CN103493666B - Method for cultivating potted honeysuckles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating potted honeysuckles. The method includes the steps of selecting nursery stocks of tree-shaped honeysuckles in spring, conducting transplantation after preprocessing is conducted, spraying chlormequat chloride to the plants every 8 days to 12 days after the height of erupted shoots ranges from 4cm to 7cm, continuously conducting spraying for 4 times to 6 times, applying phosphatic fertilizers instead of nitrogenous fertilizers in the growing period, dressing phosphorus-potassium fertilizers after main branches and lateral branches are shaped and before flower bud formation is achieved, dressing the phosphorus-potassium fertilizers after flowers wither and fall, thoroughly conducting watering only when soil is dry, timely removing winder water sprouts and thin and weak branch buds unable to flower in the growing period, conducting pinching on strong branches, shearing off an axial root after a truck is shaped, reserving lateral roots and fibrous roots as many as possible, cutting off the upper portion of the trunk, conducting clipping before germinating during winter to the next year, reserving 3 to 5 main branches, reserving 2 to 3 buds on each branch, and wiping out all the other branches and tendrils. The main branches and the lateral branches are dwarfed, prevented from overgrowing, made to be thick and solid and lignified through fertilizer control, water control, utilization of the chlormequat chloride, timely pinching and bud picking and proper training and pruning.

Description

The cultivation method of a kind of potted plant honeysuckle

Technical field

The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, be specifically related to the cultivation method of a kind of potted plant honeysuckle.

Background technology

Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb) has another name called FLOSLONICERAE, honeysuckle, is the evergreen liane of Caprifoliaceae half.Originate in China, be distributed in most area, China north and south, property happiness light, also resistance to shade, extremely cold-resistant (low temperature of-10 DEG C can be tolerated).Its flower, fruit (seed), leaf, rattan, root all can be used as medicine, and having the multiple efficacies such as clearing heat and detoxicating, is the best especially with bud.At present, research both domestic and external confirms, the effects such as honeysuckle has broad-spectrum antiseptic, antiviral, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory, cholagogic protect the liver, lipopenicillinase, is widely used in the too fat to move toxication for the treatment of pestilence, enteritis, bacillary dysentery, measles, parotitis, enteric infectious disease etc. clinically.

Meanwhile, honeysuckle is also the liane that look perfume has both, and is applicable to the vertical greening of flower stand, barrier, is also attachable to mountain stone, hillside fields and limes marginis and does ground cover plant.Because it is with a slim and graceful figure, rattan curls up naturally, and root is done peculiar, and honeysuckle also can be passed through cultivation, prune, art processing such as pricking shaping of coiling, and carefully cultivates and manages for indoor appreciation greening, can yet be regarded as integrate view and admire, medicinal good gardening pot flowers.

Current honeysuckle mainly contains two large cultivated forms, i.e. tendril type and tree-shaped.The branches and tendrils of tendril type honeysuckle kind have feature and the Climb characteristic of fast growth, and its stem is general comparatively elongated, and tree-like being difficult to controls, easy appearance saves length, spends few phenomenon, therefore, make spend more, grand honeysuckle is potted plant, must take some measures.And Tree honeysuckle kind is morphologically tree-shaped due to it, in cultivation, do not need attachment to climb up by holding on to thing, therefore than tendril type honeysuckle kind, there is application prospect widely.

The Chinese patent literature being CN 103202150A as notification number discloses a kind of honeysuckle Pruning and rectifying cultivation method, the 1st year after cultivation, when trunk height is at 30 ~ 40cm, cut off the top tip, promote that sprouting of lateral bud becomes branch, after rudiment in spring in 2nd year, to select and remain on trunk top 4 ~ 5, sturdy branch, shoot stays 4 ~ 5 bud joints, old strain is no more than 3 bud joints as major branch, 5 ~ 6 pairs of buds are retained from the one-level branch that major branch grows, cut off top, after again from the second branch that one-level branch grows retain 6 ~ 7 pairs of buds, cut off top, again from the spray that second branch grows, pluck the tender tip of hook-shaped shape, the joint sprouted in second branch or on original old branch is close and short, the sprout that leaf is thin is all sprays, retained.

But in the cultivation of the potted plant honeysuckle of tree-shaped, also there are some problems, be mainly manifested in: the object of Common Cultivation Tree honeysuckle is the honeysuckle obtaining high yield, and therefore tree crown is all comparatively large, and Ye great Hua is many, branch is not often burdened with and face of throwing oneself on the ground of hanging down, and tree-shaped very unsightly.Because trunk is comparatively tall and big, even if good, the bijou potted plant honeysuckle of tree-shaped also cannot be obtained after pruning the branch in face of throwing oneself on the ground of hanging down.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides the cultivation method of a kind of potted plant honeysuckle, trunk and the side shoot of the honeysuckle utilizing this cultivation method to obtain all downgraded, sturdy and not excessive growth, potted plant tree-shaped is short and small attractive in appearance.

