CN103483074A - Edible mushroom culture material and production method thereof - Google Patents
Edible mushroom culture material and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103483074A CN103483074A CN201310418734.7A CN201310418734A CN103483074A CN 103483074 A CN103483074 A CN 103483074A CN 201310418734 A CN201310418734 A CN 201310418734A CN 103483074 A CN103483074 A CN 103483074A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an edible mushroom culture material and a production method of the edible mushroom culture material. The edible mushroom culture material comprises, by weight, 30-100 parts of Chinese medicine residues, 10-60 parts of sorghum shells, 5-50 parts of corn flour and 1-15 parts of quick lime. Through the steps of smashing, sterilization, inoculation, fruiting and managing, edible mushrooms are cultivated. The cultivated edible mushrooms are free of poison and innocuousness, has edible safety and can solve the problem of waste treatment and achieve successes on environment and economy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the food invention field, be specifically related to culture material and the production method of a kind of edible mushrooms.
Background technology
Edible mushrooms is a kind of nutritive ingredients such as each seed amino acid, VITAMIN, mineral substance, polysaccharide that are rich in, and has higher nutritive value and dietary function; That edible fungi polysaccharide has is anticancer, antitumor, antiviral, regulate the multiple efficacies such as immunity, and frequent edible can building up health reduced the content of Blood Cholesterol, reduce blood pressure etc., and be often edible foods of people, the huge market demand; Therefore, edible fungus culturing also is described as the sunrise industry of 21 century.
At present the method for culture material and culturing edible fungus is various, as Chinese Patent Application No. is 201010127250.3 just to have mentioned the culture material as edible mushrooms with Chinese medicine slag, cotton seed hulls, Semen Maydis powder, unslaked lime, nitrogenous fertilizer, potassium primary phosphate, Kemeiling, trace element and molysite; Used nitrogenous fertilizer, potassium primary phosphate, Mycosporin in this culture material, but these chemical substances are unfavorable to person health, the contained cotton polyphenol chemical composition of the cotton seed hulls in culture material is influential to HUMAN HEALTH, and the quality of edible mushrooms is affected; Simultaneously, along with popularization and the expansion of edible fungus culturing, the edible fungus culturings such as cotton seed hull, the corn cob problem that there is lack of raw materials is more and more serious, causes the edible fungus culturing cost more and more higher.
" edible fungi of china " 2012,31 6:66-67 pages, CN53-1054/Q ISSN1003-8310 is entitled as in the research of Pleurotus nebrodensis " the jowar shell cultivation " to have put down in writing with the jowar shell and replaces cotton seed hulls to cultivate Pleurotus nebrodensis.But independent jowar shell is cultivated edible mushrooms and is sent out the problems such as bacterium speed is slow, the mushroom growing up number is less, later stage output is not high.
Therefore being badly in need of solving culture medium of edible fungus affects person health, and edible mushrooms sends out the problems such as bacterium speed is slow, the mushroom growing up number is less, later stage output is not high.
Chinese medicine slag derives from all kinds of herbal pharmaceutical factory, accounts for 70% of medicinal material total amount, is the main solid waste of pharmaceutical factory discharge.Traditional Chinese medicine slag treatment process has two kinds: the one, and to concentrate and stack or bury as waste, this not only takies a large amount of soils, produces a large amount of harmful fermentation gas, and underground water is also had to pollution; The 2nd, Chinese medicine slag is dried to rear burning, will produce the pollutents such as a large amount of flue dust, carbonic acid gas but be greater than in the process that the dregs of a decoction burn, cause topsoil.So, how effectively Chinese medicine slag rationally to be utilized, become urgent problem.
The present invention, in order to address the above problem, has invented a kind of new culture material and production method.
Summary of the invention
The culture material that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of edible mushrooms.
Another object of the present invention is to provide and utilize culture material to produce the method for edible mushrooms.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of edible mushrooms.
The culture material of a kind of edible mushrooms provided by the invention, raw material by following weight part forms: Chinese medicine slag 30-100 part, sorghum husk 10-60 part, Semen Maydis powder 5-50 part, unslaked lime 1-15 part, wherein said Chinese medicine slag refers to the root of herbaceous peony, Wu Chia Pee, cassia twig, Great Burdock Achene, Root of Glaucescent Fissistigma, the root of large-flowered skullcap, perilla seed, Radix Glycyrrhizae, White Mulberry Root-bark, Semen Armeniacae Amarum, Root-bark of Chinese Wolfberry, balloonflower root, Japanese Honeysuckle, the capsule of weeping forsythia, schizonepeta, Herba Lophatheri, reed rhizome, Grosvenor Momordica, Loquat Leaf, Cynanchum glaucescens, the tuber of stemona, windproof, Semen Astragali Complanati, sealwort, Tuber Fleeceflower Root, mulberries, Psoralea corylifolia, Rhizome of Fortune's Drynaria, thizoma curculiginis, Semen Sojae Preparatum, dark plum, Fruit of Cherokee Rose, c. faberii, rhizoma cibotii, bitter sweet leaf, Hu baldhead leaf, one or more dregs of a decoction after Chinese ephedra is extracted.
