CN103402876A - 用于特别是食品的真空包装的装置 - Google Patents

用于特别是食品的真空包装的装置 Download PDF

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CN103402876A
CN103402876A CN2011800600096A CN201180060009A CN103402876A CN 103402876 A CN103402876 A CN 103402876A CN 2011800600096 A CN2011800600096 A CN 2011800600096A CN 201180060009 A CN201180060009 A CN 201180060009A CN 103402876 A CN103402876 A CN 103402876A
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pressurizer
pallet
upper chambers
bottom compartment
film
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CN103402876B (zh
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M·斯科拉罗
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Extru SA
Blu Pack di Scolaro Mauro
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Extru SA
Blu Pack di Scolaro Mauro
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B31/00Packaging articles or materials under special atmospheric or gaseous conditions; Adding propellants to aerosol containers
    • B65B31/02Filling, closing, or filling and closing, containers or wrappers in chambers maintained under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure or containing a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B7/00Closing containers or receptacles after filling
    • B65B7/16Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B65B7/28Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons by applying separate preformed closures, e.g. lids, covers
    • B65B7/2842Securing closures on containers
    • B65B7/2878Securing closures on containers by heat-sealing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/745Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
    • B29C65/7451Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool the severing tool and the welding tool being movable with respect to one-another
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/745Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
    • B29C65/7461Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool for making welds and cuts of other than simple rectilinear form
