CN109511588A - The apostichopus japonicus culture pond bioelectric detecting technology of siganus guttatus regulation macro - Google Patents
The apostichopus japonicus culture pond bioelectric detecting technology of siganus guttatus regulation macro Download PDFInfo
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- CN109511588A CN109511588A CN201710836673.4A CN201710836673A CN109511588A CN 109511588 A CN109511588 A CN 109511588A CN 201710836673 A CN201710836673 A CN 201710836673A CN 109511588 A CN109511588 A CN 109511588A
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- 241000317936 Siganus guttatus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 241000965254 Apostichopus japonicus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000728028 Kentrocapros rosapinto Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 9
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000015781 Dietary Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010010256 Dietary Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000927735 Penaeus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000003864 Umbilicaria pertusa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001148683 Zostera marina Species 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000704 bioconcentration Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021245 dietary protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FIKAKWIAUPDISJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L paraquat dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].C1=C[N+](C)=CC=C1C1=CC=[N+](C)C=C1 FIKAKWIAUPDISJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AAEVYOVXGOFMJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prometryn Chemical compound CSC1=NC(NC(C)C)=NC(NC(C)C)=N1 AAEVYOVXGOFMJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/30—Culture of aquatic animals of sponges, sea urchins or sea cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides the apostichopus japonicus culture pond bioelectric detecting technology of siganus guttatus regulation macro.Its technical solution are as follows: the technology is divided into two big steps: first step siganus guttatus large size seedling seed is cultivated, pass through the big specification siganus guttatus seed of nursery workshop overwintering culture, it is smaller to solve pond life regulation midpoint basket fish seed size, the problems such as algae density is indifferent, suitable temperature range is relatively narrow is controlled, siganus guttatus weed survival rate and specification are improved；The dispensing of second step siganus guttatus selects the siganus guttatus of appropriate specification to be invested in pond according to the type and density of macro in apostichopus japonicus culture pond.The invention has the advantages that: by launching siganus guttatus in apostichopus japonicus culture pond, construct apostichopus japonicus culture pond biological chain, a set of ecological balanced system is set up in perfection, the effective quantity for controlling macro in apostichopus japonicus culture pond rapidly, play the role of regulating water quality, constructing is suitable for stichopus japonicus growing environment；And the water body level for efficiently using apostichopus japonicus culture pond brings new growth engines as the mixed breeding kind of Apostichopus japonicus in Ponds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the stichopus japonicus of apostichopus japonicus culture environment remediation technical field, especially siganus guttatus regulation macro to support
Grow bioelectric detecting technology.
Background technique
Delta Region of The Yellow River apostichopus japonicus culture industry is quickly grown, and cultured area constantly expands, and pond culture area has been at present
More than 300,000 mu.But the rainy equal bad weathers of summer high temperature cause the stichopus japonicus underproduction to be always one big in city's apostichopus japonicus culture industry
Problem, the rainy weather of the continuous high temperature of summer in 2013 cause the macro of apostichopus japonicus culture pond bottom, weeds, phytoplankton
Dead Deng rapid corruption, ammonia nitrogen, sulfide largely escape, and bottom fever, bottom water body generates temperature difference tomography, blocked dissolved oxygen friendship
It changes, results in stichopus japonicus fast skin, raiser's economic benefit reduces, and causes very big influence to the apostichopus japonicus culture in the city.Therefore,
It explores and how to evade summer cultivation risk, increase economic benefit, promote industry benign development, be the master that city's stichopus japonicus industry faces
Want problem.In order to reduce influence of the bad weathers such as summer high temperature to apostichopus japonicus culture, the city has carried out stichopus japonicus successively in recent years
The algae transplant experiments such as pond Zostera marina, fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts, the climing algae of U. pertusa and river achieve certain effect, keep in stichopus japonicus pond
The macro of suitable density can play purification pond water quality, prevent harmful algae mass propagation, provide sheltered situation for stichopus japonicus
Reduce the effect of pond water temperature simultaneously with bait.But algae density control is bad, undue growth especially summer high temperature when it is dead
It is putrid and deteriorated to will lead to water quality deterioration, to influence culture efficiency, therefore how to control algae and play tune in a suitable density
The effect of water-saving matter is need to solve the problems, such as.In the previous production process in vast apostichopus japonicus culture family, summer is high in order to prevent
The corruption such as warm macro, weeds is dead to generate harm to stichopus japonicus, guarantees herbicide effect, often launches the agriculture of a large amount of even excess
With herbicide, but this herbicide not only kills macro and weeds, at the same together in pond fish, shrimp, beneficial to algae
Class is killed together, and not only generating strong stress to the stichopus japonicus in pond influences its speed of growth, also seriously destroys pond
The ecological balance in the pool, and its residual life, is long, and aquatic animals and plants and people are generated with long-term potential threat.For ecological regulation and control
Macro in pond starts to introduce herbivorous fishes siganus guttatus, but siganus guttatus is a kind of tropic fishes, thermophilic
Range is relatively narrow, can only start to launch 2-3cm siganus guttatus seed in annual mid-May, because specification is less than normal, food ration is low, launches
The effect is unsatisfactory for its food grass after entering apostichopus japonicus culture pond, and the siganus guttatus of big specification is because the place of production is in Guangdong, Fujian, Hainan etc.
