CN103819230A - Novel edible fungi cultivation medium and production method thereof - Google Patents
Novel edible fungi cultivation medium and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103819230A CN103819230A CN201410078231.4A CN201410078231A CN103819230A CN 103819230 A CN103819230 A CN 103819230A CN 201410078231 A CN201410078231 A CN 201410078231A CN 103819230 A CN103819230 A CN 103819230A
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- eucommia ulmoides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel edible fungi cultivation medium. The novel edible fungi cultivation medium is prepared by mixing eucommia leaf residue and an ingredient, wherein the eucommia leaf residue is prepared by performing plate-frame pressure filtration on leaf residue produced by extracting eucommia leaves, performing hot air circulation drying on the eucommia leaf residue, pulverizing the eucommia leaf residue to 10-60 mesh, and bagging. The ingredient comprises one or more than one of cottonseed shells, corncobs, mixed sawdusts and wheat bran. Compared with a pure cottonseed shell cultivation medium product, the novel edible fungi cultivation medium provided by the invention has high protein content, is rich in medicinal function components such as eucommia and flavone, delicious and good in quality, greatly reduces the manufacturing cost, and has wide commercial application value in the edible mushroom cultivating industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to novel edible fungus cultivation matrix, particularly provide a kind of and extract edible fungi substrate that discarded leaf slag produces, production method and at the application method of producing aspect edible mushrooms with bark of eucommia Chinese medicinal materials.
Background technology
Traditional edible fungus culturing matrix, as cotton seed hulls, corn cob, weed tree sawdust, wheat bran etc., has the advantages such as nutritive ingredient is abundant, carbon-nitrogen ratio is high, physical chemistry structure permeability is good, edibility bacteria growing, is the topmost mode of production of China's mushroom industry.Along with the fast development of mushroom industry; the price of tradition edible fungus culturing matrix batching cotton seed hulls, corn cob, weed tree sawdust, wheat bran rises steadily; country strengthens the protection to the forest reserves; expand edible fungus culturing substrate material source; promote comprehensive exploitation and the recycle of resource; improve edible mushrooms quality and productivity effect, become following Edible Fungi Industry Development direction.
The bark of eucommia is the famous and precious tonic Chinese medicine material of China, deciduous tree.Folium Eucommiae contains the plurality of active ingredients such as gutta-percha, lignanoids, iridoids, alkaloids, polyose, Polyphenols, flavonoid, organic acid, volatile oil, protein and amino acids, resene, mineral element class, with Cortex Eucommiae " leaf skin is with effect ".China's bark of eucommia cultivated area is about 350,000 hectares, more than 200 ten thousand tons of year Folium Eucommiae resource increments, the domestic enterprise that carries out the extraction of bark of eucommia activeconstituents take Folium Eucommiae as raw material has reached tens of families, the tens thousand of tons of discarded leaf slag of annual processing discharge, be simply discarded, burn or concentrated landfill, both cause environmental pollution, expended again environmental protection treatment cost.
Through the permanent emerging biological company limited in Zhangjiajie is detected and analyzed for the Folium Eucommiae raw material (butt) of plant extract, wherein contain total flavones 6.0%-10%, aucubin 7.0%-11%, chlorogenic acid 1.0%-3.0%, Geniposidic acid 0.10%-0.30%, crude protein 11%-15%, total Soluble Sugar 4.0%-5.0%, phosphorus 0.20%-0.30%, potassium 0.50%-0.90%.
By extracting after Chlorogenic Acid in Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Leaves, aucubin, Geniposidic acid isoreactivity composition, gross protein value in Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs (butt) reaches 18%-19%, robust fibre 11-13%, total flavones 5.0%-7.0%, soluble polysaccharide 2.0%-3.0%, phosphorus 0.20%-0.30%, potassium 0.70%-0.90%.As can be seen here, contain abundant crude protein nutritive ingredient and flavonoid medicinal ingredients, particularly crude protein content than the high 2 times of left and right of cotton seed hulls in Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs, carbon-nitrogen ratio 16-22, can be used as the good batching of edible fungus culturing matrix.But the current report there are no this respect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly take the discarded leaf slag of bark of eucommia plant extract as batching, form novel cultivation matrix and produce the method for edible mushrooms.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of novel edible fungus cultivation matrix, become and the mixed preparing of preparing burden forms by Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs, and described Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs extracts the discarded Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs after medicinal ingredients by Folium Eucommiae, through filter press, hot air circulation is dried, and is crushed to 10-60 order, and pack is made.