Culture material provided by the invention, preferably the raw material by following weight part forms: Chinese medicine slag 35-95 part, sorghum husk 15-55 part, Semen Maydis powder 10-45 part, unslaked lime 2-14 part, wherein said Chinese medicine slag is: the Chinese medicine slag after White Mulberry Root-bark, Semen Armeniacae Amarum, Root-bark of Chinese Wolfberry, balloonflower root, Grosvenor Momordica, Loquat Leaf, cassia twig, Great Burdock Achene eight flavor traditional Chinese medicine extraction.
Culture material provided by the invention, preferably the raw material by following weight part forms: Chinese medicine slag 40-90 part, sorghum husk 20-50 part, Semen Maydis powder 15-40 part, unslaked lime 3-12 part, wherein said Chinese medicine slag is: the Chinese medicine slag after the root of herbaceous peony, Wu Chia Pee, cassia twig, Great Burdock Achene, Root of Glaucescent Fissistigma, the root of large-flowered skullcap, perilla seed, Radix Glycyrrhizae eight flavor traditional Chinese medicine extraction.
Culture material provided by the invention, more preferably the raw material by following weight part forms: Chinese medicine slag 50-80 part, sorghum husk 25-45 part, Semen Maydis powder 20-35 part, unslaked lime 5-10 part, wherein said Chinese medicine slag is: the Chinese medicine slag after Japanese Honeysuckle, the capsule of weeping forsythia, schizonepeta, Herba Lophatheri, reed rhizome, Radix Glycyrrhizae, balloonflower root, Semen Sojae Preparatum, Cynanchum glaucescens, the tuber of stemona, windproof, Semen Astragali Complanati 12 flavor traditional Chinese medicine extraction.
Culture material provided by the invention, more preferably the raw material by following weight part forms: Chinese medicine slag 55-75 part, sorghum husk 30-40 part, Semen Maydis powder 22-30 part, unslaked lime 6-9 part, wherein said Chinese medicine slag is: the Chinese medicine slag after Rhizome of Fortune's Drynaria, rhizoma cibotii, dark plum, Fruit of Cherokee Rose, sealwort, Tuber Fleeceflower Root, mulberries, Psoralea corylifolia eight flavor traditional Chinese medicine extraction.
Culture material provided by the invention, further the preferred raw material by following weight part forms: 60 parts of Chinese medicine slags, 35 parts of sorghum husks, 25 parts of Semen Maydis powder, 7 parts of unslaked limes, wherein said Chinese medicine slag is: the Chinese medicine slag after the root of herbaceous peony, Wu Chia Pee, cassia twig, Great Burdock Achene, Root of Glaucescent Fissistigma, the root of large-flowered skullcap, perilla seed, Radix Glycyrrhizae, thizoma curculiginis, c. faberii, Chinese ephedra, Hu baldhead leaf, bitter sweet leaf 13 flavor traditional Chinese medicine extraction.
One or more dregs of a decoction of the present invention preferably pass through the dregs of a decoction of water extraction.
A kind of culture material provided by the invention is produced the method for edible mushrooms, take Chinese medicine slag, sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder and unslaked lime as raw material, and through pulverizing, sterilizing, inoculation, fruiting and management, concrete steps are as follows:
1) preparation of culture material: take weight part Chinese medicine slag, sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder and unslaked lime standby;
2) Chinese medicine slag is mixed with sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, it is neutral regulating planting material pH with unslaked lime;
3) by the Chinese medicine slag culture material poach regulated, wait heap fermentation 5-10 days, the pedestrian's work of going forward side by side or mechanical stirring, obtain the edible fungus culturing material mixture;
4) by heap fermentation, good culture material mixture carries out constant-pressure and high-temperature sterilizing 6-8 hour after packing;
5) the bacterium bag after high-temperature sterilization is chilled to room temperature, under aseptic condition, adopts the two ends inoculation method to carry out edible fungi inoculation, inoculum size is 10-15%.
6) fruiting and management: control temperature during mycelial growth at 15-25 ℃; During fruiting, keep humidity at 60-90%, temperature is controlled at 15-25 ℃.
Culture material provided by the invention is produced the method for edible mushrooms, described water content after the Chinese medicine slag culture material poach regulated is preferably to 60-75%.
A kind of edible mushrooms provided by the invention is prepared from by following methods:
1) preparation of culture material: take weight part Chinese medicine slag, sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder and unslaked lime standby;
2) Chinese medicine slag is mixed with sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, it is neutral regulating planting material pH with unslaked lime;
3) by the Chinese medicine slag culture material poach regulated, making water content is 60-75%, waits heap fermentation 5-10 days, and the pedestrian's work of going forward side by side or mechanical stirring, obtain the edible fungus culturing material mixture;
4) by heap fermentation, good culture material mixture carries out constant-pressure and high-temperature sterilizing 6-8 hour after packing;
5) the bacterium bag after high-temperature sterilization is chilled to room temperature, under aseptic condition, adopts the two ends inoculation method to carry out edible fungi inoculation, inoculum size is 10-15%.
6) fruiting and management: control temperature during mycelial growth at 15-25 ℃; During fruiting, keep humidity at 60-90%, temperature is controlled at 15-25 ℃.
