CN103332973A - Method for preparing special composite microbial fertilizer for tobacco and capable of improving soil, and prepared product - Google Patents
Method for preparing special composite microbial fertilizer for tobacco and capable of improving soil, and prepared product Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a special composite microbial fertilizer for tobacco and capable of improving soil, and a prepared product. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: deodorizing fresh chicken manure, adding sporotrichum thermophile, lactic acid bacteria, thermoactinomyces, brown sugar, crushed straws, flour, corn flour and monopotassium phosphate, fermenting for twice and performing air drying to obtain a preparation I; fermenting bean pulp, wheat bran, calcium powder, brown sugar, bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria and ferrous sulfate for twice, and performing air drying to obtain a preparation II; and mixing the preparation I and the preparation II, adding bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger, streptomycete, terricolous cyanobacteria, photosynthetic bacteria and dinoflagellate, fermenting, and adding chemical fertilizers needed for growth of the tobacco to obtain the special composite microbial fertilizer for the tobacco. The prepared product contains viable beneficial microorganisms and can be used for improving soil aggregated structure and other indexes and increasing the yield of tobacco leaves.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture field, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer of improving the soil, also relate to the product by this method preparation.
Background technology
Flourish along with the rural area The Third Industry, the raiser in rural area is more and more, when the raiser increases, cultures ight soil also in continuous increase.Wherein contain many nutritive substances of not digested and assimilated, as the robust fibre in the ruminating animal ight soil, the nitrogen in the pig manure has the very big potentiality of utilizing.These ight soil will seriously take and contaminated soil, water body if can not get handling timely and effectively, produce foul gas and cause severe contamination.Traditional dejecta treatment method be with ight soil directly as fertilizer, but complicated organism, macromolecular cpd are can't be by cell walls and the cytolemma of root hair cell; Therefore organic fertilizer discharges to soil, must complicated organism be resolved into simple composition by soil microorganisms, or ionization could absorb; Must convert ammonia-state nitrogen (NH4+) and nitric nitrogen (NO3-) to as nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer must convert phosphate radical (PO43-) to, and potash fertilizer must convert potassium ion (K+) crop to and could absorb.And existing fertilizer mainly utilizes microorganism that the macromole in the organic fertilizer is decomposed into small molecules, but the back beneficial microorganism that is manured into soil can not continue breeding, therefore can not fundamentally improve because execute partially, singly execute, heavy dressing chemical fertilizer, cause soil acidity or alkalinity to change, organic content reduces, soil compaction is serious, water conservation, protects fertile, ventilation property extreme difference, problem such as beneficial organism flora minimizing in the soil.
Tobacco is the higher crop of economic worth, and Chinese tobacco leaf planting area was 139.2 ten thousand hectares in 2009, and yield of tobacco reaches 306.6 ten thousand tons.The different growth phases of tobacco are to the demand difference of nutrition, and there is no the fertilizer that satisfies the required whole nutrition of each growth period of tobacco at present.Present technique is exactly in order to realize the balance supply of various nutrients, to satisfy the nutritional need of tobacco growing, improves fertilizer utilization ratio, simultaneously can beneficial microorganism behind the incorporation of fertilizerin the soil can symbiotic co-existence, improve the microecological balance of soil.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, one of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer of improving the soil, the preparation method is simple, is convenient to suitability for industrialized production, and the fertilizer pH value that makes is 7.0-7.4, ventilative good, the microecological balance of preserve moisture and fertility ability.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme is:
The preparation method of the tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer of improving the soil comprises the steps:
A. with the photosynthetic bacteria of fresh chicken manure by sprinkling per ton 2000-4000 hundred million units, be to carry out deodorizing in illumination 12-24 hour under the 8000-12000LUX condition in intensity of illumination, get the deodorizing chicken manure;
B. get deodorizing chicken manure 500-600 part, thermophilic side born of the same parents mould 0.4-0.6 part, milk-acid bacteria 0.4-0.6 part, thermophilic actinomycete 0.4-0.6 part, brown sugar 3-5 part by weight, stalk 90-110 part, flour 15-20 part, Semen Maydis powder 15-20 and potassium primary phosphate 3-8 part after pulverizing, stirred the back 50-60 ℃ of condition bottom fermentation 7-10 days, after the turning under 50-60 ℃ of condition air-dry to the moisture weight ratio be 35-40%, through screening, magnetic separation gets the preparation I;
C. get dregs of beans 70-90 part, wheat bran 90-110 part, calcium powder 70-90 part, brown sugar 2-6 part, bacillus megaterium 0.4-0.6 part, subtilis 0.4-0.6 part, milk-acid bacteria 0.4-0.6 part and ferrous sulfate 4-6 part by weight, stirred the back 50-60 ℃ of condition bottom fermentation 2-3 days, after the turning again at 50-60 ℃ of bottom fermentation 2-3 days, then air-dry to the moisture weight percent be 35-40%, through screening, magnetic separation gets the preparation II;
D. get step B gained preparation I 37-40 part, step C gained preparation II 26-29 part by weight, add bacillus megaterium 0.4-0.6 part, subtilis 0.4-0.6 part, black-koji mould 0.4-0.6 part, streptomycete 0.4-0.6 part, Lu Sheng cyanobacteria 0.4-0.6 part, photosynthetic bacteria 0.4-0.6 part and dinoflagellate 1.5-2.5 part then by weight, 25-30 ℃ of condition bottom fermentation 2-3 days, again with tunning under 25-30 ℃ of condition air-dry to the moisture weight percent be 15-20%, get the survival and reproduction base-material of microorganism;
E. get survival and reproduction base-material 67-70 part of step D gained microorganism by weight, add 30-33 part chemical fertilizer then by weight, stir the back and pulverize the particle of making 2-8mm, get tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer; Described chemical fertilizer is made up of sal epsom 8-12 part, ammonium fertilizer 8-12 part, amide nitrogen fertilizer 60-80 part, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 30-40 part, zinc sulfate 8-12 part, ferrous sulfate 3-6 part, potassium primary phosphate 3-6 part, rapeseed cake 70-90 part, borax 8-12 part and potassium oxide 90-110 part by weight.
The preparation technology that the present invention prepares the preparation I as shown in Figure 1, specifically be to utilize the deodorizing chicken manure, stalk, brown sugar etc. are raw material, for fermentation provides organic, sulfuration ammonia, food fibre, glucose, carbon source or nitrogenous sources such as protein, with thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, milk-acid bacteria and high temperature defence line bacterium are fermentation strain, and when fermentation, add potassium primary phosphate and regulate the pH value with the suitable growth of fermentation strain, macromolecular substance can be degraded to small-molecule substance in the fermenting process, in the fermentation leavening temperature is controlled at 50-60 ℃, can kill roundworm egg and intestinal bacteria in the ight soil with this understanding, fermentation strain can also utilize heavy metal ion and by exchange state and soluble state degraded heavy metal, the quality of organic matter mark is greater than 30% in the preparation I that makes in the fermenting process, nitrogen phosphorus potassium massfraction is greater than 5%, crude protein quality mark is greater than 5%, the As massfraction is less than 0.0002%, the Cd massfraction is less than 0.0005%, the Pd massfraction is less than 0.003%, the Cr massfraction is less than 0.0005%, the Hg massfraction is less than 0.00005%.
The preparation technology that the present invention prepares the preparation II as shown in Figure 2, specifically be to utilize dregs of beans, wheat bran and brown sugar are carbon source or nitrogenous source, with bacillus megaterium, subtilis and milk-acid bacteria are fermentation strain, and add ferrous sulfate and regulate the pH value to be fit to the fermentation strain growth, quality of organic matter percentage ratio is greater than 30% in the preparation II that makes, nitrogen phosphorus potassium massfraction is greater than 6%, crude protein quality mark is greater than 8%, the amino acid masses mark is greater than 5%, the saccharifying enzyme massfraction is greater than 3%, the As massfraction is less than 0.0001%, the Cd massfraction is less than 0.0001%, the Pd massfraction is less than 0.0005%, the Cr massfraction is less than 0.0002%, the Hg massfraction is less than 0.00002% material.
