CN103183568A - Organic selenium-rich fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic selenium-rich fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103183568A CN103183568A CN2013101384555A CN201310138455A CN103183568A CN 103183568 A CN103183568 A CN 103183568A CN 2013101384555 A CN2013101384555 A CN 2013101384555A CN 201310138455 A CN201310138455 A CN 201310138455A CN 103183568 A CN103183568 A CN 103183568A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of an organic selenium-rich fertilizer. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: (1) smashing and mixing an edible selenium-rich fungus cultivation waste with animal dungs, thereby obtaining a basic material, and fermenting the basic material by adding fermentation bacteria; (2) adding biological nitrogen, biological phosphorus, biological potassium, humic acid and trace elements into the fermenting material obtained by the step (1), mixing, smashing and screening the fermenting material, thereby obtaining a powder product; and optionally, carrying out the step (3) after the finishing of the step (2): granulating the powder product to obtain granule products. By selecting the component types and the component content of the raw materials of the organic selenium-rich fertilizer and optimizing the preparation process, the preparation method of the organic selenium-rich fertilizer is obtained. The preparation method is simple and convenient to operate, and low in cost and is environment-friendly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer and preparation method thereof, relate in particular to a kind of selenium-enriched organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Selenium is a kind of multi-functional life nutrient substance; can remove free radical, anti-oxidant, the powerful generation that suppresses peroxidation character; raise immunity (20-30 doubly), protection biological cell membrane, strengthen the prostate gland regulatory function, prevent blood clot, remove cholesterol; have the effect identical with Regular Insulin; can obviously promote ability and the blood circulation of cellular uptake sugar; prevent skin aging; it is carcinous to reduce luring of carcinogenic substance, removes the cancer cells of vivo mutations, the division that stops cancer cells and growth etc.
The famous nutritionist of China in if wood point out: be as the selenium that enriches the iodine, and epigraph " selenium-enriched food, the food of health, desirable food ".Along with development of science and technology, selenium more and more is familiar with by people, is called as " the special effect element of life ", " kindling material of life ", " life five elements ", " sight protectio god ", " anticancer king ", titles such as " the 21st seed amino acids ".
There are 22 provinces in China, and 72% territory is in the serious selenium area that lacks, and comprises ground such as northeast, North China, the southeast.Modern medicine proves, selenium is one of bioelement of needed by human, the value that not only has the treatment disease, also have the effect of anti-treating diseases and making health-care, the total content in human body is 1420 milligrams, is distributed widely in interior all histoorgans of body, the high person of concentration has liver, pancreas, the heart, spleen, tooth and nail, concentration is minimum in the fat, and the human homergy is played important regulatory role, and in October, 1988, Chinese Soclety of Nutrition classified selenium as one of 15 kinds of nutritive elements of needed by human.
China is in the selenium research leading level in the world, and the physician of China once obtained international analysis on trace blue ribbon prize " Schwarz " Grand Prix.Because be about two weeks the biological half-life of selenium, metabolism is fast in vivo, must constantly replenish, and be global problem so science is mended selenium, to mend inorganic selenium and be difficult for being absorbed by the body, and easily poison, it is high that medicine is mended the selenium price, and general crowd can not consume.Therefore, use selenium-enriched organic fertilizer by giving farm crop, fruit tree, vegetables etc., people are rich in the organoselenium agricultural-food by edible grain and gourd, fruit and vegetable etc. and are reached human body is carried out regular benefit selenium, are economical and practical approach.
Use selenium-enriched organic fertilizer, can impel the plant disease-resistant insect pest, robust plant, each agricultural products lovely luster, completely filled fruit, it is aromatic thick to distinguish the flavor of, and mouthfeel is improved, and reaches the purpose of replenishing organoselenium after eating, to improve people's health level.Facts have proved that the agricultural-food of using the selenium-enriched organic fertilizer output are output height, quality better not only, and organic selenium content exceeds tens times than common agricultural-food.So, using selenium-enriched organic fertilizer by giving all kinds of plants, people often eat and contain the organoselenium agricultural-food, have very important meaning for the health level that improves constantly people.
