CN108243750A - A kind of method for improving horse hair pine cuttage maternal plant production fringe amount - Google Patents
A kind of method for improving horse hair pine cuttage maternal plant production fringe amount Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method for improving horse hair pine cuttage maternal plant production fringe amount, it is selected including maternal plant, maternal plant is planted, trimming and finishing and maternal plant manage and protect process, selection is by cultivating the well-grown obtained, it is sturdy, the masson pine tissue-cultured seedling of well developed root system is as maternal plant, masson pine tissue-cultured seedling is just planted and is managed after just planting after in the container for plant growth equipped with seedling medium, then maternal plant truncation is carried out again, it is managed after being colonized and be colonized on ready seedbed, start to carry out trimming and finishing to maternal plant when maternal plant budling grows to 5~6 cm long, moisture is carried out to maternal plant simultaneously to manage and protect, nutrient is managed and protected, soil is managed and protected, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and maternal plant update managing and protecting in terms of five.The maternal plant survival rate that the present invention cultivates is high, it is with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, stem is sturdy, nutrient growth is very vigorous, effectively extend maternal plant service life, greatly improve cutting yield, quality and activity, cutting plantation and survival rate and seedling quality are improved, improves masson pine asxualization seedling-wood breeding effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant propagation, are related to asxualization nursery technology, especially a kind of raising masson pine
The method that cuttage maternal plant produces fringe amount.
Background technology
Masson pine（Pinus massoniana Lamb.）It is the main reproducting tree species of south China, in Guangxi, Fujian, cloud
There are introducing and planting in 17 provinces and regions in the whole nation such as south, Guizhou, Sichuan, Zhejiang, widely used, are not only excellent construction timber,
Or excellent papermaking and staple fibre board raw material additionally can be used for the chemical products such as production rosin, turpentine oil, in state of China
Particularly important effect is played in people's economic construction.With the growing life requirement of people and timber resource shortage and stone
The non-renewable resources such as oil, which are petered out, waits intensifications of contradictions, and ecology, economic and society sustainable development are increasingly by society
It can pay close attention to.The problems such as based on China's ecological safety, resource security and social safety, masson pine is as the main industrial cut stock in China
It is necessary to greatly develop its artificial forest for seeds and Tree Species as Bio-energy.Guangxi masson pine germ plasm resource collect, selection and breeding and
Use aspects have been preserved, have belonged to forefront in the whole nation, since " six or five " National Key Research Programs, a large amount of masson pines of selection and breeding are excellent asexual
System.Fine germplasm resources are made full use of, masson pine tissue-cultured seedling is cultivated as maternal plant, builds cutting orchard, skewer is carried out using its fringe bar
It inserts, propagation in scale asxualization nursery stock, which is applied to produce, afforests, and is as preacceleration masson pine afforestation improved variety process and promotion people
The maximally efficient means of work woods unit area productivity.But in concrete application and production practices, due to various reasons, it may appear that
The problems such as mother plant for cutting reduced service life, branch juvenile form are deteriorated, and cutting yield, quality and cutting plantation reduce, to nothing
Property seedling-wood breeding adversely affects.
Invention content
In order to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, the present invention provides a kind of operability is strong, it can significantly extend maternal plant service life,
The method for improving horse hair pine cuttage maternal plant cutting yield and quality.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of method for improving horse hair pine cuttage maternal plant production fringe amount, including maternal plant selection, maternal plant plantation, trimming and finishing and maternal plant pipe
Nurse's sequence is selected by cultivating the well-grown obtained, sturdy, well developed root system masson pine tissue-cultured seedling as maternal plant, just plant in
It in container for plant growth equipped with seedling medium, is managed after just planting, then carries out maternal plant truncation again, it is enterprising in ready seedbed
It is managed after row field planting and field planting, starts to carry out trimming and finishing to maternal plant, while to mother when maternal plant budling grows to 5~6 cm long
Moisture is managed and protected, nutrient is managed and protected, soil is managed and protected for strain progress, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and maternal plant update managing and protecting in terms of five；
Main operational steps are as follows：
（1）Maternal plant selects
Selection is cultivated 4~6 months, more than ground diameter 4mm, more than height of seedling 25cm, well-grown, sturdy, well developed root system masson pine
Tissue-cultured seedling is as maternal plant；
（2）Maternal plant is planted
1. it just plants：In 7~August, selected masson pine tissue-cultured seedling is just planted in the container for plant growth equipped with seedling medium；Plant
When avoid nest root or damage nursery stock, be compacted seedling medium, drench sufficient root water；
2. it is managed after just planting：Just plant after in 1~2 month, every 7~10 days with mass concentration be 0.3~0.5% 6N-38P-9K
High phosphorus composite fertilizer aqueous solution sprays carry out foliage dressing；Routinely daily method of managing and protecting carries out sunshade, supplement water supply in media and disease
Pest control；
3. maternal plant truncation：After maternal plant is just planted 1~2 month, seedling root is pricked surely, when growth performance is good, i.e., maternal plant is carried out