Among the present invention preparation I and preparation II mixing secondary fermentation are made the survival and reproduction base-material of microorganism, its preparation technology as shown in Figure 3, the survival and reproduction base-material of the microorganism that makes contains rich nutrient substances and beneficial microorganism, beneficial microorganism energy symbiotic co-existence, can utilize the nutritive substance in the preparation to breed after being manured into soil, suppress the pathogenic bacteria generation simultaneously; The microorganism of breeding can secrete polyuronide, can form soil granular with gluings such as clay mineral and iron, plumbous oxyhydroxide and soil ulmin, make it the soil total porosity in 50-54%, aeration porosity about 20-25%.
The present invention also mixes the survival and reproduction base-material of microorganism with chemical fertilizer, and can satisfy the tobacco different growth periods to the demand of nutrition, thereby improves the output of tobacco leaf.
Preferably, described step B for get 550 parts of deodorizing chicken manures, 0.5 part in thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, 0.5 part of milk-acid bacteria, 0.5 part of thermophilic actinomycete, 4 parts in brown sugar by weight, 5 parts of 18 parts of 18 parts in 100 parts of stalks, flour, Semen Maydis powder after pulverizing and potassium primary phosphates, stirred the back 55 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations 8 days, after the turning under 55 ℃ of conditions air-dry to the moisture weight ratio be 38%, through screening, magnetic separation gets the preparation I.
Preferably, described step C is for getting 5 parts in 80 parts of dregs of beans, 100 parts in wheat bran, 80 parts of calcium powders, 4 parts in brown sugar, 0.5 part of bacillus megaterium, 0.5 part of subtilis, 0.5 part of milk-acid bacteria and ferrous sulfate by weight, stirred the back 55 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations 3 days, after the turning again 55 ℃ of bottom fermentations 3 days, then air-dry to the moisture weight percent be 38%, through screening, magnetic separation gets the preparation II.
Preferably, described step D is for getting 38 parts of step B gained preparation I, 28 parts of step C gained preparation II by weight, add 2 parts of 0.5 part of bacillus megaterium, 0.5 part of subtilis, 0.5 part of black-koji mould, 0.5 part of streptomycete, 0.5 part of Lu Sheng cyanobacteria, 0.5 part of photosynthetic bacteria and dinoflagellates then by weight, 28 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations 3 days, again with tunning under 28 ℃ of conditions air-dry to the moisture weight percent be 18%, get the survival and reproduction base-material of microorganism.
Preferably, described step e is to get 69 parts of the survival and reproduction base-materials of step D gained microorganism by weight, adds 31 parts of chemical fertilizer then by weight, stirs the back and pulverizes the particle of making 3mm, gets tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer; Described chemical fertilizer is made up of for 100 parts 10 parts in sal epsom, 10 parts of ammonium fertilizers, 70 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizers, 35 parts of Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKESs, 10 parts in zinc sulfate, 4 parts in ferrous sulfate, 4 parts of potassium primary phosphates, 80 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of boraxs and potassium oxide by weight.
Preferably, in the described steps A, the moisture weight percent of described chicken manure is 70%.
Preferably, among the described step B, the concentration of described thermophilic side born of the same parents mould is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram, and the concentration of described milk-acid bacteria is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram, and the concentration of described thermophilic actinomycete is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram.
Preferably, among the described step C, the concentration of described bacillus megaterium is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram, and the concentration of described subtilis is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram, and the concentration of described milk-acid bacteria is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram.
Preferably, among the described step D, the concentration of described bacillus megaterium is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram, the concentration of described subtilis is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram, the concentration of described black-koji mould is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram, the concentration of described streptomycete is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram, and the concentration of described Lu Sheng cyanobacteria is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram, and the concentration of described photosynthetic bacteria is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram.