A cultivation method for potted plant honeysuckle, comprising:

(1) select transplantation of seedlings: the nursery stock choosing Tree honeysuckle kind spring, transplant after pretreatment;

The present invention with Tree honeysuckle kind for cultivation object, as nine rich No. one, No. tri-, golden flower etc., the nursery stock chosen answers well developed root system, and form is sturdy, tree-like short and small compact, internode thick and short close, shrink transition nature.Honeysuckle well developed root system, sprout tillers ability is strong, and sowing, cuttage, propagation by layering and tissue cultures can be borrowed to obtain a large amount of seedling in a short time; But the seedling obtained in such ways is all comparatively small and weak, potted plant fabrication cycle can be made too very long, be unfavorable for that directly going up basin cultivates.Therefore, the seedling age of described nursery stock is preferably life in 3 years above (at this moment height of seedling is about 25 ~ 45cm), and the nursery stock of this seedling age has possessed certain tree-like, and potted plant honeysuckle can be made shaping rapidly.

Pretreatment is carried out to the nursery stock chosen, namely the acrial part of nursery stock is pruned, retain trunk and 1 ~ 2 major branch; Completely again after pretreatment take root system, transplant.Pretreatment be in order to avoid nursery stock dug out after, transplant the dehydration because transpiration is too strong before engagement, before therefore transplanting engagement, nursery stock can be put into cloth bag and put into water and soak.

Be preferable over and transplant March in spring, potted plant soil can be mixed by weight 6:3.5 ~ 4.5:1 ~ 1.5 by yellow mud, wooden chaff, Chicken dung, preferably by weight 6:4:1 mixing.The flower seedling depth and place of planting should be determined according to the needs of basin alms bowl and moulding; New upper the potted plant of basin should slowly be watered, and till basin water flows out on a small quantity from bottom, then moves to half shady place, keeps basin soil moistening.

(2) dwarfing cultivation: after shoot eruption 4 ~ 7cm, sprayed chlormequat every 8 ~ 12 days to plant, spray 4 ~ 6 times continuously;

Preferably spray 1 time every 10 days, spray 5 times continuously; As preferably, the spraying concentration of chlormequat is 1000 ~ 2000ppm, sprays 20 ~ 30mL at every turn.Preferably in the afternoon spray at fine day, concrete spraying concentration and the size of the amount of spraying depending on nursery stock; Spray chlormequat and can suppress the climing prosperous length of stem, downgrade tree-like.

(3) rich water quality management: at not nitrogen fertilizer application in vegetative period, applies phosphate fertilizer, and before trunk and the shaping rear flower_bud formation of side shoot, flower imposes phosphorus potash fertilizer after withering; The Shi Bugan that waters does not water, and waters, and irrigates;

For restriction shoot growth, control tree-like, increase flower amount, the inventive method have employed following measures:

A, plant is not allowed to drench with rain, should by potted plant immigration lew time rainy, whole employing is manually watered, and grasps " dry do not water, water, irrigate " when watering;

B, in vegetative period, Shaoshi or not nitrogen fertilizer application, to apply phosphate fertilizer;

In the present invention, before after mainly referring to basin vegetative period, plant survives rear first batch of flower_bud formation and first batch of flower wither these two periods before rear second batch of flower_bud formation, be advisable to apply a phosphate fertilizer in each period, can take the circumstances into consideration to execute the cake fertilizer that once becomes thoroughly decomposed;

C, before trunk and the shaping rear flower_bud formation of side shoot, impose phosphorus potash fertilizer, to promote flower_bud formation, increase flower amount;

In the present invention, trunk diameter is 2 ~ 3cm, side shoot length is shaping when being 12 ~ 15cm;

Impose phosphorus potash fertilizer (thin fertilizer) after d, flower wither again, and suitable pinching is carried out to new branch, to impel the sprouting of second batch of bud;

Described phosphorus potash fertilizer can select 0.15% ~ 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and be preferably 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, applying mode is foliage-spray; Sprayed 1 time every 1 ~ 2 week before trunk and the shaping rear flower_bud formation of side shoot, spray 2 ~ 3 times continuously, spray 80 ~ 100mL at every turn; Sprayed 1 time every 15 ~ 20 days after flower withers, spray 1 ~ 2 time continuously, spray 80 ~ 100mL at every turn;

Potassium dihydrogen phosphate spray repeatedly be advisable on a small quantity, as preferably, sprayed 1 time every 1 week before trunk and the shaping rear flower_bud formation of side shoot, spray 3 times continuously, spray 80mL at every turn; Sprayed 1 time every 15 days after flower withers, spray 2 times continuously, spray 80mL at every turn.