The invention provides culture medium of edible fungus has the following advantages:
1, with in prior art, compare:
1) culture material of the prior art when in use the dregs of a decoction, Semen Maydis powder are raw material, is also containing nitrogenous fertilizer, potassium primary phosphate, Mycosporin chemical substance in culture material, and these chemical substances are unfavorable to person health,
2) the contained cotton polyphenol chemical composition of the cotton seed hulls in the prior art culture material is influential to HUMAN HEALTH, and the quality of edible mushrooms is affected; Simultaneously, along with popularization and the expansion of edible fungus culturing, the edible fungus culturings such as cotton seed hull, the corn cob problem that there is lack of raw materials is more and more serious, causes the edible fungus culturing cost more and more higher.
3) in prior art, independent use jowar shell is cultivated edible mushrooms and is sent out the problems such as bacterium speed is slow, the mushroom growing up number is less, later stage output is not high.
2, the present invention is used in combination Chinese medicine slag, sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, unslaked lime, has the following advantages:
1) turn waste into wealth, save production cost: present technique has successfully utilized the discarded mixing Chinese medicine slag in pharmaceutical factory to cultivate high-quality edible mushrooms, has substituted the expensive raw materials such as a large amount of cotton seed hullss simultaneously, greatly reduces production cost.
2) edible mushrooms that present technique is cultivated is nontoxic, edible safety: the edible mushrooms of present method cultivation mycelia in sending out the bacterium process is pure white, sturdy, a bacterium is fast and the microbiological contamination rate is low, and fruit body of edible fungi is individual large, delicate, plump, and the mushroom growing up number is many, and later stage output is high; To sample after fruiting, send product quality inspection to detect institute and carry out the safety analysis detection, in the edible mushrooms that utilizes the present invention to cultivate, the content of arsenic, lead, mercury meets national edible mushrooms hygienic standard (GB7096-2003), phenyl-hexachloride, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane etc. do not detect, therefore, reach national edible mushrooms hygienic standard fully.
3) solve waste disposal problem, realize the environment and economy bumper harvests: the useless dregs of a decoction are greater than in stacking process can produce a large amount of peculiar smell and transudate, contaminated soil and air, processing the Chinese medicine slag refuse is also the expensive and difficult work of wasting time and energy, the invention solves the problem of environmental pollution and refuse treatment, created considerable economic benefit simultaneously.
Embodiment
Following examples are used for the present invention is described, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
Culture material: White Mulberry Root-bark, Semen Armeniacae Amarum, Root-bark of Chinese Wolfberry, balloonflower root, Grosvenor Momordica, crowd Chinese medicine slag 65kg that leaf, cassia twig, Great Burdock Achene eight are distinguished the flavor of after traditional Chinese medicine extraction, sorghum husk 25kg, Semen Maydis powder 10kg, unslaked lime 1kg.
The preparation method:
1) take Chinese medicine slag, sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, the unslaked lime of weight part standby.
2) Chinese medicine slag is mixed with sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, it is neutral regulating planting material pH with unslaked lime.
3) by the Chinese medicine slag culture material poach regulated, make water content reach 60%, wait heap fermentation 5 days, the pedestrian's work of going forward side by side or mechanical stirring, obtain the culture medium of edible fungus mixture.
4) by heap fermentation, good culture material mixture carries out the constant-pressure and high-temperature sterilizing 6 hours after packing.
5) the bacterium bag after high-temperature sterilization is chilled to room temperature, under aseptic condition, adopts the two ends inoculation method to carry out edible fungi inoculation, inoculum size is 10%.
6) fruiting and management: during controlling the temperature mycelial growth during mycelial growth, control 15 ℃ of temperature; During fruiting, keep humidity 60%, temperature is controlled at 15 ℃.
Embodiment 2
Culture material: Chinese medicine slag 75kg, sorghum husk 20kg, Semen Maydis powder 5kg, unslaked lime 1kg after the root of herbaceous peony, Wu Chia Pee, cassia twig, Great Burdock Achene, Root of Glaucescent Fissistigma, the root of large-flowered skullcap, perilla seed, Radix Glycyrrhizae eight flavor traditional Chinese medicine extraction.
The preparation method:
1) take Chinese medicine slag, sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, the unslaked lime of weight part standby.
2) Chinese medicine slag is mixed with sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, it is neutral regulating planting material pH with unslaked lime.
3) by the Chinese medicine slag culture material poach regulated, make water content reach 75%, wait heap fermentation 10 days, the pedestrian's work of going forward side by side or mechanical stirring, obtain the culture medium of edible fungus mixture.
4) by heap fermentation, good culture material mixture carries out the constant-pressure and high-temperature sterilizing 8 hours after packing.
5) the bacterium bag after high-temperature sterilization is chilled to room temperature, under aseptic condition, adopts the two ends inoculation method to carry out edible fungi inoculation, inoculum size is 15%.
6) fruiting and management: during controlling the temperature mycelial growth during mycelial growth, control 25 ℃ of temperature; During fruiting, keep humidity 90%, temperature is controlled at 25 ℃.
Embodiment 3
Culture material: Chinese medicine slag 40kg, sorghum husk 20kg, Semen Maydis powder 15kg, unslaked lime 3kg after the root of herbaceous peony, Wu Chia Pee, cassia twig, Great Burdock Achene, Root of Glaucescent Fissistigma, the root of large-flowered skullcap, perilla seed, Radix Glycyrrhizae eight flavor traditional Chinese medicine extraction.
The preparation method:
1) take Chinese medicine slag, sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, the unslaked lime of weight part standby.