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    • B29C65/74Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5346Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B29C66/53461Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81463General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/816General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8167Quick change joining tools or surfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/8242Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/8322Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B65B31/025Filling, closing, or filling and closing, containers or wrappers in chambers maintained under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure or containing a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas specially adapted for rigid or semi-rigid containers
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Abstract

一种包装装置,其特别地用于在受控大气中并且借助于塑料的薄膜包装装有食品或技术材料的托盘。所述装置包括上部室和下部室,所述上部室和下部室可以通过互相叠置它们而被紧固并且各自在内部设有多个同心地布置的热封和/或切割和/或模切设备。下部室居中地设有多个用于托盘的支撑设备。

Description

用于特别是食品的真空包装的装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种包装装置,其特别地用于食品或技术材料(technicalmaterials)。
背景技术
真空机器目前是已知的,其具有钟形的室并且包括与也被称作真空室的一个室连接的真空泵,在所述室内通常有预成型袋状物,所述袋状物在三个侧面开放并且食品被置于其内部。
在这些已知类型的机器中,已经在其内具有产品的预成型袋状物然后插入真空室中并且然后在室内产生真空;然后在预成型袋状物的自由侧提供热封。
这一已知技术必然需要使用因此具有可以与产品的尺寸相比拟的尺寸的预成型袋状物。另外,需要大量的劳动。
因此,产生了增加实现产品的真空包装所需的时间的操作步骤。此外,如果包装在受控大气中进行,那么由于气体不仅扩散到袋状物中而且大多还扩散到真空室内,因此很大一部分的气体被浪费。
还已知了EP603704,其中食品通过使用塑料的薄膜被包装,塑料的薄膜被引导通过折叠站(folding station)以便获得双层并且然后被热封从而限定袋状物。
这些袋状物在被装填和密封之前以理想的尺寸或容量而获得。
热封和成型之后有装填,以及有由此获得的口袋或袋状物的闭合和切割。然而,这种方案是复杂的,因为其具有用于进行单项操作的多个的且不同的站,塑料的薄膜必须依次经历所述站。
此外,提供了塑料的薄膜的热成型或冷成型,并且还借助于喷嘴提供了液体产品、粉末或精细粒化的产品的装填,因此不可能考虑将所描述的方案用于具有预定体积的实体产品,例如火腿片和腊肠片、分成份的肉、奶酪、装有食物和非食物产品的托盘。
另外,在所描述的已知方案中,为了实现口袋或袋状物的闭合,必须使其经过操作的各个步骤,随之而来就需要袋状物在每个站处的最优的居中,从而实现最优的和理想的加工。
还已知了EPA0405718,其说明了一种特别是用于包装食品或技术材料的包装装置的方案,所述食品或技术材料可以从其开放侧中的一侧插入在单次折叠薄膜的纵向折叠部分之间。所述装置包括:大体为L形从而在开放纵向侧且在其横向侧密封薄膜的热粘合设备或热封设备,以及用于产生真空和/或用于引入气体或混合物的至少一个喷嘴。
还已知了EP0832819B1,其具有日期为1996年9月26日的意大利申请AL960002作为其优先权,描述了一种包括真空室的包装装置,所述真空室可以开启以接收一段具有待包装材料插入其中的至少一个单次折叠薄膜,并且相应地可以封闭地闭合,在此之后,可以为呈现口袋状结构的这部分薄膜或这段薄膜产生真空和/或引入气体或混合物,此外提供了被布置用于在真空室内操作的热封设备,至少一个喷嘴被布置在真空室处,从而在其闭合之后朝向这段薄膜的开放的纵向侧和/或横向侧指向。
这一方案不是没有缺点的,因为已经在薄膜的热封期间观察到微褶皱的形成,并且这必然会引起密封性的问题以及损害包装的美观外形。
此外,气体在薄膜内部的流动不是最优的,这降低了装置的效率。
最后,当操作者拉动片材时,所述片材可能呈现不正确的布置。
