CN103598080A - Method for controlling macroalgaes in stichopus japonicas culture pond - Google Patents
Method for controlling macroalgaes in stichopus japonicas culture pond Download PDFInfo
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- CN103598080A CN103598080A CN201310651503.0A CN201310651503A CN103598080A CN 103598080 A CN103598080 A CN 103598080A CN 201310651503 A CN201310651503 A CN 201310651503A CN 103598080 A CN103598080 A CN 103598080A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for controlling macroalgaes in a stichopus japonicas culture pond. The method comprises the following steps: applying an inorganic fertilizer and a low-temperature resistant beneficial bacteria preparation inside a stichopus japonicas culture pond, so that the density of monodus subterraneus in the pond achieves 500,000-1,000,000 cell/ml; the filament length achieves 30cm and the macroalgaes inside the pond are manually fished out when the cover area of the macroalgaes on the bottom of the pond achieves 25%; basket fish fries and stichopus japonicas are cultivated in a mixing manner and 3-5ml of beneficial bacteria preparation is applied to each mu when the water temperature of the pond is 17-20 DEG C; the macroalgaes close to death are manually fished out, the basket fish fries are fed with 500-600g of macroalgaes everyday, and the cover area of the macroalgae on the bottom of the pond is controlled at 8-10% when the water temperature of the pond achieves 26-30 DEG C; the basket fish fries are captured when the water temperature of the pond is 13-14 DEG C. The method is simple in technology, easy to operate, low in cost, low in labor intensity, and high in work efficiency; the quantity of the macroalgaes in the stichopus japonicas culture pond can be eliminated and controlled; the yield and the quality of stichopus japonicas cultivation are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to control in mariculture the technical field of tangleweed, specifically a kind of method of controlling tangleweed in apostichopus japonicus culture pond.
Background technology
Stichopus japonicus has medical value, is also nourishing good merchantable brand, and its market demand is huge.In the process of apostichopus japonicus culture, in spring and summer apostichopus japonicus culture pond in the season pool, can grow a large amount of, multiple tangleweed.Tangleweed mainly contains Enteromorpha, bristle algae, the continuous, Shi of water Water-shield etc., the most serious with the harm of Enteromorpha, bristle algae and water silk floss; Enteromorpha suitable growth water temperature is 12～25 ℃, and reproduction speed is fast, and individual little stichopus japonicus enters in the Enteromorpha algae clump of numerous life, can be suffocated.Enteromorpha covers on stichopus japonicus at the bottom of sinking to pond after decaying, and stichopus japonicus can suffocate, and can seriously ruin pool bottom environment and water quality, the indexs such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulphide are sharply raise, cause that stichopus japonicus is poisoning, change skin, swollen mouth, do not descend beach, the illness such as do not ingest, cause stichopus japonicus mortality.15～30 ℃ of bristle algae suitable growth water temperatures, growth time is long, the megathermal period is not dead, medicine is killed difficulty, decay and death after can bring out stichopus japonicus various diseases.15～25 ℃ of the continuous suitable growth water temperatures of water, as large cotton mass, masses of growth, breeds and can be bulk when vigorous and float to the cultivating pool water surface, decay and death after can bring out stichopus japonicus various diseases.Above-mentioned tangleweed is the harmful organisms of stichopus japonicus.Annual water temperature rising in spring, the tangleweed meeting Fast-propagation in pond, consumes nutritive salt, oxygen in the water of pond, and tangleweed can cover, stichopus japonicus is wound around, suffocates.Marine alga produces toxin while rotting, the harmful substances such as cultivating pool bottom ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulphide are sharply raise, thereby bring out stichopus japonicus various diseases, the lighter stichopus japonicus does not descend beach, growth rate is slow, occurs swollen mouth, tells intestines, changes the diseases such as skin, and severe one makes the ferrohemoglobin in stichopus japonicus blood be oxidized to ferrihemoglobin by it, the oxygen carrying capability that suppresses its blood, makes stichopus japonicus expiratory dyspnea, poisoning, death by suffocation.
