CN103348860B - Ilex cornuta' Ougon' cutting propagation method - Google Patents

Ilex cornuta' Ougon' cutting propagation method Download PDF

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CN103348860B
CN103348860B CN201310301941.4A CN201310301941A CN103348860B CN 103348860 B CN103348860 B CN 103348860B CN 201310301941 A CN201310301941 A CN 201310301941A CN 103348860 B CN103348860 B CN 103348860B
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liquid
cuttage
fringe
described step
carry out
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CN103348860A (en
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柴江权
孙剑
杨立勋
郑宁
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Zhejiang Feng Kai agricultural New Energy Technology Co., Ltd.
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TONGXIANG FENG KAI HORTICULTURE CO Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a I lex cornuta 'Ougon' cutting propagation method, and belongs to the technical field of plant propagation. The method includes the steps of optimizing cultivation of female parents, preparation and sterilization of matrices, scion collection, cutting treatment and management after cutting. The I lex cornuta 'Ougon' cutting propagation method can be suitable for the climate and soil environment in China, the rooting condition is good, the rate of finished products reaches 85%, operation is easy, the breeding speed is high, and a good market prospect can be achieved.

Description

Gold structure bone cuttage breeding method
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant propagation, be specifically related to gold structure bone cuttage breeding method.
Background technology
Gold structure bone, formal name used at school Ilex cornuta ' Ougon ', Aquifoliaceae, Ilex, dungarunga kind, it is HTC Chinese ilex (Ilex cassine aiphyllium, produce Cuba and southeastern US) with the natural hybrid species of dahoon (Ilex opaca produces eastern united states and middle part, evergreen shrubs or dungarunga).For perennial evergreen shrub, high 2-3m, bark brown, the level and smooth close life of branch and launching, point principal stresses is strong.Blade is less, stingless, leaf keratin, Long Circle, long 4-5cm, wide 1.5-2.0cm, and leaf margin has 8-10 soft ratchet, and base portion is truncate, has short handle.Young leaves is golden yellow, and color and luster is pure, is not afraid of high light, and light is stronger, its leaf look more golden yellow, and keep golden yellow from annual April to October, after the November, blade deepens green gradually always, glossy, fruit redness is prolonged does not wither and fall, rather attractive in appearance, therefore has very high ornamental value.
Gold structure bone accommodation is wide especially, the high temperature that ability is more than 40 DEG C and intense light irradiation, can at the severe cold safe overwintering of-15 DEG C, south all can be planted to north, Guangzhou to Beijing, quite can adapt to urban environment, stronger resistance is had to pernicious gas, have stronger resistance to toxic gases such as SO 2, Cl 2, HF, sprout tiller strength is strong, resistance to pruning, therefore be desirable afforestation kind, be called as the nursery stock kind of " most development potentiality ".
Gold structure bone was found by United States Department of Agriculture scientist as far back as 1985, after propagate into Japan, but in China or a brand-new kind, by the inquiry to pertinent literature, have no domestic at present and have the scientific paper and patent that gold structure bone Technique on Cuttage Propagation is relevant, this field still belongs to blank.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of technical scheme of gold structure bone cuttage breeding method, it is simple to operate, and reproduction speed is fast, and yield rate reaches more than 85%.