Therefore, this area has demand to develop a kind of selenium-enriched fertilizer, improves the organic selenium content of agricultural-food, reaches artificial purpose of replenishing organoselenium.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of selenium-enriched fertilizer and preparation method thereof.In the described selenium-enriched fertilizer, selenium exists with the form of organoselenium, by plant absorbing such as farm crop, fruit tree, vegetables, is absorbed by the people afterwards, efficiently solves the people to the demand of selenium.
One of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of selenium-enriched organic fertilizer, and described method comprises the steps:
(1) selenium-enriched edible mushroom is cultivated waste material and fowl and animal excrement through pulverizing, mixed obtaining base-material, in base-material, add zymophyte Qu Jinhang fermentation, obtain the fermentation material;
(2) add biological nitrogen, biological phosphorus, biological potassium, humic acid and trace element in the fermentation material that obtains to step (1), through mixing, pulverizing, screening, obtain the finely powdered product;
Alternatively, step (2) is carried out step (3) afterwards: the granulation of finely powdered product is obtained granular product.
Preferably, described selenium-enriched edible mushroom is cultivated in the waste material, and the content of organoselenium is 100-130ppm, as 105ppm, 112ppm, 117ppm, 122ppm, 126ppm, 128ppm, 129ppm etc.; Preferred selenium-enriched edible mushroom is cultivated in the waste material, and organoselenium accounts for more than 99% of total selenium content, and for example 99.1%, 99.4%, 99.6%, 99.8% etc.
Selenium-enriched edible mushroom of the present invention is cultivated waste material and is preferably the substratum of discarding after the cultivation selenium-enriched edible mushroom.
The source that typical but non-limiting described selenium-enriched edible mushroom is cultivated waste material can be CN102960184A provide be rich in the organoselenium edible fungus species and cultivate in the process of edible mushrooms, in order to cultivate the substratum of discarding after edible mushrooms and the bacterial classification, be rich in the substratum of discarding behind the organoselenium flat mushroom strain as embodiment 2 cultivations of CN102960184A, embodiment 3 cultivates and is rich in the substratum of discarding behind the organoselenium mushroom strain, embodiment 4 cultivates and is rich in the substratum of discarding behind the organic selenium ganoderma lucidum bacterial classification, embodiment 5 cultivates and is rich in the substratum of discarding behind the organoselenium flat mushroom, embodiment 6 cultivates and is rich in the substratum of discarding behind the organoselenium mushroom, embodiment 5 cultivates the combination of being rich in any a kind or at least 2 kinds in the substratum discarded behind the organic selenium ganoderma lucidum.
CN102960184A disclose a kind of with inorganic selenium through three different culture medium culturing, domestication, become and be easy to be gone out the method for various edible mushroomss and other related products again with the organoselenium strains for cultivation by animals and plants and the human organoselenium that absorbs.Described method mainly is to add Sodium Selenite in substratum, preparation by three-class strain makes inorganic selenium change into for the organoselenium in the bacterial classification, stopped the situation that artificial foliage spray inorganic selenium, external forced in the past improve the selenium constituent content, obtained that mycelial growth rate is fast, strong stress resistance, long-pending selenium ability are strong is rich in the organoselenium edible fungus species; Again with described bacterial classification nurture selenium constituent content height, quality height, output high be rich in the organoselenium edible mushrooms.
Selenium-enriched edible mushroom of the present invention is cultivated waste material can adopt the cultivation waste material of CN102960184A disclosed preparation selenium-enriched edible mushroom kind and edible mushrooms, has both solved the source problem of organoselenium, turns waste into wealth again, has also made contribution for environmental protection.
Fowl and animal excrement is important weighting material, fertilizer carrier in the present invention, is again the source of multiple biological organic matter.
The selenium-enriched edible mushroom that contains 20～30wt% in the base-material of the present invention is cultivated the fowl and animal excrement of waste material and 70～80wt%.The addition of selenium-enriched edible mushroom cultivation waste material is 22wt%, 25wt%, 27wt%, 29wt% etc. in the base-material; The addition of fowl and animal excrement is 72wt%, 75wt%, 77wt%, 79wt% etc.