Truncation；Nursery stock top is cut off during truncation, retains high 10~15 cm of trunk, not water drenching and fertilising in 7 days；Truncation is after a week every 7
~10 days, the 30N-6P-16K high-nitrogen compound fertilizer aqueous solutions of use quality a concentration of 0.2~0.3% sprayed blade face and seedling medium,
Adequate nutrients are provided for nursery stock, budling is promoted to sprout；Seedling is washed after fertilising in time, is applied fertilizer 3~4 times altogether；
4. seedbed preparation：Nursery soil deep-cut in 10~15 days before field planting, hack, impurity elimination, ted and sterilize, ted soil
When combine and spray 65% Mancozeb, 800~1000 times of liquid of+40% flolimat and carry out disinfection, turn soil in spray；Soil turns over
After shining and sterilizing completion 5~7 days, base manure is put into seedbed, with soil covering after applying；
5. it is colonized：Budling is sprouted on selection trunk top after truncation 4 or more, and budling is sturdy, emerald green, well-grown, vigor
The maternal plant of vigorous and no disease and pests harm is colonized in seedbed during in mid-October~early November by the cm of 30 cm of density × 30；
6. it is managed after field planting：After the completion of field planting the 7th day, the 14th day, the 21st day and the 28th day successively use quality it is a concentration of 1 ‰,
2 ‰, 3 ‰, 3 ‰ KH2PO4Aqueous solution carries out foliage dressing, applies fertilizer 4 times altogether；Daily water management depending on weather condition,
It is overall to keep ground moistening not ponding；
（3）Trimming and finishing：It is each in four direction by " ten " font on maternal plant trunk top when budling grows to 5~6 cm long
Retain the budling that 1 branch growth is good, sturdy, cut off remaining budling for reaching cuttage requirement successively；4 twig items to be retained are abundant
Lignifying, when growing to 14~17 cm, the budling for retaining one of direction is not trimmed, and is trained nutrition branch；Its excess-three
A direction, which is trimmed, retracts to 5~8 cm long, is trained rudiment branch；When the budling on three rudiment branches is grown to 5~6 cm,
Respectively retain a sturdy budling along three different directions on every rudiment branch, while trim retraction nutrition branch to 5~8 cm,
Also the branch for the sturdy budling that maintain three different directions is trained by preceding method；Treat that three sturdy budlings are fully wooden
When matter grows to 10~15 cm, trimmed and retain 5~8 cm long；So far, maternal plant trimming and finishing is completed, and forms that " one is dry
Four 12 " pattern；" 12 " alternately take on later stage rudiment branch and nutrition branch respectively, to ensure maternal plant normal growth,
Retain 2~3 " heads " as nutrition branch；During entire trimming and finishing, in addition to the budling for requiring to retain, remaining budling is either
No be in adopts fringe cuttage period, will wipe out in time；
Maternal plant after the completion of shaping at non-cuttage season, can not have to trim maternal plant, until 30~50 before cuttage season
It when, by preceding method replace cutting back " 12 " part；To ensure that budling is active, raising ortet rejuvenation effect,
When maternal plant service life is longer, it can be used just to mix and cut mode, appropriate trimming 1~2 direction branch of retraction to " four " part,
Again shaping is carried out by preceding method；
（4）Maternal plant is managed and protected：It is managed and protected including moisture, nutrient is managed and protected, soil is managed and protected, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and maternal plant update five aspects.
Step（2）First plant described in seedling medium be coconut palm chaff, peat soil, pine forest table soil, yellow soil and 6N-38P-9K
High phosphorus composite fertilizer in mass ratio 2: 1 : 4 : 1 :0.5 uniform mixed preparing forms；The container for plant growth is that specification is 15
The non-woven fabrics seedling-raising cup of the cm of cm × 15.
Step（2）Seedbed preparation in base manure be by decomposed 300~500 kg/ mus of organic fertilizer and 26N-5P-25K
High 50 kg/ mus of nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer mixes.
Step（4）The moisture is managed and protected to carry out according to a conventional method, determines watering frequency and dosage depending on weather conditions, always
To keep ground moistening, ponding is not advisable body；
For the method that the nutrient is managed and protected to adopt ear period, it is 0.3~0.5% that a mass concentration was applied every 7~10 days
26N-5P-25K high nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer aqueous solutions, wash seedling in time after applying；It is non-to adopt ear period, every 2~3 months, along seedbed bedside side
To digging cingulum sulcus in root both sides, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields earthing after every plant of 100~150 g 15N-15P-15K composite fertilizers in ditch, altogether
Using 1~2 time；
When the method that the soil is managed and protected is annual March, June, September and December, seedbed is respectively carried out in 1 time with reference to weeding
It ploughs；When December intertills, 3~5 cm that earth up in maternal plant root are thick, after the completion of cultivation and banking on seedbed 5~8 cm of cladding thickness
The coconut palm chaff fermented；Daily manage and protect should keep nursery soil loose and without weeds state；
The method of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is：
A, ear period is adopted, every 15~20 days, in turn using 800~1000 times of liquid of the broad-spectrum germicides such as Bordeaux mixture, carbendazim
Spray 1 progress prevention of damage by disease；With 90% metrifonate stoste, 80% DDVP, 50% malathion missible oil or 40% flolimat 800
The primary progress pest prevention of sprinkling was used alternatingly every 30~60 days for~1000 times of liquid；
B, the non-medicament for adopting ear period use is identical with adopting ear period, and it is pre- at interval of primary progress disease is sprayed 2~March to spray frequency
Anti- or pest prevention；
If c, there is maternal plant to catch an illness or dead, diseased plant is dug out in time and is concentrated and is burnt, and carries out sterilizing according to a conventional method to soil and disappears
Poison；
The maternal plant is updated to, when finding that bad maternal plant growing way, needle jaundice, budling are thin and delicate, to replace and prepare in advance in time
Good maternal plant ensures maternal plant production fringe quality and quantity.