Gold structure bone cuttage breeding method of the present invention, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step one, maternal optimization are cultivated: select to carry out female parent March in late September to next year and plant, and improve, plant in burying at female parent the first two months of planting to ground, garden soil, soil exceeds rhizome portion 2cm, seeding row spacing of planting is 30 × 35cm, is arranged in quincunx, then enters the management after transplanting;
The preparation of step 2, matrix and sterilization: adopt volume ratio to be the peat of 5:3:2: perlite: vermiculite mixed preparing matrix, and the graininess adding 100g when preparing protects ground only, prepare the rear cuttage first 24 hours potassium permanganates by 1000ppm concentration and carry out matrix sterilization, then water permeable wait cuttage;
Step 3, fringe bar adopt fringe and cuttage process: being selected in late September carries out adopting fringe cuttage, choose suitable female parent adopting fringe cuttage the first two months and carry out sun-shading, promote that fringe bar blade is green by xanthochromia, then according to branch thickness, the upper, middle and lower of inserted part, and the upper, middle and lower of fringe bar inserted part on branch, fringe is adopted in classification, cut into the cuttings that length is 2.5 ~ 3.5cm, leave leaf one bud, upper cut is positioned at and retains the above 2mm of blade place axillalry bud, lower cut is selected in 1mm place under petiole or stipule trace, otch is level and smooth, per high-temperature sterilization half a day of cutter used or the carbendazim aqueous solution soaking of 500 times are sterilized, adopt the cuttings that scales off through quickly dipped hormotone process, blade face is all to the south, matrix is inserted respectively by classification,
Step 4, management after cuttage: after cuttage, in rooting process, temperature in control small arched shed is between 25 DEG C ~ 40 DEG C, water content of substrate is kept to be 60% ~ 70% of saturation moisture content, relative air humidity more than 95%, every 10 days, spray a foliage fertilizer, when cuttings more than 85% is taken root, carry out hardening, when cuttings more than 90% is taken root, progressively ventilate, and keep water content of substrate to be 45% of saturation moisture content, after terminating to hardening, change into watering and execute foliage fertilizer, and to going out in the process of garden after cuttage, every 10 days in conjunction with moisturizing, spray the beautiful or carbendazim aqueous solution sterilization of anthrax good fortune of 500 times, pull out diseased plant simultaneously, high temperature season adds a cover the sunshade net of 75% ~ 90%, treat that packing is complete, matrix can go out garden time not loose,
Suitable female parent in described step 3 is long raw sturdy fringe bar one year, the lignified female parent of fringe bar; Choose suitable female parent adopting fringe cuttage the first two months and carry out sun-shading, promote that fringe bar blade is green by xanthochromia.
Hormotone in described step 3 is the mixed solution of the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 500ppm concentration and the carbendazim of 1000ppm concentration;
The quickly dipped degree of depth of hormotone in described step 3 is 1cm;
Foliage fertilizer in described step 4 be the flower of every mu of 2kg the more or the 0.2% urea foliage fertilizer of every mu of 2kg.
In described step one improvement of soil comprise plant first 2 months every mu apply decomposed dung 3000kg ~ 4000kg, superphosphate 50kg, Furadan 2kg, carrying out a degree of depth is the deep ploughing of 25cm; Carry out second time deep ploughing after 2 months, more than degree of depth 25cm, then carry out thin rake once.
Management after transplanting in described step one comprises nutrient management: in 3 ~ April, spread fertilizer over the fields a urea every 10 days, consumption is 5kg/ mu; In 5 ~ June, alternately spread fertilizer over the fields a urea and composite fertilizer every 10 days, consumption is 5kg/ mu; In 7 ~ August, combined urea liquid fertilizer that drought resisting of watering executes to water 0.2% every 10 days once, consumption is 2kg/ mu; Execute the urea liquid fertilizer watering 0.2% after adopting fringe immediately, consumption is 2kg/ mu at every turn;
Management after transplanting in described step one also comprises the control stategy of damage by disease and insect: with 50% carbendazim, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid, or 50% zineb 800 times, or 1% bordeaux mixture 100-150 times liquid, prevents and treats gray mold; With 1% bordeaux mixture, 100 ~ 150 times of liquid, or 60 ~ 75% zineb, 500 ~ 1000 times of liquid, or 50% carbendazim, 300 ~ 400 times of liquid, or 50% topsin, 300 ~ 400 times of liquid, or 50% moves back bacterium powder 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid, prevents and treats leaf spot; With 50% DDT EC, 1000 ~ 1500 times of liquid, or 40% dimethoate emulsion, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid, control defoliator; With 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate, 200 ~ 400 times of liquid, or 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 100 ~ 200 times of liquid are sprayed to trunk flow liquid, control trunk borer larva; With 80% dichlorvos, 1000 times of liquid, or 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 200 times of liquid base portions spray, control trunk borer adult; With 90% trichlorphon 50% be watered 250g dissolve after, mix 1kg wheat bran and make poison bait, every mu of consumption 1 ~ 1.5kg, or every mu is sprinkled into soil with 2kg Furadan, or 75% Uranus, 1500 times of liquid, or 50% DDT EC, 1000 times of liquid spray, control soil insect.