Preferably, the addition of described zymophyte song is 0.3～0.5wt% of base-material, for example 0.3wt%, 0.35wt%, 0.40wt%, 0.45wt%, 0.49wt% etc.
Preferably, described zymophyte song comprises the combination of any a kind or at least 2 kinds in sporeformer, yeast or the milk-acid bacteria, the combination of any a kind or at least 2 kinds in preferred subtilis, bacillus natto, S. cervisiae or the milk-acid bacteria.
The zymophyte song plays the effect that the raw material with selenium-enriched organic fertilizer ferments.The combination of described zymophyte song has the combination of subtilis/bacillus natto, the combination of lactic acid/bacillus natto, the combination of subtilis/bacillus natto/milk-acid bacteria, the combination of subtilis/bacillus natto/milk-acid bacteria/S. cervisiae etc.
Preferably, moisture content is 55～65% in the described base-material, for example 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64% etc., be preferably 60%;
Base-material of the present invention by fermentation, moisture reduces gradually, when moisture content is 15～25%, for example 15.2%, 15.6%, 15.9%, 16.8%, 17.2%, 17.7%, 18.4%, 18.8%, 19.4%, 19.7%, 20%, 20.7%, 21.3%, 21.6%, 22%, 22.8%, 23.5%, 24.1%, 24.6%, 24.9% etc., be preferably at 18～22% o'clock, namely obtain the fermentation material.The present invention must could add biological nitrogen, biological phosphorus, biological potassium, humic acid and trace element again confirming that base-material moisture is after 15～25%.
Preferably, the time of the described fermentation of step (1) is 5～7 days, for example 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, and preferred 7 days; Described leavening temperature is preferred≤and 65 ℃, for example 60 ℃, 62 ℃, 64 ℃ etc.
Fermentation time is too short, material fermentation not exclusively, deodorization fully, worm's ovum index are defective.
Preferably, in the described fermenting process, carry out overturning once to fermented product every day; Carry out overturning once with overturning machine to fermented product preferred every day, or carry out artificial overturning once to fermented product every day.
In the present invention, the addition of biological nitrogen, biological phosphorus, biological potassium is respectively 3～4wt% of fermentation material quality, for example 3.1wt%, 3.2wt%, 3.3wt%, 3.4wt%, 3.5wt%, 3.6wt%, 3.7wt%, 3.8wt%, 3.9wt% etc., preferably 3.5wt%.
Preferably, described biological nitrogen is soybean nodulation bacteria culture fluid and/or vinelandii nutrient solution.
Preferably, described biological phosphorus is the phosphorus bacteria nutrient solution.
Preferably, the described biological potassium nutrient solution that is potassium bacterium.
Preferably, the addition of described humic acid is 15～25wt% of fermentation material quality, for example 15.2wt%, 15.4wt%, 15.7wt%, 15.9wt%, 16.5wt%, 16.9wt%, 17.5wt%, 17.9wt%, 18.5wt%, 18.9wt%, 19.5wt%, 19.9wt%, 20.3wt%, 20.6wt%, 21.3wt%, 21.6wt%, 22.3wt%, 22.6wt%, 23.3wt%, 23.6wt%, 24.3wt%, 24.6wt% etc.
Biological nitrogen of the present invention, phosphorus, potassium mean the nutrient solution of rihizobium japonicum, vinelandii, phosphorus bacteria and potassium bacterium, and culture condition the present invention of described bacterium is concrete the restriction not.
Preferably, the preparation method of described soybean nodulation bacteria culture fluid, vinelandii nutrient solution, phosphorus bacteria nutrient solution and potassium decomposing inoculum is: under the aerobic conditions, with the corresponding bacterium of culture medium inoculated, cultivated 5～8 days down at 25～28 ℃, can obtain the nutrient solution of corresponding bacterium.
Vinelandii of the present invention are selected from the brown vinelandii in garden or are called blown-ball Azotobacter (Azotobacter chroococum); Azotobacter vinelandii also claims Wei Nielande vinelandii (Azotobacter chroococum); De Shi Bai Yelinkeshi vinelandii (Beijerinckia derxii) and Klebsiella (Klebsiella spp.), intestinal bacilli belong to the combination of any a kind or at least 2 kinds in (Enterobacter spp.) and the Alcaligenes (Alcaligenes spp.).