By suitably controlling fertilizer, control water in the course of cultivation, twig excessive growth can be prevented, impel stem climing aging, shortened internodes, tree-like dwarfing.

(4) pruning: the excessive growth twig of erasing prehensile in vegetative period in time, and the thin and weak twig that impotentia is bloomed, and pinching is carried out to enriching shoot; After trunk is shaping, cut off main root, many reservation side roots and fibrous root, clip the top of trunk, controlled by plant height at 45 ~ 60cm as far as possible; Prune before sprouting to next year in the winter time, stay 3 ~ 5 major branches, every is stayed 2 ~ 3 buds, and other branches and tendrils are all wiped out.

While control fertilizer, control water, use chlormequat, pinching bud picking must be carried out in time, then coordinate suitable pruning, can obtain better tree-like.

Wherein, the excessive growth twig of prehensile generally grows comparatively vigorous, and timely bud picking can avoid its upset tree-like; Erase thin and weak twig that impotentia blooms both can beautify and tree-likely also can increase potted plant ventilation and penetrating light rate, the sprout (spray that can normally bloom) that only reserve section is close and short, leaf is thin, and pinching is carried out to eugonic enriching shoot; Prune when branch grows up to about 20cm Shi Ying, remove apical dominance, make branch growth even.

After trunk is shaping, plant is dug out Cong Pen Portland, cuts off main root, as far as possible many reservation side roots and fibrous root; Clip the top of trunk simultaneously, coordinate the unnecessary side shoot that prunes away, plant height is controlled at 45 ~ 60cm.Before sprouting to next year in the winter time after the cultivation of a period of time, can carry out pruning sizing, generally stay 3 ~ 5 major branches, every is stayed 2 ~ 3 buds, and other branches and tendrils are all wiped out, and ensures that potted plant honeysuckle is shaping rapidly.

(5) repeat step (2)-(4) 3 ~ 4 times, obtain tree-like stable potted plant honeysuckle.

By above measure repeatedly repeatedly, make its trunk and each side shoot downgrade not excessive growth, sturdy lignification, through the cultivation of 3 ~ 4 years, tree-like stable potted plant honeysuckle can be obtained.

Potted plant honeysuckle should be placed on the more sufficient place growth of sunlight, needs slightly to cover shade, avoid high light direct projection between 7 ~ September of summer, in order to avoid tender leaf of burning, potted landscape can be moved into warm indoor wintering winter.

Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:

The present invention controls water by control is fertile in the course of cultivation, use chlormequat, timely pinching bud picking, and coordinate suitable pruning, its trunk and each side shoot is made to downgrade not excessive growth, sturdy lignification, thus transfer the Tree honeysuckle kind still with liana winding characteristic to brachyplast short dry, the potted plant honeysuckle of even, the stratose stunted brushwood type of branch.Can beautify the yard, decorate room, existing potted plant sight, can pluck bud again, with necessarily medicinal and edibility.

Embodiment

A cultivation method for potted plant honeysuckle, comprising:

(1) transplantation of seedlings is selected

This embodiment selects rich No. one of Tree honeysuckle kind nine to be cultivation object, early spring selects well developed root system to ground, gold and silver flower nursery, and form is sturdy, tree-like short and small compact, thick and short close more than 3 years or 3 years of internode, height of seedling are the nursery stock of 25 ~ 45cm, excavate after selected.

The method of excavating is: first adopt cutting strunk and store branch, moderate pruning overground part, retains trunk and 1 ~ 2 major branch; Then push topsoil aside, get the main root direction of growth clear, drawing near along main root tendency takes patiently and carefully.After nursery stock turn up, timely threading cloth bag is put into water and is soaked, and then transports back and plants.

In upper basin in March in spring, be transplanted in flowerpot by the lonicera japonica nursery stock chosen, transplant a strain in each flowerpot, potted plant soil is mixed by 6:4:1 by yellow mud, wooden chaff, Chicken dung, and the plant depth and place of planting is determined according to the needs of basin alms bowl and moulding; New upper the potted plant of basin is slowly watered, and till basin water flows out on a small quantity from bottom, then moves to half shady place, keeps basin soil moistening.

(2) dwarfing cultivation

During honeysuckle branch eruption 5 cm, in the afternoon spray 1000ppm chlormequat to plant in fine day, within every 10 days, spray l time, spray 5 times continuously, spray 30mL at every turn.

