A kind of sturgeon feed additive special
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fodder, relate generally to used for aquiculture feed addictive, particularly a kind of sturgeon cultivation feed additive special.
Background technology
Sturgeon is cartilage ganoid, its delicious meat, nutritious (being rich in docosapentaenoic acid and B family vitamin), be subject to numerous gourmets' favorable comment, it is the first-class delicious food in food, there is very high economic worth, the title that has " black gold ", at present external sturgeon fishery is one of industry that profit is the highest in the world.In recent years; development along with human society; setting up of rivers and lakes power station and building up of ship lock; serious impact the oneself of the sturgeon channel of looking for food; cause the endangered stage of rare special aquatic products such as sturgeon; on April 1st, 1998 rises, and the United Nations's Washington pact (CITIS) is regarded as endangered watching for animals by the wild sturgeon in the whole world.The domestic sturgeon of China is mainly distributed in the Changjiang river, Heilungkiang and tributary thereof, and have at present 2 sections 4 and belong to 11 kinds, in order to increase stock number, in protection, the measure that our country has also adopted enhancement releasing and propagated artificially.Sturgeon fast growth, wide temperature, wide salt, the strong adaptability to environment, has good cultivation characteristic.But because sturgeon hone lamella is hard, gill part is exposed, under artificial environment, carry out high-density breeding, mutually fray and be easily infected, disease also increases gradually, and the generation of sturgeon bacterial disease has become the bottleneck of sturgeon cultivation industry at present.The bacteriosis of sturgeon mainly contains bacterial septicemia and bacillary hemorrhage (swollen mouth is sick), bacillary enteritis, and cause of disease is mainly Aeromonas, has extremely strong infectiousness, and the ill sturgeon death rate is high, to production, has caused very large loss.When sturgeon disease prevention and cure, the antibiotic etc that adopt are prevented and treated more, but antibiotic etc is controlled easy polluted water, causes medicament residue phenomenon, and dose is excessive also can have a negative impact to the growth of sturgeon.In addition, the long-term use of most antibiotics medicine has also caused the generation of pathogenic bacteria drug resistance, has caused difficulty finally to the control of disease.
Therefore, the research of disease prevention and cure is task of top priority, this be guarantee that sturgeon cultivation continues, one of the key of stable development.Chinese medicine medical science belongs to the traditional medicine of China, strengthens the immunity function of aquatic livestock by the use of Chinese herbal medicine, and the incidence of disease that reduces aquatic livestock becomes study hotspot in recent years.Chinese herbal medicine is as medicine or the feed addictive of disease prevention and cure, is particularly useful for that current aquatic products industry is intensive, the needs of large-scale production, is convenient to carry out colony's control of high-density breeding sturgeon disease.Chinese herbal medicine have residual less, the pathogenic bacteria advantage such as be difficult for developing immunity to drugs, its effect not only has direct inhibition and killing action for pathogenic microorganisms itself, the more important thing is the object-immunity system of feeding is adjusted, improve immunity function and the anti-stress ability of feeding animals, medicinal herb components is made into feed addictive, for preventing and treating the sturgeon cultivation disease control criterion that easily disease of appearance meets the nuisanceless aquatic products industry of development completely, produces green aquatic product.In addition, in Chinese herbal medicine, the Chinese has multiple nutritional components and bioactivator, selects suitable herbal variety can also play the technique effect of the growth of promotion sturgeon and raising sturgeon quality.
Summary of the invention
For solving existing sturgeon, propagate the problem of middle existence artificially, the present invention aims to provide a kind of sturgeon and propagates feed additive special artificially, it selects multiple natural Chinese medicinal herb components compatibility to form, it can improve the immunity of sturgeon on the one hand, Common Diseases in control breeding process, can also promote to propagate artificially on the other hand the growth of sturgeon, improve the quality of sturgeon under high-density breeding condition; It also can avoid antibiotic abuse simultaneously, is conducive to the sound development of culture fishery.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention adopts following technological means:
A sturgeon feed additive special, is characterized in that, by the raw material of following weight portion, is made: phoenix-tail fern 3-5 part, Chinese lobelia 2-4 part, capsule of weeping forsythia 3-5 part, purple perilla 2-4 part, garlic 5-8 part, anise 4-7 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae 2-4 part, root of herbaceous peony 2-5 part, carrier 10-15 part.
Wherein said carrier is one or both the combination in corn protein powder, rice bran, wheat bran, medical stone, zeolite powder, is preferably zeolite powder and corn protein powder by the combination of 2:1.
Preferably, by the raw material of following weight portion, made: 4 parts of phoenix-tail ferns, 3 parts of Chinese lobelia, 4 parts of the capsules of weeping forsythia, 3 parts of purple perillas, 6 parts, garlic, 6 parts of anises, 3 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae, 4 parts of the root of herbaceous peonys, 13 parts, carrier.