Phosphorus bacteria is present in nature, mainly is the general name of the stronger bacterium of a class dissolving phosphoric acid compound ability in the soil.By the effect of phosphorus bacteria, can make in the soil and can not be transformed into the solubility phosphatization thing that can be utilized by the phosphide of plant utilization, so claim phosphorus bacteria fertilizer again.Phosphorus bacteria mainly plays a role by producing various enzymes or acids, makes bacterial fertilizer with it, and to multiple kinds of crops such as wheat, sweet potato, soybean, paddy rice, and fruit tree such as apple, peach has certain effect of increasing production.Bacterium commonly used on the agricultural has phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium (Bacillusmegatherium var.phosphaticum), be commonly called as to " big gemma " phosphorus bacteria, also have other genus bacillus and achromobacter (Achromobacter), pseudomonas (Pseudomonas) etc.
Potassium bacterium, be called potassium bacterium, silicate bacteria again, mainly refer to several special bacteriums such as colloid bacillus cereus, characteristics are the insoluble silicate mineral that can decompose in the soil, discharge elements such as wherein silicon, phosphorus, potassium, play the effect that increases fertility to soil, as bio-feritlizer, can use no or little chemical fertilizer on the agricultural, and because be the bacterium that lives, working lipe is long, sustainable phosphorus, the potassium element of providing.
Rihizobium japonicum is and the leguminous plants symbiosis that the nitrogen in formation root nodule and the fixed air is for a class rod-shaped bacterium of plant nutrition.
Various bacterium of the present invention all can be by commercially available.
Preferably, described trace element is the combination of any a kind or at least 2 kinds in calcium, iron, zinc, the boron trace element, and preferred described trace element contains four kinds of calcium, iron, zinc, boron.
Preferably, the excellent form with calcium carbonate and/or nitrocalcite of described calcium constituent adds; In calcium carbonate, the add-on of calcium constituent is the 3～4wt ‰ of fermentation material quality, preferred 3.5wt ‰.Described " in calcium carbonate " means, and the material that contains calcium constituent that adds is converted into the amount of corresponding calcium carbonate with the calcium constituent of equivalent, and for example, when adding 164g nitrocalcite, the amount that calcium adds is 1mol, and being converted into calcium carbonate is 100g.
Preferably, described ferro element preferably adds with the form that ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, three nitric acid, six urea close the combination of any a kind or 2 kinds in iron, xanthohumic acid diamines iron, NaFeEDTA chelated iron, NaFeEDDHA chelated iron and the NaFeDTPA chelated iron at least; In ferrous sulfate, the add-on of ferro element is the 3～4wt ‰ of fermentation material quality, preferred 3.5wt ‰.Described " in ferrous sulfate " means, and the material that contains ferro element that adds is converted into the amount of corresponding ferrous sulfate with the ferro element of equivalent.
Preferably, described zinc is preferably with zinc sulfate, zinc chloride, zinc oxide, zinc sulphide, zinc phosphate, zinc subcarbonate, zinc vitreum, xylogen zinc carbonate, zinc naphthenate emulsion and Na
2The form of the combination of any a kind or at least 2 kinds in the ZnEDTA chelating zinc adds; In zinc sulfate, the add-on of zinc element is the 3～4wt ‰ of fermentation material quality, preferred 3.5wt ‰.Described " in zinc sulfate " means, and the material that contains zinc element that adds is converted into the amount of corresponding zinc sulfate with the zinc element of equivalent.
Preferably, described boron preferably adds with the form of boric acid and/or borax; In borax, the add-on of boron is the 3～4wt ‰ of fermentation material quality, preferred 3.5wt ‰.Described " in borax " means, and the material that contains boron that adds is converted into the amount of corresponding borax with the boron of equivalent.Borax refers to sodium tetraborate decahydrate herein.
