A kind of sturgeon feed additive special
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fodder, relate generally to the used for aquiculture feed addictive, particularly a kind of sturgeon cultivation feed additive special.
Background technology
Sturgeon is the cartilage ganoid, its delicious meat, nutritious (being rich in brain gold and B family vitamin), be subjected to numerous gourmets' favorable comment, it is the first-class delicious food in the food, has very high economic worth, the title that " black gold " is arranged, at present external sturgeon fishery is one of industry that profit is the highest in the world.In recent years; along with development of human society; setting up of rivers and lakes power station and building up of ship lock; the oneself who the has seriously influenced sturgeon channel of looking for food; cause the endangered stage of rare special aquatic products such as sturgeon; on April 1st, 1998 rose, and the United Nations's Washington pact (CITIS) is regarded as endangered watching for animals with the wild sturgeon in the whole world.The domestic sturgeon of China mainly is distributed in the Changjiang river, Heilungkiang and tributary thereof, and have 2 sections 4 at present and belong to 11 kinds, in order to increase stock number, in protection, the measure that our country has also adopted propagation to release and propagate artificially.The sturgeon fast growth, wide temperature, wide salt, strong to the adaptability of environment, have good breed characteristic.But because the sturgeon hone lamella is hard, the gill is partly exposed, carries out high-density breeding under artificial environment, frays mutually and is infected easily, and disease also increases gradually, and the generation of sturgeon bacterial disease has become the bottleneck of sturgeon cultivation industry at present.The bacteriosis of sturgeon mainly contains bacterial septicemia and bacillary hemorrhage (swollen mouth disease), bacillary enteritis, and cause of disease mainly is Aeromonas, has extremely strong infectiousness, and ill sturgeon death rate height has caused very big loss to production.The antibiotic etc that adopt are prevented and treated more when the sturgeon disease prevention and cure, but antibiotic etc is controlled easy polluted water, causes the medicament residue phenomenon, and dose is excessive also can to have a negative impact to the growth of sturgeon.In addition, the long-term use of most antibiotics medicine has also caused the chemical sproof generation of pathogenic bacteria, has caused difficulty finally for the control of disease.
Therefore, the research of disease prevention and cure is task of top priority, this be guarantee that sturgeon cultivation continues, one of the key of stable development.Chinese medicine medical science belongs to the traditional medicine of China, strengthens the immunity function of aquatic livestock by the use of Chinese herbal medicine, and the incidence of disease that reduces aquatic livestock becomes hot research in recent years.Chinese herbal medicine is particularly useful for intensive, the needs of scale production of current aquatic products industry as medicine or the feed addictive of disease prevention and cure, is convenient to carry out colony's control of high-density breeding sturgeon disease.Chinese herbal medicine have residual less, pathogenic bacteria advantage such as be difficult for developing immunity to drugs, its effect not only has direct inhibition and killing action at pathogenic microorganisms itself, the more important thing is the object-immunity system of feeding is adjusted, improve immunity function and the anti-stress ability of feeding animals, medicinal herb components is made into feed addictive, is used for the disease control criterion that the easy disease that occurs of control sturgeon cultivation meets the nuisanceless aquatic products industry of development fully, produces green aquatic product.In addition, the Chinese has multiple nutritional components and bioactivator in the Chinese herbal medicine, selects suitable herbal variety can also play the technique effect of the growth of promotion sturgeon and raising sturgeon quality.
Summary of the invention
Propagate the middle problem that exists artificially for solving existing sturgeon, the present invention aims to provide a kind of sturgeon and propagates feed additive special artificially, it selects for use multiple natural Chinese medicinal herb components compatibility to form, it can improve the immunity of sturgeon on the one hand, common disease in the control breeding process, can also promote to propagate artificially the growth of sturgeon on the other hand, improve the quality of sturgeon under the high-density breeding condition; It also can avoid antibiotic abuse simultaneously, is conducive to the sound development of culture fishery.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention adopts following technological means:
A kind of sturgeon feed additive special is characterized in that, is made by the raw material of following weight portion: phoenix-tail fern 3-5 part, Chinese lobelia 2-4 part, capsule of weeping forsythia 3-5 part, purple perilla 2-4 part, garlic 5-8 part, anise 4-7 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae 2-4 part, root of herbaceous peony 2-5 part, carrier 10-15 part.
Wherein said carrier is one or both the combination in corn protein powder, rice bran, wheat bran, medical stone, the zeolite powder, is preferably zeolite powder and corn protein powder by the combination of 2:1.
Preferably, made by the raw material of following weight portion: 4 parts of phoenix-tail ferns, 3 parts of Chinese lobelia, 4 parts of the capsules of weeping forsythia, 3 parts of purple perillas, 6 parts in garlic, 6 parts of anises, 3 parts in Radix Glycyrrhizae, 4 parts of the root of herbaceous peonys, 13 parts in carrier.