2) Chinese medicine slag is mixed with sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, it is neutral regulating planting material pH with unslaked lime.
3) by the Chinese medicine slag culture material poach regulated, make water content reach 75%, wait heap fermentation 10 days, the pedestrian's work of going forward side by side or mechanical stirring, obtain the culture medium of edible fungus mixture.
4) by heap fermentation, good culture material mixture carries out the constant-pressure and high-temperature sterilizing 8 hours after packing.
5) the bacterium bag after high-temperature sterilization is chilled to room temperature, under aseptic condition, adopts the two ends inoculation method to carry out edible fungi inoculation, inoculum size is 15%.
6) fruiting and management: during controlling the temperature mycelial growth during mycelial growth, control 25 ℃ of temperature; During fruiting, keep humidity 90%, temperature is controlled at 25 ℃.
Embodiment 4
Culture material: Chinese medicine slag 90kg, sorghum husk 50kg, Semen Maydis powder 40kg, unslaked lime 12kg after the root of herbaceous peony, Wu Chia Pee, cassia twig, Great Burdock Achene, Root of Glaucescent Fissistigma, the root of large-flowered skullcap, perilla seed, Radix Glycyrrhizae eight flavor traditional Chinese medicine extraction.
The preparation method:
1) take Chinese medicine slag, sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, the unslaked lime of weight part standby.
2) Chinese medicine slag is mixed with sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, it is neutral regulating planting material pH with unslaked lime.
3) by the Chinese medicine slag culture material poach regulated, make water content reach 75%, wait heap fermentation 10 days, the pedestrian's work of going forward side by side or mechanical stirring, obtain the culture medium of edible fungus mixture.
4) by heap fermentation, good culture material mixture carries out the constant-pressure and high-temperature sterilizing 8 hours after packing.
5) the bacterium bag after high-temperature sterilization is chilled to room temperature, under aseptic condition, adopts the two ends inoculation method to carry out edible fungi inoculation, inoculum size is 15%.
6) fruiting and management: during controlling the temperature mycelial growth during mycelial growth, control 25 ℃ of temperature; During fruiting, keep humidity 90%, temperature is controlled at 25 ℃.
Embodiment 5
Culture material: Chinese medicine slag 70kg, sorghum husk 25kg, Semen Maydis powder 5kg, unslaked lime 1kg after Japanese Honeysuckle, the capsule of weeping forsythia, schizonepeta, Herba Lophatheri, reed rhizome, Radix Glycyrrhizae, balloonflower root, Semen Sojae Preparatum, Cynanchum glaucescens, the tuber of stemona, windproof, Semen Astragali Complanati 12 flavor traditional Chinese medicine extraction.
The preparation method:
1) take Chinese medicine slag, sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, the unslaked lime of weight part standby.
2) Chinese medicine slag is mixed with sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, it is neutral regulating planting material pH with unslaked lime.
3) by the Chinese medicine slag culture material poach regulated, make water content reach 65%, wait heap fermentation 7 days, the pedestrian's work of going forward side by side or mechanical stirring, obtain the culture medium of edible fungus mixture.
4) by heap fermentation, good culture material mixture carries out the constant-pressure and high-temperature sterilizing 7 hours after packing.
5) the bacterium bag after high-temperature sterilization is chilled to room temperature, under aseptic condition, adopts the two ends inoculation method to carry out edible fungi inoculation, inoculum size is 12%.
6) fruiting and management: during controlling the temperature mycelial growth during mycelial growth, control 20 ℃ of temperature; During fruiting, keep humidity 70%, temperature is controlled at 20 ℃.
Embodiment 6
Culture material: Chinese medicine slag 80kg, sorghum husk 45kg, Semen Maydis powder 35kg, unslaked lime 10kg after Japanese Honeysuckle, the capsule of weeping forsythia, schizonepeta, Herba Lophatheri, reed rhizome, Radix Glycyrrhizae, balloonflower root, Semen Sojae Preparatum, Cynanchum glaucescens, the tuber of stemona, windproof, Semen Astragali Complanati 12 flavor traditional Chinese medicine extraction.
The preparation method:
1) take Chinese medicine slag, sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, the unslaked lime of weight part standby.
2) Chinese medicine slag is mixed with sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, it is neutral regulating planting material pH with unslaked lime.
3) by the Chinese medicine slag culture material poach regulated, make water content reach 65%, wait heap fermentation 7 days, the pedestrian's work of going forward side by side or mechanical stirring, obtain the culture medium of edible fungus mixture.
4) by heap fermentation, good culture material mixture carries out the constant-pressure and high-temperature sterilizing 7 hours after packing.
5) the bacterium bag after high-temperature sterilization is chilled to room temperature, under aseptic condition, adopts the two ends inoculation method to carry out edible fungi inoculation, inoculum size is 12%.
6) fruiting and management: during controlling the temperature mycelial growth during mycelial growth, control 20 ℃ of temperature; During fruiting, keep humidity 70%, temperature is controlled at 20 ℃.
Embodiment 7
Culture material: Chinese medicine slag 80kg, sorghum husk 15kg, Semen Maydis powder 5kg, unslaked lime 1kg after Rhizome of Fortune's Drynaria, rhizoma cibotii, dark plum, Fruit of Cherokee Rose, sealwort, Tuber Fleeceflower Root, mulberries, Psoralea corylifolia eight flavor traditional Chinese medicine extraction.
