CN103250875B - Special compound feed for tilapia - Google Patents
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- CN103250875B CN103250875B CN201310228051.5A CN201310228051A CN103250875B CN 103250875 B CN103250875 B CN 103250875B CN 201310228051 A CN201310228051 A CN 201310228051A CN 103250875 B CN103250875 B CN 103250875B
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to special compound feed for tilapia, which is prepared by the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of fish meal, 15-30 parts of soybean meal, 15-30 parts of rapeseed meal, 10-15 parts of cottonseed meal, 10-15 parts of DDSG (Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles), 10-20 parts of flour, 10-12 parts of corn, 4-8 parts of zeolite powder, 1-3 parts of soybean oil, 1-2 parts of fish oil, and 0.6-1.2 parts of special feed additive for the tilapia, and the sum of the parts by weight of the raw materials is 100 parts. The special compound feed for the tilapia can improve the economic benefit of tilapia culture distinctly, enhance the anti-stress capacity of the tilapia significantly, improve the immunity of the tilapia, and reduce the incidences of nutritive fatty liver diseases and streptococcicosis during the culture; a survival rate of the tilapia is increased by 16-20%; the growth of the tilapia is promoted; and the quality of fish is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fodder, relate to a kind of used for aquiculture feed, particularly a kind of Tilapia mossambica special compound feed that can improve Tilapia mossambica immunity, effectively reduce the infection of Tilapia mossambica breeding process streptococcus intermedius, promotion Growth Op Tilapia.
Background technology
Tilapia mossambica, is commonly called as African crucian, white salmon, is the breed variety that FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) is recommended to the whole world.Tilapia mossambica every year in Chinese cultivation amount up to more than 1,200,000 tons, account for 60% of whole world cultivation amount, mainly concentrate on Guangdong, Guangxi and In Fujian Province, the intensive culture of Tilapia mossambica is one of pillar of Guangdong Province " shrimp of fish " industrial chain, is also one of main aquaculture of the coastal areas such as Guangxi, Fujian.Growth Op Tilapia is rapid, aquaculture cost is low, resistance against diseases is strong, the germ of many harm four large Chinese carps is on all no impacts of Tilapia mossambica, yet, along with the expansion of intensive culture area and increasing of cultivation density, the disease problem of Tilapia mossambica is day by day serious, particularly streptococcal infection, once the streptococcosis of Tilapia mossambica outburst, infectiousness is strong, duration is long, the death rate is high, and the more difficult control of the higher state of an illness of water temperature, annual megathermal period streptococcus great outburst, usually cause the full pool of Tilapia mossambica of cultivation dead, Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis is called Tilapia mossambica cancer by raiser, once mean that outburst just yields to no remedy.Study report and show, Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis is mainly due to streptococcal infection brain, DIABLO warp, the organs such as infringement liver, kidney, it is fallen ill mainly owing to causing, especially when feed nutrition is unbalanced, nitrogen discharged too much, cause the high dissolved oxygen of water body ammonia nitrogen low.In addition; nutritional fatty liver disease is also the FAQs in the cultivation of puzzlement Tilapia mossambica; it directly causes Growth Op Tilapia slow; anti-stress ability declines; it is also because the factors such as feed quality is not good, feed nutrition is unbalanced are brought out; conventionally ill Tilapia mossambica belly expands and affects exterior quality, and muscle fat content is high, and meat nutrition and mouthfeel obviously decline.
