CN103287420A - 用于制动系统的压力减震装置 - Google Patents

用于制动系统的压力减震装置 Download PDF

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CN103287420A
CN103287420A CN2013100559213A CN201310055921A CN103287420A CN 103287420 A CN103287420 A CN 103287420A CN 2013100559213 A CN2013100559213 A CN 2013100559213A CN 201310055921 A CN201310055921 A CN 201310055921A CN 103287420 A CN103287420 A CN 103287420A
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pressure
hydraulic
cushioning members
hydraulic pressure
master cylinder
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金容甲
金贤俊
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HL Mando Corp
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Mando Corp
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/40Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L51/00Expansion-compensation arrangements for pipe-lines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/40Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system
    • B60T8/4068Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system the additional fluid circuit comprising means for attenuating pressure pulsations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/48Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition connecting the brake actuator to an alternative or additional source of fluid pressure, e.g. traction control systems
    • B60T8/4809Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems
    • B60T8/4827Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems in hydraulic brake systems
    • B60T8/4863Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems in hydraulic brake systems closed systems
    • B60T8/4872Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems in hydraulic brake systems closed systems pump-back systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/04Devices damping pulsations or vibrations in fluids
    • F16L55/045Devices damping pulsations or vibrations in fluids specially adapted to prevent or minimise the effects of water hammer
    • F16L55/05Buffers therefor
    • F16L55/052Pneumatic reservoirs
    • F16L55/053Pneumatic reservoirs the gas in the reservoir being separated from the fluid in the pipe

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于制动系统的压力减震装置。所述压力减震装置被安装在具有液压块的制动系统,该液压块设置有控制从主缸的第一端口产生的液压和第一泵排放的液压到第一车轮的转移的第一液压回路,和控制从所述主缸的第二端口产生的液压和第二泵排放的液压到第二车轮的转移的第二液压回路,并且所述液压块包括将所述主缸与所述第一和第二泵的排放出口相连接并且形成在第一和第二主油路之间从而与所述第一和第二主油路导通的孔,和设置在孔中并且具有根据第一和第二泵的液压而改变体积的压力减震单元。

