hour.
Preferably, described plant is indoor culture field, and each culturing pool is provided with the ventilative covering that prevents that frog flight and alien enemy from invading.
Inventor was originally having by the river of wild Ranaspinosa David growth and breeding through ,Jiang plant construction after on-the-spot investigation and theoretical research before cultivation Ranaspinosa David, introduced described river flowing water culture, and by formation flowing water system in series winding Ge Chi plant.Start, after cultivation, by groping, to have improved plant and cultural method.
As prevented the damage of cement wall surface to the especially immature Ranaspinosa David of Ranaspinosa David by lay plastic foil at the bottom of pond, also conveniently propagate management artificially.
Culturing pool in Ru plant arranges leaking pipe with putting in a suitable place to breed to grow, and keeps environment moistening, at hot and dry weather, Ranaspinosa David is played to vital protective effect especially.
As being provided with discharge outlet at culturing pool inclined-plane lowest part, in discharge outlet, be provided with pipeline, the delivery port height of pipeline is adjustable; Described pipeline comprises the outlet pipe being contained in discharge outlet and the adjustable pipe being flexibly connected with outlet pipe, and the activity direction of adjustable pipe is parallel with the wall of pond body; Can realize easily like this pool inner water face height, well realize Lu Shui than adjust and whole pond in environment moistening.
As cultivated the stage tadpole, change the method for in the past raising with tadpole material, use the Ranaspinosa David tadpole feed of oneself making, through screening, the vegetable puree that draws one or more vegetables making of pumpkin, water spinach, Chinese cabbage, asparagus lettuce leaf is fed, and feeds and compares with tadpole material, and the tadpole physique of self-control forage feed is more healthy and strong, vivaciously, body drag is better; And with low cost.
As the improvement in the hatching apparatus of Ranaspinosa David ovum, do not re-use the method for in the past hatching in pond, adopt 0.3~3m
2plastic basin, the top of described plastic basin evenly arranges around pond body one week the aperture leaking, the gauze that described hatching frame is less than frog's egg by the profile constant aperture that can bubble through the water column forms; Also be included in the pipeline with leaking hole that plastic basin top arranges, keep leaking, leak and enter plastic basin; Rejecting to ovum inferior between the incubation period, the screening of high-quality tadpole is helpful, is extremely conducive to hatching management and the survival rate of tadpole.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, from the construction of Ranaspinosa David culturing pool, spawn incubation, tadpole, raise, become the frog to raise overwinter management; Constantly accumulate experience and improve cultural method; Draw a kind of labor management that facilitates, cost is lower, and quality is as the cultural method of wild Ranaspinosa David.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Ranaspinosa David culturing pool.
Fig. 2 is Ranaspinosa David culturing pool water flowing out structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the hatching apparatus of Ranaspinosa David ovum
Embodiment
The hatching apparatus of 1 one kinds of Ranaspinosa David ovum of embodiment
As Fig. 3, a kind of hatching apparatus of Ranaspinosa David ovum, comprises pond body 31, and the top of described pond body 31 evenly arranges around pond body one week leak little by 32, and also floating on the water surface in pond body 31 have a frame 33 of hatching; Also be included in the pipeline 34 with leaking hole 35 that body 31 tops in pond arrange, leak and enter pond body 31.Described pond body 31 is plastic basin, and plastic basin size is 0.3~3m
2.Described leaking hole 35 is one group that in water (flow) direction, evenly arranges.
When incubating tadpole, ovum is put into hatching frame, keep current to provide sufficient oxygen to be conducive to hatching.After hatching, tadpole is separated with unhatched frog's egg.Tadpole after hatching is placed in this device of not hatching frame and continues to raise ten days.
2 one kinds of Ranaspinosa David culturing pools of embodiment
As Fig. 1~2, a kind of Ranaspinosa David culturing pool, comprises fluid-tight pond body 1, and the bottom of described pond body 1 is that gradient is that , inclined-plane, the inclined-plane lowest part of 3~25 ° is provided with discharge outlet 2; On inclined-plane, be provided with the table top 3 higher than the water surface, table top 3 is arranged with the stone cave 4 of perching for Ranaspinosa David.
Better, in described discharge outlet 2, be provided with pipeline 5; Delivery port 6 height of pipeline 5 are adjustable.Pipeline 5 comprises the outlet pipe 51 being contained in discharge outlet 2 and the adjustable pipe 52 being flexibly connected with outlet pipe 51.The activity direction of adjustable pipe 52 is parallel with the wall of pond body 1.