Relative to the prior art, the present invention has the advantage that and has the beneficial effect that：
1st, the problem and deficiency during the present invention is produced and managed for masson pine tissue-cultured seedling cuttage mother plant for cutting, form
Complete set and the efficient method for improving masson pine tissue-cultured seedling cuttage maternal plant production fringe amount, using the maternal plant that this method is cultivated into
Motility rate is high, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, stem is sturdy, nutrient growth is very vigorous, effectively extends maternal plant service life, greatly improves
Cutting yield, quality and activity, cutting plantation and survival rate are obviously improved, and respectively reach 98.3% and 97.2%, seedling quality
It is guaranteed, improve masson pine asxualization seedling-wood breeding effect.
2nd, the present invention combines Growth of Masson Pine characteristic, and maternal plant is trimmed and is managed so that the branch on maternal plant obtains
Update comprehensively, forms a large amount of fringe bar, and the 1st year 80~100 articles of maternal plant cuttings yield/（Strain year）, the 2nd year maternal plant cuttings yield
110~180 reachable/（Strain year）, the 3rd ~ 5 year maternal plant fringe bar average product up to 280~310 articles/（Strain year）, highest can
Up to 350/（Strain year）, fringe bar is uniform, thickness is moderate, and maternal plant keeps childrenization, and service life is as long as five years；Meanwhile to maternal plant
Trimming and management effectively control maternal plant tree management, are conducive to be applied fertilizer, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control etc. manages process, production efficiency
It is high.
3rd, the technical measures that clear stipulaties of the present invention each period should use, produce reality of combining closely, scientific,
Specification is with rationally, and the practicality and operability are stronger, and effect is also more notable, has apparent economic benefit, social benefit
And ecological benefits.
4th, efficient utilization and masson pine asxualization nursery stock propagation in scale construction of base of the present invention for fine germplasm resources
Technical guarantee is provided, can be widely applied to production of forestry entity and individual, has broad application prospects and turns with technological achievement
Change potentiality, while also provide Technical Reference for other seeds asxualization seedling-wood breedings.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1：
In 2013, selection was cultivated 4 months, ground diameter 4.0~4.2mm, more than height of seedling 25cm, well-grown, sturdy, well developed root system
Masson pine tissue-cultured seedling as maternal plant.
In July, selected masson pine tissue-cultured seedling is just planted in the container for plant growth equipped with seedling medium；It is avoided during plant
Nest root or damage nursery stock, are compacted seedling medium, drench sufficient root water；Wherein, the seedling medium is coconut palm chaff, peat soil, pine forest
Table soil, yellow soil and 6N-38P-9K high phosphorus composite fertilizer in mass ratio 2: 1 : 4 : 1 :0.5 uniform mixed preparing forms；Institute
The container for plant growth stated is the non-woven fabrics seedling-raising cup that specification is the cm of 15 cm × 15.It is dense with quality every 7 days after just planting in 1 month
The 6N-38P-9K high phosphorus composite fertilizer aqueous solution spent for 0.3% sprays carry out foliage dressing；Routinely daily method of managing and protecting is hidden
Sun, supplement water supply in media and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.After maternal plant is just planted 1 month, seedling root is pricked surely, when growth performance is good, i.e.,
Truncation is carried out to maternal plant；Nursery stock top is cut off during truncation, retains high 10~15 cm of trunk, not water drenching and fertilising in 7 days；Truncation
After a week every 7 days, the 30N-6P-16K high-nitrogen compound fertilizer aqueous solutions of use quality a concentration of 0.2% spray blade face and nursery base
Matter provides adequate nutrients for nursery stock, budling is promoted to sprout；Seedling is washed after fertilising in time, is applied fertilizer 3~4 times altogether.
Nursery soil deep-cut in 10~12 days before field planting, hack, impurity elimination, ted and sterilize, combined when tedding soil
It sprays 65% Mancozeb, 800 times of liquid of+40% flolimat to carry out disinfection, soil is turned in spray；Soil teds and sterilizes completion 5
After~7 days, by what is mixed by 50 kg/ mus of 300 kg/ mus decomposed of organic fertilizer and 26N-5P-25K high nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizers
Base manure is put into seedbed, with soil covering after applying.Budling is sprouted on selection trunk top after truncation 4 or more, and budling is sturdy, emerald green
Green, well-grown, the maternal plant to flush with no disease and pests harm presses 30 cm × 30 of density during in mid-October~early November
Cm is colonized in seedbed.After the completion of field planting the 7th day, the 14th day, the 21st day and the 28th day successively use quality it is a concentration of 1 ‰, 2 ‰,
3 ‰, 3 ‰ KH2PO4Aqueous solution carries out foliage dressing, applies fertilizer 4 times altogether；Daily water management is overall depending on weather condition
Keep ground moistening not ponding.