Description

用于制动系统的压力减震装置
技术领域
本发明的实施方式涉及用于制动系统的压力减震装置,其将压力脉冲降到最小从而增加在制动车辆时提供给轮缸的制动液压。
背景技术
近来,为了给装配有用来执行制动的制动系统的车辆提供更强和更稳定的制动力,提出了各种系统。制动系统的示例包括:在制动车辆时防止车轮滑动的防抱死制动系统(ABS);在突然启动或突然加速的过程中,防止驱动轮滑动的制动牵引力控制系统(BTCS);以及通过结合ABS和BTCS而控制制动液压来保持车辆处于平稳的驾驶状态的电子稳定控制(ESC)系统。
图1是例示了传统制动系统的视图。参照图1,制动系统包括:从驾驶员接收操作力的制动踏板10,使用由制动踏板10的作用力在真空压力和大气压力之间产生压力差而增强制动踏板10的作用力的制动加力器11,通过制动加力器11产生压力的主缸20,连接主缸20的第一端口21和两个轮缸30从而控制液压转移的第一液压回路40A,以及连接主缸20的第二端口22和其他两个轮缸30从而控制液压转移的第二液压回路40B。第一液压回路40A和第二液压回路40B在液压块40中以紧凑形式设置。
第一液压回路40A和第二液压回路40B中的每一个包括:控制转移到两个轮闸30的制动油压的电磁阀41和42,将油从轮闸30或主缸20吸入并且将油泵出的泵44,允许来自轮闸30的油临时储存在其中的低压蓄油器43,减小由泵44泵出的液压的压力脉冲的孔口46,以及引导来自主缸20的油使得所述油被吸入泵44的入口的辅助油路48a。
与轮闸30的上游和下游相连接的电磁阀41和42被分成设置在各个轮闸30的上游并且在正常时间保持打开的常开型电磁阀41和设置在各个轮闸30的下游并且在正常时间保持关闭的常闭型电磁阀42。电磁阀41和42的打开和关闭通过电子控制单元(ECU)(未显示)控制,该电子控制单元通过设置在各个车轮的轮速传感器检测车辆的速度,并且根据随着减压制动,常闭型电磁阀42打开并且来自轮闸30的油临时储存在低压蓄油器43中。
泵44由马达45驱动从而将储存在低压蓄油器43中的油吸入并且将油排放到孔口46从而将液压转移到轮闸30或主缸20。
而且,将主缸20和泵44的排放出口彼此连接的主油路47a设置有孔口46,并且用于控制TCS的常开型电磁阀47(在下文中称为TC阀)安装在主油路47a。TC阀47在正常时间保持打开,使得在通过制动踏板10的正常制动中,在主缸20中形成的制动液压通过主油路47a转移到轮缸30。
辅助油路48a设置有允许油只从安装在其中的泵44的入口流入的换向阀48,其中,辅助油路48a从主油路47a分出从而将来自主缸20的油引导到经由其油被吸入的泵44的入口。电动操作的换向阀48安装在辅助油路48a的中间,使得其在正常时间保持关闭并且在TCS模式下保持打开。
标号49表示安装在油路中适当位置的止回阀,并且标号50表示检测转移到TC阀47和换向阀48的制动压力的压力传感器。
在上述的制动系统中,根据马达45在制动中的操作,压力脉冲在泵44泵出的液压中产生。如果产生特别的改变,压力脉冲减小。压力脉冲的降低减小了传输到马达45的力矩,并且因此增加了马达45的旋转速度,由此提高了增压的速率。即,增加压力可以允许液压快速转移到轮闸30从而保证稳定的制动。
传统的制动系统在主油路47a中具有孔口46,来减小在从泵44排放的液压中产生的压力脉冲,但是因为只设置了孔口46来减小压力脉冲,不能保证压力脉冲的平稳衰减。
发明内容
因此,本发明的一个方面提供用于制动系统的压力减震装置,其可以减小由从泵排放的液压产生的压力脉冲,通过在泵的出口设置空气阻尼空间(air damping space)使得所述空间的体积根据压力而变化。
本发明的其他方面将从下述说明书被部分地提出并且部分从说明书中显而易见或通过实施本发明而得知。
根据本发明的一个方面,用于制动系统的压力减震装置被安装在具有液压块的制动系统,该液压块设置有控制由主缸的第一端口产生的液压和第一泵排放的液压转移到至少一个第一车轮的第一液压回路,和控制由所述主缸的第二端口产生的液压和第二泵排放的液压转移到至少一个第二车轮的第二液压回路;其中,所述液压块包括适合将所述主缸与所述第一和第二泵中的每一个的排放出口相连接并且形成在具有孔口的所述第一和第二主油路之间从而与所述第一和第二主油路中的每一个导通的孔,以及设置在所述孔中并且具有根据所述第一和第二泵排放的液压而改变体积的压力减震单元;其中,所述压力减震单元包括安装在所述孔的一端的至少两个减震构件,所述减震构件中的每一个设置有凹部,该凹部具有向着凹部中心开槽的相对侧;以及安装在所述孔的另一端从而密封所述孔的阻挡器构件;其中,所述减震构件是弹性变形的,并且在所述减震构件之间形成有空气阻尼空间(air damping space)使得所述空气阻尼空间(air damping space)的体积根据所述第一和第二泵排放的所述液压而改变,其中,在所述减震构件间插入用于支承所述弹性变形的减震构件的支承板。
所述支承板可以设置有与空气阻尼空间(air damping space)导通的通孔,该空气阻尼空间(air damping space)由所述减震构件的所述凹部形成。
所述阻挡器构件设置有将所述第二泵排放的液压连接到所述第二主油路和所述减震构件的油路。
附图说明
结合附图,通过以下实施方式的说明,本发明的这些和/或其他方面将变得明显并更易被理解。
图1是示出了传统制动系统的示意图;
图2是示出了根据本发明的示意性实施方式的设置有压力减震装置的制动系统的视图;以及
图3是示出了根据本发明的示意性实施方式的用于制动系统的压力减震装置的主要部分的截面图。
具体实施方式
现在将详细参考本发明的实施方式,在附图中例示了这些实施方式的示例,其中,贯穿全文,相同的标号表示相同的元件。在本说明书和随附权利要求书中所用的术语不应被理解为限制成一般的意思和词典定义,而是在允许发明人定义合适的术语来最好地说明的原则下,应被理解为是基于根据本发明的精神的意义和概念。在说明书中描述的和附图中示出的实施方式仅是示意性的并且不旨在表示本发明的所有方面,使得在不偏离本发明的精神的情况下,可以做出各种等价和修改。
图2是示出了根据本发明的示意性实施方式的设置有压力减震装置的制动系统的视图,以及图3是示出了用于制动系统的压力减震装置的主要部分的截面图。
参照图2和图3,制动系统包括:从驾驶员接收操作力的制动踏板10,使用由制动踏板10的作用力在真空压力和大气压力之间产生的压力差而增强制动踏板10的作用力的制动加力器11,通过制动加力器11产生压力的主缸20,连接主缸20的第一端口21和至少一个第一车轮FL和FR的轮缸30从而控制液压转移的第一液压回路40A,以及连接主缸20的第二端口22和至少一个第二车轮RL和RR的轮缸30从而控制液压转移的第二液压回路40B。第一液压回路40A和第二液压回路40B在液压块40中以紧凑形式设置。
第一液压回路40A和第二液压回路40B包括:控制转移到第一和第二车轮FL、FR、RL和RR的轮缸30的制动油压的多个电磁阀41、42、47和48,允许来自轮闸30的油临时存储在其中的一对低压蓄油器43,马达45,以及将来自低压蓄油器43或主缸20的油吸入并且用力泵油的第一和第二泵44,在其中安装有孔口46从而减小由两个泵44泵出的液压的压力脉冲并且将两个泵44的排放出口和主缸20连接的第一和第二主油路47a,引导来自主缸20的油使得所述油被吸入两个泵44的入口的辅助油路48a,防止油倒流的多个止回阀49,以及控制电磁阀41、42、47和48以及马达45的开动的电子控制单元(ECU)(未示出)。
与图1中所示的传统制动系统相同的标号表示具有相同功能的相同构件,并且因此省略了其详细描述。即,本发明例示的实施方式提供了压力减震装置100,其具有彼此连接来减小压力脉冲的两个泵44的出口。
根据本发明的例示实施方式,当在制动ESC模式下两个液压回路40A和40B中的压力同时增加时,压力减震装置100起到将压力脉冲减到最小的作用。更具体地,压力减震装置100设置有压力减震单元,该压力减震单元安装在形成在液压块40中的孔101处。孔101在第一和第二主油路47a之间形成,从而与主油路47a中的每一条是导通的。
压力减震单元设置有安装在孔101的一端的减震构件110,该一端即是孔101靠近第一液压回路40A的第一主油路47a的部分,以及安装在孔101的另一端的阻挡器构件120,该另一端即是孔101靠近第二液压回路40B的第二主油路47a的部分。
设置至少两个减震构件120。图2和图3示出安装了两个减震构件110,但是根据孔101的长度和使用者,可以增加减震构件110的数量。在下文中,将描述安装两个减震构件11的情况。减震构件的110中的每一个设置凹部112,凹部112具有向着凹部112的中心开槽的相对侧。即,减震构件110被形成为凹透镜形状。因此,预定的空间,即空气阻尼空间(air damping space)111,由减震构件110的凹部112限定。
用于减小由泵44的排放出口排放的液压产生的压力脉冲的空气阻尼空间(air damping space)111允许其体积根据压力而改变。因此,减震构件110是弹性变形的,从而允许在液压回路40A和40B之间产生的压力脉冲被空气阻尼空间(air damping space)111抵消。
阻挡器构件120起到密封孔101的作用。并且,阻挡器构件120设置有将泵44的排放出口连接到第二主油路47a的油路121和将从泵44排放的液压转移到第二主油路47a和减震构件110的减震构件110。也就是,从第二泵44排放的液压经由第二主油路47a流到孔口46,并且由液压产生的压力脉冲被减震构件110减小。
此外,在弹性变形而减小压力脉冲的两个减震构件110之间插入支承板130,从而将减震构件110的弯曲降到最小来确保减震构件110的稳定操作。支承板130设置有与由凹部112形成的空气阻尼空间(airdamping space)111导通的通孔131,从而抵消从两个减震构件110转移的压力脉冲。
与传统的不具有压力减震装置100的制动系统相比,配置有具有上述结构的压力减震装置100的制动系统可以有效地减小压力脉冲从而减小传输到马达45的力矩。因此,随着马达45的旋转速度加快,加快了增压的速率,并且因此在每一个车轮的轮缸30中的制动液压可以迅速增加,确保车辆的稳定性。
从上述说明显而易见,根据本发明的实施方式,用于制动系统的压力减震装置通过在泵的出口形成根据液压而改变体积的空气阻尼空间(air damping space),从而减小压力脉冲并由此快速增加轮缸的制动液压,可以确保车辆的稳定性。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的一些实施方式,本领域技术人员应理解地是,在不偏离本发明的原理和精神的情况下,可以对这些实施方式进行修改,本发明的范围由权利要求书和其等价物限定。