Remove at present the method for tangleweed: the one, medicine is killed, it has following defect: 1, algae removal medicine all contains copper sulphate, copper sulphate is a kind of heavy metallic salt, has toxicity, to stichopus japonicus there will be poor growth, the bad reaction such as poor, the anti-adversity ability reduction of ingesting; The copper ion residence time is long, and use also can cause the metal poisoning of stichopus japonicus body continuously.2, after tangleweed is killed, sink at the bottom of pond and decompose generation toxin after death, ruin water quality, easily cause poisoning, the swollen mouth of stichopus japonicus, change skin, tell the illnesss such as intestines, cause stichopus japonicus dead.3, apply algae removal medicine and also can kill the unit cell algae in pond, Chi Shuihui is limpider, and is difficult to rich water again; Due to the increase of transparency, the reproduction speed of tangleweed is accelerated, at the bottom of tangleweed can spread all over whole culturing pool again after two weeks.The 2nd, manually skim marine alga, its workload is large, and cost is high, skims effect undesirable.Tangleweed is increasing to the harm of apostichopus japonicus culture, becomes primary " killer " of restriction apostichopus japonicus culture industry development.Seeking a kind of method of nuisanceless, ecological, healthy removing and control tangleweed, and reach the effect of the ecological balance in pond, is the matter of utmost importance that current apostichopus japonicus culture industry need to solve.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, solve the medium-and-large-sized marine alga excessive multiplication in apostichopus japonicus culture pond, cause that stichopus japonicus is poisoning, change skin, swollen mouth, do not descend the various disease conditions such as beach, poor growth, cause the problem of stichopus japonicus death, the underproduction, provide a kind of and reduce the aquaculture cost of stichopus japonicus, output and the quality of raising stichopus japonicus, and can gather in the crops the method for the interior tangleweed of control apostichopus japonicus culture pond of basket fish simultaneously.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method of controlling tangleweed in apostichopus japonicus culture pond, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) spring, early and middle ten days when pond water temperature reaches 5～7 ℃, applied inorganic fertilizer and carried out rich water in apostichopus japonicus culture pond April, and mu is executed 5～7 grams of inorganic fertilizers, makes pond Micro Algae density reach 500,000 cells/ml;
(2) the first tenday period of a month in May, when pond water temperature rise to 10～15 ℃, mu is executed 5～7 grams of inorganic fertilizers, 3～5 milliliters, low temperature resistant beneficial bacterium preparation, and in pond, the density of Micro Algae reaches 50～1,000,000 cells/ml;
(3) covering of the tangleweed in pond pond floor space reaches 25%, and filament length reaches 30 centimetres, manually skims the tangleweed in pond, and tangleweed covers pond floor space and is controlled at 8～10%, 10 centimetres of filament lengths;
(4) mid or late May, when pond water temperature is 17～20 ℃, in pond, puts basket fry and stichopus japonicus in a suitable place to breed and raise together with, put into basket fry 100～500 tails for every mu, simultaneously mu is executed 3～5 milliliters, beneficial bacterium preparation, the basket fry tangleweed of ingesting, and tangleweed covers pond floor space and is controlled at 8～10%;
(5) June～August, when pond water temperature reaches 26～30 ℃, manually skim the bristle algae of growth and decayed that to approach dead Enteromorpha, water continuous; Basket sashimi (raw fish) reaches 80～120 grams, 400～500 grams of the tangleweeds of ingesting every day, and tangleweed covers pond floor space and is controlled at 8～10%;
(6) late September, when pond sea water temperature is 23～25 ℃, basket sashimi (raw fish) reaches 120～180 grams, 500～600 grams of the tangleweeds of ingesting every day, and tangleweed covers pond floor space and is controlled at 8～10%;
(7) autumn, late October, when pond water temperature is 13～14 ℃, basket sashimi (raw fish) reaches 150～250 grams, fishes for results basket fish, and tangleweed poor growth, covers pond area control 0～10%;
(8) November to Second Year April, when pond water temperature is during at 0～12 ℃, tangleweed stops growing gradually, death.
Described manually skimming the tangleweed in pond, is first the water level in apostichopus japonicus culture pond to be reduced to 80～100 centimetres, does not expose the adherance in pond, with the son of grabbing made of iron, tangleweed in pond is pulled out;
Described inorganic fertilizer is carbon-free compound, and inorganic fertilizer is mineral fertilizer, and sodium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate etc. can be also urea, composite fertilizer etc.; Described beneficial bacterium preparation is photosynthetic bacteria, EM bacterium, bacillus etc., can be also nitrifying bacteria.
Step of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, cost is low, and labour intensity is low, and operating efficiency is high, can optimize and improve pond environment, reduce stichopus japonicus morbidity risk rate, can effectively improve cultured output and the quality of stichopus japonicus, gather in the crops basket fish in good time, increase the whole cultivation income in pond, every mu can increase benefit more than 3,000 yuan.