The preparation method:
1) take Chinese medicine slag, sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, the unslaked lime of weight part standby.
2) Chinese medicine slag is mixed with sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, it is neutral regulating planting material pH with unslaked lime.
3) by the Chinese medicine slag culture material poach regulated, make water content reach 70%, wait heap fermentation 8 days, the pedestrian's work of going forward side by side or mechanical stirring, obtain the culture medium of edible fungus mixture.
4) by heap fermentation, good culture material mixture carries out the constant-pressure and high-temperature sterilizing 8 hours after packing.
5) the bacterium bag after high-temperature sterilization is chilled to room temperature, under aseptic condition, adopts the two ends inoculation method to carry out edible fungi inoculation, inoculum size is 13%.
6) fruiting and management: during controlling the temperature mycelial growth during mycelial growth, control 22 ℃ of temperature; During fruiting, keep humidity 80%, temperature is controlled at 22 ℃.
Embodiment 8
Culture material: Chinese medicine slag 75kg, sorghum husk 40kg, Semen Maydis powder 30kg, unslaked lime 9kg after Rhizome of Fortune's Drynaria, rhizoma cibotii, dark plum, Fruit of Cherokee Rose, sealwort, Tuber Fleeceflower Root, mulberries, Psoralea corylifolia eight flavor traditional Chinese medicine extraction.
The preparation method:
1) take Chinese medicine slag, sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, the unslaked lime of weight part standby.
2) Chinese medicine slag is mixed with sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, it is neutral regulating planting material pH with unslaked lime.
3) by the Chinese medicine slag culture material poach regulated, make water content reach 70%, wait heap fermentation 8 days, the pedestrian's work of going forward side by side or mechanical stirring, obtain the culture medium of edible fungus mixture.
4) by heap fermentation, good culture material mixture carries out the constant-pressure and high-temperature sterilizing 8 hours after packing.
5) the bacterium bag after high-temperature sterilization is chilled to room temperature, under aseptic condition, adopts the two ends inoculation method to carry out edible fungi inoculation, inoculum size is 13%.
6) fruiting and management: during controlling the temperature mycelial growth during mycelial growth, control 22 ℃ of temperature; During fruiting, keep humidity 80%, temperature is controlled at 22 ℃.
Embodiment 9
Culture material: Chinese medicine slag 40kg, sorghum husk 20kg, Semen Maydis powder 15kg, unslaked lime 3kg after the root of herbaceous peony, Wu Chia Pee, cassia twig, Great Burdock Achene, Root of Glaucescent Fissistigma, the root of large-flowered skullcap, perilla seed, Radix Glycyrrhizae, thizoma curculiginis, c. faberii, Chinese ephedra, Hu baldhead leaf, bitter sweet leaf 13 flavor traditional Chinese medicine extraction.
The preparation method:
1) take Chinese medicine slag, sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, the unslaked lime of weight part standby.
2) Chinese medicine slag is mixed with sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, it is neutral regulating planting material pH with unslaked lime.
3) by the Chinese medicine slag culture material poach regulated, make water content reach 70%, wait heap fermentation 8 days, the pedestrian's work of going forward side by side or mechanical stirring, obtain the culture medium of edible fungus mixture.
4) by heap fermentation, good culture material mixture carries out the constant-pressure and high-temperature sterilizing 8 hours after packing.
5) the bacterium bag after high-temperature sterilization is chilled to room temperature, under aseptic condition, adopts the two ends inoculation method to carry out edible fungi inoculation, inoculum size is 13%.
6) fruiting and management: during controlling the temperature mycelial growth during mycelial growth, control 22 ℃ of temperature; During fruiting, keep humidity 80%, temperature is controlled at 22 ℃.
Embodiment 10
Culture material: Chinese medicine slag 75kg, sorghum husk 20kg, Semen Maydis powder 5kg, unslaked lime 1kg after the root of herbaceous peony, Wu Chia Pee, cassia twig, Great Burdock Achene, Root of Glaucescent Fissistigma, the root of large-flowered skullcap, perilla seed, Radix Glycyrrhizae, thizoma curculiginis, c. faberii, Chinese ephedra, Hu baldhead leaf, bitter sweet leaf 13 flavor traditional Chinese medicine extraction.
The preparation method:
1) take Chinese medicine slag, sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, the unslaked lime of weight part standby.
2) Chinese medicine slag is mixed with sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, it is neutral regulating planting material pH with unslaked lime.
3) by the Chinese medicine slag culture material poach regulated, make water content reach 70%, wait heap fermentation 8 days, the pedestrian's work of going forward side by side or mechanical stirring, obtain the culture medium of edible fungus mixture.
4) by heap fermentation, good culture material mixture carries out the constant-pressure and high-temperature sterilizing 8 hours after packing.
5) the bacterium bag after high-temperature sterilization is chilled to room temperature, under aseptic condition, adopts the two ends inoculation method to carry out edible fungi inoculation, inoculum size is 13%.
6) fruiting and management: during controlling the temperature mycelial growth during mycelial growth, control 22 ℃ of temperature; During fruiting, keep humidity 80%, temperature is controlled at 22 ℃.
Embodiment 11
Culture material: Chinese medicine slag 60kg, sorghum husk 35kg, Semen Maydis powder 25kg, unslaked lime 1.5kg after Great Burdock Achene extracts.