Therefore, for the problems referred to above in Tilapia mossambica cultivation, need feed addictive and mixed feed that exploitation improves Tilapia mossambica anti-stress ability badly, to strengthen anti-stress ability and the immunity of Tilapia mossambica, reduce the outburst of Tilapia mossambica breeding process streptococcus intermedius infection and the generation of nutritional fatty liver disease, improve the commodity value of Tilapia mossambica, promote health and the sustainable development of Tilapia mossambica aquaculture.Chinese medicine medical science belongs to the traditional medicine of China, strengthens the immunity function of aquatic livestock by the use of Chinese herbal medicine, and the incidence of disease that reduces aquatic livestock becomes study hotspot in recent years.Chinese herbal medicine is as medicine or the feed addictive of disease prevention and cure, is particularly useful for that current aquatic products industry is intensive, the needs of large-scale production, is convenient to carry out colony's control of disease in high-density breeding.Chinese herbal medicine have residual less, the pathogenic bacteria advantage such as be difficult for developing immunity to drugs, its effect not only has direct inhibition and killing action for pathogenic microorganisms itself, the more important thing is the object-immunity system of feeding is adjusted, improve immunity function and the anti-stress ability of feeding animals, medicinal herb components is made into feed addictive, for preventing and treating the Tilapia mossambica cultivation disease control criterion that easily disease of appearance meets the nuisanceless aquatic products industry of development completely, produces green aquatic product.In addition, in Chinese herbal medicine, contain multiple nutritional components and bioactivator, select suitable herbal variety can also play the technique effect of enhancing Tilapia mossambica anti-stress ability, promotion Growth Op Tilapia and raising flesh quality.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem existing in Tilapia mossambica cultivation in prior art, the present invention aims to provide a kind of Tilapia mossambica special compound feed, the nutritional labeling and the Tilapia mossambica feed additive special that wherein comprise multiple equilibrium, described Tilapia mossambica feed additive special selects multiple natural Chinese medicinal herb components compatibility to form, it can strengthen the anti-stress ability of Tilapia mossambica on the one hand, improve the immunity of Tilapia mossambica, the generation of disease in control breeding process, can also promote the growth of Tilapia mossambica on the other hand, improve the meat of Tilapia mossambica under high-density breeding condition; It also can avoid antibiotic abuse simultaneously, is conducive to the sound development of culture fishery.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention adopts following technological means:
A Tilapia mossambica special compound feed, is characterized in that, by the raw material of following weight portion, is made: fish meal 3-8 part, dregs of beans 15-30 part, dish dregs of rice 15-30 part, cotton dregs 10-15 part, DDSG 10-15 part, flour 10-20 part, corn 10-12 part, zeolite powder 4-8 part, soya-bean oil 1-3 part, fish oil 1-2 part, 0.6 ~ 1.2 part of Tilapia mossambica feed additive special, the parts by weight sum of above-mentioned each raw material is 100 parts.
Preferably, by the raw material of following weight portion, made: 5 parts of fish meal, 17 parts of dregs of beans, 18 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 12 parts of cotton dregs, 13 parts of DDSG, 15 parts, flour, 11 parts of corns, 5 parts of zeolite powders, 2 parts, soya-bean oil, 1.2 parts, fish oil, 0.8 part of Tilapia mossambica feed additive special, the parts by weight sum of above-mentioned each raw material is 100 parts.
Wherein said Tilapia mossambica feed additive special is mixed and makes after crushed by the raw material of following weight portion: 7 parts of the wind-weeds, 6 parts, Chinese catalpa leaf, 7 parts of the fruits of Chinese wolfberry, 6 parts of rheum officinales, 6 parts of the barks of official magnolia, 5 parts of wrinkled giant hyssops, 4 parts of the reds sage root, 4 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 2 parts of the seed of Oriental arborvitaes, 2 parts of acalypha copperleafs, 2 parts of the bighead atractylodes rhizomes, 10 parts of corn protein powders.The preparation method of described Tilapia mossambica feed additive special is: take by weight each Chinese medicine material and carrier, be crushed to respectively 60-80 order left and right, mix and stir and get final product.
The preparation method of described Tilapia mossambica special compound feed specifically comprises the following steps:
1) by the raw material proportioning of mixed feed, take each raw material;
2) raw material except fish oil, soya-bean oil taking in step 1) is mixed, and be crushed to 40-60 order, obtain crushed mixture;
3) in step 2) crushed mixture in add step 1) to take fish oil and soya-bean oil, through mixer, fully mix;
4) mixed material step 3) being obtained is through vapor pelletization system 80-85 ℃ granulation, and particle diameter is 3.0-3.4mm;
5) pellet of step 4) being granulated is placed in cooler inner drying, and classifying screen is removed powder, and packing is up to the standards.
Tilapia mossambica special compound feed tool of the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
Utilize the Tilapia mossambica special compound feed of the present invention Tilapia mossambica of feeding, it can strengthen the anti-stress ability of Tilapia mossambica, improves the immunity of Tilapia mossambica, reduces the generation of the sick and streptococcal infection of nutritional fatty liver in Tilapia mossambica cultivation.