When maternal plant budling grows to 5~6 cm long, respectively retain 1 in four direction by " ten " font on maternal plant trunk top
Good, the sturdy budling of branch growth cuts off remaining budling for reaching cuttage requirement successively；4 twig items to be retained are fully wooden
Change, when growing to 14~17 cm, the budling for retaining one of direction is not trimmed, and is trained nutrition branch；Its excess-three side
5~8 cm long are retracted to trimming, are trained rudiment branch；When the budling on three rudiment branches is grown to 5~6 cm, at every
Respectively retain a sturdy budling along three different directions on rudiment branch, while trim retraction nutrition branch to 5~8 cm, also press
Preceding method is trained the branch for the sturdy budling that maintain three different directions；Treat three sturdy abundant lignifyings of budling
When growing to 10~15 cm, trimmed and retain 5~8 cm long；So far, maternal plant trimming and finishing is completed, and forms " one dry four
12 " pattern；" 12 " alternately take on later stage rudiment branch and nutrition branch respectively, to ensure maternal plant normal growth, retain 2
~3 " heads " are as nutrition branch；During entire trimming and finishing, in addition to the budling for requiring to retain, remaining budling is regardless of whether place
In adopting fringe cuttage period, will wipe out in time.
Maternal plant after the completion of shaping at non-cuttage season, can not have to trim maternal plant, until 30 before cuttage season
At~40 days, replace cutting back " 12 " part by preceding method；To ensure budling activity, ortet rejuvenation effect is improved
Fruit when maternal plant service life is longer, can be used just to mix and cut mode, and 1~2 direction branch of appropriate trimming retraction is to " four | "
Part, then carry out shaping by preceding method.
To maternal plant progress, moisture is managed and protected, nutrient is managed and protected, soil is managed and protected, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and maternal plant update, wherein：
The moisture is managed and protected to carry out according to a conventional method, and watering frequency and dosage is determined depending on weather conditions, overall to keep soil
Ponding is not advisable earth moistening；
The method of the nutrient maintenance is adopts ear period, the 26N-5P-25K high for being 0.3% every the mass concentration of application in 7 days
Nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer aqueous solution, washes seedling in time after applying；It is non-to adopt ear period, every 2 months, along seedbed bedside direction, dug in root both sides
Cingulum sulcus uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields earthing after every plant of 100 g 15N-15P-15K composite fertilizers in ditch, altogether using 1~2 time；
When the method that the soil is managed and protected is annual March, June, September and December, seedbed is respectively carried out in 1 time with reference to weeding
It ploughs；When December intertills, 3~5 cm that earth up in maternal plant root are thick, after the completion of cultivation and banking on seedbed 5~8 cm of cladding thickness
The coconut palm chaff fermented；Daily manage and protect should keep nursery soil loose and without weeds state；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control mainly aims at prevention, and can carry out in the following manner：
A, ear period is adopted, every 1 day, sprays 1 using 800~1000 times of liquid of the broad-spectrum germicides such as Bordeaux mixture, carbendazim in turn
Secondary carry out prevention of damage by disease；Using 90% metrifonate stoste, 80% DDVP, 50% malathion missible oil or 40% flolimat 800~
The primary progress pest prevention of sprinkling was used alternatingly every 30 days for 1000 times of liquid；
B, the non-medicament for adopting ear period use is identical with adopting ear period, and it is to spray primary progress prevention of damage by disease at interval of 2 months to spray frequency
Or pest prevention；
If c, there is maternal plant to catch an illness or dead, diseased plant is dug out in time and is concentrated and is burnt, and carries out sterilizing according to a conventional method to soil and disappears
Poison；
The maternal plant is updated to, when finding that bad maternal plant growing way, needle jaundice, budling are thin and delicate, to replace and prepare in advance in time
Good maternal plant ensures maternal plant production fringe quality and quantity.
Embodiment 2：
In 2014, selection was cultivated 5 months, 4.3~4.4mm of ground diameter, 26~27cm of height of seedling, well-grown, sturdy, well developed root system
Masson pine tissue-cultured seedling as maternal plant.
In August, selected masson pine tissue-cultured seedling is just planted in the container for plant growth equipped with seedling medium；It is avoided during plant
Nest root or damage nursery stock, are compacted seedling medium, drench sufficient root water；Wherein, the seedling medium is coconut palm chaff, peat soil, pine forest
Table soil, yellow soil and 6N-38P-9K high phosphorus composite fertilizer in mass ratio 2: 1 : 4 : 1 :0.5 uniform mixed preparing forms；Institute
The container for plant growth stated is the non-woven fabrics seedling-raising cup that specification is the cm of 15 cm × 15.It is dense with quality every 8 days after just planting in 2 months
The 6N-38P-9K high phosphorus composite fertilizer aqueous solution spent for 0.4% sprays carry out foliage dressing；Routinely daily method of managing and protecting is hidden
Sun, supplement water supply in media and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.After maternal plant is just planted 2 months, seedling root is pricked surely, when growth performance is good, i.e.,
Truncation is carried out to maternal plant；Nursery stock top is cut off during truncation, retains high 10~15 cm of trunk, not water drenching and fertilising in 7 days；Truncation
After a week every 8 days, the 30N-6P-16K high-nitrogen compound fertilizer aqueous solutions of use quality a concentration of 0.25% spray blade face and nursery base
Matter provides adequate nutrients for nursery stock, budling is promoted to sprout；Seedling is washed after fertilising in time, is applied fertilizer 4 times altogether.
