CN103355071A - Ecological fish farming method in rice field and ecological rice produced by rice plants - Google Patents
Ecological fish farming method in rice field and ecological rice produced by rice plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN103355071A CN103355071A CN2013100075605A CN201310007560A CN103355071A CN 103355071 A CN103355071 A CN 103355071A CN 2013100075605 A CN2013100075605 A CN 2013100075605A CN 201310007560 A CN201310007560 A CN 201310007560A CN 103355071 A CN103355071 A CN 103355071A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological fish farming method in a rice field, which comprises the following steps of rice field preparation, rice field transformation, fish farming facility preparation, rice seedling transplantation, biosorption, rice field disinfection, irrigation, fertilization, stocking fish seed selection, stocking fish fry disinfection, stocking and feeding management, wherein annular field fish ditches dug through the rice field transformation are V-shaped ditches arranged on the inner sides of ridges around the rice field; the biosorption utilizes a biosorption agent to adsorb heavy metal in rice field soil and irrigation water; and stocking fish seeds are selected from eight-beard catfishes. The invention further discloses rice produced by rice plants planted in the rice field using the ecological fish farming method. According to the method and the rice, an effective usable area of the rice field is increased significantly; pollution of the heavy metal such as lead and cadmium is reduced; integral benefits of fish farming in the rice field are improved; the ecological rice contains rich protein, more microelements such as iron, magnesium and calcium, and vitamin C, has no chemical pesticide residual, and is green and environment-friendly; and the content of the heavy metal such as lead and cadmium is very low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the rice that a kind of rice field fish culture method and institute's rice cultivation are produced.
Background technology
Rice field fish culture refers to both plant rice in the same paddy field, breeds fish again, and plant husbandry is combined dexterously with aquaculture, in similar environment, makes rice fish Mutualism, improves a kind of mode of production of paddy field overall efficiency.The rice field fish culture method of prior art may further comprise the steps: rice field preparation, rice field transformation, the facility of breeding fish are prepared, rice seedling is transplanted, sterilize in the rice field, pour water, apply fertilizer, select to put in a suitable place to breed fingerling, the sterilization that breeds fish fry, put in a suitable place to breed, feeding and management, wherein: the rice field transformation is that the place excavation apart from 80～100 centimetres of ridges encircles field Yu Gou in the rice field, and looks size, shape excavation " ten ", " rich ", " well " or the sphere of movements for the elephants shape center Yu Gou in rice field; Fingerling is put in selection in a suitable place to breed, and to be generally grass carp be main, suitably arrange in pairs or groups carp, crucian and bream, megalobrama amblycephala etc.The rice field fish culture method of prior art can realize rice fish Mutualism, improves the paddy field overall efficiency, but exists following defective: the area that the ring field Yu Gou that digs when transform in the rice field takies the rice field is larger, has reduced the effective usable floor area in rice field; The content overproof of the heavy metals such as lead, cadmium in the finished product fish of cultivation, the rice that rice cultivation is produced, neither again not environmental protection of green; The nutritive value of the grass carp that cultivates, carp, crucian, bream or megalobrama amblycephala is not high, and selling price is not high yet, has affected the rice field fish culture overall efficiency yet.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of and can significantly increase the effective usable floor area in rice field, significantly reduce the heavy metal pollutions such as lead, cadmium, significantly improve the rice field Ecological Fish Culture method of rice field fish culture overall efficiency, the ecological rice that adopts the rice field of this rice field Ecological Fish Culture method to produce contains rich in protein and more irony, trace element and the vitamin C such as magnesia, calcareous, and the content of beary metal such as lead, cadmium are very low, and are residual without chemical pesticide, not only green but also environmental protection.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions technical goal.