还注意到另一个问题:当真空被提供到钟状物中,并且因此被提供到正在被成型的袋状物中时,此时必然需要为真空局部地补偿气体;然而,如果补偿过度,则钟状物在热封期间开启。
由于在特别可变的平衡状态下与系统一起工作,因此对于被引入正在被成型的袋子或袋状物中的气体的体积,不存在精确的控制。
因此无论以绝对值计还是以相对值(%)计,残留在正在被成型的袋状物内的气体的量都极大地可变并且难以控制,这导致供应出一系列根据具体情况或多或少被充气或放气的袋状物或包装袋。
如果经常需要改变包装的版式,则这一问题恶化。
在薄膜的热封步骤中观察到另一问题,所述薄膜在相对薄膜进给方向的横向侧被热封和切割:由于其通常由热收缩材料制成,因此薄膜可能缩回,缩短其宽度,并且这可能妨碍容纳正在送来的托盘。
由此托盘可能到达并发现空间不足以容纳它,这使其朝向袋状物的开放侧转移,终止于纵向热封杆上,导致机器停机时间和浪费用于清洁机器的时间。
最后,注意到发生空气进入钟状物或真空室中的回流,由于构造上的原因,所述回流通常借助于三通阀的使用而发生在远离热封杆或与真空孔重合的区域,但是这不会优化钟状物内的气流的输送。
还已知了用于预成型托盘的热封机器。为了使用热封机,并且因此当有必要改变待密封的包装的尺寸然后利用模压切割机修剪被热封到托盘边缘上的薄膜时,用户必须通过改变至少一个机械部件而介入,所述机械部件通常被称为模具。
通过形状类似待包装托盘的热的上部元件、通过跟随(或仿照)托盘的边缘以便切割薄膜的模压切割机,并且通过构成托盘的插孔以用于热封和切割的下部元件,构成这样的模具。
观察到由根据待热封托盘的形状改变模具所需的大量时间构成的问题。
还有机器已知,为了给系统更大的灵活性,一旦机器已经停止,所述机器就提供模具的上部元件的自动改变。这样的上部元件设有两个或更多个(多至四个)模具,所述模具具有两个或更多个绕水平轴线旋转的真空室。
以这样的方式,操作者为了改变模具必须在停止机器之后选择他或她将使用哪个模具并且将预热该模具。
一旦理想的温度已经达到,就必须旋转上部元件,将它带到工作区域处,并且物理地替换下部元件(其必须与上部元件精确地匹配)以便然后能够利用新的版式开始工作。
这一方案在机械上非常复杂和昂贵,并且它还具有加工停机时间,其影响机器的总成本。
发明内容
因此本发明的宗旨在于通过提供一种装置来解决上述技术问题、消除所引用的背景技术的缺点,所述装置使得可以迅速地和简单地实现技术产品或食品的真空包装或补偿真空或仅仅是密封,所述食品例如是置于理想尺寸的托盘中的火腿片和腊肠片、分成份的肉、奶酪。
在这个宗旨之内,本方案的目的在于提供一种装置,其使得可以在短时间内实现置于理想尺寸的托盘中的产品的真空包装或补偿真空或仅仅是密封,并且没有任何机器停机的需要。
另一目的在于提供一种装置,其在结构上简单,并且甚至能够由没有被特别培训过的操作者使用。
另一目的在于提供一种装置,其允许托盘的最优的热封,避免机器停机和浪费用于清洁所述机器和替换模具的时间。
这一宗旨和这些目的以及其它将在下文中变得更清楚的宗旨和目的通过一种包装装置实现,其特别地用于在受控大气中并且借助于塑料的薄膜包装装有食品或技术材料的托盘,其特征在于,所述装置包括适于限定用于容纳托盘的室的上部室和下部室,所述上部室和下部室能够通过互相叠置它们而被紧固,并且各自在内部设有多个同心地布置的热封设备和/或切割设备和/或模切设备,所述下部室居中地设有多个用于所述托盘的支撑设备。
附图说明
通过以附图中的非限制性示例的方式示出的两个特定实施方式的详细说明,本发明的其它特征和优点将变得更清楚,在附图中:
图1是在没有用于薄膜的支撑辊的情况下的装置的局部剖面侧向透视图;
图2是装置的第一侧视图;
图3是沿图2的线III-III截取的剖视图;
图4是装置的顶视图;
图5是装置的第二侧视图;
图6到图10是装置的运行的剖视图;
图11是装置在图8中示出的一个细节中的视图。
具体实施方式
在下述的示例性实施方式中,与特定示例相关地给出的单个特征实际上可以与存在于其它示例性实施方式中的其它不同特征互换。
参考附图,附图标记1表示特别是用于包装置于适配托盘2内的技术材料或食品的装置。
装置1包括形状类似真空钟状物的上部室3和下部室4,上部室3和下部室4基本上由容器构成,所述容器可以通过叠置而封闭地紧固到另一个容器上。
还存在未示出的已知设备,其适合于在上部室3和下部室4内获得受控大气或真空。
未示出的用于气密性的适配条带或垫圈沿周边设置到上部室3和下部室4的侧边缘5a、5b。
装置优选地使用由塑料制成的薄膜6,薄膜6从关联于上部区域中的适配辊7处并且在上部室3的一侧展开,然后在处于上部室3和下部室4的侧边缘5a、5b近端的适配引导元件对8a、8b上被引导。
薄膜6然后被重新卷绕到由被布置在上部室3的侧面的适配第一马达10操作的卷绕器上。
热封和/或切割和/或模切设备被提供在各个上部室3和下部室4内,并且被同心地布置在所述室内,从而内部地且居中地限定自由空间11,使托盘2作用于所述自由空间11上。
热封和/或切割和/或模切设备由一系列上部加压器12a、12b、12c组成,上部加压器12a、12b、12c插入彼此中、彼此同轴地布置在上部室3内并且设有热封和/或切割和/或模切系统。
在特定的实施方式中,上部加压器总计共有三个,但是它们的数量也可以根据特定的要求而不同。