As optimal technical scheme, the preparation method of selenium-enriched organic fertilizer of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) fowl and animal excrement of the selenium-enriched edible mushroom of 20～30wt% being cultivated waste material and 70～80wt% is pulverized respectively, mixes obtaining base-material;
(2) add the zymophyte song that accounts for base-material quality 0.3～0.5wt% in the base-material that obtains to step (1), after mixing, ferment, keep leavening temperature≤65 ℃, carry out overturning once to fermented product every day; Fermenting obtains the fermentation material after 5～7 days, the moisture of fermentation material reduces to 15～25%;
(3) be 100wt% in the base-material quality, add 3.5wt% biological nitrogen, 3.5wt% biological phosphorus, the biological potassium of 3.5wt%, 15～25wt% humic acid and the calcium carbonate of 3.5wt ‰, the ferrous sulfate of 3.5wt ‰, the zinc sulfate of 3.5wt ‰, the borax trace element of 3.5wt ‰ in the fermentation material that obtains to step (1), through mixing, pulverizing, screening, obtain the finely powdered product;
Alternatively, step (3) is carried out step (4) afterwards: the granulation of finely powdered product is obtained granular product.
Fig. 1 is selenium-enriched organic fertilizer preparation method's of the present invention process flow sheet.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention can adopt selenium-enriched edible mushroom to cultivate waste material to be raw material, to belong to refuse reclamation, both regained organoselenium, be beneficial to environmental protection again;
(2) form of selenium with organoselenium is added in the fertilizer, the absorption by farm crop enters in the edible foods such as grain, vegetables, fruit, flowers, and then is eaten by the people, reaches artificial purpose of replenishing organoselenium;
(3) organic selenium fertilizer is applied on the plants such as fruit tree, field crop, vegetables, flowers, not only can promote the healthy and strong growth of plant, can also effectively resist disease and pest;
(4) the present invention is by to the selection of selenium-enriched organic fertilizer feed composition kind and content, and to the optimization of preparation method's technology, obtained a kind of preparation method of selenium-enriched organic fertilizer, and described method is easy and simple to handle, and is with low cost, environmental protection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is selenium-enriched organic fertilizer preparation method's of the present invention process flow sheet.
Embodiment
For ease of understanding the present invention, it is as follows that the present invention enumerates embodiment.Those skilled in the art should understand that described embodiment helps to understand the present invention, should not be considered as concrete restriction of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of selenium-enriched organic fertilizer comprises the steps:
(1) the 20kg selenium-enriched edible mushroom is cultivated waste material (embodiment 3 of CN102960184A cultivates and is rich in the substratum of discarding behind the organoselenium mushroom strain) and 80kg fowl and animal excrement and pulverized respectively, mix obtaining the 100kg base-material;
(2) add the mixture (blending ratio 3:1) of 0.3kg S. cervisiae and milk-acid bacteria in the 100kg base-material that obtains to step (1), after mixing, ferment, keep leavening temperature≤64 ℃, carry out overturning once to fermented product every day; Fermenting obtains the fermentation material after 5～7 days, the moisture of fermentation material reduces to 25%;
(3) add 3.5kg biological nitrogen, 3.5kg biological phosphorus, the biological potassium of 3.5kg, 15kg humic acid and the calcium carbonate of 0.35kg, the ferrous sulfate of 0.35kg, the zinc sulfate of 0.35kg, the borax trace element of 0.35kg in the fermentation material that obtains to step (1), through mixing, pulverizing, screening, obtain the finely powdered product;
Biological nitrogen is rihizobium japonicum after the nutrient agar inoculation, cultivates the nutrient solutions that obtained in 8 days down for 25～26 ℃;
Biological phosphorus is the phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium after the nutrient agar inoculation, cultivates the nutrient solutions that obtained in 8 days down for 25～26 ℃;
