CN103202251A - Odontobutisobscura temperature-control flowing-water hatching method - Google Patents
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- CN103202251A CN103202251A CN2013101184332A CN201310118433A CN103202251A CN 103202251 A CN103202251 A CN 103202251A CN 2013101184332 A CN2013101184332 A CN 2013101184332A CN 201310118433 A CN201310118433 A CN 201310118433A CN 103202251 A CN103202251 A CN 103202251A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses an odontobutisobscura temperature-control flowing-water hatching method, and belongs to the technical field of fish-egg hatching. The method includes: fertilized eggs of the odontobutisobscura are obtained by means of an artificial fertilization method or a natural spawning method, the fertilized eggs of the odontobutisobscura obtained by means of the artificial fertilization method are unsticked, and the fertilized eggs of the odontobutisobscura obtained by means of the natural spawning method are fertilized eggmass which are delivered naturally by the odontobutisobscura and directly detached from an attachment by using a tool; a small amount of the fertilized eggs of the odontobutisobscura are extracted to be observed under a microscope to have growth periods of the fertilized eggs determined, a still water-changed method or a flowing water aeration method are adopted to hatch early embryo of archenteron, an up-flowing-water hatch method is adopted to hatch late embryo of the archenteron till the fertilized eggs detached from the attachment to hatch odontobutisobscura larva fishes; the odontobutisobscura larva fishes are collected prior to water operation in a seedling box made of silk cloth; and the larva fishes are introduced to a larva fish breeding pond after bladders appear on the larva fishes and summer flower seedings of the odontobutisobscura are obtained. By the temperature-control and the water-hatching method, the technical problem of easy mildew rot of the fertilized eggs of the odontobutis is solved, time for hatching is shortened, and hatching rate of the fertilized eggs is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fish oosperm hatching technique field, be specifically related to a kind of Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg temperature control flowing water hatching m.
Background technology
Odontobutis obscura (Latin:
Odontobutis obscurus), belong to Perciformes, Eleotridae, Odontobutis.Be commonly called as: black straw bag, careless mother-in-law fish, handwoven cloth fish, sleeper, soil ability fish and native foolish bar etc.Mainly be distributed in the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River and wide geographic areas such as tributary, Qiantang River water system and Min River water system thereof in China.Though Odontobutis obscura is individual little, it has meat amount height, few thorn, the good to eat and nutritious characteristics of fine and tender taste of containing.Every hectogram Odontobutis obscura meat contains protein 18.39g, fatty 0.98g, calcium 0.42g and contains ferrophosphorus and vitamin etc.The amino acid of the needed by human that Odontobutis obscura meat is contained and delicate flavour amino acid all are higher than general fish, nourishing, beneficial muscles and bones and stomach are arranged and control effects such as hemorrhoid, the many tablewares of the pregnancy duration and puerpera have the good health care effect, thereby always by in the Changjiang river, downstream and southern all province masses are liked, are a kind of famous and precious economic fishs.
The Odontobutis obscura happiness moves in the bottom of stream and the many pasture and water of lake offshore, rubble, stone crack, broken crock and silt, a little less than the swimming power, is main food with shrimp and small fish.One age fish namely reach sexual maturity, be spawning season at the beginning of the late March to 6 month, ovum viscosity often adheres on clam shell, tile or the stone.Milter is kept nest and protects the ovum habit, hatches until prelarva.
In recent years, because the quick decay of wild fish resource, the Odontobutis obscura quantity of the catch falls sharply, thus the market price up to 50～60 yuan/kg(RMB), and the source of fish is nervous and can not satisfy people's demand.
As the industry's knowledge of the reason, it is objectively of no help with thing to utilize this regulating measure of lever of price that the Odontobutis obscura resource that reduces is day by day implemented relief, and a kind of makeshift of negative and positive coping style finally causes Odontobutis obscura to be curried favor with to exhaustion at last.Therefore, the artificial propagation Odontobutis obscura is only the plan of responding actively that present aquatic products industry is generally acknowledged and hope, because one can save the Odontobutis obscura resource of frequent minimizing; Two can satisfy the people's demand.