热封和/或切割和/或模切设备还包括一系列下部加压器13a、13b、13c,下部加压器13a、13b、13c被布置为在下部室4内同轴地插入彼此中,并且相对上部加压器12a、12b、12c被布置从而分别对应于上部加压器。
上部加压器12a、12b、12c和下部加压器13a、13b、13c由此可以竖直地移动,因为它们由例如为气压缸的适配致动器14致动,适配致动器14优选地布置在上部室3上方和下部室4下方。
作为一替代方案,只有上部加压器12a、12b、12c或只有下部加压器13a、13b、13c可以是可移动的。
在示出的特定实施方式中,上部加压器12a、12b、12c呈盒形,其高度对应于待热封的特定的托盘2。下部加压器13a、13b、13c不同地由具有相同高度的同心环构成,其功能是抵靠相应的和覆盖的上部加压器12a、12b、12c的周边边缘15。
在邻近面对上部加压器12a、12b、12c的端部的侧边缘处,下部加压器13a、13b、13c还设有适于允许在工作周期期间切割薄膜6的刀片19,如图11所示。
在自由空间11处设有可以借助于适配轴17相对下部室4竖直地移动的平面部16,适配轴17可以相对下部室4的底座18滑动。
托盘2的支撑物有利地可以是弹簧加载型。
本发明的使用如下所述。
上部加压器12a、12b、12c和下部加压器13a、13b、13c的使得前者与后者同心或至少前者被包含在后者中的布置使得能够预先确定待使用的托盘的类型,实现薄膜6的迅速和简单的热封和切割。
事前,操作者无论如何不必选择他或她希望包装哪个托盘,而是简单地将理想尺寸的托盘放置在适配装载区中,相对装置1的装载平面部16使它居中。
作为一替代方案,可以提供自动设备以用于在将托盘2送到装置1之前使托盘2居中。
此时托盘可以手动地或借助于适配的固定行程推进器被插入其在装置1内部的位置,并且由此被定位在平面部16上,如图3所示。
装载系统借助于移动单元将它带到尺寸测定系统/居中系统。一旦系统已经识别出托盘的尺寸,托盘就经由移动系统被自动地置于其下部装载区域的中心处,同时适合于待热封的托盘类型的薄膜执行进给。
此时上部室3和下部室4闭合,后者上升(参见图6),同时上部加压器12a、12b、12c当中理想的一个(参见图7是上部加压器12c)和下部加压器13a、13b、13c当中相应的一个(参见图8)竖直地移动。
由此例如真空或气体真空循环可以启动,并且在其结束时热封和切割步骤开始,所述步骤通过运用上部加压器和下部加压器执行(例如参见图8,其中下部加压器13c的刀片19已经上升并且沿着托盘2的边缘切割薄膜6),或借助于将压力施加到对应于托盘的适配热封块上并且将薄膜热封和切割到托盘上的机械系统或另一种已知类型的系统执行。
一旦这一步骤已经结束,真空室就开启(参见图9,其中上部加压器12c也已经上升并且下部室4已经下降)并且下部加压器13a、13b、13c下降,并且平面部16上升直至刚刚被密封的托盘2被带到卸载水平位置以便继续进行新的加工(参见图10)。
如已经示出的那样,能够在各个循环中装载呈理想版式的托盘的应用的实用性已经得以实现,托盘在不需要操作者方面的任何介入的情况下被热封和模切。
根据所选择尺寸的托盘2的尺寸,装置1显然包括适于启动上部加压器12a、12b、12c和下部加压器13a、13b、13c的设备以用于热封和切割。
图3、6、7、8、9和10示出了装置的运行。
由此已经发现本发明已经实现了预定的宗旨和目的,已经获得了一种装置,其可以迅速地和简单地,并且在不需要任何机器停机的情况下,实现技术产品或食品的真空包装或补偿真空或仅仅是密封,所述食品例如是置于理想尺寸的托盘中的火腿片和腊肠片、分成份的肉、奶酪。
另外,所述装置在结构上简单,并且甚至能够由没有被特别培训过的操作者使用。
本发明当然容许具有多个修改方案和变化形式,所有的修改方案和变化形式都处于所附权利要求的范围之内。
由此,例如还可以同时装载两个托盘并且使产量翻倍。
替代地,可以有被锚固到上部室3或被锚固到下部室4的模压切割机系统,或借助于机械的或电化学的定位单元使部件居中的系统。
根据特定的要求,上部加压器12a、12b、12c和下部加压器13a、13b、13c的形状和数量当然可以完全不同。
便利地,不仅可以提供以上所提及的居中设备,而且可以提供用于识别托盘类型的设备,其适于基于托盘大小或基于托盘本身上存在的代码识别托盘。
有利地,识别设备可以包括视觉系统。
作为另一替代方案,可以在上部室处设置多个热封和/或切割和/或模切设备,所述设置的方式类似于如上所述的方式,但区别在于这样的热封和/或切割和/或模切设备被固定。
因此,与第一实施方式不同,热封和/或切割和/或模切仅仅通过朝向上部室移动下部室发生,而不致动以降低上部室的单个热封和/或切割和/或模切设备。
基本上,在这个第二实施方式中在上部室处没有加压器设备。
所使用的薄膜既可以是单次折叠的也可以是平片型的。
根据特定的要求,构成本发明的单个构件所使用的材料以及大小当然可以更为恰当。
用于执行某些不同功能的各个设备不需要只是必然地同时存在于所示出的实施方式中,而是其本身可以存在于许多实施方式中,包括未示出的实施方式。
作为有利的、便利的等被指出的特征也可以被省略或由等同物替换。
本申请要求优先权的意大利专利中请号TV2010A000164中的公开内容通过引用结合于本文中。