All right, preferably, made by the raw material of following weight portion: 5 parts of phoenix-tail ferns, 4 parts of Chinese lobelia, 5 parts of the capsules of weeping forsythia, 4 parts of purple perillas, 8 parts in garlic, 7 parts of anises, 4 parts in Radix Glycyrrhizae, 5 parts of the root of herbaceous peonys, 10 parts in carrier.
The preparation method of sturgeon feed additive special of the present invention is: take by weighing each raw material by weight, at first seven kinds of Chinese medicines such as phoenix-tail fern, Chinese lobelia, the capsule of weeping forsythia, purple perilla, garlic, anise, Radix Glycyrrhizae and the root of herbaceous peony etc. that take by weighing are mixed and be crushed to about 40-60 order, then pulverizing is obtained herb powder and mix with the carrier that takes by weighing, stir the back packing namely.
Sturgeon feed additive special of the present invention is used in the mixed feed by the conventional sturgeon that is added into of 0.8 ~ 1.5wt%, namely can be used for the raising of sturgeon, it can reduce the generation of disease in the breeding process effectively, the particularly generation of bacterial septicemia, bacillary hemorrhage and bacillary enteritis, improve the survival rate of propagating sturgeon artificially, promote the growth of sturgeon.
Sturgeon feed additive special of the present invention has following advantage and beneficial effect:
According to the growth characteristic of sturgeon, easy ill disease and the custom of searching for food, sturgeon feed additive special of the present invention has mainly been selected natural, safe medicinal herb components for use, follow the preparation principle of " monarch ", kind and the optimum amount of Chinese herbal medicine have finally been determined through repetition test and checking, feasible wherein Synergistic between the various traditional Chinese medicine ingredients, mutually promote, reached fabulous growth promotion, the technique effect of immune, the pre-disease prevention of raising.Selected phoenix-tail fern wherein, have another name called well head and connect grass, pheasant tail, herb contains plurality of active ingredients such as flavonoids, sterol, has effect clearing heat and detoxicating, the detumescence hemostasis, have good reparation effect for the damage of sturgeon gill portion, can effectively suppress the generation that gill portion infects; Chinese lobelia contains alkaloid, flavonoids, saponin class material, has effect clearing heat and detoxicating, inducing diuresis for removing edema, and is inhibited for pathomycete and bacterium; The capsule of weeping forsythia has effect clearing heat and detoxicating, mass dissipating and swelling eliminating, and Escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, Shigella, streptococcus and Aeromonas are had good bacteriostasis; Purple perilla has another name called red Soviet Union, and wherein contained purple perilla is with having very strong antisepsis, and its infusion has good inhibitory effect external to staphylococcus, shigella dysenteriae, Escherichia coli; Allicin in the garlic is the good sterilization agent, has very strong antibacterial action, and it is cured the disease extensively, share with phoenix-tail fern, the capsule of weeping forsythia, can suppress the generation that Aeromonas infects effectively; Anise has another name called Chinese anise, all has good bacteriostasis for gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria; Radix Glycyrrhizae has the effect with middle emergency, detoxifcation, can improve the immunity of animal effectively; The root of herbaceous peony has the astringe yin of nourishing blood and calm, antibacterial action, and it can improve the immunity of feeding animals effectively.Collaborative mutually between the said herbal medicine, the common promotion reached and improved technique effect immune, that growth promotion is grown.In addition, selected traditional Chinese medicine ingredients anise, garlic and purple perilla is common seasoning Chinese herbal medicine among the present invention, in feed, add above-mentioned substance and can effectively improve the quality of sturgeon, and local flavor material abundance in its flesh of fish, local flavor is greatly improved.
Adopt sturgeon feed additive special of the present invention can improve the economic benefit of propagating sturgeon artificially significantly, it can significantly reduce the generation that sturgeon is propagated disease in the process artificially, the particularly generation of bacterial septicemia, bacillary hemorrhage and bacillary enteritis, survival rate improves 12 ~ 15%, promote the growth of sturgeon, and can improve the sturgeon quality.And cost of material used in the present invention is all lower, and production and use cost are all relatively low, are conducive to save cost.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: a kind of sturgeon feed additive special, made by the raw material of following weight portion: 4 parts of phoenix-tail ferns, 3 parts of Chinese lobelia, 4 parts of the capsules of weeping forsythia, 3 parts of purple perillas, 6 parts in garlic, 6 parts of anises, 3 parts in Radix Glycyrrhizae, 4 parts of the root of herbaceous peonys, 13 parts in carrier.Its preparation method is: take by weighing each raw material by weight, at first seven kinds of Chinese medicines such as phoenix-tail fern, Chinese lobelia, the capsule of weeping forsythia, purple perilla, garlic, anise, Radix Glycyrrhizae and the root of herbaceous peony etc. that take by weighing are mixed and be crushed to about 40-60 order, then pulverizing is obtained herb powder and mix with the carrier that takes by weighing, stir the back packing namely.