Rice field Ecological Fish Culture method may further comprise the steps:
1) prepare in the rice field: select water condition good, have abundant water resources, water quality is good, irrigation and drainage are convenient, good water-retaining property, the darker rice field of plow layer;
2) transform in the rice field: ridge around the rice field is increased to 60cm, and beaten compacting; Yu Gou, Yu Keng are set in described rice field; Described Yu Gou is communicated with the fish hole; Described fish ditch is comprised of the ring Tian Yugou that is connected and center fish ditch; Described ring field fish ditch is the inboard V-arrangement ditch that arranges of ridge around the rice field;
3) facility of breeding fish is prepared: be that 0.2～0.4cm, height are that the fish screen of 80cm fences up in described ridge mesh; The following depths of substratum 20cm, field is inserted in described fish screen lower end, and the fence both sides embed ridge;
4) rice seedling is transplanted: adopt rice field transplanting technology to transplant rice seedling;
5) biological adsorption: adopt biological adsorption agent that the heavy metal in described paddy soil, the irrigation water is adsorbed;
6) rice field sterilization: fill with and be no more than 8 cm shallow waters, use lime disinfection;
7) pour water, apply fertilizer: after 6 days sufficient water is filled with in described rice field, and every mu of mixed fertilizer of executing 260～290 kilograms of quail excrement and soya-bean cake, cultivate water quality;
8) select to put in a suitable place to breed fingerling: select eight palpus catfish (having another name called pool carp louse fish);
9) sterilization that breeds fish fry: the fry of preparing to put in a suitable place to breed is soaked 6～8min sterilization in the Eusol of 7～9mg/L or in 3%～4% salt solution;
10) put in a suitable place to breed: namely carry out fry after rice shoot is turned green and put in a suitable place to breed;
11) feeding and management may further comprise the steps:
A) throw and to raise: regularly, fixed point, quantitatively throw in feed; Described feed comprises browse, pasture and water, duckweed, dish leaf, soya-bean cake, dish cake, rice bran, wheat bran, poor class;
B) Paddy fields: the mixed fertilizer of throwing in quail excrement and soya-bean cake in the rice field; The mixed fertilizer of described quail excrement and soya-bean cake must be thrown in after fermentation;
C) regulating water quality and water temperature: by arranging, pour water and using quicklime, regulating water quality; When water temperature reaches more than 35 ℃, in time change water or add water and reduce temperature;
D) fish disease prevention and cure.
As the prioritization scheme of such scheme, step 2) described under the V-arrangement ditch depth 45cm(ground level), wide 45cm; Described center fish ditch is " one " or " ten " font center Yu Gou.
As the prioritization scheme of such scheme, biological adsorption agent is skin of beancurd modification biological adsorbent in the step 5), and described skin of beancurd modification biological adsorbent passes through the modified rear preparation of soybean peel slag behind the solvable dietary fiber of extraction.
The ecological rice that the paddy field cultivation paddy rice of Ecological Fish Culture produces, its improvements are: it is the rice by the Rice Production of paddy field cultivation described in the Ecological Fish Culture method of the described rice field of such scheme.
The present invention compared with prior art has following good effect:
1. ring field fish ditch is the inboard V-arrangement ditch that arranges of ridge around the rice field, takes full advantage of like this space, rice field, significantly increases the effective usable floor area in rice field, and the effective usable floor area in rice field increases by 5%～8%.
2. adopt biological adsorption agent that the heavy metal in paddy soil, the irrigation water is adsorbed, can adsorb most heavy metals in soil, the irrigation water, the pollution of heavy metal in so remarkable minimizing paddy soil, the irrigation water, the rice of institute's rice cultivation production, and the fish that cultivates in the content of beary metal such as lead, cadmium very low, well below national standard; On the other hand, the biological adsorption agent that adopts is by extracting the modified rear preparation of soybean peel slag behind the solvable dietary fiber, and technique is simple, process costs is low, and soybean peel is biological renewable resources, wide material sources, cheap, can be to any harm of human and ecological generation.