Biological potassium be potassium bacterium after the nutrient agar inoculation, cultivate the nutrient solutions that obtained in 8 days down for 25～26 ℃;
Alternatively, step (3) is carried out step (4) afterwards: the granulation of finely powdered product is obtained granular product.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of selenium-enriched organic fertilizer comprises the steps:
(1) the 30kg selenium-enriched edible mushroom is cultivated waste material (embodiment 2 of CN102960184A cultivates and is rich in the substratum of discarding behind the organoselenium flat mushroom strain) and 70kg fowl and animal excrement and pulverized respectively, mix obtaining the 100kg base-material;
(2) add 0.5kg zymophyte song in the 100kg base-material that obtains to step (1), after mixing, ferment, keep leavening temperature≤64 ℃, carry out overturning once to fermented product every day; Fermenting obtains the fermentation material after 5～7 days, the moisture of fermentation material reduces to 15%;
(3) add 3kg biological nitrogen, 3kg biological phosphorus, the biological potassium of 4kg, 25kg humic acid and the calcium carbonate of 0.3kg, the ferrous sulfate of 0.4kg, the zinc sulfate of 0.4kg, the borax trace element of 0.3kg in the fermentation material that obtains to step (1), through mixing, pulverizing, screening, obtain the finely powdered product;
Biological nitrogen is blown-ball Azotobacter after the nutrient agar inoculation, cultivates the nutrient solutions that obtained in 7 days down for 26～28 ℃;
Biological phosphorus is phosphorus bacteria after the nutrient agar inoculation, cultivates the nutrient solutions that obtained in 7 days down for 26～28 ℃;
Biological potassium be potassium bacterium after the nutrient agar inoculation, cultivate the nutrient solutions that obtained in 7 days down for 26～28 ℃;
Alternatively, step (3) is carried out step (4) afterwards: the granulation of finely powdered product is obtained granular product.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of selenium-enriched organic fertilizer comprises the steps:
(1) the 25kg selenium-enriched edible mushroom is cultivated waste material (embodiment 4 cultivations of CN102960184A are rich in substratum and embodiment 6 cultivations of discarding behind the organic selenium ganoderma lucidum bacterial classification and are rich in the substratum of discarding behind the organoselenium mushroom) and 75kg fowl and animal excrement and pulverized respectively, mix obtaining the 100kg base-material;
(2) add 0.4kg zymophyte song in the 100kg base-material that obtains to step (1), after mixing, ferment, keep leavening temperature≤64 ℃, carry out overturning once to fermented product every day; Fermenting obtains the fermentation material after 5-7 days, the moisture of fermentation material reduces to 25%;
(3) add 4kg biological nitrogen, 4kg biological phosphorus, the biological potassium of 3kg, 20kg humic acid and the calcium carbonate of 0.4kg, the ferrous sulfate of 0.3kg, the zinc sulfate of 0.3kg, the borax trace element of 0.4kg in the fermentation material that obtains to step (1), through mixing, pulverizing, screening, obtain the finely powdered product;
Biological nitrogen is vinelandii after the nutrient agar inoculation, cultivates the nutrient solutions that obtained in 5 days down for 25～28 ℃;
Biological phosphorus is phosphorus bacteria after the nutrient agar inoculation, cultivates the nutrient solutions that obtained in 5 days down for 25～28 ℃;
Biological potassium be potassium bacterium after the nutrient agar inoculation, cultivate the nutrient solutions that obtained in 5 days down for 25～28 ℃;
Alternatively, step (3) is carried out step (4) afterwards: the granulation of finely powdered product is obtained granular product.
Calcium carbonate among the embodiment 1～3 can add nitrocalcite by identical calcium contents; Ferrous sulfate can add the combination that ferric sulfate, three nitric acid, six urea close any a kind or at least 2 kinds in iron, xanthohumic acid diamines iron, NaFeEDTA chelated iron, NaFeEDDHA chelated iron and the NaFeDTPA chelated iron by identical iron level; Zinc sulfate can add zinc chloride, zinc oxide, zinc sulphide, zinc phosphate, zinc subcarbonate, zinc vitreum, xylogen zinc carbonate, zinc naphthenate emulsion and Na by identical zinc content
2The combination of any a kind or at least 2 kinds in the ZnEDTA chelating zinc; Borax can add boric acid by identical boron content.