Nursery soil deep-cut in 12~15 days before field planting, hack, impurity elimination, ted and sterilize, combined when tedding soil
It sprays 65% Mancozeb, 1000 times of liquid of+40% flolimat to carry out disinfection, soil is turned in spray；Soil teds and sterilizes completion
After 5~7 days, it will be mixed by 50 kg/ mus of 400 kg/ mus decomposed of organic fertilizer and 26N-5P-25K high nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizers
Base manure be put into seedbed, after applying with soil covering.Budling is sprouted on selection trunk top after truncation 4 or more, and budling is sturdy, emerald green
Green, well-grown, the maternal plant to flush with no disease and pests harm presses 30 cm × 30 of density during in mid-October~early November
Cm is colonized in seedbed.After the completion of field planting the 7th day, the 14th day, the 21st day and the 28th day successively use quality it is a concentration of 1 ‰, 2 ‰,
3 ‰, 3 ‰ KH2PO4Aqueous solution carries out foliage dressing, applies fertilizer 4 times altogether；Daily water management is overall depending on weather condition
Keep ground moistening not ponding.
When maternal plant budling grows to 5~6 cm long, respectively retain 1 in four direction by " ten " font on maternal plant trunk top
Good, the sturdy budling of branch growth cuts off remaining budling for reaching cuttage requirement successively；4 twig items to be retained are fully wooden
Change, when growing to 14~17 cm, the budling for retaining one of direction is not trimmed, and is trained nutrition branch；Its excess-three side
5~8 cm long are retracted to trimming, are trained rudiment branch；When the budling on three rudiment branches is grown to 5~6 cm, at every
Respectively retain a sturdy budling along three different directions on rudiment branch, while trim retraction nutrition branch to 5~8 cm, also press
Preceding method is trained the branch for the sturdy budling that maintain three different directions；Treat three sturdy abundant lignifyings of budling
When growing to 10~15 cm, trimmed and retain 5~8 cm long；So far, maternal plant trimming and finishing is completed, and forms " one dry four
12 " pattern；" 12 " alternately take on later stage rudiment branch and nutrition branch respectively, to ensure maternal plant normal growth, retain 2
~3 " heads " are as nutrition branch；During entire trimming and finishing, in addition to the budling for requiring to retain, remaining budling is regardless of whether place
In adopting fringe cuttage period, will wipe out in time.
Maternal plant after the completion of shaping at non-cuttage season, can not have to trim maternal plant, until 40 before cuttage season
At~50 days, replace cutting back " 12 " part by preceding method；To ensure budling activity, ortet rejuvenation effect is improved
Fruit when maternal plant service life is longer, can be used just to mix and cut mode, appropriate trimming 1~2 direction branch of retraction to " four " portion
Point, then carry out shaping by preceding method.
To maternal plant progress, moisture is managed and protected, nutrient is managed and protected, soil is managed and protected, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and maternal plant update, wherein：
The moisture is managed and protected to carry out according to a conventional method, and watering frequency and dosage is determined depending on weather conditions, overall to keep soil
Ponding is not advisable earth moistening；
The method of the nutrient maintenance is adopts ear period, the 26N-5P-25K high for being 0.4% every the mass concentration of application in 8 days
Nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer aqueous solution, washes seedling in time after applying；It is non-to adopt ear period, every 2 months, along seedbed bedside direction, dug in root both sides
Cingulum sulcus uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields earthing after every plant of 140 g 15N-15P-15K composite fertilizers in ditch, altogether using 1~2 time；
When the method that the soil is managed and protected is annual March, June, September and December, seedbed is respectively carried out in 1 time with reference to weeding
It ploughs；When December intertills, 3~5 cm that earth up in maternal plant root are thick, after the completion of cultivation and banking on seedbed 5~8 cm of cladding thickness
The coconut palm chaff fermented；Daily manage and protect should keep nursery soil loose and without weeds state；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control mainly aims at prevention, and can carry out in the following manner：
A, ear period is adopted, every 16 days, sprays 1 using 800~1000 times of liquid of the broad-spectrum germicides such as Bordeaux mixture, carbendazim in turn
Secondary carry out prevention of damage by disease；Using 90% metrifonate stoste, 80% DDVP, 50% malathion missible oil or 40% flolimat 800~
The primary progress pest prevention of sprinkling was used alternatingly every 45 days for 1000 times of liquid；
B, the non-medicament for adopting ear period use is identical with adopting ear period, and it is to spray primary progress prevention of damage by disease at interval of 2 months to spray frequency
Or pest prevention；
If c, there is maternal plant to catch an illness or dead, diseased plant is dug out in time and is concentrated and is burnt, and carries out sterilizing according to a conventional method to soil and disappears
Poison；
The maternal plant is updated to, when finding that bad maternal plant growing way, needle jaundice, budling are thin and delicate, to replace and prepare in advance in time
Good maternal plant ensures maternal plant production fringe quality and quantity.