3. adopt the mixed fertilizer of quail excrement and soya-bean cake to cultivate water quality, what throw in the rice field during Paddy fields also is the mixed fertilizer of quail excrement and soya-bean cake, because the three kinds of compositions of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in the quail excrement all are higher than chicken manure and pig manure, therefore for paddy rice great effect is arranged, 0.2 times of organic increase, available potassium increases by 0.15 times, rapid available phosphorus increases by 0.22 times, and the rice that such paddy field cultivation paddy rice produces contains rich in protein and more irony, trace element and the vitamin C such as magnesia, calcareous.
4. put fingerling in a suitable place to breed and select eight palpus catfish (having another name called pool carp louse fish), eight must catfish has that feeding habits are wide, premunition strong, lower oxygen concentration resistance, strong adaptability, growth piece, output are high, be of high nutritive value, delicious flavour, commercial value advantages of higher, its insect-catching of as frog, jumping, can as the giant salamander, creep on the level land again, and food polygamy, the nearly all insect that in the Rice Production process, produces, aquatic insect, organic debris, tender weeds all become eight must catfish natural bait so that in the Rice Production process without any need for chemical pesticide.This fish eaten food a large amount of weeds, insect, except part was used for self weightening finish and energy consumption, major part became defecate and returns Tanaka, and is nitrogenous in its fish excrement, phosphorus composition is higher; In such rice field, 0.4 times of organic increase, full nitrogen increases by 0.5 times, available potassium increases by 0.6 times, rapid available phosphorus increases by 0.6 times, the rice that such paddy field cultivation paddy rice produces contains rich in protein and more irony, trace element and the vitamin C such as magnesia, calcareous, and is residual without chemical pesticide.
Eight must catfish output high, be of high nutritive value, commercial value is high, has significantly increased the economic benefit in rice field, the in addition raising of rice quality has also added the economic benefit in rice field, comprehensively measuring and calculating, the economic benefit in rice field improves 15%～25%.
6. rice cultivation and breeding fish in the process uses natural material basically, applies fertilizer in right amount and irrigates, and reduces the wasting of resources, has improved the bio-diversity in farmland, simultaneously effective soil of having protected.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment one:
In the rice field, breed fish, may further comprise the steps:
1) prepare in the rice field: select water condition good, have abundant water resources, water quality is good, irrigation and drainage are convenient, good water-retaining property, the darker rice field of plow layer;
2) transform in the rice field: ridge around the rice field is increased to 60cm, and beaten compacting; Yu Gou, Yu Keng are set in described rice field; Described Yu Gou is communicated with the fish hole; Described fish ditch is comprised of the ring Tian Yugou that is connected and center fish ditch; Described fish hole is located at the center, rice field, and in the present embodiment, rice field area is 1 mu, establishes 1 dark 100～i20 cm, the area fish hole more than 5 square metres; Described ring field fish ditch is the inboard V-arrangement ditch that arranges of ridge around the rice field; In the present embodiment, under the described V-arrangement ditch depth 45cm(ground level), wide 45cm; Described center fish ditch is " ten " font center Yu Gou;
3) facility of breeding fish is prepared: be that 0.2～0.4cm, height are that the fish screen of 80cm fences up in described ridge mesh; The following depths of substratum 20cm, field is inserted in described fish screen lower end, and the fence both sides embed ridge;
4) rice seedling is transplanted: adopt rice field transplanting technology to transplant rice seedling, form unified seeding row spacing, be conducive to fry between the rice field freely movable with perch;
5) biological adsorption: adopt biological adsorption agent that the heavy metal in described paddy soil, the irrigation water is adsorbed; In the present embodiment, biological adsorption agent is skin of beancurd modification biological adsorbent, and described skin of beancurd modification biological adsorbent passes through the modified rear preparation of soybean peel slag behind the solvable dietary fiber of extraction;
6) rice field sterilization: fill with and be no more than 8 cm shallow waters, use lime disinfection;
7) pour water, apply fertilizer: after 6 days sufficient water is filled with in described rice field, and every mu of mixed fertilizer of executing 260～290 kilograms of quail excrement and soya-bean cake, cultivate water quality;
8) select to put in a suitable place to breed fingerling: select eight palpus catfish (having another name called pool carp louse fish);
9) sterilization that breeds fish fry: the fry of preparing to put in a suitable place to breed is soaked 6～8min sterilization in 3%～4% salt solution;
10) put in a suitable place to breed: namely carry out fry after rice shoot is turned green and put in a suitable place to breed;
11) feeding and management may further comprise the steps:
A) throw and to raise: regularly, fixed point, quantitatively throw in feed; Described feed comprises browse, pasture and water, duckweed, dish leaf, soya-bean cake, dish cake, rice bran, wheat bran, poor class;
B) Paddy fields: the mixed fertilizer of throwing in quail excrement and soya-bean cake in the rice field; The mixed fertilizer of described quail excrement and soya-bean cake must be thrown in after fermentation;
C) regulating water quality and water temperature: by arranging, pour water and using quicklime, regulating water quality; When water temperature reaches more than 35 ℃, in time change water or add water and reduce temperature;
D) fish disease prevention and cure.