Management after transplanting in described step one also comprises annual mid-February to the female parent of transplanting after 1 year, all carries out childrenization process.
Above-mentioned gold structure bone cuttage breeding method, can adapt to the weather soil environment of China, take root all right, yield rate reaches 85%, and simple to operate, and reproduction speed is fast, has good market prospects.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with related experiment and embodiment, the present invention is described in further details, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Gold structure bone cuttage breeding method of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1, maternal optimization is cultivated: the cultivation of gold structure bone female parent is the basis carrying out cottage propagation work, and whether the stalwartness of maternal growth, is directly connected to cuttings and survives and reproductive output.Loose, the growth of fertile soil to gold structure bone is very favourable, therefore must improve soil before planting: plant first 2 months every mu apply decomposed dung 3000kg ~ 4000kg, superphosphate 50kg, Furadan 2kg, carrying out a degree of depth is the deep ploughing of 25cm, requires not stay dead angle; Carry out second time deep ploughing after 2 months, more than degree of depth 25cm, more once carefully harrow, require to plough and carefully rake.When making bed, should notice that bed surface is slightly high in the middle of wanting, both sides are slightly low; Pavement two is low, and centre is slightly high, to ensure that draining is unimpeded.
Be selected in and carry out maternal planting March in late October to next year, the mud with 0.5% ~ 1.0% phosphate fertilizer is dipped in bareroot seedling rhizome portion, to inspire new root, be loaded in soil, the degree of depth exceeds plant rhizome portion 2cm with soil and is advisable, guarantee that root system is unfolded and compacting, attentional manipulation seeding row spacing of planting is 30 × 35cm, is arranged in quincunx.After transplanting, irrigate normal root water in time, then at bed surface upper berth one deck straw, to keep ground moistening and to prevent native dash board from tying, require to accomplish lifting on the same day, the same day plants complete.
Carry out the management of moisture, illumination, nutrient, weeds and damage by disease and insect after planting, to guarantee maternal healthy growth, provide healthy and strong fringe bar to greatest extent.
Moisture is to keep moistening for principle, and as continuous sunny after planting, the planted agent of 15 days sprays water 1 ~ 2 time to above-ground plant parts every day; As the continuous rainy day, timely draining, guarantee ground, garden not ponding.
Illumination is to guarantee that nursery stock is healthy and strong for principle, and the bareroot seedling planted is wooden, and as high temperature, should shelter from heat or light at seedling-slowing stage, the time is about two weeks; Also should shelter from heat or light after high temperature season adopts fringe, to promote that it increases rudiment and takes out the tip.
Fertilizer is with a small amount of repeatedly for principle, and after transplant survival, in 3 ~ April, spread fertilizer over the fields a urea every 10 days, consumption is 5kg/ mu; In 5 ~ June, alternately spread fertilizer over the fields a urea and composite fertilizer every 10 days, consumption is 5kg/ mu; In 7 ~ August, combined urea liquid fertilizer that drought resisting of watering executes to water 0.2% every 10 days once, consumption is 2kg/ mu; In 11 ~ December, female parent seedling is ditched, buriing decomposed manure, and every mu of 1500 ~ 2500kg, can carry out in conjunction with weeding with a hoe when spreading fertilizer over the fields urea and composite fertilizer simultaneously, imposing in the ranks; All should execute the urea liquid fertilizer watering 0.2% after adopting fringe immediately, consumption is 2kg/ mu at every turn.