The preparation method:
1) take Chinese medicine slag, sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, the unslaked lime of weight part standby.
2) Chinese medicine slag is mixed with sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, it is neutral regulating planting material pH with unslaked lime.
3) by the Chinese medicine slag culture material poach regulated, make water content reach 70%, wait heap fermentation 8 days, the pedestrian's work of going forward side by side or mechanical stirring, obtain the culture medium of edible fungus mixture.
4) by heap fermentation, good culture material mixture carries out the constant-pressure and high-temperature sterilizing 8 hours after packing.
5) the bacterium bag after high-temperature sterilization is chilled to room temperature, under aseptic condition, adopts the two ends inoculation method to carry out edible fungi inoculation, inoculum size is 13%.
6) fruiting and management: during controlling the temperature mycelial growth during mycelial growth, control 22 ℃ of temperature; During fruiting, keep humidity 80%, temperature is controlled at 22 ℃.
Embodiment 12
Culture material: Chinese medicine slag 75kg, sorghum husk 20kg, Semen Maydis powder 15kg, unslaked lime 1.5kg after Wu Chia Pee extracts.
The preparation method:
1) take Chinese medicine slag, sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, the unslaked lime of weight part standby.
2) Chinese medicine slag is mixed with sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, it is neutral regulating planting material pH with unslaked lime.
3) by the Chinese medicine slag culture material poach regulated, make water content reach 70%, wait heap fermentation 8 days, the pedestrian's work of going forward side by side or mechanical stirring, obtain the culture medium of edible fungus mixture.
4) by heap fermentation, good culture material mixture carries out the constant-pressure and high-temperature sterilizing 8 hours after packing.
5) the bacterium bag after high-temperature sterilization is chilled to room temperature, under aseptic condition, adopts the two ends inoculation method to carry out edible fungi inoculation, inoculum size is 13%.
6) fruiting and management: during controlling the temperature mycelial growth during mycelial growth, control 22 ℃ of temperature; During fruiting, keep humidity 80%, temperature is controlled at 22 ℃.
Embodiment 13
Safety analysis detects
Sample after fruiting is carried out to safety analysis detection (sending product quality inspection to detect institute detects), in the edible mushrooms that utilizes the present invention to cultivate, the content of arsenic, lead, mercury meets national edible mushrooms hygienic standard (GB7096-2003), phenyl-hexachloride, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane etc. do not detect, therefore, reach national edible mushrooms hygienic standard fully.
Comparative Examples 1: with composition and method in 201010127250.3 embodiment 2
Culture material: 0.3 part, 63 parts of Chinese medicine slags, 20 parts of cotton seed hullss, 5 parts of Semen Maydis powder, 3 parts of unslaked limes, 6.6 parts, ammonium nitrate, 2.3 parts of potassium primary phosphates, 0.1 part of Kemeiling, 0.5 part of trace element and molysite.
The preparation method:
The first step, Chinese medicine slag is dried to pack;
Second step, with Chinese medicine slag, cotton seed hulls, corn, be divided into main raw material, take unslaked lime, nitrogenous fertilizer, potassium primary phosphate, trace element, molysite and Kemeiling as the auxiliary material batching;
The 3rd step, major ingredient and auxiliary material are mixed, add water, material-water ratio is 1:1.5;
The 4th step, then build heap fermentation 12d, taper heap diameter 4m, high 2.5m, stirring is 4 times during the fermentation.
The 5th step, the planting material that will ferment are packed in plastics bag, carry out autoclaving, and rear inoculation cools completely.
Comparative Examples 2: with " edible fungi of china " 2012,31 6:66-67 pages, the composition in CN53-1054/QISSN 1003-8310 and method
Culture material: jowar shell, unslaked lime
The preparation method:
1) jowar shell impurity elimination, adjust ph to 7.0-7.5 with unslaked lime, pack, sterilizing;
2) inoculation: in the transfer room of fumigating in advance, access is female plants, and every female test tube of planting connects 5 bags of original seed material;
3) cultivate: will access female original seed bag of planting and put culturing room and cultivated, culture temperature is 26 ℃, after cultivating 5d, starts to observe the bacterial classification situation of putting down in writing.
Embodiment 14 simultaneous tests
1, Comparative Examples 1,2 and embodiment 1,2,5,7,9,11,12 are carried out to Primary spawn as culture material, the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 different material is cultivated the development condition of original seed
| Group | Mycelia number of days/the d that germinates | The full bottle of mycelia number of days/d | Mycelia sends out the situation of filling |
| Comparative Examples 1 | 1 | 20 | Mycelia is pure white, sturdy |
| Comparative Examples 2 | 2 | 22 | Mycelia is pure white, sturdy |
| Embodiment 1 | 1.5 | 19 | Mycelia is pure white, sturdy |
| Embodiment 2 | 1 | 17 | Mycelia is pure white, sturdy |
| Embodiment 5 | 1 | 18 | Mycelia is pure white, sturdy |
| Embodiment 7 | 1 | 17 | Mycelia is pure white, sturdy |
| Embodiment 9 | 1 | 19 | Mycelia is pure white, sturdy |
| Embodiment 11 | 1 | 18 | Mycelia is pure white, sturdy |
| Embodiment 12 | 1 | 17 | Mycelia is pure white, sturdy |
Table 1 show embodiment and Comparative Examples little in hyphal development situation difference, but the hyphal development number of days of embodiment is obviously few than the number of days of Comparative Examples.Can shorten the Primary spawn time.
