CN101530064A - Urechis unicinctus breeding and cultivating method - Google Patents
Urechis unicinctus breeding and cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101530064A CN101530064A CN200810086459A CN200810086459A CN101530064A CN 101530064 A CN101530064 A CN 101530064A CN 200810086459 A CN200810086459 A CN 200810086459A CN 200810086459 A CN200810086459 A CN 200810086459A CN 101530064 A CN101530064 A CN 101530064A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention pertains to the technical field of marine organism and relates to an urechis unicinctus breeding and cultivating method which is a technical method for cultivating high-yield and healthy urechis unicinctus seed and finished products under condition of production scale. The method solves key technologies in the breeding and cultivation of the urechis unicinctus such as temporary cultivation of parents, acquisition of fertilized eggs, juvenile cultivation, adherence treatment, bottom matter selection and the like and provides new species for the development of mariculture species, the development and utilization of mudflat and pond and species selection in restoration of the ecosystem.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the marine biotechnology field, is Urechis unicinctus breeding and cultivating method, is to cultivate the Urechis uniconctus seed of high yield stalwartness and a kind of technical method of finished product under the production scale condition.
Background technology:
Urechis uniconctus is commonly called as extra large intestines, is the common kind in the coastal hurst of northern China intertidal zone inferior segment and the subtidal zone benthic community.Be distributed in the yellow Bohai Sea bank of Russia, Japan, Korea and China.It is individual loose, and meat is tender delicious, and the body wall rich in proteins has very high economic worth, is the marine animal resource that a kind of utmost point has aquaculture to be worth.
Caused a lot of scholars' concern as the biological Urechis uniconctus of a kind of typical limit, and it has been studied.
Form, classification and fauna that Chinese scholar Chen Yi, Li Fenglu etc. described Urechis uniconctus distribute.Nineteen ninety-five Li Nuo (marine products institute of University Of Yantai, senior lecturer) etc. has delivered achievement in research " research history of life of Urechis uniconctus ".Yang Gui literary composition (biology department of Shandong Normal University in 1999, animal resistance biology major test chamber, Shandong Province) etc. reported " analysis of Urechis uniconctus nutrient component ", point out that Urechis uniconctus body wall protein content is up to 22.84%, exceed much than common seafood fish such as perch, cod, hairtails, trace elements such as Ca, Fe, Zn all have higher content simultaneously.People such as Li Nuo had reported Urechis uniconctus body wall amino acid composition and analysis on Content result in 2000, studies show that Urechis uniconctus body wall flesh contains 18 seed amino acids (its total amount account for body wall flesh dry weight 57.39%).Wherein, 8 kinds of essential amino acid content 17.79%.5 kinds of delicate flavour amino acid (Glu.Asp, Arg, Ala, Gly) content is all than higher.Essential amino acids content compositional model and human body need pattern comparatively approaching.The ratio of branched-chain amino acid and aromatic amino acid is 2.59, near normal person's ratio.These body walls that studies show that Urechis uniconctus are except that edible as seafood, and the utmost point promises to be and extracts the ocean active medicinal matter, becomes the raw material of making health products.
These researchs all rest on the aspect of basic science basically, can only play reference function to resource recovery, parent is supported temporarily in the invention solves the Urechis uniconctus artificial breeding and culturing, artificial insemination, larval culture, key technologies such as substrate selection are the exploitation of mariculture kind, and the option of species in development and use of beach pond and the restoration of the ecosystem provides new kind.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of separating method of large-scale production Urechis uniconctus.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of Urechis uniconctus cultural technique has the following steps:
A, select Urechis uniconctus parent Yi and bring up fertilizer temporarily.
Behind b, the Urechis uniconctus gonadal maturation, artificial insemination or insemination naturally obtain fertilized egg.
20～22 ℃ of pond water temperatures are cultivated in c, maintenance, cultivate fertilized egg to trochophore, body segment larva.
D, body segment larva later stage are thrown in adherance, further cultivate vermiform larva, young Yi.
After e, young Yi reach 8～10mm and isolate from adherance, throw in and culture.
F, breed Urechis uniconctus reach commercial specification to more than the 15cm, rise and catch.
Embodiment:
Concrete steps below by specific embodiment explanation the inventive method:
Embodiment one, and method is bred in Urechis uniconctus artificial insemination:
1, close Yi selects, supports temporarily, fattens
Parent Yi selects when 15～18 ℃ of sea area water temperatures at the beginning of late April to 6 month and carries out, and requires the physique stalwartness as close Yi, and body colour is normal, and the body wall not damaged is energetic, wriggling is normal.Support temporarily in cement pit and carry out, water temperature is kept 18～20 ℃, fattens according to the Urechis uniconctus gonad development situation unit cell algae of throwing something and feeding.Full dose is changed water 2 times every day between fattening period.