Weed with a hoe with " except early, except little, except " for principle.
Pest management is taken into account as principle to put prevention first, to prevent and treat, mainly prevent and treat gray mold, leaf spot and food leaf and trunk borer, soil insect harm.Available 50% carbendazim 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid, or 50% zineb 800 times, or 1% bordeaux mixture 100-150 times liquid, prevent and treat gray mold; With 1% bordeaux mixture, 100 ~ 150 times of liquid, or 60 ~ 75% zineb, 500 ~ 1000 times of liquid, or 50% carbendazim, 300 ~ 400 times of liquid, or 50% topsin, 300 ~ 400 times of liquid, or 50% moves back bacterium powder 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid, prevents and treats leaf spot; With 50% DDT EC, 1000 ~ 1500 times of liquid, or 40% dimethoate emulsion, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid, control defoliator; With 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate, 200 ~ 400 times of liquid, or 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 100 ~ 200 times of liquid are sprayed to trunk flow liquid, control trunk borer larva; With 80% dichlorvos, 1000 times of liquid, or 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 200 times of liquid base portions spray, control trunk borer adult; With 90% trichlorphon 50% be watered 250g dissolve after, mix 1kg wheat bran and make poison bait, every mu of consumption 1 ~ 1.5kg, or every mu is sprinkled into soil with 2kg Furadan, or 75% Uranus, 1500 times of liquid, or 50% DDT EC, 1000 times of liquid spray, control soil insect.
Be selected in annual mid-February, to the female parent after year and a day of planting, all carry out childrenization process.
2. the preparation of matrix and sterilization: substrate preparation with ventilation, permeable, be beneficial to and take root for standard, volume ratio is adopted to be the peat of 5:3:2: perlite: vermiculite mixed preparing matrix, and the graininess adding 100g when preparing protects ground only, prepare the rear cuttage first 24 hours potassium permanganates by 1000ppm concentration, thorough disinfection desinsection is carried out to matrix, finally waters permeable wait cuttage.
3. fringe bar adopt fringe and cuttage process: gold structure bone belongs to kind of more easily taking root, throughout the year all can cuttage, and spring and autumn can heavy pruning, and summer need gently adopt.Preferred cutting time is late September in autumn, treats that fringe bar grows up to annual sturdy fringe bar, carries out cuttage when reaching certain degree of lignification.Start have the female parent of suitable fringe bar to carry out sun-shading to long in the first two month of cuttage, promote that fringe bar blade is green by xanthochromia, then according to branch thickness, the upper, middle and lower of inserted part, and the upper, middle and lower of fringe bar inserted part on branch, fringe is adopted in classification, cut into the cuttings that length is 2.5 ~ 3.5cm, leave leaf one bud, upper cut is positioned at and retains the above 2mm of blade place axillalry bud, lower cut is selected in 1mm place under petiole or stipule trace, requirement cutter is sharp, to ensure that otch is level and smooth, per high-temperature sterilization half a day of cutter used or the carbendazim aqueous solution soaking of 500 times are sterilized, to reduce the possibility of virus infection.Adopt the cuttings scaled off and need quickly dipped hormotone, the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of hormotone by 500ppm concentration and the potassium permanganate Homogeneous phase mixing of 1000ppm concentration, the quickly dipped degree of depth is advisable with 1cm, require uniformity, definitely can not dip in completely whole fringe bar, hormotone requires preparation on the same day, and the same day uses, in order to avoid impact effect.Require during cuttage that blade face is all to the south, strictly enter matrix by cuttage respectively of classifying.