2, by the comparison of Comparative Examples 1,2 and embodiment 1,2,5,7,9,11,12 do cultivation cultivars, the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 different material is cultivated the comparison of cultivar
| Group | Mycelia number of days/the d that germinates | Mycelia purseful number of days/d | Mycelia sends out the situation of filling |
| Comparative Examples 1 | 1 | 45 | Mycelia is pure white, sturdy |
| Comparative Examples 2 | 2 | 47 | Mycelia is pure white, sturdy |
| Embodiment 1 | 2 | 37 | Mycelia is pure white, sturdy |
| Embodiment 2 | 1 | 33 | Mycelia is pure white, sturdy |
| Embodiment 5 | 1 | 36 | Mycelia is pure white, sturdy |
| Embodiment 7 | 1 | 33 | Mycelia is pure white, sturdy |
| Embodiment 9 | 1.5 | 35 | Mycelia is pure white, sturdy |
| Embodiment 11 | 1 | 34 | Mycelia is pure white, sturdy |
| Embodiment 12 | 1 | 34 | Mycelia is pure white, sturdy |
It is little that table 2 shows that embodiment and Comparative Examples are processed hyphal development situation difference, but the number of days that the hyphal development number of days of embodiment is obviously processed than Comparative Examples is few.Embodiment obviously shortens the incubation time of cultivar.
3, Comparative Examples 1,2 and embodiment 1,2,5,7,9,11,12 are made to the fruiting simultaneous test, the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 different material culturing edible fungus fruiting relatively
| Group | Cell age phase/d | Growth cycle/d | Productive rate (g. bag -1） |
| Comparative Examples 1 | 68 | 90 | 395 |
| Comparative Examples 2 | 67 | 92 | 401 |
| Embodiment 1 | 51 | 120 | 480 |
| Embodiment 2 | 50 | 121 | 475 |
| Embodiment 5 | 52 | 119 | 482 |
| Embodiment 7 | 51 | 122 | 470 |
| Embodiment 9 | 53 | 117 | 472 |
| Embodiment 11 | 52 | 119 | 468 |
| Embodiment 12 | 53 | 118 | 462 |
Table 3 shows that the cell age phase of embodiment culturing edible fungus obviously shortens, and growth cycle obviously extends, and productive rate obviously improves.
4, embodiment and the Comparative Examples culture material main quality index of edible mushrooms of gathering, in Table 4.
The indication of table 4 main quality relatively
Table 4 shows, the main quality index of embodiment all obviously is better than the edible mushrooms of Comparative Examples.
5, embodiment and Comparative Examples edible fungus living being index compare, in Table 5.
The main Biological indicators of table 5 relatively
| Group | Bacteria developing period/d | Biological transformation ratio % | Production cost/unit |
| Comparative Examples 1 | 47 | 75 | 1.5 |
| Comparative Examples 2 | 46 | 72 | 1.0 |
| Embodiment 1 | 36 | 92 | 0.9 |
| Embodiment 2 | 35 | 87 | 0.9 |
| Embodiment 5 | 35.5 | 89 | 0.9 |
| Embodiment 7 | 37 | 87 | 0.9 |
| Embodiment 9 | 36 | 85 | 0.9 |
| Embodiment 11 | 36.5 | 87 | 0.7 |
| Embodiment 12 | 35.9 | 91 | 0.7 |
Table 5 shows, embodiment compares with Comparative Examples, and embodiment is starkly lower than Comparative Examples at bacteria developing period, and biological transformation ratio is apparently higher than Comparative Examples, and cost is lower than Comparative Examples.
Conclusion: no matter the present invention obviously is better than Comparative Examples from aspects such as quality or Biological indicators, and is to have utilized waste material, and production cost significantly reduces, and has improved economic benefit, can reduce the generation of refuse, alleviates environmental pollution, fundamentally solves dregs of a decoction emission problem.
Although, above used general explanation, embodiment and test, the present invention is described in detail, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, and this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the culture material of an edible mushrooms, it is characterized in that, raw material by following weight part forms: Chinese medicine slag 30-100 part, sorghum husk 10-60 part, Semen Maydis powder 5-50 part, unslaked lime 1-15 part, wherein said Chinese medicine slag refers to the root of herbaceous peony, Wu Chia Pee, cassia twig, Great Burdock Achene, Root of Glaucescent Fissistigma, the root of large-flowered skullcap, perilla seed, Radix Glycyrrhizae, White Mulberry Root-bark, Semen Armeniacae Amarum, Root-bark of Chinese Wolfberry, balloonflower root, Japanese Honeysuckle, the capsule of weeping forsythia, schizonepeta, Herba Lophatheri, reed rhizome, Grosvenor Momordica, Loquat Leaf, Cynanchum glaucescens, the tuber of stemona, windproof, Semen Astragali Complanati, sealwort, Tuber Fleeceflower Root, mulberries, Psoralea corylifolia, Rhizome of Fortune's Drynaria, thizoma curculiginis, Semen Sojae Preparatum, dark plum, Fruit of Cherokee Rose, c. faberii, rhizoma cibotii, bitter sweet leaf, Hu baldhead leaf, one or more dregs of a decoction after Chinese ephedra is extracted.