(3) rich water quality management

A, plant is not allowed to drench with rain, should by potted plant immigration lew time rainy, whole employing is manually watered, and grasps " dry do not water, water, irrigate " when watering;

B, in vegetative period, Shaoshi or not nitrogen fertilizer application, to apply phosphate fertilizer, can take the circumstances into consideration to execute the cake fertilizer that once becomes thoroughly decomposed; Phosphate fertilizer can ssp dnab, double superphosphate or ammonium phosphate;

C, reach 2 ~ 3cm at trunk diameter, side shoot length imposes 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate before reaching 12 ~ 15cm (shaping), flower_bud formation, and applying mode is foliage-spray, sprays 1 time every 1 week, sprays 3 times continuously, sprays 80mL at every turn;

D, after late May, flower withered, impose thin fertilizer again, this embodiment selects 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and applying mode is foliage-spray, sprays 1 time every 15 days, sprays 2 times continuously, sprays 80mL at every turn; And suitable pinching is carried out to shoot, to impel second batch of flower bud germination;

(4) pruning

A, in vegetative period, erase the excessive growth twig of prehensile in time, and the thin and weak twig that impotentia is bloomed, the sprout (can normally bloom) that only reserve section is close and short, leaf is thin, and pinching is carried out to eugonic enriching shoot; Prune when branch grows up to about 20cm Shi Ying, remove apical dominance, make branch growth even;

After b, trunk are shaping, plant are dug out Cong Pen Portland, cuts off main root, as far as possible many reservation side roots and fibrous root; Clip the top of trunk simultaneously, coordinate the unnecessary side shoot that prunes away, plant height is controlled at 45 ~ 60cm;

C, sprout to next year in the winter time after the cultivation of a period of time before, carry out pruning sizing, generally stay 3 ~ 5 major branches, every is stayed 2 ~ 3 buds, and other branches and tendrils are all wiped out.

(5) repeat step (2)-(4) 3 ~ 4 times, obtain tree-like stable potted plant honeysuckle.

Potted plant honeysuckle should be placed on the more sufficient place growth of sunlight, needs slightly to cover shade, avoid high light direct projection between 7 ~ September of summer, in order to avoid tender leaf of burning, potted landscape can be moved into warm indoor wintering winter.

Claims (1)

1. a cultivation method for potted plant honeysuckle, comprising:

(1) select transplantation of seedlings: the nursery stock choosing Tree honeysuckle kind spring, transplant after pretreatment;

The seedling age of described nursery stock is more than life in 3 years;

Described pretreatment is prune the acrial part of nursery stock, retains trunk and 1 ~ 2 major branch; Completely again after pretreatment take root system, transplant;

Transplant March in spring, potted plant soil is mixed by weight 6:3.5 ~ 4.5:1 ~ 1.5 by yellow mud, wooden chaff, Chicken dung;

(2) dwarfing cultivation: after shoot eruption 4 ~ 7cm, sprayed chlormequat every 8 ~ 12 days to plant, spray 4 ~ 6 times continuously;

The spraying concentration of chlormequat is 1000 ~ 2000ppm, sprays 20 ~ 30mL at every turn;

(3) rich water quality management: at not nitrogen fertilizer application in vegetative period, applies phosphate fertilizer, and before trunk and the shaping rear flower_bud formation of side shoot, flower imposes phosphorus potash fertilizer after withering; The Shi Bugan that waters does not water, and waters, and irrigates;

Trunk diameter is 2 ~ 3cm, side shoot length is shaping when being 12 ~ 15cm;

Described phosphorus potash fertilizer is 0.15% ~ 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and applying mode is foliage-spray;

Sprayed 1 hypophosphorous acid potassium dihydrogen solution every 1 ~ 2 week before trunk and the shaping rear flower_bud formation of side shoot, spray 2 ~ 3 times continuously, spray 80 ~ 100mL at every turn;

Sprayed 1 hypophosphorous acid potassium dihydrogen solution every 15 ~ 20 days after flower withers, spray 1 ~ 2 time continuously, spray 80 ~ 100mL at every turn;

(4) pruning: the excessive growth twig of erasing prehensile in vegetative period in time, and the thin and weak twig that impotentia is bloomed, and pinching is carried out to enriching shoot; After trunk is shaping, cut off main root, many reservation side roots and fibrous root, clip the top of trunk, controlled by plant height at 45 ~ 60cm as far as possible; Prune before sprouting to next year in the winter time, stay 3 ~ 5 major branches, every is stayed 2 ~ 3 buds, and other branches and tendrils are all wiped out;

(5) repeat step (2)-(4) 3 ~ 4 times, obtain tree-like stable potted plant honeysuckle.