Better, in described table top periphery kind, be implanted with pasture and water 8.The bottom of pond body 1 is also provided with plastic film.On the wall of pond body 1, be provided with the inlet channel 7 leaking.The row aperture of the place of leaking of inlet channel 7 for evenly gathering, leaks and makes body 1 bottom surface, whole pond have water.Body 1 bottom surface surrounding in pond is furnished with stone.The cultivation of embodiment 3 Ranaspinosa Davids
Utilize hatching apparatus and the Ranaspinosa David culturing pool of the Ranaspinosa David ovum of embodiment 1~2.And adopt the cultural method of following Ranaspinosa David, comprise that plant's construction and spawn incubation, tadpole raise, become the frog to raise and overwinter management; Wherein, plant introduces the current that have Ranaspinosa David growth and breeding under natural environment, arranges that pipeline and valve guarantee the continual flowing water of each pond energy in plant;
The spawn incubation stage: select the healthy ripe Ranaspinosa David kind frog to embrace right, note observing and lay eggs, after finding to lay eggs, while there is black in egg membrane, in time by the careful scraping of perching knife, be attached to the ovum at the bottom of wall and pond, put into the hatching apparatus (embodiment 1) of Ranaspinosa David ovum;
Tadpole is raised and the period of metamorphosis stage: in hatching, become the beginning ten days of tadpole, cultivation, in taking the described hatching apparatus of hatching frame away, cools nursing after pure pouring milk powder; Hatch and proceed to tadpole pond after ten days, the homemade Ranaspinosa David tadpole of feeding feed, is describedly made by following methods step: one or more vegetables of 1) selecting fresh and tender pumpkin, water spinach, Chinese cabbage, asparagus lettuce leaf; 2) described vegetables are cleaned and are placed in pressure cooker, submergence discharges water; 3) described vegetables are boiled; 4) described vegetables of boiling are ground into pasty state and get final product, wherein every throwing something and feeding for four times once adds with vegetables quality than being the multivitamin of 1:400~500, cod-liver oil or cod-liver oil powder; Throw something and feed weekly 1~2 time with vegetables quality than being the aluzyme of 1:400~500;
Become the frog to raise the stage: the froglet after metamorphosis completes, to becoming the frog stage, moves into Ranaspinosa David in culturing pool (embodiment 2); Adjusting the mouth of a river, to make land and water ratio in culturing pool be 2~3:1;
The overwinter management stage: in culturing pool, keep current unlikely icing, control land and water than being 3:2.
Becoming the frog to raise the stage, as frog body weight, when 100g is above, is moving into and put pond in a suitable place to breed; 3~4 meters of described width of putting pond in a suitable place to breed, more than being provided with width 50~100cm in pond, length is flowing water canal more than 40m, added shadow shield or the asbestos shingle of being provided with of water channel; Put in a suitable place to breed on the surroundings wall of pond and be provided with water pipe, on water pipe, have aperture to keep current to put the moistening ground environment in pond in a suitable place to breed to reach; Describedly put the stone cave that pond is also furnished with pasture and water and perches for Ranaspinosa David in a suitable place to breed; Put pond sole arrangement in a suitable place to breed and have plastic foil.
With top iodine, culturing pool is sterilized week about.With top iodine, to putting pond in a suitable place to breed, sterilize week about.
The described spawn incubation stage, more than planting frog selection build 100g, female-male proportion is 1:1, plants the frog and cultivates one or more that feed is earthworm, yellow mealworm or barley worm alive, feeding amount is every 25 couples of kind frog feeding 250~300g, and the feeding time is after darkness every day in 1 hour; Culturing pool breeding density is every square metre and puts 20~30 in a suitable place to breed, and Chi Lushui is than being 1:2.
Described tadpole is raised and the period of metamorphosis stage: in hatching, become the beginning ten days of tadpole, breeding density is 200~250 every square metre, 6~7 o'clock of every morning and 5~6 o'clock of afternoon respectively the pure milk powder appetite of feeding be every 500 of 5~10g; During nursing, close current 1 hour.
Described tadpole is raised and the period of metamorphosis stage: in the tadpole pond of cultivation more than keeping depth of water 30cm, breeding density is 150~200 every square metre, keeps current for sufficient water oxygen level in tadpole pond; 6~7 o'clock of every morning and 5~6 o'clock of afternoon is the homemade Ranaspinosa David tadpole of feeding feed respectively; In hatching after ten days until during abnormal generation, feeding amount is that every 500 of 1~2g is that every 500 of 10~12g progressively increases to feeding amount; Tadpole to abnormal generation, after metamorphosis until froglet gradually reduces feeding amount to 1~2g; The larva of supplementary earthworm, yellow mealworm or the barley worm living is the feed in stage for this reason.
The described one-tenth frog is raised the stage: breeding density is every square metre of Ranaspinosa David body weight gross weight 5kg, by body weight size fractionation, puts in a suitable place to breed; Cultivate one or more that feed is earthworm, yellow mealworm or barley worm alive; Described cultivation feed size is suitable with described Ranaspinosa David body weight; Feeding amount is 1/20~1/30 of every Ranaspinosa David body weight, and the feeding time is after darkness every day in 1 hour.
Described plant is indoor culture field, and each culturing pool is provided with the ventilative covering that prevents that frog flight and alien enemy from invading.