In mixed feed of the present invention, comprise Tilapia mossambica feed additive special, it is according to the problem existing in the growth characteristic of Tilapia mossambica and cultivation, easy ill disease, selected natural, the medicinal herb components of safety, follow the preparation principle of " monarch ", kind and the optimum amount of Chinese herbal medicine through repetition test and checking, have finally been determined, make wherein Synergistic between various traditional Chinese medicine ingredients, mutually promote, having reached that fabulous enhancing is anti-stress performance, growth promotion, improve immunity, the technique effect of pre-disease prevention, wherein the selected wind-weed has refrigeration function, to staphylococcus, typhoid bacillus and streptococcus have very strong inhibition ability, Chinese catalpa leaf, has another name called wooden king, water paulownia, has clearing heat and detoxicating and insecticidal action, and staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and aerobacteria are had to good inhibitory action, rheum officinale, has the effect of clearing heat-fire, promoting blood circulation, removing toxicity for detumescence, stomach strengthening and digestion promoting, and gram-positive bacteria and negative bacterium, pathogenic fungus are had to antibacterial action, the bark of official magnolia, all has good inhibitory action to staphylococcus aureus, Diplococcus pneumopniae, shigella dysenteriae and bacillus anthracis, wrinkled giant hyssop, has the effect of clearing damp relieving summer-heat, also has antimycotic and antispirochetic effect, the red sage root, has the effect of calming heart and tranquilizing mind, promoting blood circulation, and central nervous system is had to obvious sedation, also has certain antibiotic effect, the seed of Oriental arborvitae is the seed of arbor-vitae, has the effect of mental-tranquilization, acalypha copperleaf, also name Devil Frown, people amaranth, have clearing heat and detoxicating effect, is used for the diseases such as enteritis, bacillary dysentery, dermatitis, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, has tonifying spleen benefit stomach, strong physique and antibacterial effect, and the fruit of Chinese wolfberry has nourshing kidney moistening lung and lipotropic effect, the Radix Astragali has the effect that benefit is defended solid table and strong physique, and it can also strengthen the nospecific immunity of body.
Adopt Tilapia mossambica special compound feed of the present invention can improve significantly the economic benefit of Tilapia mossambica cultivation, it can significantly strengthen the anti-stress ability of Tilapia mossambica, improve the immunocompetence of Tilapia mossambica, the generation of nutritional fatty liver disease and streptococcosis in minimizing breeding process, Tilapia mossambica survival rate improves 16 ~ 20%, and can promote the growth of Tilapia mossambica, improve flesh quality.
The specific embodiment
embodiment 1: a kind of Tilapia mossambica special compound feed, by the raw material of following weight portion, made: 4 parts of fish meal, 16 parts of dregs of beans, 16 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 14 parts of cotton dregs, 12 parts of DDSG, 18 parts, flour, 10 parts of corns, 4 parts of zeolite powders, 2 parts, soya-bean oil, 2 parts, fish oil, 1 part of Tilapia mossambica feed additive special, the parts by weight sum of above-mentioned each raw material is 100 parts.Wherein said Tilapia mossambica feed additive special is mixed and makes after crushed by the raw material of following weight portion: 7 parts of the wind-weeds, 6 parts, Chinese catalpa leaf, 7 parts of the fruits of Chinese wolfberry, 6 parts of rheum officinales, 6 parts of the barks of official magnolia, 5 parts of wrinkled giant hyssops, 4 parts of the reds sage root, 4 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 2 parts of the seed of Oriental arborvitaes, 2 parts of acalypha copperleafs, 2 parts of the bighead atractylodes rhizomes, 10 parts of corn protein powders.The preparation method of described Tilapia mossambica feed additive special is: take by weight each Chinese medicine material and carrier, be crushed to respectively 60-80 order left and right, mix and stir and get final product.
The preparation method of described Tilapia mossambica special compound feed specifically comprises the following steps:
6) by the raw material proportioning of mixed feed, take each raw material;
7) raw material except fish oil, soya-bean oil taking in step 1) is mixed, and be crushed to 40-60 order, obtain crushed mixture;
8) in step 2) crushed mixture in add step 1) to take fish oil and soya-bean oil, through mixer, fully mix;
9) mixed material step 3) being obtained is through vapor pelletization system 80-85 ℃ granulation, and particle diameter is 3.0-3.4mm;
10) pellet of step 4) being granulated is placed in cooler inner drying, and classifying screen is removed powder, and packing is up to the standards.