Described batching is one or more in cotton seed hulls, corn cob, weed tree sawdust, wheat bran, and Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs becomes and the weight proportion of batching is 0～100%:100%～0.
Optimize, in described batching, be added with terra alba, glucose and lime powder.
The present invention, according to different edible mushrooms kinds, adopts different Eucommia ulmoides leave dregses to become and batching proportioning, comprising:
For the cultivation matrix of mushroom cultivation, formulated by the component of following weight percent: Folium Eucommiae ground-slag 50%, cotton seed hulls 37.5%, terra alba 1%, wheat bran 10%, glucose 1%, lime powder 0.5%;
For the cultivation matrix of cultivating champignon, formulated by the component of following weight percent: Folium Eucommiae ground-slag 60%, cotton seed hulls 27.5%, terra alba 1%, wheat bran 10%, glucose 1%, lime powder 0.5%;
For the cultivation matrix of Volvaria volvacea cultivation, below the component of weight percent formulated: Folium Eucommiae ground-slag 87.5%, terra alba 1%, wheat bran 10%, glucose 1%, lime powder 0.5%.
Described Folium Eucommiae is high forest Folium Eucommiae and downgrades dense planting Folium Eucommiae.
Described Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs is to extract the Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs after medicinal ingredients take water as solvent or with alcohol-water mixtures.
Production method of the present invention is: Folium Eucommiae is after medicinal ingredients extracts, extractor is discharged wet Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs, pack in time plate-and-frame filter press press filtration into, filtrate is integrated with vat liquor processing, and filter residue is sent into hot air circular drying machine, under 60-70 ℃ of temperature condition, dries, need depending on producing edible mushrooms kind, the Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs of drying and batching are mixed, be ground into fineness 10-60 object Folium Eucommiae ground-slag, with polyethylene plastic bag pack.
The edible fungus that the inventive method is produced, with the comparison of pure cotton seed hulls cultivation matrix product, protein content is high, be rich in the medicinal function compositions such as eucommia bark flavone, delicious flavour, best in quality, production cost significantly reduces, and in edible fungus culturing industry, has commercial application value widely.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with concrete case study on implementation, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
By Folium Eucommiae ground-slag 2.5kg, cotton seed hulls 1.875kg, wheat bran 0.5kg, terra alba 0.05kg, after mixing, lime powder 0.025kg add appropriate water to heap fermentation, carry out every three days turning, temperature reaches 55-65 ℃ during this time, ferment and spread out after 6 days, airing adds glucose 0.05kg to mix in the time that water content is 65%, packing specification into is in 14 × 28 × 5cm high density polyethylene(HDPE) strain bag, fill altogether 25 bags or 30 bottles, autoclaving is more than 2 hours, take out, cooling, under aseptic condition, inoculate flat mushroom strain, be put in the greenhouse of 20-25 ℃ and cultivate, until mycelia purseful after one week, the immigration mushroom canopy that shelters from heat or light, the management of producing mushroom of sprinkling water, during fruiting, indoor humidity remains on 95% left and right, temperature remains on 15-20 ℃ (low temperature modification), when the edge curls inward of flat mushroom cap, when launching not yet in a large number, spore gathers in time.
Embodiment 2
By Folium Eucommiae ground-slag 3.0kg, cotton seed hulls 1.375kg, wheat bran 0.5kg, terra alba 0.05kg, after mixing, lime powder 0.025kg add appropriate water to heap fermentation, carry out every three days turning, temperature reaches 55-65 ℃ during this time, ferment and spread out after 6 days, airing adds glucose 0.05kg to mix in the time that water content is 65%, packing specification into is in 14 × 28 × 5cm high density polyethylene(HDPE) strain bag, fill altogether 25 bags, autoclaving is more than 2 hours, take out, cooling, under aseptic condition, inoculate mushroom strain, be put in the greenhouse of 20-25 ℃ and cultivate, until mycelia purseful after one week, the immigration mushroom canopy that shelters from heat or light, the management of producing mushroom of sprinkling water, during fruiting, indoor humidity remains on 95% left and right, temperature remains on 12-20 ℃.In the time that having crackle, flat mushroom cap gathers in time.