Embodiment two:
In another piece rice field, breed fish, comprise that the institute of other except the step 5) biological adsorption in steps among the embodiment one.
Embodiment three:
Breed fish in another piece rice field, select to put in a suitable place to breed fingerling, step 9) except step 8) and breed fish fry sterilization, the step 11) feeding and management, all the other steps and embodiment two are basic identical.
Step 8) selects to put in a suitable place to breed fingerling: it is main selecting grass carp, suitably arrange in pairs or groups carp, crucian.
The step 9) sterilization that breeds fish fry: the fry of preparing to put in a suitable place to breed is sterilized in the Eusol of 7～9mg/L.
In the step 11) feeding and management, use in right amount chemical pesticide.
The ecological rice that above-mentioned three embodiment rice cultivations are produced is tested, and the content detection of the content of beary metal such as its chemical pesticide is residual, plumbous, cadmium, protein is as follows.
| Sequence number | The test item title | Embodiment one | Embodiment two | Embodiment three |
| 1 | Chemical pesticide is residual | Do not detect | Do not detect | 0.1 |
| 2 | Plumbous | 0.02 | 0.1 | 0.11 |
| 3 | Cadmium | 0.004 | 0.022 | 0.024 |
| 4 | Protein | ≥8％ | ≥8％ | 7.1％～7.5％ |
Claims (5)
1. rice field Ecological Fish Culture method may further comprise the steps:
1) prepare in the rice field: select water condition good, have abundant water resources, water quality is good, irrigation and drainage are convenient, good water-retaining property, the darker rice field of plow layer;
2) transform in the rice field: ridge around the rice field is increased to 60cm, and beaten compacting; Yu Gou, Yu Keng are set in described rice field; Described Yu Gou is communicated with the fish hole; Described fish ditch is comprised of the ring Tian Yugou that is connected and center fish ditch; Described ring field fish ditch is the inboard V-arrangement ditch that arranges of ridge around the rice field;
3) facility of breeding fish is prepared: be that 0.2～0.4cm, height are that the fish screen of 80cm fences up in described ridge mesh; The following depths of substratum 20cm, field is inserted in described fish screen lower end, and the fence both sides embed ridge;
4) rice seedling is transplanted: adopt rice field transplanting technology to transplant rice seedling;
5) biological adsorption: adopt biological adsorption agent that the heavy metal in described paddy soil, the irrigation water is adsorbed;
6) rice field sterilization: fill with and be no more than 8 cm shallow waters, use lime disinfection;
7) pour water, apply fertilizer: after 6 days sufficient water is filled with in described rice field, and every mu of mixed fertilizer of executing 260～290 kilograms of quail excrement and soya-bean cake, cultivate water quality;
8) select to put in a suitable place to breed fingerling: select eight palpus catfish (having another name called pool carp louse fish);
9) sterilization that breeds fish fry: the fry of preparing to put in a suitable place to breed is soaked 6～8min sterilization in the Eusol of 7～9mg/L or in 3%～4% salt solution;
10) put in a suitable place to breed: namely carry out fry after rice shoot is turned green and put in a suitable place to breed;
11) feeding and management may further comprise the steps:
A) throw and to raise: regularly, fixed point, quantitatively throw in feed; Described feed comprises browse, pasture and water, duckweed, dish leaf, soya-bean cake, dish cake, rice bran, wheat bran, poor class;
B) Paddy fields: the mixed fertilizer of throwing in quail excrement and soya-bean cake in the rice field; The mixed fertilizer of described quail excrement and soya-bean cake must be thrown in after fermentation;
C) regulating water quality and water temperature: by arranging, pour water and using quicklime, regulating water quality; When water temperature reaches more than 35 ℃, in time change water or add water and reduce temperature;
D) fish disease prevention and cure.
