CN103190528A - Novel high-efficiency environment-friendly fish and shrimp polyculture feed - Google Patents
Novel high-efficiency environment-friendly fish and shrimp polyculture feed Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel high-efficiency environment-friendly fish and shrimp polyculture feed, and aims to provide a fish and shrimp polyculture feed which is easy to prepare and is balanced in nutrition. According to the technical scheme, the novel high-efficiency environment-friendly fish and shrimp polyculture feed comprises the following components: 7-24 percent of bean pulp, 3-8 percent of peanut pulp, 9-15 percent of cotton seed mill, 5-20 percent of rapeseed meal, 1-3.5 percent of cuttlefish paste, 12-17 percent of dried white vinasse, 6-8 percent of rice bran, 15-25 percent of flour, 0.5-1.5 percent of lecithin powder, 2-3 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 1.5-3 percent of bentonite, 0.03 percent of a mildew preventive, 0.03-0.05 percent of allicin, 0.2-0.3 percent of composite vitamin, 0.1 percent of choline chloride, 0.08 percent of potassium chloride, 0.02-0.05 percent of vitamin C, 0.1-0.3 percent of crystal lysine, 1-2 percent of beer yeast, 0.05-0.1 percent of shell element and 1-2 percent of composite mineral. The novel high-efficiency environment-friendly fish and shrimp polyculture feed belongs to the technical field of fish feeds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fishes and shrimps and raise together with feed, relate in particular to a kind of environmental protection shrimp and raise together with feed; Belong to the fish meal technical field.
Background technology
Penaeus Vannmei formal name used at school Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low (Litopenaeus vannamei) claims white shrimp again, is under the jurisdiction of Decapoda, Penaeidae, Penaeus, originates in waters, pacific rim, America, is the tropical shrimps.Penaeus Vannmei fast growth,, bait strong to adaptive capacity to environment require low, and dressing percentage height, meat flavour deliciousness were introduced China in 1988, began the coastal cultivating large area in the whole nation after 2000.Totally create economic benefit above 1,000 hundred million yuan in China to Penaeus Vannmei in 2011.Though China's shrimp culture industry has been obtained great advance, along with seawater pollution is on the rise, cultures the continuous increase of scale, the continuous increase of cultivation density, the generation of its disease is also more and more serious.The prawn incidence of disease was high in recent years, and disease time shifts to an earlier date year by year, and disease time is shorter and shorter at interval, cultured risk and increased the shrimp culture industry continued downturn year by year.In the prevention and control of current disease of prawn, problems such as Chinese herb prevention is in short supply because of medicinal herbs, drug effect is slow, cost height have limited its application aborning; Advantages such as curative effect is fast though chemicals antibiotic etc. has, action time is short, long-term use can cause drug resistance and problem such as residual.Therefore raisers use the wisdom of oneself, and Penaeus Vannmei and other aquatic livestocks such as upper strata fish, bottom shellfish are raised together with, and have improved the breed success rate.
At present the main and phytophagous of Penaeus Vannmei or heterophagous fish are raised together with, as Penaeus Vannmei and grass carp raise together with, Penaeus Vannmei and hito is raised together with, Penaeus Vannmei and Tilapia mossambica is raised together with, Penaeus Vannmei and filefish is raised together with, Penaeus Vannmei and grass carp and bighead and shellfish are raised together with isotype.But still have some problems to need solution badly during current fishes and shrimps are raised together with, as Penaeus Vannmei and which kind of fish raise together with appropriate mix, when raising together with Penaeus Vannmei and fish breeding density, raise together with the selection of feed and the mode etc. of throwing something and feeding.Penaeus Vannmei is higher to nutritional requirement, the phytophagous of generally raising together with or ominivore-fish to nutrition require low, the mixed feed there be limited evidence currently of that suitable fishes and shrimps are raised together with, the raiser is in order to reduce aquaculture cost, when raising together with, fishes and shrimps select low-grade fish material or duck material to throw something and feed, so both influence the output of raising together with fishes and shrimps in the pond, increased the dustiness of water environment and the possibility of disease outburst again.