Embodiment 3
By Folium Eucommiae ground-slag 4.375kg, wheat bran 0.5kg, terra alba 0.05kg, lime powder 0.025kg, after mixing, add appropriate water to heap fermentation, carry out every three days turning, temperature reaches 55-65 ℃ during this time, ferment and spread out after 6 days, airing adds glucose 0.05kg to mix in the time that water content is 65%, packing specification into is in 14 × 28 × 5cm high density polyethylene(HDPE) strain bag, fill altogether 20 bags, autoclaving is more than 2 hours, take out, cooling, under aseptic condition, inoculate straw mushroom bacterial classification, be put in the greenhouse of 22-24 ℃ and cultivate, treat mycelia purseful about one week, move into mushroom canopy, the management of producing mushroom of sprinkling water, during fruiting, indoor humidity remains on 95% left and right, temperature remains on 12-20 ℃.
Above Folium Eucommiae ground-slag Novel edible bacteria cultivation matrix, not only reduce Bag Material cost of manufacture 24-46%, and the mushroom class of producing is nutritious, output is high, quality better, can make full use of nutritive ingredient and functional component in bark of eucommia Chinese medicine leaf slag.Wherein produce in flat mushroom protein content up to 31.72%, higher by 23.71% than contrast (pure cottonseed shell cultivation, lower with); The content of total flavones reaches 0.242%, higher by 54.7% than contrast; Lipid content 3.203%, reduces by 31.6% than contrast, and the health care value that improves edible mushrooms is had to vital role.
Embodiment 4
Utilize novel edible fungus cultivation matrix provided by the invention to produce the method for edible mushrooms, comprise the following steps:
(1) Folium Eucommiae ground-slag preparation.After Folium Eucommiae plant extract, extractor is discharged bark of eucommia wet leaf residue, pack in time plate-and-frame filter press press filtration into, filtrate is integrated with vat liquor processing, filter residue is sent into hot air circular drying machine, under 60-70 ℃ of temperature condition, dries, and needs depending on producing edible mushrooms kind and proportion scale, be ground into fineness 10-60 object Folium Eucommiae ground-slag, dress up 25kg standard bag with polyethylene plastic bag for subsequent use.
(2) edible bacterium is cultivated (cultivating as example take three grades of kinds of flat mushroom):
A. prepare potato, glucose, nutrient agar (PDA substratum.Take peeled potatoes 200-250 g, cut into slices and put into the beaker of 2000mL, 1000mL adds water, on electrothermal oven, be heated to boiling, maintain 20-30min, on Erlenmeyer flask, filter with two-layer gauze, discard filter residue, filtrate is poured in the beaker of 2000mL, keeps the skin wet to 1000mL.In beaker, add glucose 20-25g, agar 15-20g, is then placed on beaker on asbestos gauge, little fire heating, stirs, and treats that agar dissolves completely, be filled in the triangular flask of 6-8 500mL, tampon beyond the Great Wall, puts into more than high-pressure sterilizing pot carries out autoclaving half an hour.Take out sterilized substratum, be cooled to 50 ℃ of left and right, in Bechtop, pour culture dish flat board into, after culture medium solidifying, put into the constant incubator of 35 ℃-37 ℃ and cultivate 1-3 days, as there is no varied bacteria growing on substratum, can use.
B. Mother culture.Female the flat mushroom of purchase kind is inoculated in culture dish under aseptic condition, puts into the constant incubator of 20 ℃-25 ℃ and cultivate, in the time that the female kind of flat mushroom covers with culture dish 3-5 days, be transferred to test tube slant substratum enlarged culturing.
The production of c original seed and cultivar: cultured female kind in test tube is divided into 4-6 piece, moves and receive in the wide-necked bottle substratum that contains Folium Eucommiae ground-slag, cotton seed hulls, obtain original seed through constant temperature culture.Original seed is transferred on same culture medium and expands cultivation, is cultivar for the production of upper bacterial classification.General female test tube of planting connects 5 bottles of original seeds, and one bottle of original seed is connected into 10 bags of productions kind.
(3) Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs cultivation medium formula.Depending on cultivation strain difference, preparation cultivation base-material, formula examples:
A: mushroom cultivation substrate formula: Folium Eucommiae ground-slag 50%, cotton seed hulls 37.5%, terra alba 1%, wheat bran 10%, glucose 1%, lime powder 0.5%;
B: mushroom cultivation substrate formula: Folium Eucommiae ground-slag 60%, cotton seed hulls 27.5%, terra alba 1%, wheat bran 10%, glucose 1%, lime powder 0.5%;
C: Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate formula: Folium Eucommiae ground-slag 87.5%, terra alba 1%, wheat bran 10%, glucose 1%, lime powder 0.5%.