Embodiment:
Embodiment: a kind of method of controlling tangleweed in apostichopus japonicus culture pond, comprises the following steps:
(1) annual spring, April early and middle ten days, when apostichopus japonicus culture pond water temperature reaches 5～7 ℃, in pond, apply inorganic fertilizer and carry out rich water, mu is executed 5～7 grams of inorganic fertilizers, and inorganic fertilizer is carbon-free compound, and inorganic fertilizer is mineral fertilizer, can be sodium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate etc., can be also urea, composite fertilizer etc.; Make pond Micro Algae density reach 500,000 cells/ml;
(2) the first tenday period of a month in May, when pond water temperature rise to 10～15 ℃, mu is executed 5～7 grams of inorganic fertilizers, 3～5 milliliters, low temperature resistant beneficial bacterium preparation, and described beneficial bacterium preparation is photosynthetic bacteria, EM bacterium, bacillus etc., can be also nitrifying bacteria; Beneficial bacterium is owing to can suppressing pathogenic microorganism, regulate stichopus japonicus intestine microenvironment, strengthening culturing stichopus japonicus immunity, and environmental protection, can make the density of Micro Algae in pond reach 50～1,000,000 cells/ml;
(3) covering of the tangleweed in pond pond floor space reaches 25%, and filament length reaches 30 centimetres, manually skims the tangleweed in pond, and tangleweed covers pond floor space and is controlled at 8～10%, 10 centimetres of filament lengths; Described manually skimming the tangleweed in pond, is first the water level in apostichopus japonicus culture pond to be reduced to 80～100 centimetres, does not expose the adherance in pond, with the son of grabbing made of iron, tangleweed in pond is pulled out.
(4) mid or late May, when pond water temperature is 17～20 ℃, in pond, puts basket fry and stichopus japonicus in a suitable place to breed and raise together with, put into basket fry 100～500 tails for every mu, simultaneously mu is executed 3～5 milliliters, beneficial bacterium preparation, the basket fry tangleweed of ingesting, and tangleweed covers pond floor space and is controlled at 8～10%; Basket fish is herbivorous fishes, the basket fish tangleweed stichopus japonicus that do not ingest that ingests, when nutritive salt is too high in pond, can change into ammonia nitrogen, nitrite etc., suppress stichopus japonicus growth, tangleweed absorbs nutritive salt growth, and basket fish ingests after tangleweed, the ight soil of discharging can promote as the bait of stichopus japonicus stichopus japonicus growth, the quantity and the basic condition that according to apostichopus japonicus culture pond tangleweed, grow, raise together with the basket fish of some, can make the optimum ecological balance of formation in apostichopus japonicus culture pond.
(5) June～August, when pond water temperature reaches 26～30 ℃, the continuous reproduction speed of Enteromorpha in tangleweed and water slows down, death gradually can decay between the megathermal period, manually skim the bristle algae of growth and decayed and approach dead Enteromorpha, water silk floss, the harmful substances such as the ammonia nitrogen of minimizing pond bottom, nitrite, hydrogen sulphide, prevent from bringing out stichopus japonicus various diseases.Ingest every day 400～500 grams of tangleweeds of basket fish simultaneously, tangleweed covers pond floor space and is controlled at 8～10%;
(6) late September, when pond sea water temperature is 23～25 ℃, basket sashimi (raw fish) reaches 120～180 grams, 500～600 grams of the tangleweeds of ingesting every day, the breeding of tangleweed can be subject to ingesting of a large amount of basket fishes, can effectively control tangleweed and cover pond floor space 8～10%;
(7) autumn, late October, when pond water temperature is 13～14 ℃, basket sashimi (raw fish) reaches 150～250 grams, fishes for results basket fish, and tangleweed poor growth, covers pond area control 0～10%;
(8) November to Second Year April, when pond water temperature is during at 0～12 ℃, tangleweed stops growing gradually, death.
Step of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, and cost is low, and labour intensity is low, and operating efficiency is high, can optimize and improve pond environment, reduces stichopus japonicus morbidity risk rate, can effectively improve output and the quality of stichopus japonicus.Basket fish is herbivorous fishes, the moss that the ingests stichopus japonicus that do not ingest, in pond, the too high meeting of nutritive salt changes into the growth that ammonia nitrogen, nitrite etc. suppress stichopus japonicus, and tangleweed absorbs nutritive salt growth, basket fish eats tangleweed, and the ight soil of discharge can promote as the bait of stichopus japonicus stichopus japonicus growth.In apostichopus japonicus culture pond, raise together with basket fish and form the optimum ecological balance, manually skim tangleweed in good time and can effectively control tangleweed quantity in apostichopus japonicus culture pond, at the bottom of reducing pond, pollute, formed nuisanceless, ecological, healthy aquaculture model, increase the whole cultivation income of apostichopus japonicus culture pond.