2, artificial insemination, incubating oosperm
(1) close Yi dissects, and the vertical dissection of close Yi will avoid cutting off kidney duct, isolates kidney duct then.
(2) adding clear water after smart ovum preparing solution, male and female kidney duct are put in the different vessels respectively and breaking the kidney duct stirring makes smart ovum flow out formation essence, ovum solution.Elder generation adds a small amount of sperm solution and stirs in ovum solution, the sampling microscopy determines to add the quantity of sperm solution the second time according to sperm quantity around the ovum, has 5～10 sperms to get final product around following 1 ovum of microscope high power lens.
(3) wash ovum, deployed smart ovum mixed solution is filled in the tun with 60 mesh sieve tulles, removes broken kidney duct.Inflation makes water boiling shape after filling it up with seawater in the container.Microscopy after 5 minutes after microscopy 80% above cell begins division, is stopped the supple of gas or steam and is left standstill, and discards upper strata 1/2 liquid after 10 minutes, adds the water mixing again, outwells upper strata 1/2 liquid after 10 minutes again, 3 times repeatedly, is advisable so that upper strata liquid is transparent.
(4) hatching is meant the cultivating process between hatching from the fertilized egg to the trochophore.Hatching is carried out in the hatchery.The hatching process continuous charge makes the water surface that slight fluctuations be arranged, and per hour stirs the pond once.Hatching density is no more than 10 ovum/ml.18～22 ℃ of control hatching water temperatures, salinity 28～32, pH8～9, DO is not less than 5mg/L.Water is not changed in moisturizing between the incubation period.
3, trochophore and body segment larvae cultivation
Trochophore and body segment larva are Urechis uniconctus swimming the life period in the history of life, to change water in the cultivating process, quantity of exchanged water is grown up along with larva and is increased, change water 1/2 trochophore early stage (hatching 1～5 day) every day, it is each 1/3 that the trochophore later stage (hatching 6～10 days) is changed water 2 times every day, and body segment larval stage (hatching 10～15 days) is changed water every day 2 times each 1/2.
The body segment larval stage later stage is thrown in adherance.Adherance is the following fine sands of 60 orders.Needing to eluriate operations such as removing mud in 1 hour through the screening of 60 eye mesh screens, 100ppm formaldehyde soaking disinfection 30 minutes, fresh water before adherance uses handles.
After larval growth goes out 12 body segments, collect larva with 300 order net cages and be distributed in the pond, the attached end after quantitatively, the thick adherance of 1cm, 20～500,000/m of cloth seedling density are laid in pond, the attached end
2
4, vermiform larva, young Yi cultivate
Begin Urechis uniconctus from the vermiform larva and just change the end life of dwelling over to, cultivating water temperature can change with natural temperature, but will take the intensification measure when being lower than 15 ℃, when being higher than 25 ℃, by sheltering from heat or light, change measure reduction temperature such as water.Salinity control range 25～34, but be lower than 28 or be higher than at 31 o'clock and will reduce quantity of exchanged water, suitably increase daily ration, feeding quantity.Larva is all abnormal for quantity of exchanged water behind the vermiform larva is increased to every day 2 times, and each 4/5.The vermiform larva is called young Yi after growing halfpipe kiss and 11 caudal setas, and this moment, approximately 5mm was long, and young Yi is long very strong to the adaptive capacity of environment during to the 1cm left and right sides, can go out the pond and culture, and this section period is the young Yi cultivation time.Quantity of exchanged water is no less than 2 times every day, is no less than 2/3 at every turn.
Children Yi goes out the pond when growing to 8～10mm.
Embodiment two, the Urechis uniconctus method of breeding of inseminating naturally:
Nature insemination method is different from spermatozoa insemination method's part and is that the acquisition of fertilized egg does not need to dissect close Yi.Behind close Yi gonadal maturation, close Yi concentrated be cooled to 5～8 ℃, after 2～3 hours close Yi is put into spawning pond, 18～20 ℃ of spawning pond water temperatures, the close Yi row of can laying eggs is smart about 5 minutes, the smart ovum insemination formation fertilized egg of meeting naturally in water.After fertilized egg density reaches 10 ovum/ml in the spawning pond, close Yi is moved on to his pond continue to lay eggs.Spawning pond water leaves standstill upper strata 1/3 Chi Shui that drains after 15 minutes, fills it up with Chi Shui and stirs after 2 minutes and leave standstill upper strata 1/3 Chi Shui that drains once more after 15 minutes, carries out larvae cultivation after so washing ovum 3 times.