(4) Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs cultivation matrix Bag Material preparation.Press Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs cultivation medium formula batching, mix, then add appropriate water to heap fermentation, carry out every three days turning, temperature reaches 55 ℃ of-65 ℃ of left and right during this time, ferments and scatters after 6-9 days; When airing is 60%-65% to water content, add the glucose in batching, mix; It is in 14 × 28 × 5cm high density polyethylene(HDPE) strain bag that the cultivation matrix fermenting is loaded on to specification, is put in high-pressure sterilizing pot sterilizing more than 2 hours, takes out, cooling stand-by.
(5) cultivation matrix inoculation.The constant incubator of female flat mushroom of preservation kind being put into 25 ℃ activates 1-3 days, then under aseptic condition, is linked in cultivation matrix Bag Material, keeps inoculum size consistent when inoculation, and elasticity is suitable, and makes a call to an aperture in the middle of planting material, to guarantee ventilation property.
(6) be put in greenhouse or mushroom canopy and cultivate having inoculated strain bag, treat mycelia purseful about one week, to the flat mushroom management of producing mushroom of sprinkling water, will keep during this time indoor air humidity in 95% left and right, temperature is between 25 ℃-28 ℃.
Claims (8)
1. a novel edible fungus cultivation matrix, is characterized in that, is become and the mixed preparing of preparing burden forms by Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs, described Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs extracts the discarded Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs after medicinal ingredients by Folium Eucommiae, and through filter press, hot air circulation is dried, be crushed to 10-60 order, pack is made.
2. novel edible fungus cultivation matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described batching is one or more in cotton seed hulls, corn cob, weed tree sawdust, wheat bran, and Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs becomes and the weight proportion of batching is 0～100%:100%～0.
3. novel edible fungus cultivation matrix according to claim 2, is characterized in that, is added with terra alba, glucose and lime powder in batching.
4. novel edible fungus cultivation matrix according to claim 3, is characterized in that, formulated by the component of following weight percent: Folium Eucommiae ground-slag 50%, cotton seed hulls 37.5%, terra alba 1%, wheat bran 10%, glucose 1%, lime powder 0.5%.
5. novel edible fungus cultivation matrix according to claim 3, is characterized in that, formulated by the component of following weight percent: Folium Eucommiae ground-slag 60%, cotton seed hulls 27.5%, terra alba 1%, wheat bran 10%, glucose 1%, lime powder 0.5%.
6. novel edible fungus cultivation matrix according to claim 2, is characterized in that, formulated by the component of following weight percent: Folium Eucommiae ground-slag 87.5%, terra alba 1%, wheat bran 10%, glucose 1%, lime powder 0.5%.
7. novel edible fungus cultivation matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs is the Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs after extracting take water as solvent or with alcohol-water mixtures.
8. the production method of a novel edible fungus cultivation matrix as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise: Folium Eucommiae is after medicinal ingredients extracts, extractor is discharged wet Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs, pack in time plate-and-frame filter press press filtration into, filtrate is integrated with vat liquor processing, filter residue is sent into hot air circular drying machine, under 60-70 ℃ of temperature condition, dry, need depending on producing edible mushrooms kind, the Eucommia ulmoides leave dregs of drying and batching are mixed, be ground into fineness 10-60 object Folium Eucommiae ground-slag, with polyethylene plastic bag pack.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104150975A (en) * | 2014-08-05 | 2014-11-19 | 滨州鑫龙农业开发有限公司 | Marine edible and medicinal fungus culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN105850505A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-08-17 | 丽江中源绿色食品有限公司 | Shiitake planting method |
| CN107500912A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-22 | 贵州省印江县印兰生态菌业有限公司 | A kind of cultivation matrix for improving mushroom medical value and preparation method thereof |
| CN107567956A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-01-12 | 吉首大学 | Utilize the method for folium cortex eucommiae cultivation handle mushroom |
| CN109197193A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-15 | 潍坊职业学院 | A kind of method of U.S.'s autumn flame Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum' rapid cuttage breeding |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104150975A (en) * | 2014-08-05 | 2014-11-19 | 滨州鑫龙农业开发有限公司 | Marine edible and medicinal fungus culture medium and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107567956A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-01-12 | 吉首大学 | Utilize the method for folium cortex eucommiae cultivation handle mushroom |
| CN107500912A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-22 | 贵州省印江县印兰生态菌业有限公司 | A kind of cultivation matrix for improving mushroom medical value and preparation method thereof |
| CN109197193A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-15 | 潍坊职业学院 | A kind of method of U.S.'s autumn flame Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum' rapid cuttage breeding |
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Application publication date: 20140528 |