Therefore, a kind of nutrient efficient of very necessary exploitation, environmental protection, be suitable for the exclusive fishes and shrimps that fish such as Penaeus Vannmei and grass carp, Tilapia mossambica, hito, filefish raise together with and raise together with feed, to promote the sustainable development of China's Penaeus Vannmei aquaculture and aquatic feeds industry.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide simple, the nutrient balance of a kind of preparation, can satisfy Penaeus Vannmei and phytophagous or omnivorousness and raise together with the fish growth needs, and can reduce Penaeus Vannmei outburst disease risks in the breeding process, reduce residual bait and excreta to raising together with the pollution of pond water body, improve the fishes and shrimps of pond economic benefit and raise together with feed.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme provided by the invention is such: these new and effective environmental protection fishes and shrimps are raised together with feed, comprise following component by mass percent: dregs of beans 7.0% ~ 24.0%, peanut meal 3.0% ~ 8.0%, the cotton benevolence dregs of rice 9% ~ 15.0%, the dish dregs of rice 5.0% ~ 20.0%, cuttlefish cream 1.0% ~ 3.5%, extra dry white wine vinasse 12.0% ~ 17.0%, wash rice bran 6.0% ~ 8.0%, flour 15.0% ~ 25.0%, phospholipid powder 0.5% ~ 1.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2.0% ~ 3.0%, bentonite 1.5% ~ 3.0%, mould inhibitor 0.03%, allicin 0.03% ~ 0.05%, B B-complex 0.2% ~ 0.3%, Choline Chloride 0.1%, potassium chloride 0.08%, vitamin C 0.02% ~ 0.05%, crystal lysine 0.1% ~ 0.3%, brewer's yeast 1.0% ~ 2.0%, shelling element 0.05% ~ 0.1%, composite mineral matter 1.0% ~ 2.0%, each component sum is 100%.
Above-mentioned new and effective environmental protection fishes and shrimps are raised together with feed, also comprise following component by mass percent: feather meal 0.01% ~ 1.0%, fish meal 0.01% ~ 1.0%, corn protein powder 0.01 ~ 5.0%, salt 0.01 ~ 0.03%.
Preferred, above-mentioned new and effective environmental protection fishes and shrimps are raised together with feed, are made up of following component by mass percent: feather meal 0.01% ~ 1.0%, dregs of beans 7.0% ~ 24.0%, peanut meal 3.0% ~ 8.0%, the cotton benevolence dregs of rice 9% ~ 15.0%, the dish dregs of rice 5.0% ~ 20.0%, fish meal 0.01% ~ 1.0%, cuttlefish cream 1.0% ~ 3.5%, extra dry white wine vinasse 12.0% ~ 17.0%, wash rice bran 6.0% ~ 8.0%, Strong flour 15.0% ~ 25.0%, corn protein powder 0 ~ 5.0%, phospholipid powder 0.5% ~ 1.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2.0% ~ 3.0%, salt 0.01% ~ 0.03%, bentonite 1.5% ~ 3.0%, mould inhibitor 0.03%, allicin 0.03% ~ 0.05%, B B-complex 0.2% ~ 0.3%, Choline Chloride 0.1%, potassium chloride 0.08%, vitamin C 0.02% ~ 0.05%, crystal lysine 0.1% ~ 0.3%, brewer's yeast 1.0% ~ 2.0%, shelling element 0.05% ~ 0.1%, composite mineral matter 1.0% ~ 2.0%.
Further, above-mentioned new and effective environmental protection fishes and shrimps are raised together with feed, and described mould inhibitor is mouldly must restrain Midew preventive for feed; Described composite mineral matter is the omnivorousness fish microelement pre-mix material of Guangdong Tong Wei feed corporation,Ltd; Described B B-complex is the omnivorousness fish vitamin premix of Guangdong Tong Wei feed corporation,Ltd.
Compare with existing formula technique, the present invention has the following advantages:
1. technical scheme provided by the invention is fit to multiple phytophagous or the raising together with of ominivore-fish and Penaeus Vannmei at the middle and upper levels, and it is good to have a survival rate height, fast growth, feed efficiency, and breeding water body water quality is difficult for the advantage of pollution.
2. feedstuff provided by the invention is formed simple, easily acquisition, and formulation cost is low, cultures the income height.
3. feed provided by the invention takes into full account the nutrition physiology characteristics of raising together with fish and Penaeus Vannmei and the distribution of ecological niche, strong assurance raise together with ingesting and nutritional need of fish and prawn.