embodiment 2:a Tilapia mossambica special compound feed, is made by the raw material of following weight portion: 5 parts of fish meal, 17 parts of dregs of beans, 18 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 12 parts of cotton dregs, 13 parts of DDSG, 15 parts, flour, 11 parts of corns, 5 parts of zeolite powders, 2 parts, soya-bean oil, 1.2 parts, fish oil, 0.8 part of Tilapia mossambica feed additive special, the parts by weight sum of above-mentioned each raw material is 100 parts.Wherein said Tilapia mossambica feed additive special is mixed and makes after crushed by the raw material of following weight portion: 7 parts of the wind-weeds, 6 parts, Chinese catalpa leaf, 7 parts of the fruits of Chinese wolfberry, 6 parts of rheum officinales, 6 parts of the barks of official magnolia, 5 parts of wrinkled giant hyssops, 4 parts of the reds sage root, 4 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 2 parts of the seed of Oriental arborvitaes, 2 parts of acalypha copperleafs, 2 parts of the bighead atractylodes rhizomes, 10 parts of corn protein powders.The preparation method of described Tilapia mossambica feed additive special is: take by weight each Chinese medicine material and carrier, be crushed to respectively 60-80 order left and right, mix and stir and get final product.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
embodiment 3:animal experiment
Tilapia mossambica cultivation base, Guangdong, choose essentially identical Tilapia mossambica 5000 tails of upgrowth situation, be divided at random five groups, adopt cage culture, each cage culture 200 tail, the common commercially available mixed feed of feeding, wherein adds different additive components in the mixed feed of each group, group 1 is control group, selects common commercially available Tilapia mossambica mixed feed; Group 2 ~ 3 is experimental group, the Tilapia mossambica special compound feed of the embodiment of the present invention of throwing something and feeding 1,2; Group 4,5 is contrast test group, and the mixed feed of the following comparative experimental example 1,2 of throwing something and feeding respectively, feeds 4 months, the growth during record, incidence and final survival rate.Concrete outcome is in Table 1:
table 1: Growth Op Tilapia information slip
c
A. contrast experiment's example 1: a kind of compound feed of tilapia, by the raw material of following weight portion, made: 5 parts of fish meal, 17 parts of dregs of beans, 18 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 12 parts of cotton dregs, 13 parts of DDSG, 15 parts, flour, 11 parts of corns, 5 parts of zeolite powders, 2 parts, soya-bean oil, 1.2 parts, fish oil, 0.8 part of Tilapia mossambica feed additive special, the parts by weight sum of above-mentioned each raw material is 100 parts.Wherein said Tilapia mossambica feed additive special is mixed and makes after crushed by the raw material of following weight portion: 3 parts of the wind-weeds, 2 parts, Chinese catalpa leaf, 8 parts of rheum officinales, 12 parts of the barks of official magnolia, 5 parts of wrinkled giant hyssops, 1 part of the Radix Astragali, 1 part of the seed of Oriental arborvitae, 4 parts of acalypha copperleafs, 21 parts of corn protein powders.Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
B. comparative experimental example 2: a kind of compound feed of tilapia, by the raw material of following weight portion, made: 5 parts of fish meal, 17 parts of dregs of beans, 18 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 12 parts of cotton dregs, 13 parts of DDSG, 15 parts, flour, 11 parts of corns, 5 parts of zeolite powders, 2 parts, soya-bean oil, 2 parts, fish oil, the parts by weight sum of above-mentioned each raw material is 100 parts
C. the throw something and feed amount of mixed feed of average every fish is identical, and average feeding volume is the fish tail number of feed total amount/survival of throwing something and feeding every day.
By above detoxification result of the test, shown, Tilapia mossambica special compound feed involved in the present invention can prevent Tilapia mossambica breeding process streptococcus intermedius to infect the generation of illness effectively, its dominant mechanism is to suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria in water, improve the resistance of fry to pathogenic bacteria simultaneously, and also find in the process of feeding, for the throw something and feed Tilapia mossambica special compound feed of the embodiment of the present invention 2 of the Tilapia mossambica at susceptible initial stage, it can play certain therapeutic action.And feed after Tilapia mossambica feed additive special of the present invention, the anti-stress ability of Tilapia mossambica and immunocompetence strengthen, and the tolerance of high temperature anoxic is made moderate progress, and have effectively reduced the generation of " turning over the pool " situation, have improved the survival rate of fry.And in the situation that other conditions are identical, the speed of growth tool of the fry that is added with mixed feed of the present invention fed has greatly improved, and individuality is obviously greater than contrast and contrast test group, and mouthfeel and quality have also obtained larger improvement.
In Fujian, large-scale cultivation field, Guangxi breeding process, Tilapia mossambica special compound feed of the present invention has also been obtained similar effect simultaneously, and the culture benefit in per hectare waters has improved 17% left and right.
