CN104030846A - Mushroom culture medium and preparing method thereof - Google Patents

Mushroom culture medium and preparing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104030846A
CN104030846A CN201410311096.3A CN201410311096A CN104030846A CN 104030846 A CN104030846 A CN 104030846A CN 201410311096 A CN201410311096 A CN 201410311096A CN 104030846 A CN104030846 A CN 104030846A
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culture medium
mushroom culture
mushroom
aloe
gypsum
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CN201410311096.3A
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CN104030846B (en
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王运凤
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Chongqing Rongchang District Umbrella Mushroom Planting Co ltd
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Luxuriant Source Guilin Agrotechnique Development Corp Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a mushroom culture medium. The mushroom medium is made of raw materials composed of, by weight, 30%-40% of wood bits, 15%-25% of momordica grosvenori dregs, 15%-20% of rice bran, 0.5%-0.8% of sacccharose, 0.1%-0.3% of magnesium sulfate, 13%-18% of corn flour, 0.5%-1.3% of gypsum and 5%-8% of aloe. The invention further provides a preparing method of the mushroom culture medium. The mushroom culture medium not only can meet the growth requirement of mushrooms, but also has the anti-bacterial function, thereby preventing contaminative microbes and protecting mushroom strains. The mushrooms cultured by adopting the mushroom culture medium is fresh, sweet, crisp and tender and excellent in taste and has strong fragrance owned by the mushrooms.