Embodiment 3：
In 2015, selection was cultivated 6 months, 4.4~4.5mm of ground diameter, 26~27cm of height of seedling, well-grown, sturdy, well developed root system
Masson pine tissue-cultured seedling as maternal plant.
In August, selected masson pine tissue-cultured seedling is just planted in the container for plant growth equipped with seedling medium；It is avoided during plant
Nest root or damage nursery stock, are compacted seedling medium, drench sufficient root water；Wherein, the seedling medium is coconut palm chaff, peat soil, pine forest
Table soil, yellow soil and 6N-38P-9K high phosphorus composite fertilizer in mass ratio 2: 1 : 4 : 1 :0.5 uniform mixed preparing forms；Institute
The container for plant growth stated is the non-woven fabrics seedling-raising cup that specification is the cm of 15 cm × 15.It is dense with quality every 10 days after just planting in 2 months
The 6N-38P-9K high phosphorus composite fertilizer aqueous solution spent for 0.5% sprays carry out foliage dressing；Routinely daily method of managing and protecting is hidden
Sun, supplement water supply in media and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.After maternal plant is just planted 2 months, seedling root is pricked surely, when growth performance is good, i.e.,
Truncation is carried out to maternal plant；Nursery stock top is cut off during truncation, retains high 10~15 cm of trunk, not water drenching and fertilising in 7 days；Truncation
After a week every 10 days, the 30N-6P-16K high-nitrogen compound fertilizer aqueous solutions of use quality a concentration of 0.3% spray blade face and nursery base
Matter provides adequate nutrients for nursery stock, budling is promoted to sprout；Seedling is washed after fertilising in time, is applied fertilizer 3~4 times altogether.
Nursery soil deep-cut in 12~15 days before field planting, hack, impurity elimination, ted and sterilize, combined when tedding soil
It sprays 65% Mancozeb, 1000 times of liquid of+40% flolimat to carry out disinfection, soil is turned in spray；Soil teds and sterilizes completion
After 5~7 days, it will be mixed by 50 kg/ mus of 500 kg/ mus decomposed of organic fertilizer and 26N-5P-25K high nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizers
Base manure be put into seedbed, after applying with soil covering.Budling is sprouted on selection trunk top after truncation 4 or more, and budling is sturdy, emerald green
Green, well-grown, the maternal plant to flush with no disease and pests harm presses 30 cm × 30 of density during in mid-October~early November
Cm is colonized in seedbed.After the completion of field planting the 7th day, the 14th day, the 21st day and the 28th day successively use quality it is a concentration of 1 ‰, 2 ‰,
3 ‰, 3 ‰ KH2PO4Aqueous solution carries out foliage dressing, applies fertilizer 4 times altogether；Daily water management is overall depending on weather condition
Keep ground moistening not ponding.
When maternal plant budling grows to 5~6 cm long, respectively retain 1 in four direction by " ten " font on maternal plant trunk top
Good, the sturdy budling of branch growth cuts off remaining budling for reaching cuttage requirement successively；4 twig items to be retained are fully wooden
Change, when growing to 14~17 cm, the budling for retaining one of direction is not trimmed, and is trained nutrition branch；Its excess-three side
5~8 cm long are retracted to trimming, are trained rudiment branch；When the budling on three rudiment branches is grown to 5~6 cm, at every
Respectively retain a sturdy budling along three different directions on rudiment branch, while trim retraction nutrition branch to 5~8 cm, also press
Preceding method is trained the branch for the sturdy budling that maintain three different directions；Treat three sturdy abundant lignifyings of budling
When growing to 10~15 cm, trimmed and retain 5~8 cm long；So far, maternal plant trimming and finishing is completed, and forms " one dry four
12 " pattern；" 12 " alternately take on later stage rudiment branch and nutrition branch respectively, to ensure maternal plant normal growth, retain 2
~3 " heads " are as nutrition branch；During entire trimming and finishing, in addition to the budling for requiring to retain, remaining budling is regardless of whether place
In adopting fringe cuttage period, will wipe out in time.
Maternal plant after the completion of shaping at non-cuttage season, can not have to trim maternal plant, until 40 before cuttage season
At~50 days, replace cutting back " 12 " part by preceding method；To ensure budling activity, ortet rejuvenation effect is improved
Fruit when maternal plant service life is longer, can be used just to mix and cut mode, appropriate trimming 1~2 direction branch of retraction to " four " portion
Point, then carry out shaping by preceding method.