Embodiment 2: a kind of sturgeon feed additive special, made by the raw material of following weight portion: 5 parts of phoenix-tail ferns, 4 parts of Chinese lobelia, 5 parts of the capsules of weeping forsythia, 4 parts of purple perillas, 8 parts in garlic, 7 parts of anises, 4 parts in Radix Glycyrrhizae, 5 parts of the root of herbaceous peonys, 10 parts in carrier.Its preparation method is: take by weighing each raw material by weight, at first seven kinds of Chinese medicines such as phoenix-tail fern, Chinese lobelia, the capsule of weeping forsythia, purple perilla, garlic, anise, Radix Glycyrrhizae and the root of herbaceous peony etc. that take by weighing are mixed and be crushed to about 40-60 order, then pulverizing is obtained herb powder and mix with the carrier that takes by weighing, stir the back packing namely.
Embodiment 3: the animal-breeding test
Sturgeon is propagated the base artificially in Hubei, chooses the mandarin sturgeon of 1000 tail artificial propagations and breed for raising object, is the same batch of same a collection of fry of putting in a suitable place to breed, is divided into 5 groups, and every group of 200 tails adopt identical aquaculture model to manage.Wherein organize 1 and be control group, in the production process of mixed feed, add 1.2% corn protein powder; Group 2-3 is experimental group, adds 1.2% embodiment 1,2 sturgeon feed additive special in the production process of mixed feed; Group 4-5 is the contrast test group, adds 1.2% comparative experimental example 1,2 feed addictive in the production process of mixed feed, the average survival rate that record is cultured and the growing state in the breeding process, and concrete outcome sees the following form 1:
Table 1: sturgeon growing state record sheet
Group |
Additive |
Survival rate |
Growing state |
Group 1 |
Corn protein powder |
72.64% |
Scale bacterial infection illness appears during this time, and controlled after the administration of antibiotics, cause more fry death, final individuality is minimum relatively |
Group 2 |
Embodiment 1 |
84.24% |
Do not see that during this time the scale infection takes place, rare fry death, final individuality is maximum relatively |
Group 3 |
Embodiment 2 |
87.37% |
Do not see that during this time the scale infection takes place, rare fry death, final individual relatively large |
Group 4 |
Comparative experimental example 1
a |
74.22% |
Occur small-scale bacterial infection illness during this time, cause the death of part fry, use controlled, the disappearance of feed postoperative infection of group 2 |
Group 5 |
Comparative experimental example 2
b |
79.82% |
Occur small-scale bacterial infection illness during this time, cause the death of part fry |
A. contrast experiment's example 1: a kind of feed addictive, made by following compositions in portion by weight: 4 parts of the capsules of weeping forsythia, 3 parts of purple perillas, 6 parts in garlic, 6 parts of anises, 4 parts in Radix Glycyrrhizae, 4 parts of the root of herbaceous peonys, 13 parts in carrier.The preparation method is with embodiment 1.
B. comparative experimental example 2: a kind of feed addictive, formed by following compositions in portion by weight: 1 part of phoenix-tail fern, 1 part of Chinese lobelia, 4 parts of the capsules of weeping forsythia, 3 parts of purple perillas, 1 part in garlic, 6 parts of anises, 4 parts in Radix Glycyrrhizae, 1 part of the root of herbaceous peony, 13 parts in carrier.The preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Shown by above animal feeding experiment result, sturgeon feed additive special involved in the present invention can effectively prevent the generation of germ in the sturgeon cultivation process, virus infections illness, the particularly generation of bacterial septicemia, bacillary hemorrhage and bacillary enteritis, its dominant mechanism is to suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the water, improve sturgeon simultaneously to the resistance of pathogenic bacteria, and in the process of feeding, also find, throwing something and feeding for the sturgeon at susceptible initial stage is added with the mixed feed of sturgeon feed additive special of the present invention, and it can play certain therapeutic action.And under the identical situation of other conditions, the speed of growth tool of the sturgeon that is added with feed addictive of the present invention fed has greatly improved, and individual average body is kept burning day and night to be shown greater than contrast and contrast test group.And feed behind the sturgeon feed additive special of the present invention, the immunocompetence of sturgeon increases, and has improved the survival rate of sturgeon.
Test propagating artificially of the acipenser schrencki in Heilungkiang, also obtained identical effect.In large-scale cultivation field, ground breeding process such as Chongqing, Jiangxi, sturgeon feed additive special of the present invention has also been obtained similar effect simultaneously, and the culture benefit in every mu of waters has improved about 13.2%.
Raw material of the present invention all can be bought from the market.More than disclosed be specific embodiments of the invention only, but the present invention is not limited thereto, any those skilled in the art can think variation, all should drop within protection scope of the present invention.