All right, preferably, by the raw material of following weight portion, made: 5 parts of phoenix-tail ferns, 4 parts of Chinese lobelia, 5 parts of the capsules of weeping forsythia, 4 parts of purple perillas, 8 parts, garlic, 7 parts of anises, 4 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae, 5 parts of the root of herbaceous peonys, 10 parts, carrier.
The preparation method of sturgeon feed additive special of the present invention is: take by weight each raw material, first seven kinds of Chinese medicines such as taken phoenix-tail fern, Chinese lobelia, the capsule of weeping forsythia, purple perilla, garlic, anise, Radix Glycyrrhizae and the root of herbaceous peony mixed and be crushed to about 40-60 order, then pulverizing is obtained to herb powder and mix with taken carrier, after stirring, pack and get final product.
By sturgeon feed additive special of the present invention by the conventional sturgeon compound feed used for fish of being added into of 0.8 ~ 1.5wt%, can be for the raising of sturgeon, it can reduce the generation of disease in breeding process effectively, the particularly generation of bacterial septicemia, bacillary hemorrhage and bacillary enteritis, improve the survival rate of propagating sturgeon artificially, promote the growth of sturgeon.
Sturgeon feed additive special tool of the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
According to the growth characteristic of sturgeon, easy ill disease and the custom of searching for food, sturgeon feed additive special of the present invention has mainly been selected natural, safe medicinal herb components, follow the preparation principle of " monarch ", kind and the optimum amount of Chinese herbal medicine through repetition test and checking, have finally been determined, make wherein Synergistic between various traditional Chinese medicine ingredients, mutually promote, reached fabulous growth promotion, the technique effect of immune, the pre-disease prevention of raising.Selected phoenix-tail fern wherein, have another name called well head and connect grass, pheasant tail, herb, containing plurality of active ingredients such as flavonoids, sterols, has effect clearing heat and detoxicating, detumescence hemostasis, for the damage of sturgeon gill portion, there is good reparation effect, can effectively suppress the generation that gill portion infects; Chinese lobelia, containing alkaloid, flavonoids, saponins, has effect clearing heat and detoxicating, inducing diuresis for removing edema, inhibited for pathomycete and bacterium; The capsule of weeping forsythia, has effect clearing heat and detoxicating, mass dissipating and swelling eliminating, and Escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, Shigella, streptococcus and Aeromonas are had to good bacteriostasis; Purple perilla, has another name called red Soviet Union, and wherein contained purple perilla is with having very strong antisepsis, and its infusion has good inhibitory action to staphylococcus, shigella dysenteriae, Escherichia coli in vitro; Allicin in garlic is good bactericide, has very strong antibacterial action, and it is cured the disease extensively, share with phoenix-tail fern, the capsule of weeping forsythia, can effectively suppress the generation that Aeromonas infects; Anise, has another name called Chinese anise, for gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria, all has good bacteriostasis; Radix Glycyrrhizae, has the effect with middle emergency, removing toxic substances, can effectively improve the immunity of animal; The root of herbaceous peony has the astringe yin of nourishing blood and calm, antibacterial action, and it can improve the immunity of feeding animals effectively.Mutually collaborative between said herbal medicine, jointly promote, reached the technique effect that improves immunity, improving growth.In addition, in the present invention, selected traditional Chinese medicine ingredients anise, garlic and purple perilla is common seasoning Chinese herbal medicine, adds above-mentioned substance and can effectively improve the quality of sturgeon in feed, and its flesh of fish flavor substances is abundant, and local flavor is greatly improved.
Adopt sturgeon feed additive special of the present invention can improve significantly the economic benefit of propagating sturgeon artificially, it can significantly reduce the generation that sturgeon is propagated disease in process artificially, the particularly generation of bacterial septicemia, bacillary hemorrhage and bacillary enteritis, survival rate improves 12 ~ 15%, promote the growth of sturgeon, and can improve sturgeon quality.And cost of material used in the present invention is all lower, production and use cost are all relatively low, are conducive to cost-saving.