To maternal plant progress, moisture is managed and protected, nutrient is managed and protected, soil is managed and protected, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and maternal plant update, wherein：
The moisture is managed and protected to carry out according to a conventional method, and watering frequency and dosage is determined depending on weather conditions, overall to keep soil
Ponding is not advisable earth moistening；
The method of the nutrient maintenance is adopts ear period, the 26N-5P-25K for being 0.5% every the mass concentration of application in 10 days
High nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer aqueous solution, washes seedling in time after applying；It is non-to adopt ear period, at quarterly intervals, along seedbed bedside direction, in root both sides
Cingulum sulcus is dug, earthing after every plant of 150 g 15N-15P-15K composite fertilizers is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in ditch, altogether using 1~2 time；
When the method that the soil is managed and protected is annual March, June, September and December, seedbed is respectively carried out in 1 time with reference to weeding
It ploughs；When December intertills, 3~5 cm that earth up in maternal plant root are thick, after the completion of cultivation and banking on seedbed 5~8 cm of cladding thickness
The coconut palm chaff fermented；Daily manage and protect should keep nursery soil loose and without weeds state；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control mainly aims at prevention, and can carry out in the following manner：
A, ear period is adopted, every 20 days, sprays 1 using 800~1000 times of liquid of the broad-spectrum germicides such as Bordeaux mixture, carbendazim in turn
Secondary carry out prevention of damage by disease；Using 90% metrifonate stoste, 80% DDVP, 50% malathion missible oil or 40% flolimat 800~
The primary progress pest prevention of sprinkling was used alternatingly every 50~60 days for 1000 times of liquid；
B, the non-medicament for adopting ear period use is identical with adopting ear period, and it is at interval of spraying primary progress prevention of damage by disease March to spray frequency
Or pest prevention；
If c, there is maternal plant to catch an illness or dead, diseased plant is dug out in time and is concentrated and is burnt, and carries out sterilizing according to a conventional method to soil and disappears
Poison；
The maternal plant is updated to, when finding that bad maternal plant growing way, needle jaundice, budling are thin and delicate, to replace and prepare in advance in time
Good maternal plant ensures maternal plant production fringe quality and quantity.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. method for improving horse hair pine cuttage maternal plant production fringe amount, it is characterised in that：Including maternal plant selection, maternal plant plantation, repair It cuts shaping and maternal plant manages and protects process, selection is by cultivating the well-grown obtained, sturdy, well developed root system masson pine tissue-cultured seedling is made For maternal plant, selected masson pine tissue-cultured seedling is just planted and is managed after just planting after in the container for plant growth equipped with seedling medium, Then maternal plant truncation is carried out again, is managed after being colonized and be colonized on ready seedbed, treats that maternal plant budling grows to 5~6 Start to carry out maternal plant trimming and finishing during cm long, while moisture is managed and protected, nutrient is managed and protected, soil is managed and protected, pest and disease damage to maternal plant progress Prevention and maternal plant update managing and protecting in terms of five；Main operational steps are as follows：（1）Maternal plant selectsSelection is cultivated 4~6 months, 4 more than mm of ground diameter, 25 more than cm of height of seedling, well-grown, sturdy, well developed root system horse hair Loose tissue-cultured seedling is as maternal plant；（2）Maternal plant is planted1. it just plants：In 7~August, selected masson pine tissue-cultured seedling is just planted in the container for plant growth equipped with seedling medium；Plant When avoid nest root or damage nursery stock, be compacted seedling medium, drench sufficient root water；2. it is managed after just planting：Just plant after in 1~2 month, every 7~10 days with mass concentration be 0.3~0.5% 6N-38P-9K High phosphorus composite fertilizer aqueous solution sprays carry out foliage dressing；Routinely daily method of managing and protecting carries out sunshade, supplement water supply in media and disease Pest control；3. maternal plant truncation：After maternal plant is just planted 1~2 month, seedling root is pricked surely, when growth performance is good, i.e., maternal plant is carried out Truncation；Nursery stock top is cut off during truncation, retains high 10~15 cm of trunk, not water drenching and fertilising in 7 days；Truncation is after a week every 7 ~10 days, the 30N-6P-16K high-nitrogen compound fertilizer aqueous solutions of use quality a concentration of 0.2~0.3% sprayed blade face and seedling medium, Adequate nutrients are provided for nursery stock, budling is promoted to sprout；Seedling is washed after fertilising in time, is applied fertilizer 3~4 times altogether；4. seedbed preparation：Nursery soil deep-cut in 10~15 days before field planting, hack, impurity elimination, ted and sterilize, ted soil When combine and spray 65% Mancozeb, 800~1000 times of liquid of+40% flolimat and carry out disinfection, turn soil in spray；Soil turns over After shining and sterilizing completion 5~7 days, base manure is put into seedbed, with soil covering after applying；5. it is colonized：Budling is sprouted on selection trunk top after truncation 4 or more, and budling is sturdy, emerald green, well-grown, vigor The maternal plant of vigorous and no disease and pests harm is colonized in seedbed during in mid-October~early November by the cm of 30 cm of density × 30；6. it is managed after field planting：After the completion of field planting the 7th day, the 14th day, the 21st day and the 28th day successively use quality it is a concentration of 1 ‰, 2 ‰, 3 ‰, 3 ‰ KH2PO4Aqueous solution carries out foliage dressing, applies fertilizer 4 times altogether；Daily water management depending on weather condition, It is overall to keep ground moistening not ponding；（3）Trimming and finishing：It is each in four direction by " ten " font on maternal plant trunk top when budling grows to 5~6 cm long Retain the budling that 1 branch growth is good, sturdy, cut off remaining budling for reaching cuttage requirement successively；4 twig items to be retained are abundant Lignifying, when growing to 14~17 cm, the budling for retaining one of direction is not trimmed, and is trained nutrition branch；Its excess-three A direction, which is trimmed, retracts to 5~8 cm long, is trained rudiment branch；When the budling on three rudiment branches is grown to 5~6 cm, Respectively retain a sturdy budling along three different directions on every rudiment branch, while trim retraction nutrition branch to 5~8 cm, Also the branch for the sturdy budling that maintain three different directions is trained by preceding method；Treat that three sturdy budlings are fully wooden When matter grows to 10~15 cm, trimmed and retain 5~8 cm long；So far, maternal plant trimming and finishing is completed, and forms that " one is dry Four 12 " pattern；" 12 " alternately take on later stage rudiment branch and nutrition branch respectively, to ensure maternal plant normal growth, Retain 2~3 " heads " as nutrition branch；During entire trimming and finishing, in addition to the budling for requiring to retain, remaining budling is either No be in adopts fringe cuttage period, will wipe out in time；Maternal plant after the completion of shaping at non-cuttage season, can not have to trim maternal plant, until 30~50 before cuttage season It when, by preceding method replace cutting back " 12 " part；To ensure that budling is active, raising ortet rejuvenation effect, When maternal plant service life is longer, it can be used just to mix and cut mode, appropriate trimming 1~2 direction branch of retraction to " four " part, Again shaping is carried out by preceding method；（4）Maternal plant is managed and protected：It is managed and protected including moisture, nutrient is managed and protected, soil is managed and protected, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and maternal plant update five aspects.