Embodiment three, the pool cultivated method of Urechis uniconctus soil:
Culture the pond of Urechis uniconctus and select the silt substrate, have gentle incline to tilt to discharge outlet at the bottom of the pond, size is not limit so that manage and be advisable.Urechis uniconctus is cultured and should be supported 1～1.5cm children Yi.The children is after mid-May before mid-October the Yi time of putting in a suitable place to breed.Children Yi will be sprinkling upon young Yi in the pond when putting in a suitable place to breed uniformly, and initiatively locomotivity is poor for Urechis uniconctus, is sprinkled into where to sink naturally in the water with regard to the life of where getting into the cave on the spot, is easy to cause local density excessive so spread uneven words, and then influences its growth.The management of pond culture Urechis uniconctus is to change water, changing water frequency and quantity of exchanged water decides as the phytoplankton quantity of Urechis uniconctus bait according to pond condition and Chi Shuizhong, be advisable with 30～50cm with water transparence, also can apply fertilizer and cultivate the unit cell algae or throw something and feed unit cell algae and then minimizing quantity of exchanged water.When 3～5 ℃ of Urechis uniconctus come-ups of water temperature, in time it is evacuated in the pond.Deepen winter to survive the winter more than Chi Shui to 1.5 meter.Dailyly to note removing harmful animal, as fish and shrimp crab class.Urechis uniconctus length can rise to about the 15cm and catch listing.
Embodiment four, Urechis uniconctus mudflat aquaculture method:
The Urechis uniconctus mudflat aquaculture is a main purpose to reproduce natural resources.Culture beach and be required to be silt or husky mud substrate.It is 8～10cm that seed is thrown in specification.Aquaculture management is based on the resource nurse.Because Urechis uniconctus has the habit that come-up is drifted with the tide during 3～5 ℃ of water temperatures, need expanded scope when catching so rise.To catch simultaneously and stay for a short time greatly, mend throw new talent.
Claims (8)
1, Urechis unicinctus breeding and cultivating method is characterized in that having the following steps:
A, select Urechis uniconctus parent Yi and bring up fertilizer temporarily;
Behind b, the Urechis uniconctus gonadal maturation, artificial insemination or insemination naturally obtain fertilized egg;
20～22 ℃ of pond water temperatures are cultivated in c, maintenance, cultivate fertilized egg to trochophore, body segment larva;
D, Urechis uniconctus larvae development are thrown in adherance to body segment larva later stage, further cultivate vermiform larva, young Yi;
After e, young Yi reach 8～10mm and isolate from adherance, throw in and culture;
F, breed Urechis uniconctus reach commercial specification to 15cm, rise and catch.
2, according to the described Urechis unicinctus breeding and cultivating method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described a step is selected close Yi and is carried out when 15～18 ℃ of sea area water temperatures, brings up temporarily fertilely to carry out in cement pit, and water temperature is kept 18～20 ℃, the unit cell algae of throwing something and feeding, every day, full dose was changed water 2 times.
3, according to the described Urechis unicinctus breeding and cultivating method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the artificial insemination of described b step is that the vertical anatomical isolation of close Yi is gone out kidney duct, the male and female kidney duct is put into respectively and adds clear water in the different vessels, breaking the kidney duct stirring makes smart ovum flow out the formation essence, ovum solution, repeatedly in ovum solution, add sperm solution on a small quantity and stir and become smart ovum mixed liquor, observing 1 ovum with microscopically has 5～10 sperms to be as the criterion on every side, filter smart ovum mixed liquor in tun with 60 mesh sieve tulles, inflation makes water be the boiling shape after filling it up with seawater, after microscopy 80% above cell begins division, carry out larvae cultivation after washing ovum 3 times.
4, according to the described Urechis unicinctus breeding and cultivating method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the insemination naturally of described b step is close Yi to be concentrated be cooled to 5～8 ℃, after 2～3 hours close Yi is put into spawning pond, 18～20 ℃ of spawning pond water temperatures, after fertilized egg density reaches 10 ovum/ml in the spawning pond, close Yi is moved on to his pond continue to lay eggs, carry out larvae cultivation after washing ovum 3 times.
5, according to the described Urechis unicinctus breeding and cultivating method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the adherance of described d step is the following fine sands of 60 orders, needs to eluriate operations such as removing mud in 1 hour through the screening of 60 eye mesh screens, 100ppm formaldehyde soaking disinfection 30 minutes, fresh water before the use and handles.
6, according to the described Urechis unicinctus breeding and cultivating method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: it can be the pool cultivated and mudflat aquaculture of soil that described f step is cultured Urechis uniconctus.