4. the management after cuttage: after cuttage, in rooting process, temperature in control small arched shed is between 25 DEG C ~ 40 DEG C, water content of substrate is kept to be 60% ~ 70% of saturation moisture content, relative air humidity more than 95%, a foliage fertilizer is sprayed every 10 days, select the urea foliage fertilizer of flower the more or 0.2%, consumption is 2kg/ mu, when cuttings more than 85% is taken root, carry out hardening, when cuttings more than 90% is taken root, progressively ventilate, and keep water content of substrate to be 45% of saturation moisture content, after terminating to hardening, change into watering and execute foliage fertilizer, and to going out in the process of garden after cuttage, every 10 days in conjunction with moisturizing, spray the beautiful or carbendazim aqueous solution sterilization of anthrax good fortune of 500 times, pull out diseased plant simultaneously, high temperature season adds a cover the sunshade net of 75% ~ 90%, treat that packing is complete, matrix can go out garden time not loose.

Claims (1)

1. gold structure bone cuttage breeding method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step one, maternal optimization are cultivated: select to carry out female parent March in late September to next year and plant, and improve, plant in burying at female parent the first two months of planting to ground, garden soil, soil exceeds rhizome portion 2cm, seeding row spacing of planting is 30 × 35cm, is arranged in quincunx, then enters the management after transplanting;
The preparation of step 2, matrix and sterilization: adopt volume ratio to be the peat of 5:3:2: perlite: vermiculite mixed preparing matrix, and the graininess adding 100g when preparing protects ground only, prepare the rear cuttage first 24 hours potassium permanganate by 1000ppm concentration and carry out matrix sterilization, then water permeable wait cuttage;
Step 3, fringe bar adopt fringe and cuttage process: being selected in late September carries out adopting fringe cuttage, choose suitable female parent adopting fringe cuttage the first two months and carry out sun-shading, promote that fringe bar blade is green by xanthochromia, then according to branch thickness, the upper, middle and lower of inserted part, and the upper, middle and lower of fringe bar inserted part on branch, fringe is adopted in classification, cut into the cuttings that length is 2.5 ~ 3.5cm, leave leaf one bud, upper cut is positioned at and retains the above 2mm of blade place axillalry bud, lower cut is selected in 1mm place under petiole or stipule trace, otch is level and smooth, per high-temperature sterilization half a day of cutter used or the carbendazim aqueous solution soaking of 500 times are sterilized, adopt the cuttings that scales off through quickly dipped hormotone process, blade face is all to the south, matrix is inserted respectively by classification,
Step 4, management after cuttage: after cuttage, in rooting process, temperature in control small arched shed is between 25 DEG C ~ 40 DEG C, water content of substrate is kept to be 60% ~ 70% of saturation moisture content, relative air humidity more than 95%, every 10 days, spray a foliage fertilizer, when cuttings more than 85% is taken root, carry out hardening, when cuttings more than 90% is taken root, progressively ventilate, and keep water content of substrate to be 45% of saturation moisture content, after terminating to hardening, change into watering and execute foliage fertilizer, and to going out in the process of garden after cuttage, every 10 days in conjunction with moisturizing, spray the beautiful or carbendazim aqueous solution sterilization of anthrax good fortune of 500 times, pull out diseased plant simultaneously, high temperature season adds a cover the sunshade net of 75% ~ 90%, treat that packing is complete, matrix can go out garden time not loose,
Suitable female parent in described step 3 is long raw sturdy fringe bar one year, the lignified female parent of fringe bar; Choose suitable female parent adopting fringe cuttage the first two months and carry out sun-shading, promote that fringe bar blade is green by xanthochromia;
Hormotone in described step 3 is the mixed solution of the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 500ppm concentration and the carbendazim of 1000ppm concentration;