- 2. a kind of method for improving horse hair pine cuttage maternal plant production fringe amount according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step （2）First plant described in seedling medium be coconut palm chaff, peat soil, pine forest table soil, yellow soil and 6N-38P-9K high phosphorus composite fertilizer press Mass ratio 2: 1 : 4 : 1 :0.5 uniform mixed preparing forms；The container for plant growth is that specification is the cm of 15 cm × 15 Non-woven fabrics seedling-raising cup.
- 3. a kind of method for improving horse hair pine cuttage maternal plant production fringe amount according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step （2）Seedbed preparation in base manure be by 300~500 kg/ mu of decomposed organic fertilizer and 26N-5P-25K high nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizers 50 kg/ mus mixes.
- 4. a kind of method for improving horse hair pine cuttage maternal plant production fringe amount according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step （4）The moisture is managed and protected to carry out according to a conventional method, and watering frequency and dosage is determined depending on weather conditions, overall to keep soil Ponding is not advisable moistening；For the method that the nutrient is managed and protected to adopt ear period, it is 0.3~0.5% that a mass concentration was applied every 7~10 days 26N-5P-25K high nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer aqueous solutions, wash seedling in time after applying；It is non-to adopt ear period, every 2~3 months, along seedbed bedside side To digging cingulum sulcus in root both sides, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields earthing after every plant of 100~150 g 15N-15P-15K composite fertilizers in ditch, altogether Using 1~2 time；When the method that the soil is managed and protected is annual March, June, September and December, seedbed is respectively carried out in 1 time with reference to weeding It ploughs；When December intertills, 3~5 cm that earth up in maternal plant root are thick, after the completion of cultivation and banking on seedbed 5~8 cm of cladding thickness The coconut palm chaff fermented；Daily manage and protect should keep nursery soil loose and without weeds state；The method of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is：A, ear period is adopted, every 15~20 days, in turn using 800~1000 times of liquid of the broad-spectrum germicides such as Bordeaux mixture, carbendazim Spray 1 progress prevention of damage by disease；With 90% metrifonate stoste, 80% DDVP, 50% malathion missible oil or 40% flolimat 800 The primary progress pest prevention of sprinkling was used alternatingly every 30~60 days for~1000 times of liquid；B, the non-medicament for adopting ear period use is identical with adopting ear period, and it is pre- at interval of primary progress disease is sprayed 2~March to spray frequency Anti- or pest prevention；If c, there is maternal plant to catch an illness or dead, diseased plant is dug out in time and is concentrated and is burnt, and carries out sterilizing according to a conventional method to soil and disappears Poison；The maternal plant is updated to, when finding that bad maternal plant growing way, needle jaundice, budling are thin and delicate, to replace and prepare in advance in time Good maternal plant ensures maternal plant production fringe quality and quantity.
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| CN106416871A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-22 | 河南省林业科学研究院 | Method for cultivating paper mulberry stock plant |
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| CN110915445A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-03-27 | 句容市乡土树种研究所 | Method for increasing survival rate of oriental blueberry cutting seedlings |
| CN112889567A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-06-04 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Method for obtaining large-batch high-quality explants by using curvicular mangnolia branch sprouting promoting technology and application of method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106416871A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-22 | 河南省林业科学研究院 | Method for cultivating paper mulberry stock plant |
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| CN110915445A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-03-27 | 句容市乡土树种研究所 | Method for increasing survival rate of oriental blueberry cutting seedlings |
| CN112889567A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-06-04 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Method for obtaining large-batch high-quality explants by using curvicular mangnolia branch sprouting promoting technology and application of method |
| CN112889567B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2022-01-07 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Method for obtaining large-batch high-quality explants by using curvicular mangnolia branch sprouting promoting technology and application of method |
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