2. culture material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, raw material by following weight part forms: Chinese medicine slag 35-95 part, sorghum husk 15-55 part, Semen Maydis powder 10-45 part, unslaked lime 2-14 part, wherein said Chinese medicine slag is: the Chinese medicine slag after White Mulberry Root-bark, Semen Armeniacae Amarum, Root-bark of Chinese Wolfberry, balloonflower root, Grosvenor Momordica, Loquat Leaf, cassia twig, Great Burdock Achene eight flavor traditional Chinese medicine extraction.
3. culture material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, raw material by following weight part forms: Chinese medicine slag 40-90 part, sorghum husk 20-50 part, Semen Maydis powder 15-40 part, unslaked lime 3-12 part, wherein said Chinese medicine slag is: the Chinese medicine slag after the root of herbaceous peony, Wu Chia Pee, cassia twig, Great Burdock Achene, Root of Glaucescent Fissistigma, the root of large-flowered skullcap, perilla seed, Radix Glycyrrhizae eight flavor traditional Chinese medicine extraction.
4. culture material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, raw material by following weight part forms: Chinese medicine slag 50-80 part, sorghum husk 25-45 part, Semen Maydis powder 20-35 part, unslaked lime 5-10 part, wherein said Chinese medicine slag is: the Chinese medicine slag after Japanese Honeysuckle, the capsule of weeping forsythia, schizonepeta, Herba Lophatheri, reed rhizome, Radix Glycyrrhizae, balloonflower root, Semen Sojae Preparatum, Cynanchum glaucescens, the tuber of stemona, windproof, Semen Astragali Complanati 12 flavor traditional Chinese medicine extraction.
5. culture material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, raw material by following weight part forms: Chinese medicine slag 55-75 part, sorghum husk 30-40 part, Semen Maydis powder 22-30 part, unslaked lime 6-9 part, wherein said Chinese medicine slag is: the Chinese medicine slag after Rhizome of Fortune's Drynaria, rhizoma cibotii, dark plum, Fruit of Cherokee Rose, sealwort, Tuber Fleeceflower Root, mulberries, Psoralea corylifolia eight flavor traditional Chinese medicine extraction.
6. culture material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, raw material by following weight part forms: 60 parts of Chinese medicine slags, 35 parts of sorghum husks, 25 parts of Semen Maydis powder, 7 parts of unslaked limes, wherein said Chinese medicine slag is: the Chinese medicine slag after the root of herbaceous peony, Wu Chia Pee, cassia twig, Great Burdock Achene, Root of Glaucescent Fissistigma, the root of large-flowered skullcap, perilla seed, Radix Glycyrrhizae, thizoma curculiginis, c. faberii, Chinese ephedra, Hu baldhead leaf, bitter sweet leaf 13 flavor traditional Chinese medicine extraction.
7. according to the described culture material of claim 1-6 any one, it is characterized in that, described one or more Chinese medicine bits are the dregs of a decoction after water extraction.
8. a method of utilizing the described culture material of claim 1-6 any one to produce edible mushrooms, is characterized in that, Chinese medicine slag, sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder and unslaked lime are raw material, and through pulverizing, sterilizing, inoculation, fruiting and management, concrete steps are as follows:
1) preparation of culture material: take weight part Chinese medicine slag, sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder and unslaked lime standby;
2) Chinese medicine slag is mixed with sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, it is neutral regulating planting material pH with unslaked lime;
3) by the Chinese medicine slag culture material poach regulated, wait heap fermentation 5-10 days, the pedestrian's work of going forward side by side or mechanical stirring, obtain the edible fungus culturing material mixture;
4) by heap fermentation, good culture material mixture carries out constant-pressure and high-temperature sterilizing 6-8 hour after packing;
5) the bacterium bag after high-temperature sterilization is chilled to room temperature, under aseptic condition, adopts the two ends inoculation method to carry out edible fungi inoculation, inoculum size is 10-15%.
6) fruiting and management: control temperature during mycelial growth at 15-25 ℃; During fruiting, keep humidity at 60-90%, temperature is controlled at 15-25 ℃.
9. culture material is produced the method for edible mushrooms according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described is 60-75% by the water content after the Chinese medicine slag culture material poach regulated.
10. an edible mushrooms, is characterized in that, by the described culture material of claim 1-6 any one, through following methods, is prepared from:
1) preparation of culture material: take weight part Chinese medicine slag, sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder and unslaked lime standby;
2) Chinese medicine slag is mixed with sorghum husk, Semen Maydis powder, it is neutral regulating planting material pH with unslaked lime;
3) by the Chinese medicine slag culture material poach regulated, making water content is 60-75%, waits heap fermentation 5-10 days, and the pedestrian's work of going forward side by side or mechanical stirring, obtain the edible fungus culturing material mixture;
4) by heap fermentation, good culture material mixture carries out constant-pressure and high-temperature sterilizing 6-8 hour after packing;
5) the bacterium bag after high-temperature sterilization is chilled to room temperature, under aseptic condition, adopts the two ends inoculation method to carry out edible fungi inoculation, inoculum size is 10-15%.
6) fruiting and management: control temperature during mycelial growth at 15-25 ℃; During fruiting, keep humidity at 60-90%, temperature is controlled at 15-25 ℃.
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