Two of purpose of the present invention is to provide the tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer by method for preparing, and technical scheme is:
Utilize the tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer of described preparation method's preparation.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the preparation method of tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer disclosed by the invention, and its preparation method is simple, can turn waste into wealth, and the product that makes contains the beneficial microorganism of survival, and contains the nutritive substance of tobacco growing; Beneficial microbe colony in the product can be survived and breed after being manured into soil, therefore can fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing, as: the tricalcium phosphate of indissoluble in the soil is discharged CO by respiration
2, reduce edatope pH value and be converted into soluble phosphate, thereby improve the solvability of tricalcium phosphate, improve the effective rate of utilization of soil phosphorus, finally improve plant to the absorption of phosphorus; Beneficial microorganism in the product also can discharge H
2S and tertiary iron phosphate effect generate soluble phosphate, improve the effective rate of utilization of soil phosphorus equally; Also utilize the streptomycete in the product that nitrate reduction is nitrite simultaneously, movable amylase, the aspartic protease of producing of black-koji mould regulated soil pH value; The mould decomposition of cellulose of thermophilic side born of the same parents, generation saccharifying enzyme, the balance Soil structure; These beneficial microorganisms can also reduce the content of heavy metal ion by electrically charged surface with nonspecific mode combination and Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions, can reduce heavy metal toxicity and activity in microbiological oxidation simultaneously or the reduction process; And organochlorine carried out hydration reaction, form nontoxic organic compounds containing nitrogen; Can improve soil aggregate after using the tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer that the present invention makes, increase illuminating area; The activity of microorganism can reduce the soil day and night temperature, thereby reaches water conservation, protects fertile function, improves soil conductivity, is conducive to the tobacco plant root system and stretches, and finally improves the output of tobacco leaf.
Description of drawings
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearer, the invention provides following accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of preparation I.
Fig. 2 is the process flow sheet of preparation II.
The process flow sheet of Fig. 3 tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions among the embodiment is usually according to normal condition or the condition of advising according to manufacturer.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of the tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer of improving the soil comprises the steps:
A. with the photosynthetic bacteria of fresh chicken manure by sprinkling per ton 2,000 hundred million units, be that illumination was carried out deodorizing in 24 hours under the 8000LUX condition in intensity of illumination, get the deodorizing chicken manure;
B. get 500 parts of deodorizing chicken manures, 0.4 part in thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, 0.4 part of milk-acid bacteria, 0.4 part of thermophilic actinomycete, 3 parts in brown sugar by weight, 3 parts of 15 parts of 15 parts in 90 parts of stalks, flour, Semen Maydis powder after pulverizing and potassium primary phosphates, stirred the back 50 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations 7 days, after the turning under 50 ℃ of conditions air-dry to the moisture weight ratio be 35%, through screening, magnetic separation gets the preparation I;
C. get 4 parts in 70 parts of dregs of beans, 90 parts in wheat bran, 70 parts of calcium powders, 2 parts in brown sugar, 0.4 part of bacillus megaterium, 0.4 part of subtilis, 0.4 part of milk-acid bacteria and ferrous sulfate by weight, under 50 ℃ of conditions, fermented 2 days after stirring, after the turning again 50 ℃ of bottom fermentations 2 days, then air-dry to the moisture weight percent be 35%, through screening, magnetic separation gets the preparation II;
D. get 37 parts of step B gained preparation I, 26 parts of step C gained preparation II by weight, add 1.5 parts of 0.4 part of bacillus megaterium, 0.4 part of subtilis, 0.4 part of black-koji mould, 0.4 part of streptomycete, 0.4 part of Lu Sheng cyanobacteria, 0.4 part of photosynthetic bacteria and dinoflagellates then by weight, 25 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations 2 days, again with tunning under 25 ℃ of conditions air-dry to the moisture weight percent be 15%, get the survival and reproduction base-material of microorganism;
E. get 67 parts of the survival and reproduction base-materials of step D gained microorganism by weight, add 30 parts of chemical fertilizer then by weight, stir the back and pulverize the particle of making 2mm, get tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer; Described chemical fertilizer is made up of for 90 parts 8 parts in sal epsom, 8 parts of ammonium fertilizers, 60 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizers, 30 parts of Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKESs, 8 parts in zinc sulfate, 3 parts in ferrous sulfate, 3 parts of potassium primary phosphates, 70 parts of rapeseed cakes, 8 parts of boraxs and potassium oxide by weight.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of the tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer of improving the soil comprises the steps:
A. with the photosynthetic bacteria of fresh chicken manure by sprinkling per ton 4,000 hundred million units, be that illumination was carried out deodorizing in 12 hours under the 12000LUX condition in intensity of illumination, get the deodorizing chicken manure;
B. get 600 parts of deodorizing chicken manures, 0.6 part in thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, 0.6 part of milk-acid bacteria, 0.6 part of thermophilic actinomycete, 5 parts in brown sugar by weight, 8 parts of 20 parts of 20 parts in 110 parts of stalks, flour, Semen Maydis powder after pulverizing and potassium primary phosphates, stirred the back 60 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations 10 days, after the turning under 60 ℃ of conditions air-dry to the moisture weight ratio be 40%, through screening, magnetic separation gets the preparation I;
C. get 6 parts in 90 parts of dregs of beans, 110 parts in wheat bran, 90 parts of calcium powders, 6 parts in brown sugar, 0.6 part of bacillus megaterium, 0.6 part of subtilis, 0.6 part of milk-acid bacteria and ferrous sulfate by weight, stirred the back 60 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations 3 days, after the turning again 60 ℃ of bottom fermentations 3 days, then air-dry to the moisture weight percent be 40%, through screening, magnetic separation gets the preparation II;
D. get 40 parts of step B gained preparation I, 29 parts of step C gained preparation II by weight, add 2.5 parts of 0.6 part of bacillus megaterium, 0.6 part of subtilis, 0.6 part of black-koji mould, 0.6 part of streptomycete, 0.6 part of Lu Sheng cyanobacteria, 0.6 part of photosynthetic bacteria and dinoflagellates then by weight, 30 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations 3 days, again with tunning under 30 ℃ of conditions air-dry to the moisture weight percent be 20%, get the survival and reproduction base-material of microorganism;
E. get 70 parts of the survival and reproduction base-materials of step D gained microorganism by weight, add 33 parts of chemical fertilizer then by weight, stir the back and pulverize the particle of making 8mm, get tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer; Described chemical fertilizer is made up of for 110 parts 12 parts in sal epsom, 12 parts of ammonium fertilizers, 80 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizers, 40 parts of Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKESs, 12 parts in zinc sulfate, 6 parts in ferrous sulfate, 6 parts of potassium primary phosphates, 90 parts of rapeseed cakes, 12 parts of boraxs and potassium oxide by weight.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of the tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer of improving the soil comprises the steps:
A. with the photosynthetic bacteria of fresh chicken manure by sprinkling per ton 3,000 hundred million units, be that illumination was carried out deodorizing in 18 hours under the 10000LUX condition in intensity of illumination, get the deodorizing chicken manure;
B. get 550 parts of deodorizing chicken manures, 0.5 part in thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, 0.5 part of milk-acid bacteria, 0.5 part of thermophilic actinomycete, 4 parts in brown sugar by weight, 5 parts of 18 parts of 18 parts in 100 parts of stalks, flour, Semen Maydis powder after pulverizing and potassium primary phosphates, stirred the back 55 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations 8 days, after the turning under 55 ℃ of conditions air-dry to the moisture weight ratio be 38%, through screening, magnetic separation gets the preparation I;
C. get 5 parts in 80 parts of dregs of beans, 100 parts in wheat bran, 80 parts of calcium powders, 4 parts in brown sugar, 0.5 part of bacillus megaterium, 0.5 part of subtilis, 0.5 part of milk-acid bacteria and ferrous sulfate by weight, under 55 ℃ of conditions, fermented 3 days after stirring, after the turning again 55 ℃ of bottom fermentations 3 days, then air-dry to the moisture weight percent be 38%, through screening, magnetic separation gets the preparation II;
D. get 38 parts of step B gained preparation I, 28 parts of step C gained preparation II by weight, add 2 parts of 0.5 part of bacillus megaterium, 0.5 part of subtilis, 0.5 part of black-koji mould, 0.5 part of streptomycete, 0.5 part of Lu Sheng cyanobacteria, 0.5 part of photosynthetic bacteria and dinoflagellates then by weight, 28 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations 3 days, again with tunning under 28 ℃ of conditions air-dry to the moisture weight percent be 18%, get the survival and reproduction base-material of microorganism;
E. get 69 parts of the survival and reproduction base-materials of step D gained microorganism by weight, add 31 parts of chemical fertilizer then by weight, stir the back and pulverize the particle of making 3mm, get tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer; Described chemical fertilizer is made up of for 100 parts 10 parts in sal epsom, 10 parts of ammonium fertilizers, 70 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizers, 35 parts of Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKESs, 10 parts in zinc sulfate, 4 parts in ferrous sulfate, 4 parts of potassium primary phosphates, 80 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of boraxs and potassium oxide by weight.