Claims (3)

1.一种用于制动系统的压力减震装置,所述压力减震装置被安装在具有液压块的制动系统,所述液压块设置有控制由主缸的第一端口产生的液压和第一泵排放的液压到至少一个第一车轮的转移的第一液压回路,和控制由所述主缸的第二端口产生的液压和第二泵排放的液压到至少一个第二车轮的转移的第二液压回路;
其中,所述液压块包括:适合将所述主缸与所述第一和第二泵中的每一个的排放出口相连接并且形成在具有孔口的所述第一和第二主油路之间从而与所述第一和第二主油路中的每一个导通的孔,以及设置在所述孔中并且具有根据所述第一和第二泵排放的液压而改变体积的压力减震单元,
其中,所述压力减震单元包括:
安装在所述孔的一端的至少两个减震构件,所述减震构件中的每一个设置有凹部,所述凹部具有向着凹部中心开槽的相对侧;以及
安装在所述孔的另一端从而密封所述孔的阻挡器构件,
其中,所述减震构件是弹性变形的,并且在所述减震构件之间形成有空气阻尼空间(air damping space),使得所述空气阻尼空间(airdamping space)的体积根据所述第一和第二泵排放的所述液压而改变;
其中,在所述减震构件间插入用于支承所述弹性变形的减震构件的支承板。
2.如权利要求1所述的压力减震装置,其中,所述支承板设置有与由所述减震构件的所述凹部形成的所述空气阻尼空间导通的通孔。
3.如权利要求1所述的压力减震装置,其中,所述阻挡器构件设置有将所述第二泵排放的所述液压连接到所述第二主油路和所述减震构件的油路。
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