Southern torrid areas, far away, the long-distance transport death rate is high, and cost is excessively high to be not suitable for promoting.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind can control macro density in apostichopus japonicus culture pond, avoids it excessively
The apostichopus japonicus culture of the putrid and deteriorated siganus guttatus regulation macro for leading to water quality deterioration of mortality when being grown in summer high temperature
Bioelectric detecting technology.
Its technical solution are as follows: bioelectric detecting technology is divided to two big steps: first step siganus guttatus large size seedling seed is cultivated, and is passed through
The big specification siganus guttatus seed of nursery workshop overwintering culture, solution pond life regulation midpoint basket fish seed size is smaller, control
The problems such as algae density processed is indifferent, suitable temperature range is relatively narrow improves siganus guttatus weed survival rate and specification；Second beans-and bullets shooter basket
The dispensing of sub- fish selects the siganus guttatus of appropriate specification to launch according to the type and density of macro in apostichopus japonicus culture pond
In pond.
It is best that siganus guttatus specification grows to 10cm-15cm, can rapidly control macro in apostichopus japonicus culture pond
Quantity.
When macro coverage rate is 50% in pond, best throw-in density is 15-20 tail/mu.
Pond water temperature control system is in 20-23 degree.
The invention has the advantages that: by launching siganus guttatus, building apostichopus japonicus culture pond biology in apostichopus japonicus culture pond
A set of ecological balanced system is set up in chain, perfection, and the effective quantity for controlling macro in apostichopus japonicus culture pond, is played rapidly
Regulating water quality constructs the effect of suitable stichopus japonicus growing environment；And the water body level for efficiently using apostichopus japonicus culture pond, as thorn
The mixed breeding kind for joining pond culture, brings new growth engines.
Specific embodiment
Siganus guttatus regulates and controls the apostichopus japonicus culture pond bioelectric detecting technology of macro, and bioelectric detecting technology is divided to two big steps
Rapid: first step siganus guttatus large size seedling seed is cultivated, and by the big specification siganus guttatus seed of nursery workshop overwintering culture, solves pond
The problems such as pool bioelectric detecting midpoint basket fish seed size is smaller, and control algae density is indifferent, suitable temperature range is relatively narrow is improved
Siganus guttatus weed survival rate and specification；The dispensing of second step siganus guttatus, according to the kind of macro in apostichopus japonicus culture pond
Class and density select the siganus guttatus of appropriate specification to be invested in pond.It is best that siganus guttatus specification grows to 10cm-15cm,
The quantity of macro in apostichopus japonicus culture pond can rapidly be controlled.When macro coverage rate is 50% in pond, most preferably
Throw-in density is 15-20 tail/mu.Pond water temperature control system is in 20-23 degree.