Claims (4)
1. a method of controlling tangleweed in apostichopus japonicus culture pond, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) spring, early and middle ten days when pond water temperature reaches 5～7 ℃, applied inorganic fertilizer and carried out rich water in apostichopus japonicus culture pond April, and mu is executed 5～7 grams of inorganic fertilizers, makes pond Micro Algae density reach 500,000 cells/ml;
(2) the first tenday period of a month in May, when pond water temperature rise to 10～15 ℃, mu is executed 5～7 grams of inorganic fertilizers, 3～5 milliliters, low temperature resistant beneficial bacterium preparation, and in pond, the density of Micro Algae reaches 50～1,000,000 cells/ml;
(3) covering of the tangleweed in pond pond floor space reaches 25%, and filament length reaches 30 centimetres, manually skims the tangleweed in pond, and tangleweed covers pond floor space and is controlled at 8～10%, 10 centimetres of filament lengths;
(4) mid or late May, when pond water temperature is 17～20 ℃, in pond, puts basket fry and stichopus japonicus in a suitable place to breed and raise together with, put into basket fry 100～500 tails for every mu, simultaneously mu is executed 3～5 milliliters, beneficial bacterium preparation, the basket fry tangleweed of ingesting, and tangleweed covers pond floor space and is controlled at 8～10%;
(5) June～August, when pond water temperature reaches 26～30 ℃, manually skim the bristle algae of growth and decayed that to approach dead Enteromorpha, water continuous; Basket sashimi (raw fish) reaches 80～120 grams, 400～500 grams of the tangleweeds of ingesting every day, and tangleweed covers pond floor space and is controlled at 8～10%;
(6) late September, when pond sea water temperature is 23～25 ℃, basket sashimi (raw fish) reaches 120～180 grams, 500～600 grams of the tangleweeds of ingesting every day, and tangleweed covers pond floor space and is controlled at 8～10%;
(7) autumn, late October, when pond water temperature is 13～14 ℃, basket sashimi (raw fish) reaches 150～250 grams, fishes for results basket fish, and tangleweed poor growth, covers pond area control 0～10%;
(8) November to Second Year April, when pond water temperature is during at 0～12 ℃, tangleweed stops growing, death.
2. the method for tangleweed in control apostichopus japonicus culture pond according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the described tangleweed in pond that manually skims, first the water level in apostichopus japonicus culture pond to be reduced to 80～100 centimetres, do not expose the adherance in pond, with the son of grabbing made of iron, tangleweed in pond is pulled out.
3. the method for tangleweed in control apostichopus japonicus culture pond according to claim 1, is characterized in that described inorganic fertilizer is carbon-free compound, sodium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, composite fertilizer etc.
4. the method for tangleweed in control apostichopus japonicus culture pond according to claim 1, is characterized in that described beneficial bacterium preparation is photosynthetic bacteria, EM bacterium, bacillus etc., can be also nitrifying bacteria.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN105900880A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-08-31 | 山东省友发水产有限公司 | Method for ecologically breeding stichopus japonica, siganus oramin and jellyfishes in pond of Yellow River delta area |
| CN106332814A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-18 | 青岛润物源生物科技有限公司 | Fully-ecological holothurian cultivation method |
| CN106754242A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 大连海洋大学 | Benthic diatom cultivate pond and carry out stichopus japonicus using the pond, the method that sea urchin seedling is raised together with |
| CN108651340A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-10-16 | 烟台市水产研究所 | A kind of ecological preventing control method of apostichopus japonicus culture pond macro excessive multiplication |
| CN109511588A (en) * | 2017-09-17 | 2019-03-26 | 东营市海洋经济发展研究院 | The apostichopus japonicus culture pond bioelectric detecting technology of siganus guttatus regulation macro |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105900880A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-08-31 | 山东省友发水产有限公司 | Method for ecologically breeding stichopus japonica, siganus oramin and jellyfishes in pond of Yellow River delta area |
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| CN106754242A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 大连海洋大学 | Benthic diatom cultivate pond and carry out stichopus japonicus using the pond, the method that sea urchin seedling is raised together with |
| CN109511588A (en) * | 2017-09-17 | 2019-03-26 | 东营市海洋经济发展研究院 | The apostichopus japonicus culture pond bioelectric detecting technology of siganus guttatus regulation macro |
| CN108651340A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-10-16 | 烟台市水产研究所 | A kind of ecological preventing control method of apostichopus japonicus culture pond macro excessive multiplication |
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Application publication date: 20140226 |