Description

A kind of mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to culture medium of edible fungus technical field, particularly relate to a kind of mushroom culture medium.
Background technology
China has become Edible Fungi big country, and till 2013, the Edible Fungi amount that China produces accounts for the more than 70% of Gross World Product.Edible Fungi has become the rural area three industries of laying equal stress on plant husbandry, aquaculture, is the important channel of China mountain area or poverty-stricken area peasant programme.But, exist the serious phenomenons such as raw material consumption is large, economical efficiency is low, output ratio reversal of the natural order of things in China's Edible Fungi.Study a kind of culture medium prescription, improve output and the quality of edible mushrooms, become the new demand in edible mushrooms market.
Mushroom, as a kind of edible mushrooms, contains high protein, lower fat, polysaccharide, multiple amino acids and multivitamin.Mushroom has multiple medicinal function, as improved body's immunity, delays senility, cancer-resisting, hypotensive, reducing blood-fat, decreasing cholesterol, mushroom also, to therapeutic actions such as diabetes, pulmonary tuberculosis, infectious hepatitis, neuritiss, can be used for again maldigestion, constipation etc.
Mushroom is the traditional exporting of China, has realized at present mass-producing, Bag Materialization cultivation.But due to extensive planting type, shortage science, supporting living contaminants measure, living contaminants harm is increased, become the critical limitation factor of mushroom high yield, stable yields.So the harm of effectively controlling mushroom miscellaneous bacteria is the important step that realizes mushroom high yield, stable yields, high-quality.How to find a kind of mushroom culture medium with antibacterial and become the new demand that mushroom is cultivated.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of mushroom culture medium with antibacterial.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of mushroom culture medium, is made up of the raw material of following weight percent: wood chip 30%～40%, arhat pomace 15%～25%, rice bran 15%～20%, Semen Maydis powder 13%～18%, aloe 5%～8%, sucrose 0.5%～0.8%, gypsum 0.5%～1.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%～0.3%.
Preferably, a kind of mushroom culture medium, is made up of the raw material of following weight percent: wood chip 38.6%, arhat pomace 23%, rice bran 15%, Semen Maydis powder 15%, aloe 7%, sucrose 0.7%, gypsum 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%.
For making substratum have antibacterial, the present invention has added arhat pomace in substratum, and arhat pomace of the present invention is that Grosvenor Momordica extracts the slag producing after activeconstituents, as extracted the slag producing after Momordica-Glycosides.For strengthening the bacteria resistance function of substratum of the present invention, also add aloe.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of mushroom culture medium, comprises the following steps:
(1) wood dust is broken into 1～2mm particle, Grosvenor Momordica ground-slag is broken into 50～100 order fine powders;
(2) aloe is removed the peel to pulping, mixes with wood pellet, gypsum, rice bran, Semen Maydis powder, arhat pomace fine powder, by sucrose with magnesium sulfate is soluble in water pours in compound, spray water while stirring to water ratio be 60%～70%;
(3) substratum is packed into after film barrel bag, steam sterilizing, is cooled to 20～25 DEG C, obtains mushroom culture medium.
Preferably, the diameter of above-mentioned film barrel bag is 10～20cm, and length is 40～50cm.
Preferably, above-mentioned steam sterilizing carries out under atmospheric pressure state, by substratum sterilizing 4～6h in 110 DEG C of steam.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) aloe is containing xylogen, aloietic acid, saponin, anthraquinone, aloin, styracin quinone, Barbaloin A is large, rhabarberone, isobarbaloin, Schuttgelb, anthracene, phenol, chrysophanic acid, the stabilization Aloe gel compositions such as anthracene, VITMAIN B1, folic acid, Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate. vitamins C, vitamin-E, vitamin B6, the VITAMIN such as vitamin A choline, inorganic elements Ca, Mierocrystalline cellulose, glucose, L-rhamnosyl, glycosides reveals sugar, art sugar waits monose and mucopolysaccharide, oxydase, lipase, amylase, the enzymes such as catalase, Methionin, leucine, Threonine, Isoleucine, phenylalanine, the indispensable amino acids such as α-amino-isovaleric acid.Nutritive ingredient is abundant, can provide the VITMAIN B1 that enough nutritive ingredients, particularly mushroom can not be synthetic, Ca, xylogen and indispensable amino acid that mushroom growth is required for substratum.
(2) the arhat pomace in medicine company, grocery trade is many as waste disposal, waste resource.The water soluble fibre that arhat pomace contains is easily absorbed by mushroom, and the present invention sets it as the composition of substratum, can meet the growth needs of mushroom, improve the quality of mushroom, can make full use of resource, avoid the waste of resource simultaneously, realize the reusable edible of resource, reduce energy consumption.
(3) aloe that the present invention adds in substratum and arhat pomace not only can be for mushroom provides nutritive ingredient, also make substratum have antibacterial.The tinctura aloes containing in aloe is the material that germ resistance is very strong, the germs such as energy killing fungus, mould, bacterium, virus, the growth breeding of inhibition and eliminating pathogen, the germ class of aloe antibiotic sterilization has: diphtheria bacterium, tetanolysin, pulmonitis strain, milk-acid bacteria, dysentery bacillus, colibacillus, Bubonic plague bacterium, cholera bacteria and the germ that causes the diseases such as otitis media, urocystitis, pyesis, measles, rabies, poliomyelitis, epidemic encephalitis, the mould fungi of aloe antibiotic has: wood is mould, mould, Mucor, Neurospora, head mold etc.In arhat pomace, contain abundant flavones and Flavonoid substances, Candida albicans, gas bacillus, subtilis, Sarcina lutea are had to certain restraining effect, prevent that bacterial classification is by living contaminants, improve output and the quality of mushroom, raw material is easy to get, relatively cheap.
(4) mushroom that adopts culture medium culturing of the present invention to go out is fresh and sweet tender and crisp, and excellent taste, has the distinctive fragrance of aromatic mushroom.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of mushroom culture medium, is made up of the raw material of following weight percent: wood chip 40%, arhat pomace 20%, rice bran 20%, sucrose 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, Semen Maydis powder 13%, gypsum 1.2%, aloe 5%.
The preparation method of mushroom culture medium, comprises the steps:
(1) wood dust is broken into 1mm particle, Grosvenor Momordica ground-slag is broken into 50 order fine powders;
(2) aloe is removed the peel to pulping, mixes with wood pellet, gypsum, rice bran, Semen Maydis powder, arhat pomace fine powder, by sucrose with magnesium sulfate is soluble in water pours in compound, spray water while stirring to water ratio be 60%;
(3) substratum being packed into diameter is 10cm, and length, for after 40cm polythene material film barrel bag, by substratum sterilizing 4h in 110 DEG C of steam, is cooled to 20 DEG C under atmospheric pressure state, obtains mushroom culture medium.
Embodiment 2
A kind of mushroom culture medium, is made up of the raw material of following weight percent: wood chip 38.6%, arhat pomace 23%, rice bran 15%, sucrose 0.7%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%, Semen Maydis powder 15%, gypsum 0.5%, aloe 7%.
The preparation method of mushroom culture medium, comprises the steps:
(1) wood dust is broken into 1.5mm particle, Grosvenor Momordica ground-slag is broken into 70 order fine powders;
(2) aloe is removed the peel to pulping, mixes with wood pellet, gypsum, rice bran, Semen Maydis powder, arhat pomace fine powder, by sucrose with magnesium sulfate is soluble in water pours in compound, spray water while stirring to water ratio be 70%;
(3) substratum being packed into diameter is 15cm, and length, for after 45cm polythene material film barrel bag, by substratum sterilizing 5h in 110 DEG C of steam, is cooled to 23 DEG C under atmospheric pressure state, obtains mushroom culture medium.
Embodiment 3
A kind of mushroom culture medium, is made up of the raw material of following weight percent: wood chip 30%, arhat pomace 25%, rice bran 16.8%, sucrose 0.8%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, Semen Maydis powder 18%, gypsum 1.3%, aloe 8%.
The preparation method of mushroom culture medium, comprises the steps:
(1) wood dust is broken into 1.5mm particle, Grosvenor Momordica ground-slag is broken into 80 order fine powders;
(2) aloe is removed the peel to pulping, mixes with wood pellet, gypsum, rice bran, Semen Maydis powder, arhat pomace fine powder, by sucrose with magnesium sulfate is soluble in water pours in compound, spray water while stirring to water ratio be 65%;
(3) substratum being packed into diameter is 20cm, and length, for after 50cm polythene material film barrel bag, by substratum sterilizing 6h in 110 DEG C of steam, is cooled to 25 DEG C under atmospheric pressure state, obtains mushroom culture medium.
Embodiment 4
A kind of mushroom culture medium, is made up of the raw material of following weight percent: wood chip 36.6%, arhat pomace 15%, rice bran 20%, sucrose 0.8%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, Semen Maydis powder 18%, gypsum 1.3%, aloe 8%.
The preparation method of mushroom culture medium, comprises the steps:
(1) wood dust is broken into 2mm particle, Grosvenor Momordica ground-slag is broken into 100 order fine powders;
(2) aloe is removed the peel to pulping, mixes with wood pellet, gypsum, rice bran, Semen Maydis powder, arhat pomace fine powder, by sucrose with magnesium sulfate is soluble in water pours in compound, spray water while stirring to water ratio be 70%;
(3) substratum being packed into diameter is 15cm, and length, for after 50cm polythene material film barrel bag, by substratum sterilizing 6h in 110 DEG C of steam, is cooled to 24 DEG C under atmospheric pressure state, obtains mushroom culture medium.
Test example: the test of the mushroom culture medium containing aloe and arhat pomace of the present invention to mushroom mycelium growth effect
1, test strain: mushroom 939, is provided by edible mushrooms institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
2, culture medium prescription:
Mushroom culture medium formula containing aloe and arhat pomace: the embodiment of the present invention 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4.
Do not contain the mushroom culture medium formula of aloe and arhat pomace:
Formula 1: wood chip 40%, rice bran 20%, sucrose 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, Semen Maydis powder 13%, gypsum 1.2%, water 25%.
Formula 2: wood chip 38.6%, rice bran 15%, sucrose 0.7%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%, Semen Maydis powder 15%, gypsum 0.5%, water 30%.
Formula 3: wood chip 30%, rice bran 16.8%, sucrose 0.8%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, Semen Maydis powder 18%, gypsum 1.3%, water 33%.
Formula 4: wood chip 36.6%, rice bran 20%, sucrose 0.8%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, Semen Maydis powder 18%, gypsum 1.3%, water 23%.
3, test method:
With the test tube of 20mm × 20mm, each formula is each fills 30, and substratum loading amount is test tube 1/3, and sterilizing is coolingly made isometric inclined-plane, and each formula access mushroom 939 bacterial classifications, are placed in 25 DEG C of incubators and cultivate, and observe mycelial growth situation every day.Record the mycelium germination time, measure mycelial growth rate, the growing way of mycelia, the mycelia full packages time, the situation of statistics substratum training living contaminants, repeats 3 times.
4, test-results:
Table 1 mushroom 939 is mycelial growth situation on different culture media
Note: a little less than+expression mycelial growth potential, sparse; ++ represent that mycelial growth potential is stronger, closeer; +++ represent that mycelial growth potential is strong, close.
As can be seen from Table 1, the mycelium germination time on embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4 substratum and and the full packages time all than short containing on the substratum of aloe and arhat pomace not.Containing mycelia growing way on the substratum of aloe and arhat pomace than a little less than on embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4 substratum, the average speed of growth is also slower.Therefore known, the mushroom culture medium that contains aloe and arhat pomace can improve the Quality and yield of mushroom.
Table 2 different culture media is by the situation of living contaminants
As can be seen from Table 2, the mushroom culture medium that adds aloe and arhat pomace has certain restraining effect to miscellaneous bacteria, and the mushroom culture medium that does not add aloe and arhat pomace is by some living contaminantses.