Specific embodiments
Below with reference to the specific embodiment; claim of the present invention is described in further detail; but do not constitute any limitation of the invention, anyone in claim scope of the present invention, make the modification of limited number of time, still in claim protection domain of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Get feather meal 10 kg, dregs of beans 215 kg, peanut meal 70 kg, cotton dregs 130 kg, the dish dregs of rice 70 kg, fish meal 10 kg, cuttlefish cream 20 kg, vinasse 120 kg wash rice bran 60 kg, Strong flour 176 kg, corn protein powder 40 kg, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 25 kg, bentonite 15 kg, " mould must the gram " Midew preventive for feed 0.3 kg that Guilin City's ten thousand health bio tech ltds are produced, allicin 0.4 kg, the F21V omnivorousness fish that Tong Wei feed corporation,Ltd in Guangdong provides vitamin premix 2.5 kg, Choline Chloride 1 kg, salt 1kg, vitamin C 0.3 kg, lysine 3 kg, brewer's yeast 15 kg, plain 0.5 kg that shells, the F29M omnivorousness fish that Tong Wei feed corporation,Ltd in Guangdong provides is with microelement pre-mix material 15 kg.
The preparation method is:
1) above-mentioned raw materials is pulverized pulverized through micronizer again after weighing mixes, make each raw material 100% cross 150 μ m screen clothes.
2) then material is transferred to modem, the steam that feeds 90 ℃ is modulated 5 min, carries out extrusion then and granulate under 92 ℃.
3) with step 2) particle of preparation is in 80 ℃ of oven dry, then moves on to outer being coated with in the machine and then grease uniformly sprayed on the feed, and cooling packing is namely made feed of the present invention.
Example 2
Get feather meal 10 kg, dregs of beans 152 kg, peanut meal 60 kg, cotton dregs 90 kg, the dish dregs of rice 130 kg, fish meal 10 kg, cuttlefish cream 10 kg, vinasse 150 kg, wash rice bran 80 kg, Strong flour 174 kg, corn protein powder 40 kg, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 25 kg, bentonite 30 kg, " mould must the gram " Midew preventive for feed 0.5 kg that Guilin City's ten thousand health bio tech ltds are produced, allicin 0.5 kg, the F21V omnivorousness fish that Guangdong Tong Wei feed corporation,Ltd provides vitamin premix 2.5 kg, Choline Chloride 1 kg, salt 1 kg, brewer's yeast 10 kg, plain 0.5 kg that shells, the F29M omnivorousness fish that Tong Wei feed corporation,Ltd in Guangdong provides is with microelement pre-mix material 13 kg.
1) above-mentioned raw materials mixes by micronizer and pulverizes except grease, makes it all can cross 100 eye mesh screens.
2) then material is transferred to modem, the steam that feeds 88 ℃ is modulated 5 min, carries out extrusion then and granulate under 95 ℃ temperature.
3) with step 2) particle of preparation dries under 83 ℃ of conditions, then moves on to outer being coated with in the machine grease is uniformly sprayed on the feed, and cooling packing is namely made feed of the present invention.
Example 3
Dregs of beans 70 kg, peanut meal 35 kg, cotton dregs 125 kg, the dish dregs of rice 245 kg, cuttlefish cream 30 kg, distillers ' grains 164 kg, wash rice bran 60 kg, Strong flour 203kg, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 20 kg, bentonite 25 kg, " mould must the gram " Midew preventive for feed 0.3 kg that Guilin City's ten thousand health bio tech ltds are produced, allicin 0.5 kg, the F21V omnivorousness fish that Tong Wei feed corporation,Ltd in Guangdong provides vitamin premix 2.5 kg, Choline Chloride 1 kg, vitamin C 0.4 kg, lysine 2 kg, plain 0.5 kg shells, salt 0.8 kg, the F29M omnivorousness fish that Tong Wei feed corporation,Ltd in Guangdong provides microelement pre-mix material 15 kg.
1) above-mentioned raw materials mixes by micronizer and pulverizes except grease, makes it all can cross 100 eye mesh screens.
2) then material is transferred to modem, the steam that feeds 85 ℃ is modulated 7 min, carries out extrusion then and granulate under 90 ℃ temperature.
3) with step 2) particle of preparation is in drying under 80 ℃ of conditions, then moves on to outer being coated with in the machine grease is uniformly sprayed on the feed, and cooling packing is namely made feed of the present invention.