Embodiment 1:
1, siganus guttatus large size seedling seed is cultivated
(1) overwintering pond primary condition of keeping a full stand of seedings
Pond keep a full stand of seedings for brick, cement structures, four angles of square facilitate pool inner water to flow to be arc-shaped.Pond size of keeping a full stand of seedings is 25m2,
Depth is 1.0m or so, and bottom of pond is at pot bottom-shape, if Central Drainage mouth, replaceable blowdown net is set at discharge outlet.Chi Zhongshe air charging system,
Uninterrupted oxygenation in 24 hours.
(2) condition of water quality
Keep a full stand of seedings pond with water be by sand filter natural sea-water, pH variation range be 8.1~8.3, salinity 25 ‰ -28 ‰, water quality symbol
Water quality standard for fishery requirement.
(3) seedling is put
On May 18th, 2016, from 40,000 tail of Shui Ke institute, aquatic products research institute, base, Hainan, East Sea point of purchase basket fry kind, the long 2- of body
3cm or so is launched in 2 ponds of keeping a full stand of seedings, and throw-in density is 800 tails/m2, pool inner water of keeping a full stand of seedings deep 80 ㎝, 20 DEG C of water temperature, salinity
26‰.Plastics oxygen bag conveying method is taken in seed transport, per packed 2000 tail of fry, first from Hainan air transportion to Jinan airport, then
Kept a full stand of seedings workshop with vehicle transport to Shandong Hua Chun fishery Co., Ltd, in total used time 10 hours, survival rate 100%.
(4) daily management
1. water temperature.When siganus guttatus is that tropical fingerling water temperature is lower than 24 DEG C, food ration is substantially reduced, in the big specification seedling of siganus guttatus
It is noted that controlling pool inner water temperature of keeping a full stand of seedings when kind is cultivated, when not needing control water temperature when natural temperature is higher than 20 DEG C, work as Natural Water
When temperature is lower than 20 DEG C, pool inner water temperature of keeping a full stand of seedings need to be controlled, starts to heat from October 15, geothermal well cycling hot water law is taken to control pond
Interior water temperature is at 20-23 DEG C.
2. bait feeding.
Before dividing pond for the first time, the small fish PP Pipe Compound of Qingdao Jie Hai feed corporation,Ltd production is fed, is fed daily 3 times, raised
Expect protein level >=42%, fat level >=3%, morning, noon, dusk are each primary, feed every time until fish reaches and is satiated with food, often
Day feeding volume is the 1%-2% of fish body weight；Chi Houhuan is divided to feed Ningbo branch company, Ningbo Tianbang Co., Ltd for the first time raw
No. 1 mixed feed of Penaeus Vannmei of production, dietary protein level >=42%, fat level >=3% are fed 2 times daily, the noon,
Each at dusk primary, every day feeding volume is the 1%-2% of fish body weight.
3. changing water.The depth of water is controlled in 80cm or so, changes water 1/2 daily.
4. dividing pond.As the specification of siganus guttatus becomes larger, carry out in siganus guttatus specification fish average out to 3cm and 7cm
Divide pond twice, in pond siganus guttatus density is respectively 400 tails/m2With 160 tails/m2。
5. sterilizing.It is sterilized 1 time with formaldehyde within every 10 days.Water in pond is discharged to add 200ml formalin to 30 ㎝, change after 60min
Chi Zhongshui is added to 80cm by water.
2, the crop field of big specification siganus guttatus is launched
By the cultivation of one-year age, siganus guttatus specification grows to 10cm-15cm, according to macro in apostichopus japonicus culture pond
Type and density, select the siganus guttatus of appropriate specification to be invested in pond, in pond macro density decision put in a suitable place to breed
The density and harvest dynamics of siganus guttatus seed.
Select 50 mu at Shandong Hua Chun fishery Co., Ltd's holothruian cultures base three of apostichopus japonicus culture on May 10th, 2017
Pond, pond number is respectively No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, and macro coverage rate is 50%, and macro average height >=
45cm, respectively launch 10cm-15cm 500 tail of siganus guttatus, 1000 tails, 2000 tails, throw-in density be 10 tails/mu,
20 tails/mu, 40 tails/mu.
After launching siganus guttatus two weeks, macro average height≤20cm in No. 1 stichopus japonicus pond, after 2 months, stichopus japonicus
Macro coverage rate≤35% in pond, average height≤20cm.By September beginning catching siganus guttatus on the 10th, stichopus japonicus pond
Interior macro coverage rate≤25%, average height≤10cm harvest 783 jin of siganus guttatus of 23cm or so specification altogether.