Claims (6)

1. a mushroom culture medium, it is characterized in that, raw material by following weight percent is made: wood chip 30%～40%, arhat pomace 15%～25%, rice bran 15%～20%, Semen Maydis powder 13%～18%, aloe 5%～8%, sucrose 0.5%～0.8%, gypsum 0.5%～1.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%～0.3%.
2. mushroom culture medium according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is made up of the raw material of following weight percent: wood chip 38.6%, arhat pomace 23%, rice bran 15%, Semen Maydis powder 15%, aloe 7%, sucrose 0.7%, gypsum 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%.
3. mushroom culture medium according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described arhat pomace is that Grosvenor Momordica extracts the slag producing after activeconstituents.
4. a preparation method for mushroom culture medium, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) wood dust is broken into 1～2mm particle, Grosvenor Momordica ground-slag is broken into 50～100 order fine powders;
(2) aloe is removed the peel to pulping, mixes with wood pellet, gypsum, rice bran, Semen Maydis powder, arhat pomace fine powder, by sucrose with magnesium sulfate is soluble in water pours in compound, spray water while stirring to water ratio be 60%～70%;
(3) substratum is packed into after film barrel bag, steam sterilizing, is cooled to 20～25 DEG C, obtains mushroom culture medium.
5. the preparation method of mushroom culture medium according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the diameter of described film barrel bag is 10～20cm, and length is 40～50cm.
6. according to the preparation method of the mushroom culture medium described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that: described steam sterilizing carries out under atmospheric pressure state, by substratum sterilizing 4～6h in 110 DEG C of steam.
CN201410311096.3A 2014-06-30 2014-06-30 A kind of mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN104030846B (en)

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