7, according to the described Urechis unicinctus breeding and cultivating method of claim 6, it is characterized in that: native pool cultivated Urechis uniconctus, the pond requires the silt substrate, puts 1～1.5cm children Yi in a suitable place to breed.
8, according to the described Urechis unicinctus breeding and cultivating method of claim 6, it is characterized in that: mudflat aquaculture Urechis uniconctus, beach are required to be silt or husky mud substrate.It is 8～10cm that seed is thrown in specification.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103392651A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-11-20 | 青岛恒生源生态农业有限公司 | Industrialized breeding production aquaculture facility for sea worms |
| CN103553213A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-02-05 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for improving sulphur-rich bottom material of aquaculture pond by using urechis unicinctus |
| CN104663587A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-06-03 | 昌邑浩源养殖有限公司 | Breeding method for shortening float periods of urechis unicinctus larvae |
| CN104782543A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-07-22 | 烟台市水产研究所 | Indoor breeding device and method for urechis unicinctus |
| CN105483075A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-04-13 | 中国海洋大学 | Culture medium and method for culturing urechis unicinctus trochophore cell line |
| CN106614522A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-05-10 | 淮海工学院 | Urechis unicinctus sperm cryopreservation liquid and preparation method thereof |
| CN107439437A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2017-12-08 | 佛山市三水区嘉信农业技术研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of Urechis uniconctus cultural method |
| CN108112517A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-06-05 | 河北省海洋与水产科学研究院 | A kind of method of Urechis uniconctus artificial culture seed |
| CN110419472A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-11-08 | 江苏海洋大学 | A kind of Urechis uniconctus stereo ecological cultural method |
| CN112753627A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2021-05-07 | 大连市现代农业生产发展服务中心(大连市农业科学研究院) | Urechis unicinctus seedling cultivation method |
| CN112913724A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-08 | 中国农业大学烟台研究院 | Indoor high-density circulating water overwintering device and method for young urechis unicinctus |
| CN114342845A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-15 | 姬广磊 | Urechis unicinctus hatching method |
| CN114424803A (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2022-05-03 | 中国海洋大学三亚海洋研究院 | Inducer for attachment and metamorphosis of urechis unicinctus larvae as well as preparation method and application of inducer |
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2008
- 2008-03-15 CN CN200810086459A patent/CN101530064A/en active Pending
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103392651A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-11-20 | 青岛恒生源生态农业有限公司 | Industrialized breeding production aquaculture facility for sea worms |
| CN103553213A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-02-05 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for improving sulphur-rich bottom material of aquaculture pond by using urechis unicinctus |
| CN104663587A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-06-03 | 昌邑浩源养殖有限公司 | Breeding method for shortening float periods of urechis unicinctus larvae |
| CN104663587B (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2020-01-07 | 昌邑浩源养殖有限公司 | Breeding method for shortening float period of urechis unicinctus larvae |
| CN104782543A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-07-22 | 烟台市水产研究所 | Indoor breeding device and method for urechis unicinctus |
| CN105483075B (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2019-04-12 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of culture medium and method for cultivating Urechis uniconctus trochophore cell line |
| CN105483075A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-04-13 | 中国海洋大学 | Culture medium and method for culturing urechis unicinctus trochophore cell line |
| CN106614522A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-05-10 | 淮海工学院 | Urechis unicinctus sperm cryopreservation liquid and preparation method thereof |
| CN106614522B (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2020-10-16 | 淮海工学院 | Urechis unicinctus sperm cryopreservation liquid and preparation method thereof |
| CN107439437A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2017-12-08 | 佛山市三水区嘉信农业技术研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of Urechis uniconctus cultural method |
| CN108112517A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-06-05 | 河北省海洋与水产科学研究院 | A kind of method of Urechis uniconctus artificial culture seed |
| CN110419472A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-11-08 | 江苏海洋大学 | A kind of Urechis uniconctus stereo ecological cultural method |
| CN112753627A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2021-05-07 | 大连市现代农业生产发展服务中心(大连市农业科学研究院) | Urechis unicinctus seedling cultivation method |
| CN112913724A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-08 | 中国农业大学烟台研究院 | Indoor high-density circulating water overwintering device and method for young urechis unicinctus |
| CN114342845A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-15 | 姬广磊 | Urechis unicinctus hatching method |
| CN114424803A (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2022-05-03 | 中国海洋大学三亚海洋研究院 | Inducer for attachment and metamorphosis of urechis unicinctus larvae as well as preparation method and application of inducer |
| CN114424803B (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2023-11-10 | 中国海洋大学三亚海洋研究院 | Inducer for urechis unicinctus larva adhesion metamorphosis and preparation method and application thereof |
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