Raw material of the present invention all can be bought from the market.Disclosed is above only specific embodiments of the invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the changes that any person skilled in the art can think of, within all should dropping on protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a Tilapia mossambica special compound feed, is characterized in that, by the raw material of following weight portion, is made: fish meal 3-8 part, dregs of beans 15-30 part, dish dregs of rice 15-30 part, cotton dregs 10-15 part, DDGS 10-15 part, flour 10-20 part, corn 10-12 part, zeolite powder 4-8 part, soya-bean oil 1-3 part, fish oil 1-2 part, 0.6 ~ 1.2 part of Tilapia mossambica feed additive special, the parts by weight sum of above-mentioned each raw material is 100 parts;
Wherein said Tilapia mossambica feed additive special is mixed and makes after crushed by the raw material of following weight portion: 7 parts of the wind-weeds, 6 parts, Chinese catalpa leaf, 7 parts of the fruits of Chinese wolfberry, 6 parts of rheum officinales, 6 parts of the barks of official magnolia, 5 parts of wrinkled giant hyssops, 4 parts of the reds sage root, 4 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 2 parts of the seed of Oriental arborvitaes, 2 parts of acalypha copperleafs, 2 parts of the bighead atractylodes rhizomes, 10 parts of corn protein powders; The preparation method of described Tilapia mossambica feed additive special is: take by weight each Chinese medicine material and carrier, be crushed to respectively 60-80 order, mix and stir and get final product;
The preparation method of described Tilapia mossambica special compound feed specifically comprises the following steps:
1) by the raw material proportioning of mixed feed, take each raw material;
2) raw material except fish oil, soya-bean oil taking in step 1) is mixed, and be crushed to 40-60 order, obtain crushed mixture;
3) in step 2) crushed mixture in add step 1) to take fish oil and soya-bean oil, through mixer, fully mix;
4) mixed material step 3) being obtained is through vapor pelletization system 80-85 ℃ granulation, and particle diameter is 3.0-3.4mm;
5) pellet of step 4) being granulated is placed in cooler inner drying, and classifying screen is removed powder, and packing is up to the standards.
2. Tilapia mossambica special compound feed according to claim 1, is made by the raw material of following weight portion: 5 parts of fish meal, 17 parts of dregs of beans, 18 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 12 parts of cotton dregs, 13 parts of DDGS, 15 parts, flour, 11 parts of corns, 5 parts of zeolite powders, 2 parts, soya-bean oil, 1.2 parts, fish oil, 0.8 part of Tilapia mossambica feed additive special, the parts by weight sum of above-mentioned each raw material is 100 parts.
3. a method of preparing the Tilapia mossambica special compound feed described in claim 1-2 any one, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) by the raw material proportioning of mixed feed, take each raw material;
2) raw material except fish oil, soya-bean oil taking in step 1) is mixed, and be crushed to 40-60 order, obtain crushed mixture;
3) in step 2) crushed mixture in add step 1) to take fish oil and soya-bean oil, through mixer, fully mix;
4) mixed material step 3) being obtained is through vapor pelletization system 80-85 ℃ granulation, and particle diameter is 3.0-3.4mm;
5) pellet of step 4) being granulated is placed in cooler inner drying, and classifying screen is removed powder, and packing is up to the standards.
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| CN103598444B (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2016-04-27 | 高雷 | A kind of tilapia feed |
| CN103750030A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-30 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Nutrient enrichment fodder for improving capability of juvenile tilapia resisting streptococcus agalactiae |
| CN104171493A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-12-03 | 谢松芬 | Tilapia feed |
| CN104366103A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-02-25 | 广西师范大学 | Overwintering feed for tilapia mossambica and preparation method thereof |
| CN104431628A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-03-25 | 张嘉强 | Mixed feed for red tilapias |
| CN105166491A (en) * | 2015-09-03 | 2015-12-23 | 哈尔滨泉兴科技有限公司 | Tilapia feed and preparation method therefor |
| CN105211534A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-01-06 | 广东恒兴饲料实业股份有限公司 | A kind ofly prevent mixed feed of Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis and preparation method thereof |
| CN105831500A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-08-10 | 固镇县益民养殖专业合作社 | Special feed for acipenser sinensis |
| CN106260772A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-04 | 广西正五海洋产业股份有限公司 | A kind of special feed formula improving tilapia body constitution |
| CN106260773A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-04 | 广西正五海洋产业股份有限公司 | A kind of feed formula of tilapia |
| CN110447790A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-11-15 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of feed fat combination |
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