The moisture weight percent of smelly chicken manure is 70% in above-described embodiment, but also can use chicken manure and the cattle manure of other moisture contents; Among the step B; The concentration of thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, milk-acid bacteria and thermophilic actinomycete is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram; In like manner among the step C concentration of bacillus megaterium, subtilis and milk-acid bacteria greater than 200,000,000 units/gram; Bacillus megaterium among the step D, subtilis, black-koji mould, streptomycete, the concentration of Lu Sheng cyanobacteria and photosynthetic bacteria is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram, and its concentration is crossed to hang down and will be prolonged fermentation time.
Application Example 1
Test is located at tea place village, Fuling District Wulin tomb mountain area, Chongqing City 3 societies, and the test tobacco bred is flue-cured tobacco, is neutral yellow earth for test soil, height above sea level 1076M, and test soil fertility is medium, and the pH value is 6.9, and irrigation conditions is arranged, experimental plot, experimental plot area 64m
2, establish three iteron groups arrangements and average, test and averaged in 2 years.
Fertilizing method: according to the commitment principle of equal value, experimental group 1,2 and 3 is used the vegetables specific complex microorganism fertilizer of embodiment 1-3 preparation respectively, uses 120kg for every mu; It is the composite fertilizer of 15-5-5 that control group 1 is used nitrogen phosphorus potassium mass ratio, uses 70kg for every mu; Control group 2 every mu use 50 kg urea, 60 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, measure yield of tobacco then, and adopt potassium bichromate titrimetric method to measure soil organic matter content, potentiometry is measured soil pH value, the microbes biomass carbon measuring method is measured soil microorganisms and utilized core cutter method to calculate soil total porosity and soil capillary porosity, and the result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1, tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer result
Annotate: 7 samplings of S shape are adopted in soil sample
As shown in Table 1, yield of tobacco is improved after using tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer of the present invention, and soil aggregate such as soil total porosity and soil capillary porosity all improve, soil organic matter content, soil microbial biomass carbon and soil pH value all are improved simultaneously, and organic matter becomes positive correlation with microorganism active, the soil total porosity becomes positive correlation with absorbancy, oxygen density, absorbancy becomes positive correlation with microbial biomass carbon, amount nitrogen, and capillary porosity becomes positive correlation with water conservation, water-permeable and electric conductivity.Therefore the tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer of the present invention's preparation has the effect of improving soil aggregate and other indexs, can be widely used in tobacco planting.
The comparative example 1
The Chinese patent that tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer and the publication number of embodiment of the invention 1-3 preparation is CN101186530A compares test.Test is located at tea place village, Fuling District Wulin tomb mountain area, Chongqing City 3 societies, and the test tobacco bred is flue-cured tobacco, is neutral yellow earth for test soil, height above sea level 1076M, and test soil fertility is medium, and the pH value is 6.9, and irrigation conditions is arranged, experimental plot, experimental plot area 64m
2, establish three iteron groups arrangements and average, test and averaged in 2 years.