The technical information of artificial propagation Odontobutis obscura can be seen in the disclosed Chinese patent literature, typical " Odontobutis obscura artificial fecundation method and the hatching apparatus thereof " introduced as CN100396177C, the steps in sequence that this patented method comprises is: " parent fish rearing, induce synchronous spawning and insemination, artificial incubation and fry rearing ", specifically can walk to the 16th row referring to the Instructions Page 2 the 2nd of this patent.Should this patented technology scheme can embody Instructions Page 2 the 22nd and walk to the 3rd page of the 3rd capable described strong point.But objectively still there is following shortcoming: as described above, the ovum of Odontobutis obscura is viscosity, and often adhere on the carrier of clam shell, tile or stone and so on, and going rotten very easily appearring in stickum (mucus), thereby the fertilized egg of bringing disaster to fertilized egg and even bringing disaster to health on every side.Especially, when Odontobutis obscura is laid eggs on aforementioned bearer, can occur situation overlapping and even that pile up usually, thereby easier generation is mildew and rot, influences incubation rate.Therefore the alleged incubation rate of patent reaches 85% discussion leeway.
Known reason, incubation rate is the precondition of fry planting percent, that is to say, have only the raising incubation rate, the planting percent of fry is just secure, yet in disclosed patent and non-patent literature, there is no all technology enlightenments that the incubation rate that how to improve Odontobutis obscura is arranged, the applicant has carried out long-term exploration and trial for this reason, finds a way to resolve the problem, and technical scheme described below produces under this background.
Summary of the invention
Task of the present invention is to provide a kind of Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg temperature control flowing water hatching m, and this method can avoid fertilized egg to go rotten and use and significantly improve incubation rate and this method is easy and simple to handle and applicability is wide and can satisfy industrialization and culture requirement effectively.
Task of the present invention is finished like this, and a kind of Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg temperature control flowing water hatching m may further comprise the steps:
A) fertilized egg is obtained; Spermatozoa insemination method or natural spawning method obtain Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg, and the Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg that the spermatozoa insemination method obtains is carried out unsticking, and described natural spawning method obtains Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg and is to use instrument directly to take off by the Odontobutis obscura oosperm block under the Odontobutis obscura natural birth from attachment;
B) hatching, extracting a small amount of Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg examines under a microscope, to determine the puberty of fertilized egg, primitive gut is hatched the employing hydrostatic in earlier stage change water law hatching or the hatching of flowing water aeration, and the water temperature that the control primitive gut is hatched in earlier stage adopts the hatching of up flow type flowing water to the hatching of primitive gut later stage, and the water temperature of control primitive gut later stage hatching, hatch the Odontobutis obscura prelarva until the fertilized egg demoulding, the used container of described hatching is hatching pail;
C) collecting the Odontobutis obscura prelarva, is that the Odontobutis obscura prelarva is collected in the collection seedling case band water operation that 60 purpose silks are made with the order number;
D) the Odontobutis obscura prelarva is cultivated, and treats to be introduced into when fish glue point appears in prelarva and carries out fry rearing in the fry rearing pond, obtains Odontobutis obscura summer flower seed.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, steps A) process that the spermatozoa insemination method described in obtains Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg is: the male Odontobutis obscura that kills gonad maturity is got its spermary, and the spermary of getting is shredded in physiological saline and obtain The mature sperm, to squeeze the ovum method ovum of the female Odontobutis obscura of gonad maturity is extruded, obtain ripe ovum, sperm is mixed with ovum, obtain the artificial insemination ovum; The process that described natural spawning method obtains Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg is: Odontobutis obscura male and female parent population is put into same breed pond in proportion, by its pangamy and lay eggs on attachment.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, steps A) unsticking described in refers to that the described Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg introducing that earlier described spermatozoa insemination method is obtained fills in the container of unsticking liquid and gently stirs 3-5min, then use filtered through gauze, described instrument is pocket knife.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, described unsticking liquid is 20: 100 formations by the dry clay of pulverizing and sieving and water by weight.
The puberty of the definite fertilized egg in another specific embodiment of the present invention, step B) refer to determine fertilized egg be fertilized and finish fertilized egg cell's division, to have finished blastaea stage and embryonic development normal.
Also have in the specific embodiment step B of the present invention) described in the control primitive gut water temperature of hatching in earlier stage be that water temperature is controlled to be 20-21 ℃; The water temperature of described control primitive gut later stage hatching is that water temperature is controlled to be 27-28 ℃.