在任意的权利要求中提及的技术特征之后有附图标记,这些附图标记出于提高权利要求可理解性的唯一目的被写入,因此这样的附图标记对于通过所述附图标记的示例标示的各个元件的解释不具有任何限制作用。

Claims (14)

1.一种包装装置(1),特别地用于在受控大气中并且借助于塑料的薄膜(6)包装装有食品或技术材料的托盘,其特征在于,所述包装装置(1)包括适于限定用于容纳托盘(2)的室的上部室(3)和下部室(4),所述上部室(3)和所述下部室(4)能够通过互相叠置它们而被紧固,并且各自在内部设有多个同心地布置的热封设备和/或切割设备和/或模切设备(12a、12b、12c、13a、13b、13c),所述下部室(4)居中地设有用于所述托盘(2)的支撑设备。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述薄膜是单次折叠的薄膜(6),所述上部室(3)和所述下部室(4)由容器构成,所述容器可以通过叠置被封闭地紧固到另一个容器上,用于气密性的条带或垫圈沿周边被设置到所述上部室(3)和所述下部室(4)的侧边缘(5a、5b)。
3.根据权利要求1和2所述的装置,其特征在于,塑料的所述薄膜(6)从关联于上部区域中的适配辊(7)处并且在所述上部室(3)的一侧被展开,然后在处于所述上部室(3)和所述下部室(4)的所述侧边缘(5a、5b)的近端的引导件对(8a、8b)上被引导,所述薄膜(6)然后被重新卷绕到由布置在所述上部室(3)的侧面的第一马达(10)控制的卷绕器(9)上。
4.根据权利要求1和3所述的装置,其特征在于,热封设备和/或切割设备和/或模切设备被布置在所述上部室(3)和所述下部室(4)中每一个内,并且被同心地布置在所述室内,从而内部地且居中地限定自由空间(11),使所述托盘(2)作用于所述自由空间(11)上。
5.根据权利要求1和4所述的装置,其特征在于,所述热封设备和/或切割设备和/或模切设备由一系列的上部加压器(12a、12b、12c)组成,所述上部加压器(12a、12b、12c)插入彼此中并且彼此同轴地布置在所述上部室(3)内并且设有热封系统和/或切割系统和/或模切系统。
6.根据权利要求1和5所述的装置,其特征在于,所述上部加压器总计共有三个。
7.根据权利要求1和5所述的装置,其特征在于,所述热封设备和/或切割设备和/或模切设备包括一系列的下部加压器(13a、13b、13c),所述下部加压器(13a、13b、13c)插入彼此中并且在下部室(4)内同轴,并且相对于所述上部加压器(12a、12b、12c)被布置,从而分别对应于所述上部加压器。
8.根据权利要求1、6或7所述的装置,其特征在于,所述上部加压器(12a、12b、12c)和所述下部加压器(13a、13b、13c)可单个地或一起地或交替地竖直移动,并且由优选布置在所述上部室(3)上方和所述下部室(4)下方的致动器(14)控制,所述致动器(14)例如为气压缸。
9.根据权利要求1至7中的一项或多项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述上部室(3)的所述上部加压器(12a、12b、12c)被固定。
10.根据前述权利要求中的一项或多项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述上部加压器(12a、12b、12c)呈盒形,所述上部加压器(12a、12b、12c)的高度对应于待热封的特定的托盘(2),所述下部加压器(13a、13b、13c)由相等高度的同心环构成,所述下部加压器(13a、13b、13c)的功能是抵靠相应的和覆盖的上部加压器(12a、12b、12c)的周边边缘(15),所述下部加压器(13a、13b、13c)在邻近面对所述上部加压器(12a、12b、12c)的端部处设有刀片(19),所述刀片(19)适于允许在工作周期期间切割所述薄膜(6)。
11.根据前述权利要求中的一项或多项所述的装置,其特征在于,平面部(16)被设置在所述自由空间(11)处,所述平面部(16)能够借助于适配轴(17)相对于所述下部室(4)竖直地移动,所述适配轴(17)能够相对于所述下部室(4)的底座(18)滑动,所述托盘(2)的支撑物是弹簧加载型。
12.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述薄膜(6)是平片型。
13.一种包装方法,使用根据前述权利要求中的一项或多项所述的装置,所述方法特别地用于在受控大气中并且借助于塑料的薄膜(6)包装装有食品或技术材料的托盘(2),其特征在于,所述方法包括以下步骤:
-通过使托盘居中,在所述上部室下方的位置将托盘定位在支撑物处,所述支撑物被布置在所述下部室处;
-朝向所述上部室移动所述下部室或朝向所述下部室移动所述上部室,以用于闭合,致动被选择以对应于所述托盘的大小的上部加压器设备和/或下部加压器设备。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括在致动所述加压器设备之前自动确定所述托盘的尺寸的步骤。
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