The specific embodiment
embodiment 1: a kind of sturgeon feed additive special, by the raw material of following weight portion, made: 4 parts of phoenix-tail ferns, 3 parts of Chinese lobelia, 4 parts of the capsules of weeping forsythia, 3 parts of purple perillas, 6 parts, garlic, 6 parts of anises, 3 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae, 4 parts of the root of herbaceous peonys, 13 parts, carrier.Its preparation method is: take by weight each raw material, first seven kinds of Chinese medicines such as taken phoenix-tail fern, Chinese lobelia, the capsule of weeping forsythia, purple perilla, garlic, anise, Radix Glycyrrhizae and the root of herbaceous peony mixed and be crushed to about 40-60 order, then pulverizing is obtained to herb powder and mix with taken carrier, after stirring, pack and get final product.
embodiment 2: a kind of sturgeon feed additive special, by the raw material of following weight portion, made: 5 parts of phoenix-tail ferns, 4 parts of Chinese lobelia, 5 parts of the capsules of weeping forsythia, 4 parts of purple perillas, 8 parts, garlic, 7 parts of anises, 4 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae, 5 parts of the root of herbaceous peonys, 10 parts, carrier.Its preparation method is: take by weight each raw material, first seven kinds of Chinese medicines such as taken phoenix-tail fern, Chinese lobelia, the capsule of weeping forsythia, purple perilla, garlic, anise, Radix Glycyrrhizae and the root of herbaceous peony mixed and be crushed to about 40-60 order, then pulverizing is obtained to herb powder and mix with taken carrier, after stirring, pack and get final product.
embodiment 3: animal-breeding test
In Hubei, sturgeon is propagated base artificially, chooses the mandarin sturgeon of 1000 tail artificial propagations and cultivation for raising object, is the same batch of same a collection of fry of putting in a suitable place to breed, is divided into 5 groups, and every group of 200 tails, adopt identical aquaculture model to manage.Wherein organize 1 for control group, in the production process of mixed feed, add 1.2% corn protein powder; Group 2-3 is experimental group, adds the sturgeon feed additive special of 1.2% embodiment 1,2 in the production process of mixed feed; Group 4-5 is contrast test group, adds the feed addictive of 1.2% comparative experimental example 1,2 in the production process of mixed feed, the average survival rate of record cultivation and the growing state in breeding process, and concrete outcome sees the following form 1:
table 1: sturgeon growing state record sheet
Group |
Additive |
Survival rate |
Growing state |
Group 1 |
Corn protein powder |
72.64% |
There is during this time scale bacterial infection disease disease, controlled after administration of antibiotics, cause more fry dead, final individual relative is minimum |
Group 2 |
Embodiment 1 |
84.24% |
Have no during this time scale and infect generation, rare fry is dead, and final individual relative is maximum |
Group 3 |
Embodiment 2 |
87.37% |
Have no during this time scale and infect generation, rare fry is dead, and final individual relative is larger |
Group 4 |
Comparative experimental example 1
a |
74.22% |
Occur during this time small-scale bacterial infection disease disease, cause part fry dead, the feed postoperative infection of using group 2 is controlled, disappear |
Group 5 |
Comparative experimental example 2
b |
79.82% |
There is during this time small-scale bacterial infection disease disease, cause part fry dead |
A. contrast experiment's example 1: a kind of feed addictive, by the composition of following parts by weight, made: 4 parts of the capsules of weeping forsythia, 3 parts of purple perillas, 6 parts, garlic, 6 parts of anises, 4 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae, 4 parts of the root of herbaceous peonys, 13 parts, carrier.Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
B. comparative experimental example 2: a kind of feed addictive, is grouped into by the one-tenth of following parts by weight: 1 part of phoenix-tail fern, 1 part of Chinese lobelia, 4 parts of the capsules of weeping forsythia, 3 parts of purple perillas, 1 part, garlic, 6 parts of anises, 4 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae, 1 part of the root of herbaceous peony, 13 parts, carrier.Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
By above detoxification result of the test, shown, sturgeon feed additive special involved in the present invention can prevent the generation of germ in sturgeon cultivation process, virus infections illness effectively, the particularly generation of bacterial septicemia, bacillary hemorrhage and bacillary enteritis, its dominant mechanism is to suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria in water, improve the resistance of sturgeon to pathogenic bacteria simultaneously, and also find in the process of feeding, for the sturgeon at susceptible initial stage, throw something and feed and be added with the mixed feed of sturgeon feed additive special of the present invention, it can play certain therapeutic action.And in the situation that other conditions are identical, the speed of growth tool of the sturgeon that is added with feed addictive of the present invention fed has greatly improved, individual average body aobvious contrast and the contrast test group of being greater than kept burning day and night.And feed after sturgeon feed additive special of the present invention, the immunocompetence of sturgeon increases, and has improved the survival rate of sturgeon.
Propagating artificially of the acipenser schrencki in Heilungkiang, test, also obtained identical effect.In large-scale cultivation field, the ground breeding process such as Chongqing, Jiangxi, sturgeon feed additive special of the present invention has also been obtained similar effect simultaneously, and the culture benefit in every mu of waters has improved 13.2% left and right.
Raw material of the present invention all can be bought from the market.Disclosed is above only specific embodiments of the invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the changes that any person skilled in the art can think of, within all should dropping on protection scope of the present invention.