More of the present invention and in specific embodiment, step B) the up flow type flowing water hatching described in refers to the mode that incubation vessel adopts water inlet down to go up spilling water is hatched; It is that fertilized egg is put into container that described hydrostatic changes the water law hatching, and control water level 15-20cm changes water every day 2 times, morning 1 time, afternoon 1 time, and water temperature unanimity when changing water, quantity of exchanged water is 80%; The hatching of described flowing water aeration is that fertilized egg is put into 24 hours circulation flowing water of container, control water level 15-20cm, and keep the water body in the container being carried out blowing aeration in 24 hours, aeration quantity is as the criterion so that a small amount of minute bubbles to be arranged on the water surface.
In of the present invention and then specific embodiment, the mass percent concentration of described physiological saline is 0.7-0.8%.
Technical scheme provided by the invention has not only solved the technical problem that Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg is easily gone rotten, and can shorten the Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg hatching time, improves Odontobutis obscura hatchability of fertile eggs (more than 70%); Method has easy and simple to handle and not harsh and applicability extensively can satisfy industrialization and breed requirement in batches; Because the normal brooding time of the fertilized egg that the spermatozoa insemination method obtains is long, be prone to mycotic infection and go rotten, thereby the present invention controls the water temperature of forward and backward phase of primitive gut hatching, thereby can the mould fungus inhibition breeding and decompose bad ovum fast, avoids going rotten spreading and shortening brooding time.
Embodiment
For the auditor that the makes Patent Office especially public can understand technical spirit of the present invention better and use technical scheme of the present invention all sidedly; the applicant will be described in more detail in conjunction with embodiment given below; but embodiment is not the restriction to the present invention program; any make according to the present invention program only be form but not substantial variation then all should be considered as not breaking away from protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
A) fertilized egg is obtained; The natural spawning method obtains Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg, specifically being to use small blade directly pieces of an egg to be peeled off from the attachment takes off, the process that the natural spawning method obtains Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg is: with Odontobutis obscura male and female parent population in proportion (the male and female ratio is 2: 1) put into same breed pond, by its pangamy and lay eggs on attachment, attachment obtains Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg as placing clam shell, tile and the stone of culturing the pond etc.;
B) hatching, the Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg that takes a morsel places microscopically to observe, with puberty or the title development degree of determining fertilized egg, the puberty of definite fertilized egg of saying here refers to determine that fertilized egg has been fertilized and finishes fertilized egg cell's division, it is normal to have finished blastaea stage and embryonic development, in earlier stage hatch the employing hydrostatic for primitive gut and change water law hatching or the hatching of flowing water aeration, and the water temperature that the control primitive gut is hatched in earlier stage is 20 ℃, the mode that the hatching of primitive gut later stage adopts water inlet down to go up spilling water is hatched, and the water temperature of hatching is controlled to be 28 ℃ with the primitive gut later stage, hatch the Odontobutis obscura prelarva until the fertilized egg demoulding, the used container of aforementioned hatching is hatching pail, it is the container of fertilized egg being put into the foot washing basin shape that aforesaid hydrostatic changes the water law hatching, control water level depth 15-20 ㎝, change water every day twice, early last time and afternoon are once, water temperature unanimity when changing water, quantity of exchanged water is 80%, aforesaid flowing water aeration hatching is that fertilized egg is put into 24 hours circulation flowing water of foot washing basin shape container, control water level depth 15-20 ㎝, and keep the water body in the container of 24h to carry out blowing aeration, aeration quantity is advisable to occur a small amount of minute bubbles on the water surface;
C) collecting the Odontobutis obscura prelarva, is that the Odontobutis obscura prelarva is collected in the collection seedling case band water operation that 60 purpose silks are made with the order number;
D) the Odontobutis obscura prelarva is cultivated, treat to be introduced into when fish glue point appears in prelarva and carry out fry rearing in the fry rearing pond, obtain Odontobutis obscura summer flower seed, because fry rearing belongs to known technology, for example can be referring to application for a patent for invention publication No. CN101933477A, so the applicant repeats no more.