Fertilizing method: according to the commitment principle of equal value, experimental group 1,2 and 3 is used the tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer of embodiment 1-3 preparation respectively, uses 120 kilograms for every mu; It is the disclosed fertilizer of CN101186530A that control group is used publication number, uses 120 kilograms for every mu; Measure corresponding index according to the method for Application Example 1 then, the result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2, tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer and fowl dung fermentation fertilizer comparing result
As shown in Table 2, use the tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer of the present invention's preparation and compare with comparative group, yield of tobacco has improved about 6.4%, and organic matter obviously increases, soil total porosity and capillary porosity increase, and therefore can be more conducive to water conservation, insulation and electric conductivity.Microbial biomass carbon also obviously increases simultaneously, its reason may be that this fertilizer contains the required nutrition of thalli growth, can in fertilizer, survive after the fermentation, therefore can utilize nutritive substance continued growth in the fertilizer after being manured into soil, the improved effect of soil being better than publication number is the disclosed fertilizer of CN101186530A.
The content of chromium, cadmium, arsenic, mercury and plumbous heavy metal element in the soil behind the employing aas determination tea tree specific complex microorganism fertilizer on probation, the result is as shown in table 3.
Table 3, use heavy metal content result behind tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer and the fowl dung fermentation fertilizer
| Fertilizer | Chromium (mgkg -1) | Cadmium (mgkg -1) | Arsenic (mgkg -1) | Mercury (mgkg -1) | Plumbous (mgkg -1) |
| Experimental group 1 | 33.55 | 0.40 | 14.58 | 0.09 | 36.06 |
| Experimental group 2 | 33.74 | 0.30 | 14.67 | 0.09 | 36.10 |
| Experimental group 3 | 33.32 | 0.30 | 14.44 | 0.09 | 36.12 |
| Control group | 35.44 | 0.41 | 15.32 | 0.09 | 38.17 |
As shown in Table 3, use the tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer of the present invention preparation after, heavy metal content is lower, and effect is better than the disclosed fowl dung fermentation fertilizer of CN101186530A.
Explanation is at last, above preferred embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is described in detail by above preferred embodiment, but those skilled in the art are to be understood that, can make various changes to it in the form and details, and not depart from claims of the present invention institute restricted portion.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of the tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer of improving the soil is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A. with the photosynthetic bacteria of fresh chicken manure by sprinkling per ton 2000-4000 hundred million units, be to carry out deodorizing in illumination 12-24 hour under the 8000-12000LUX condition in intensity of illumination, get the deodorizing chicken manure;
B. get deodorizing chicken manure 500-600 part, thermophilic side born of the same parents mould 0.4-0.6 part, milk-acid bacteria 0.4-0.6 part, thermophilic actinomycete 0.4-0.6 part, brown sugar 3-5 part by weight, stalk 90-110 part, flour 15-20 part, Semen Maydis powder 15-20 part and potassium primary phosphate 3-8 part after pulverizing, stirred the back 50-60 ℃ of condition bottom fermentation 7-10 days, after the turning under 50-60 ℃ of condition air-dry to the moisture weight ratio be 35-40%, through screening, magnetic separation gets the preparation I;
C. get dregs of beans 70-90 part, wheat bran 90-110 part, calcium powder 70-90 part, brown sugar 2-6 part, bacillus megaterium 0.4-0.6 part, subtilis 0.4-0.6 part, milk-acid bacteria 0.4-0.6 part and ferrous sulfate 4-6 part by weight, stirred the back 50-60 ℃ of condition bottom fermentation 2-3 days, after the turning again at 50-60 ℃ of bottom fermentation 2-3 days, then air-dry to the moisture weight percent be 35-40%, through screening, magnetic separation gets the preparation II;
D. get step B gained preparation I 37-40 part, step C gained preparation II 26-29 part by weight, add bacillus megaterium 0.4-0.6 part, subtilis 0.4-0.6 part, black-koji mould 0.4-0.6 part, streptomycete 0.4-0.6 part, Lu Sheng cyanobacteria 0.4-0.6 part, photosynthetic bacteria 0.4-0.6 part and dinoflagellate 1.5-2.5 part then by weight, 25-30 ℃ of condition bottom fermentation 2-3 days, again with tunning under 25-30 ℃ of condition air-dry to the moisture weight percent be 15-20%, get the survival and reproduction base-material of microorganism;