In technique scheme, the present invention is the main reference foundation with the nutrition digestion physilogical characteristics of Penaeus Vannmei, take into account the nutrition physiology characteristics of raising together with fish simultaneously, the raw material of selecting the animal digestion utilization rate and being of high nutritive value is as fish meal, dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, cotton dregs etc.When component design, fish and the different ecological position of Penaeus Vannmei in the pond and the characteristics of ingesting of raising together with have been taken into full account, make and raise together with fish and Penaeus Vannmei uncontested relation on feed, namely raise together with the fish feed of at first ingesting, the ingesting for Penaeus Vannmei of residual bait and ight soil.
The present invention is primarily aimed at raising together with of movable at the middle and upper levels phytophagous or ominivore-fish and the movable Penaeus Vannmei of bottom, in the design of feed formula, we have paid the utmost attention to amino acid balance, next is balanced fatty acid, appropriate supplement is filled with machine amino acid, to satisfy little nutritional need of raising together with kind, also improved the digestive utilization ratio of this feed simultaneously, reduce the discharging of nitrogen, phosphorus.In addition, added a certain amount of immunopotentiator among the present invention, immunity and the premunition that can significantly improve Penaeus Vannmei and raise together with fish reduce the generation of disease, improve and culture success rate.
Culture experiment:
Penaeus Vannmei and grass carp, bighead are raised together with
Choose two mouthfuls of adjacent areas and be 12 mu pond (smooth at the bottom of the pond, advance draining convenient), the depth of water 2.5 m, each pool is equipped with the paddle aerator of 3 3kW, is labeled as A, B respectively and cultures the pool.After A, the B pond desilting sterilization, water inlet training algae, water temperature stability begins experiment more than 18 ℃.Penaeus Vannmei 60,000 tail/mus are thrown on A, B two pools respectively, and specification is about 1 cm/ tail; Big grass carp 40 tail/mus, specification is about 2 jin/tail; Little grass carp 400 tail/mus, specification is about 5 liang/tail; Bighead (bullhead) 10 tail/mus, specification is about 2 jin/tail.
Wherein the whole process fishes and shrimps of the present invention of throwing something and feeding in the A pool are raised together with feed, and feeding volume is 4% of grass carp body weight.Earlier with the duck material grass carp of throwing something and feeding, feeding volume is 3% of grass carp body weight on the B pool, is 40% the shrimp material prawn of throwing something and feeding with thick protein then, and feeding volume decide according to the food situation of prawn, and when prawn reached 100 tails/jin, omnidistance use shrimp expected to throw something and feed, and does not expect the duck of throwing something and feeding.
The A pool is cultured and has been begun after 120 days to fish to grab shrimp, Penaeus Vannmei average yield per mu 365 kg, and average specification is 40 tails/kg; 5 liang little grass carp average yield per mu 218kg that put in a suitable place to breed, specification is 1.5 jin/tail, 2 jin of big grass carps putting in a suitable place to breed, average yield per mu 116kg, maximum specification reaches 7.6 jin/tail; Bighead average yield per mu 28kg, maximum specification reaches 8 jin/tail.6500 yuan of every mu of net profits.
The B pool is cultured and has been begun after 140 days to fish to grab shrimp, Penaeus Vannmei per mu yield 386kg, and average specification is 40 tail/mus; Put 5 liang little grass carp average yield per mu 176kg in a suitable place to breed, average specification is 1.4 jin/tail, puts 2 jin big grass carp average yield per mu 82kg in a suitable place to breed, 7 jin/tail of maximum specification; Bighead average yield per mu 23kg, 7.6 jin/tail of maximum specification.5490 yuan of every mu of net profits.
By above-mentioned pond culture experiment as can be seen, Penaeus Vannmei and grass carp, when bighead is raised together with omnidistancely use fishes and shrimps of the present invention to raise together with material not only to have shortened culturing time, and every mu benefit also surpasses the aquaculture model that throw something and feed duck material and shrimp are expected.This confirms that also new and effective environmental protection fishes and shrimps of the present invention raise together with feed and be fit to Penaeus Vannmei and phytophagous or ominivore-fish and raise together with, and satisfy the nutritional need of raising together with fishes and shrimps, can promote the growth of prawn, fish, improve efficiency of feed utilization, strengthen premunition and the immunity of prawn.