Embodiment 2:
A) fertilized egg is obtained; The spermatozoa insemination method obtains Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg, artificial insemination method is to select the male and female sexual gland parent population of maturation synchronously, earlier the belly of male parent population is cut open, take out spermary, spermary introduced fill in the beaker that mass percent concentration is 0.7% 5ml physiological saline (physiological saline of this 5ml is the consumption at a pair of spermary of the male parent population of a tail), the capacity of beaker is 100ml, and spermary is shredded (tearing up) with scissors and tweezers, again sperm being inserted microscopically watches, to confirm the vigor (active situation) of sperm, after confirming to obtain preferably sperm (motile sperm accounts for more than 70%), extract the full female Odontobutis obscura parent population of belly again, applying light raun belly is extruded the viscosity ovum to the aforesaid beaker that has filled sperm, and shake beaker while squeezing, make smart ovum combination, obtain fertilized egg and namely obtain test-tube fertilized egg, and to pour into this fertilized egg by dry clay and water be in the unsticking liquid that constitutes at 20: 100 by weight, use such as chicken, duck, the feather of the poultry of goose and so on stirred 3-5min(3-5 minute gently), then use filtered through gauze, receive and obtain unsticking fertilized egg;
B) hatching, fertilized egg examining under a microscope takes a morsel, to determine its development degree, primitive gut is suitably controlled 21 ℃ of water temperatures and is changed water law or the hatching of flowing water aeration with hydrostatic early stage, the primitive gut later stage heats gradually to 27 ℃, and carry out up flow type flowing water hatching, the density of fertilized egg is preferably 15/ml in the hatching pail, because fertilized egg is in suspended state in hatching pail, therefore the flowing water hatching is adopted the bottom water inlet and the top spilling water, gap uses 60 purpose window screening nets to stop, escape with water to avoid fertilized egg and squab prelarva seedling, in hatching process, the temperature of hatching is controlled like this: when fertilized egg beginning hatches, incubation temperature is controlled to be 21 ℃, and after 3 days development of fertilized ova to gastrula stage temperature is controlled to be 27 ℃, through 16d(16 days) after, prelarva seedling incubation of membrane, namely obtaining Odontobutis obscura prelarva seedling also is the Odontobutis obscura fry, incubation rate reaches 70%;
C) collecting the Odontobutis obscura prelarva, is that 60 purpose silks are made collection seedling case and put into Ji Miaochi with the order number, guarantees that water body is no less than 1/4 of casing in the collection seedling net cage, and the Odontobutis obscura prelarva that hatches is collected in the operation of band water;
D) Odontobutis obscura prelarva seedling is cultivated, and treats by step C) when fish glue point appears in the Odontobutis obscura prelarva seedling that obtains it is transferred in the fry rearing pond by in the prior art generally the fry rearing mode of use cultivate, obtain Odontobutis obscura summer flower seedling.The content that does not relate in the present embodiment such as hydrostatic change water law and the flowing water aeration is hatched with the description to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
Only with steps A) in the mass percent concentration of physiological saline change 0.8% into, the amount of physiological saline changes 8ml(at the consumption of a pair of spermary of the male parent population of a tail); To change 3min into the time that feather gently stirs; With step B) in hatching pail in the density of fertilized egg change 20/ml into, incubation temperature when fertilized egg beginning is hatched changes 20 ℃ into, and development of fertilized ova to the temperature of gastrula stage changes 28 ℃ into after 3 days, and brooding time changes 15d(15 days into), incubation rate is 71%.All the other are all with the description to embodiment 2.
Embodiment 4:
Only with steps A) fertilized egg obtains by the natural spawning method, be about to the male and female parent population in female: hero=2:1 ratio is put into same breed pond, allow its mate and oviposit of controlling oneself, check the attachment (freshwater mussel shell) of laying eggs every day, discovery has pieces of an egg in time to take out, and directly takes off from last pieces of an egg are peeled off of attachment (freshwater mussel shell) with small blade in the natural spawning method; Step B) fertilized egg the examining under a microscope that take a morsel, determine its developmental stage, primitive gut is suitably controlled 21 ℃ of water temperatures and is changed water law or the hatching of flowing water aeration with hydrostatic early stage, the primitive gut later stage heats gradually to 27 ℃, and carry out up flow type flowing water hatching, brooding time is 16d(16 days), incubation rate is 73%.All the other are all with the description to embodiment 1.