The quickly dipped degree of depth of hormotone in described step 3 is 1cm;
Foliage fertilizer in described step 4 be the flower of every mu of 2kg the more or the 0.2% urea foliage fertilizer of every mu of 2kg;
In described step one improvement of soil comprise plant first 2 months every mu apply decomposed dung 3000kg ~ 4000kg, superphosphate 50kg, Furadan 2kg, carrying out a degree of depth is the deep ploughing of 25cm; Carry out second time deep ploughing after 2 months, more than degree of depth 25cm, then carry out thin rake once;
Management after transplanting in described step one comprises nutrient management: in 3 ~ April, spread fertilizer over the fields a urea every 10 days, consumption is 5kg/ mu; In 5 ~ June, alternately spread fertilizer over the fields a urea and composite fertilizer every 10 days, consumption is 5kg/ mu; In 7 ~ August, combined urea liquid fertilizer that drought resisting of watering executes to water 0.2% every 10 days once, consumption is 2kg/ mu; Execute the urea liquid fertilizer watering 0.2% after adopting fringe immediately, consumption is 2kg/ mu at every turn;
Management after transplanting in described step one also comprises the control stategy of damage by disease and insect: with 50% carbendazim, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid, or 50% zineb 800 times, or 1% bordeaux mixture 100-150 times liquid, prevents and treats gray mold; With 1% bordeaux mixture, 100 ~ 150 times of liquid, or 60 ~ 75% zineb, 500 ~ 1000 times of liquid, or 50% carbendazim, 300 ~ 400 times of liquid, or 50% topsin, 300 ~ 400 times of liquid, or 50% moves back bacterium powder 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid, prevents and treats leaf spot; With 50% DDT EC, 1000 ~ 1500 times of liquid, or 40% dimethoate emulsion, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid, control defoliator; With 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate, 200 ~ 400 times of liquid, or 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 100 ~ 200 times of liquid are sprayed to trunk flow liquid, control trunk borer larva; With 80% dichlorvos, 1000 times of liquid, or 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 200 times of liquid base portions spray, control trunk borer adult; With 90% trichlorphon 50% be watered 250g dissolve after, mix 1kg wheat bran and make poison bait, every mu of consumption 1 ~ 1.5kg, or every mu is sprinkled into soil with 2kg Furadan, or 75% Uranus, 1500 times of liquid, or 50% DDT EC, 1000 times of liquid spray, control soil insect;
Management after transplanting in described step one also comprises annual mid-February to the female parent of transplanting after 1 year, all carries out childrenization process.
CN201310301941.4A 2013-07-18 2013-07-18 Ilex cornuta' Ougon' cutting propagation method Expired - Fee Related CN103348860B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104082017A (en) * 2014-07-21 2014-10-08 句容市仑山花木场 Osmanthus heterophyllus 'ougon' propagation method
CN104221787A (en) * 2014-08-29 2014-12-24 张纪林 Method for preventing and controlling ilex cornuta varfortunei pests
CN105123199A (en) * 2015-08-23 2015-12-09 林平 Cutting seedling growing method for stems below top shoots of stevia rebaudiana
CN106171372A (en) * 2016-07-03 2016-12-07 浙江森禾种业股份有限公司 Yellow prince's Radix Berberidis Amurensis cuttage breeding method
CN107027603A (en) * 2017-04-21 2017-08-11 浙江兰特园艺有限公司 Gold structure bone full exposure cuttage technique
CN113875409A (en) * 2021-10-14 2022-01-04 山东农业大学 Efficient cutting propagation method for holly
CN114946431A (en) * 2022-06-22 2022-08-30 江苏青好景观园艺有限公司 Yin-avoiding ear picking cutting seedling raising method for Chinese holly in spring

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JP2002223632A (en) * 2001-02-05 2002-08-13 Okayama Oyo Kagaku:Kk Method for promoting rooting of cutting
CN100415077C (en) * 2004-09-22 2008-09-03 浙江森禾种业股份有限公司 Cuttage breeding method for photinia frasery
CN101692781A (en) * 2009-10-09 2010-04-14 张冠一 Rapid-forming method of llex cornuta lindl
CN102487719A (en) * 2011-12-30 2012-06-13 南京金埔园林股份有限公司 Simple cutting method for Ilex cornuta Lindli.et Paxt
CN102726189B (en) * 2012-06-29 2014-03-05 句容市仑山花木场 Aquifoliaceae cuttage seedling method

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