After launching siganus guttatus two weeks, macro average height≤20cm in No. 2 stichopus japonicus ponds, after 2 months, stichopus japonicus
Macro coverage rate≤30% in pond, average height≤15cm.By September beginning catching siganus guttatus on the 10th, stichopus japonicus pond
Interior macro coverage rate≤20%, average height≤10cm harvest 1551 jin of siganus guttatus of 23cm or so specification altogether.
After launching siganus guttatus two weeks, macro average height≤15cm in No. 3 stichopus japonicus ponds, after 2 months, stichopus japonicus
Macro coverage rate≤5% in pond, average height≤5cm.By in September beginning catching siganus guttatus on the 10th, stichopus japonicus pond
Macro coverage rate≤1%, average height≤3cm harvest 2690 jin of siganus guttatus of 19cm or so specification altogether.
Test proves that the siganus guttatus for launching big specification can rapidly control the number of macro in apostichopus japonicus culture pond
Amount.When macro coverage rate is 50% in pond, best throw-in density is 15-20 tail/mu, macro can be maintained to exist
One suitable density not only undue growth but also will not be unlikely to all to be eaten up by siganus guttatus.When large-scale in apostichopus japonicus culture pond
When algae coverage rate difference, throw-in density should accordingly change.
The present invention has many advantages compared with prior art and good effect:
One, existing sea pond control grass class method is mostly to launch the organophosphorus agents such as chemical classes herbicide prometryn, paraquat,
Harmfulness is larger, shows themselves in that residual life is long, has bioconcentration, constitutes potential threat to aquatic animal and people；The good and the bad is not
Point, effect is killed in the presence of strong to aquatic all kinds of plants and aquatic microorganisms, seriously destroys the ecological balance.And pass through release position
Basket fish constructs apostichopus japonicus culture pond biological chain, and a set of ecological balanced system, effective regulating water quality are set up in perfection, and nothing is appointed
What bio-safety harm.
Two, the big specification siganus guttatus of overwintering culture, launching big specification siganus guttatus can be big in more rapid control pond
It is high to solve the problems, such as that length transports the big specification siganus guttatus death rate for the density of type algae.
Three, apostichopus japonicus culture pond single variety can not only regulate and control water quality by launching siganus guttatus, and building stichopus japonicus is good
Growing environment, as edible economic fish, siganus guttatus is also good breed variety, efficiently use apostichopus japonicus culture pond
The water body level on the pool, brings good economic benefit.
Claims (4)
1. the apostichopus japonicus culture pond bioelectric detecting technology of siganus guttatus regulation macro, it is characterised in that: the technology is divided into two
Big step: first step siganus guttatus large size seedling seed is cultivated, and passes through the big specification siganus guttatus seed of nursery workshop overwintering culture, solution
The problems such as certainly pond life regulation midpoint basket fish seed size is smaller, and control algae density is indifferent, suitable temperature range is relatively narrow,
Improve siganus guttatus weed survival rate and specification；The dispensing of second step siganus guttatus, according to macro in apostichopus japonicus culture pond
Type and density, select the siganus guttatus of appropriate specification to be invested in pond.
2. the apostichopus japonicus culture pond bioelectric detecting technology of siganus guttatus regulation macro according to claim 1, special
Sign is: siganus guttatus specification grows to that 10cm-15cm is best, can rapidly control macro in apostichopus japonicus culture pond
Quantity.
3. the apostichopus japonicus culture pond bioelectric detecting technology of siganus guttatus regulation macro according to claim 1 or 2,
Be characterized in that: when macro coverage rate is 50% in pond, throw-in density is 15-20 tail/mu.
4. the apostichopus japonicus culture pond bioelectric detecting technology of siganus guttatus regulation macro according to claim 1 or 2,
Be characterized in that: pond water temperature control system is in 20-23 degree.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN111387101A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-07-10 | 广西中医药大学 | Cement pond ecological polyculture method for stichopus japonicus offspring seeds and sipunculus nudus |
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Application publication date: 20190326 |