Claims (6)
1. new and effective environmental protection fishes and shrimps are raised together with feed, it is characterized in that, comprise following component by mass percent: dregs of beans 7.0% ~ 24.0%, peanut meal 3.0% ~ 8.0%, the cotton benevolence dregs of rice 9% ~ 15.0%, the dish dregs of rice 5.0% ~ 20.0%, cuttlefish cream 1.0% ~ 3.5%, extra dry white wine vinasse 12.0% ~ 17.0%, wash rice bran 6.0% ~ 8.0%, flour 15.0% ~ 25.0%, phospholipid powder 0.5% ~ 1.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2.0% ~ 3.0%, bentonite 1.5% ~ 3.0%, mould inhibitor 0.03%, allicin 0.03% ~ 0.05%, B B-complex 0.2% ~ 0.3%, Choline Chloride 0.1%, potassium chloride 0.08%, vitamin C 0.02% ~ 0.05%, crystal lysine 0.1% ~ 0.3%, brewer's yeast 1.0% ~ 2.0%, shelling element 0.05% ~ 0.1%, composite mineral matter 1.0% ~ 2.0%, each component sum is 100%.
2. new and effective environmental protection fishes and shrimps according to claim 1 are raised together with feed, it is characterized in that, also comprise following component by mass percent: feather meal 0.01% ~ 1.0%, fish meal 0.01% ~ 1.0%, corn protein powder 0.01 ~ 5.0%, salt 0.01 ~ 0.03%.
3. raise together with feed according to claim 1 or 2 arbitrary described new and effective environmental protection fishes and shrimps, it is characterized in that, formed by following component by mass percent: feather meal 0.01% ~ 1.0%, dregs of beans 7.0% ~ 24.0%, peanut meal 3.0% ~ 8.0%, the cotton benevolence dregs of rice 9% ~ 15.0%, the dish dregs of rice 5.0% ~ 20.0%, fish meal 0.01% ~ 1.0%, cuttlefish cream 1.0% ~ 3.5%, extra dry white wine vinasse 12.0% ~ 17.0%, wash rice bran 6.0% ~ 8.0%, Strong flour 15.0% ~ 25.0%, corn protein powder 0 ~ 5.0%, phospholipid powder 0.5% ~ 1.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2.0% ~ 3.0%, salt 0.01% ~ 0.03%, bentonite 1.5% ~ 3.0%, mould inhibitor 0.03%, allicin 0.03% ~ 0.05%, B B-complex 0.2% ~ 0.3%, Choline Chloride 0.1%, potassium chloride 0.08%, vitamin C 0.02% ~ 0.05%, crystal lysine 0.1% ~ 0.3%, brewer's yeast 1.0% ~ 2.0%, shelling element 0.05% ~ 0.1%, composite mineral matter 1.0% ~ 2.0%.
4. new and effective environmental protection fishes and shrimps according to claim 3 are raised together with feed, it is characterized in that, described mould inhibitor is mouldly must restrain Midew preventive for feed.
5. new and effective environmental protection fishes and shrimps according to claim 3 are raised together with feed, it is characterized in that, described composite mineral matter is the omnivorousness fish microelement pre-mix material of Guangdong Tong Wei feed corporation,Ltd.
6. new and effective environmental protection fishes and shrimps according to claim 3 are raised together with feed, it is characterized in that, described B B-complex is the omnivorousness fish vitamin premix of Guangdong Tong Wei feed corporation,Ltd.
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| CN104171584A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-12-03 | 句容市福源水产品养殖场 | Carp feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104273356A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2015-01-14 | 广东恒兴饲料实业股份有限公司 | Special polyculture compound feed for sparuslatus and penaeus vannamei boone and preparation method of special polyculture compound feed |
| CN104957416A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-10-07 | 盐城恒兴饲料有限公司 | Jiangsu coastal polycultured fish and shrimp compound feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104938856A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-09-30 | 通威股份有限公司 | Environment-friendly compound feed for reservoir ctenopharyngodon idellus |
| CN106387490A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2017-02-15 | 邓师雄 | Special production increasing feed for sinobdella sinensis |
| CN106260558A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2017-01-04 | 湛江国联饲料有限公司 | A kind of Fish-shrimp mix-culture mixed feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN106562101A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-04-19 | 青岛琅琊台集团股份有限公司 | South America white shrimp compound feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN111184131A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-05-22 | 黑龙江省宏望饲料有限责任公司 | Floating feed suitable for bighead carp and prawn polyculture and preparation method and application thereof |
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