2. rice field according to claim 1 Ecological Fish Culture method is characterized in that: step 2) described under the V-arrangement ditch depth 45cm(ground level), wide 45cm.
3. rice field according to claim 1 Ecological Fish Culture method is characterized in that: step 2) described in center fish ditch be " one " or " ten " font center Yu Gou.
4. described rice field Ecological Fish Culture method one of according to claim 1～3, it is characterized in that: biological adsorption agent described in the step 5) is skin of beancurd modification biological adsorbent, and described skin of beancurd modification biological adsorbent passes through the modified rear preparation of soybean peel slag behind the solvable dietary fiber of extraction.
5. the ecological rice produced of the paddy field cultivation paddy rice of Ecological Fish Culture, it is characterized in that: it is the rice by the Rice Production of paddy field cultivation described in the Ecological Fish Culture method of the described rice field of one of claim 1～4.
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Cited By (21)
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| CN103907556A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-07-09 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业产业园特种水产养殖有限公司 | Novel method for fish culture in rice field |
| CN104396831A (en) * | 2014-12-06 | 2015-03-11 | 龙梅 | Culture method for procypris merus |
| CN104488771A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-04-08 | 长沙市松坡农业开发有限公司 | Novel method for culturing grain flower fish in rice fields |
| CN104541883A (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2015-04-29 | 上海交通大学 | Screening method of high cadmium enriched soybean varieties |
| CN104817187A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-08-05 | 山东大学 | Aquatic animal enhanced surface flow artificial wetland |
| CN104904633A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-09-16 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for constructing cold saline land rice-fish wetland |
| CN105660190A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-06-15 | 孟庆霞 | Stereoscopic cultivation and breeding method for complementary symbiosis of ganoderma lucidum and wood frogs |
| CN105815164A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-03 | 贵州山至金生态农业有限公司 | Method for breeding cyprinoid in fully-mechanized operation rice field |
| CN105918030A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-09-07 | 崇州市鸿宇家庭农场 | Environment-friendly high-yield paddy rice cultivation method |
| CN106719132A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 全椒凤巢植保专业合作社 | A kind of rice fish culture method |
| CN107182657A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-09-22 | 合肥浦邦农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of rice field fish culture |
| CN107278576A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-10-24 | 黄山市多维生物（集团）有限公司 | A kind of plantation aquaculture model in the ecological rice field of multidimensional |
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| CN107396859A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-28 | 马家富 | The green cultivation method of fish in a kind of rice field |
| CN108307959A (en) * | 2018-04-14 | 2018-07-24 | 张家界水神生态种养专业合作社 | The rice eel zoology breeding method of one farming pool dual-purpose water logging pest control |
| CN108521922A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-09-14 | 陈军燕 | Rice field integrates breeding technology ecology repairing heavy metal in soil method for governing pollution |
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| CN104488771A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-04-08 | 长沙市松坡农业开发有限公司 | Novel method for culturing grain flower fish in rice fields |
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