Claims (8)
1.
A kind of Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg temperature control flowing water hatching m is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
A) fertilized egg is obtained; Spermatozoa insemination method or natural spawning method obtain Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg, and the Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg that the spermatozoa insemination method obtains is carried out unsticking, and described natural spawning method obtains Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg and is to use instrument directly to take off by the Odontobutis obscura oosperm block under the Odontobutis obscura natural birth from attachment;
B) hatching, extracting a small amount of Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg examines under a microscope, to determine the puberty of fertilized egg, primitive gut is hatched the employing hydrostatic in earlier stage change water law hatching or the hatching of flowing water aeration, and the water temperature that the control primitive gut is hatched in earlier stage adopts the hatching of up flow type flowing water to the hatching of primitive gut later stage, and the water temperature of control primitive gut later stage hatching, hatch the Odontobutis obscura prelarva until the fertilized egg demoulding, the used container of described hatching is hatching pail;
C) collecting the Odontobutis obscura prelarva, is that the Odontobutis obscura prelarva is collected in the collection seedling case band water operation that 60 purpose silks are made with the order number;
D) the Odontobutis obscura prelarva is cultivated, and treats to be introduced into when fish glue point appears in prelarva and carries out fry rearing in the fry rearing pond, obtains Odontobutis obscura summer flower seed.
2.
Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg temperature control flowing water hatching m according to claim 1, it is characterized in that steps A) described in spermatozoa insemination method's process of obtaining Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg be: the male Odontobutis obscura that kills gonad maturity is got its spermary, and the spermary of getting is shredded in physiological saline and obtain The mature sperm, to squeeze the ovum method ovum of the female Odontobutis obscura of gonad maturity is extruded, obtain ripe ovum, sperm is mixed with ovum, obtain the artificial insemination ovum; The process that described natural spawning method obtains Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg is: Odontobutis obscura male and female parent population is put into same breed pond in proportion, by its pangamy and lay eggs on attachment.
3.
Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg temperature control flowing water hatching m according to claim 1, it is characterized in that steps A) described in unsticking refer to that the described Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg introducing that earlier described spermatozoa insemination method is obtained fills in the container of unsticking liquid and gently stir 3-5min, then use filtered through gauze, described instrument is pocket knife.
4.
Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg temperature control flowing water hatching m according to claim 3 is characterized in that described unsticking liquid is 20: 100 formations by the dry clay of pulverizing and sieving and water by weight.
5.
Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg temperature control flowing water hatching m according to claim 1 is characterized in that step B) described in puberty of definite fertilized egg refer to determine fertilized egg be fertilized and finish fertilized egg cell's division, to have finished blastaea stage and embryonic development normal.
6.
Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg temperature control flowing water hatching m according to claim 1 is characterized in that step B) described in the control primitive gut water temperature of hatching in earlier stage be that water temperature is controlled to be 20-21 ℃; The water temperature of described control primitive gut later stage hatching is that water temperature is controlled to be 27-28 ℃.
7.
Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg temperature control flowing water hatching m according to claim 1 is characterized in that step B) described in up flow type flowing water hatching refer to the mode that incubation vessel adopts water inlet down to go up spilling water is hatched; It is that fertilized egg is put into container that described hydrostatic changes the water law hatching, and control water level 15-20cm changes water every day 2 times, morning 1 time, afternoon 1 time, and water temperature unanimity when changing water, quantity of exchanged water is 80%; The hatching of described flowing water aeration is that fertilized egg is put into 24 hours circulation flowing water of container, control water level 15-20cm, and keep the water body in the container being carried out blowing aeration in 24 hours, aeration quantity is as the criterion so that a small amount of minute bubbles to be arranged on the water surface.
8.
Odontobutis obscura fertilized egg temperature control flowing water hatching m according to claim 1, the mass percent concentration that it is characterized in that described physiological saline is 0.7-0.8%
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| CN105230537A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2016-01-13 | 南宁学院 | Artificial insemination method for mystus guttatus |
| CN110419470A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-08 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of indoor industrially propagation method of mandarin fish |
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| CN110419470A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-08 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of indoor industrially propagation method of mandarin fish |
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Application publication date: 20130717 |