E. get survival and reproduction base-material 67-70 part of step D gained microorganism by weight, add 30-33 part chemical fertilizer then by weight, stir the back and pulverize the particle of making 2-8mm, get tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer; Described chemical fertilizer is made up of sal epsom 8-12 part, ammonium fertilizer 8-12 part, amide nitrogen fertilizer 60-80 part, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 30-40 part, zinc sulfate 8-12 part, ferrous sulfate 3-6 part, potassium primary phosphate 3-6 part, rapeseed cake 70-90 part, borax 8-12 part and potassium oxide 90-110 part by weight.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step B for get 550 parts of deodorizing chicken manures, 0.5 part in thermophilic side born of the same parents mould, 0.5 part of milk-acid bacteria, 0.5 part of thermophilic actinomycete, 4 parts in brown sugar by weight, 5 parts of 18 parts of 18 parts in 100 parts of stalks, flour, Semen Maydis powder after pulverizing and potassium primary phosphates, stirred the back 55 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations 8 days, after the turning under 55 ℃ of conditions air-dry to the moisture weight ratio be 38%, through screening, magnetic separation gets the preparation I.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step C is for getting 5 parts in 80 parts of dregs of beans, 100 parts in wheat bran, 80 parts of calcium powders, 4 parts in brown sugar, 0.5 part of bacillus megaterium, 0.5 part of subtilis, 0.5 part of milk-acid bacteria and ferrous sulfate by weight, stirred the back 55 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations 3 days, after the turning again 55 ℃ of bottom fermentations 3 days, then air-dry to the moisture weight percent be 38%, through screening, magnetic separation gets the preparation II.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step D is for getting 38 parts of step B gained preparation I, 28 parts of step C gained preparation II by weight, add 2 parts of 0.5 part of bacillus megaterium, 0.5 part of subtilis, 0.5 part of black-koji mould, 0.5 part of streptomycete, 0.5 part of Lu Sheng cyanobacteria, 0.5 part of photosynthetic bacteria and dinoflagellates then by weight, 28 ℃ of condition bottom fermentations 3 days, again with tunning under 28 ℃ of conditions air-dry to the moisture weight percent be 18%, get the survival and reproduction base-material of microorganism.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step e is to get 69 parts of the survival and reproduction base-materials of step D gained microorganism by weight, add 31 parts of chemical fertilizer then by weight, stir the back and pulverize the particle of making 3mm, get tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer; Described chemical fertilizer is made up of for 100 parts 10 parts in sal epsom, 10 parts of ammonium fertilizers, 70 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizers, 35 parts of Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKESs, 10 parts in zinc sulfate, 4 parts in ferrous sulfate, 4 parts of potassium primary phosphates, 80 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of boraxs and potassium oxide by weight.
6. according to each described preparation method of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: in the described steps A, the moisture weight percent of described chicken manure is 70%.
7. according to each described preparation method of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: among the described step B, the concentration of described thermophilic side born of the same parents mould is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram, and the concentration of described milk-acid bacteria is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram, and the concentration of described thermophilic actinomycete is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram.
8. according to each described preparation method of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: among the described step C, the concentration of described bacillus megaterium is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram, and the concentration of described subtilis is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram, and the concentration of described milk-acid bacteria is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram.
9. according to each described preparation method of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: among the described step D, the concentration of described bacillus megaterium is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram, the concentration of described subtilis is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram, the concentration of described black-koji mould is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram, the concentration of described streptomycete is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram, and the concentration of described Lu Sheng cyanobacteria is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram, and the concentration of described photosynthetic bacteria is greater than 200,000,000 units/gram.
10. utilize the tobacco specific complex microorganism fertilizer of each described preparation method's preparation of claim 1-9.
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