Performance test:
The selenium-enriched organic fertilizer that the present invention prepares is brown or grey is granular or meal, does not have mechanical impurity, ordorless; Total nutrient (nitrogen+Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES+potassium oxide) content (in butt) 〉=5%; Potential of hydrogen PH5.5-8.0; Induced worm egg death rate 95-100%; Colititre 10
-1～10
-2Moisture (free-water) content≤20%; Organic content (in butt) 〉=45%; Total arsenic≤30mg/kg; Total cadmium≤30mg/kg; Total lead≤100mg/kg; Total mercury≤5mg/kg; Total chromium≤300mg/kg.
Applicant's statement, the present invention illustrates detailed process equipment of the present invention and technical process by above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned detailed process equipment and technical process, does not mean that namely the present invention must rely on above-mentioned detailed process equipment and technical process could be implemented.The person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, any improvement in the present invention to the interpolation of the equivalence replacement of each raw material of product of the present invention and ancillary component, the selection of concrete mode etc., all drops within protection scope of the present invention and the open scope.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of a selenium-enriched organic fertilizer is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:
(1) selenium-enriched edible mushroom is cultivated waste material and fowl and animal excrement through pulverizing, mixed obtaining base-material, in base-material, add zymophyte Qu Jinhang fermentation, obtain the fermentation material;
(2) add biological nitrogen, biological phosphorus, biological potassium, humic acid and trace element in the fermentation material that obtains to step (1), through mixing, pulverizing, screening, obtain the finely powdered product;
Alternatively, step (2) is carried out step (3) afterwards: the granulation of finely powdered product is obtained granular product.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described selenium-enriched edible mushroom is cultivated in the waste material, and the content of organoselenium is 100-130ppm; Preferred selenium-enriched edible mushroom is cultivated in the waste material, and organoselenium accounts for more than 99% of total selenium content;
Preferably, described selenium-enriched edible mushroom is cultivated waste material for cultivating the substratum of discarding after the selenium-enriched edible mushroom.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the selenium-enriched edible mushroom that contains 20～30wt% in the described base-material is cultivated the fowl and animal excrement of waste material and 70～80wt%;
Preferably, the addition of described zymophyte song is 0.3～0.5wt% of base-material; Described zymophyte song comprises the combination of any a kind or at least 2 kinds in sporeformer, yeast or the milk-acid bacteria, the combination of any a kind or at least 2 kinds in preferred subtilis, bacillus natto, S. cervisiae or the milk-acid bacteria;
Preferably, moisture content is 55～65% in the described base-material, is preferably 60%;
Preferably, moisture content is 15～25% in the described fermentation material, is preferably 18～22%.
4. as the described method of one of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that the time of the described fermentation of step (1) is 5～7 days, preferred 7 days; Described leavening temperature is preferred≤and 65 ℃;
Preferably, in the described fermenting process, carry out overturning once to fermented product every day; Carry out overturning once with overturning machine to fermented product preferred every day, or carry out artificial overturning once to fermented product every day.
5. as the described method of one of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that the addition of described biological nitrogen, biological phosphorus, biological potassium is respectively 3～4wt% of fermentation material quality, preferred 3.5wt%;
Preferably, described biological nitrogen is soybean nodulation bacteria culture fluid and/or vinelandii nutrient solution;
Preferably, described biological phosphorus is the phosphorus bacteria nutrient solution;
Preferably, the described biological potassium nutrient solution that is potassium bacterium.
Preferably, the addition of described humic acid is 15～25wt% of fermentation material quality.
6. as the described method of one of claim 1～5, it is characterized in that the preparation method of described rihizobium japonicum, vinelandii, phosphorus bacteria and potassium bacterium is: under the aerobic conditions, cultivated 5～8 days for 25～28 ℃.
7. as the described method of one of claim 1～6, it is characterized in that described trace element is the combination of any a kind or at least 2 kinds in calcium, iron, zinc, the boron trace element, preferred described trace element contains four kinds of calcium, iron, zinc, boron;
Preferably, the excellent form with calcium carbonate and/or nitrocalcite of described calcium constituent adds; In calcium carbonate, the add-on of calcium constituent is the 3～4wt ‰ of fermentation material quality, preferred 3.5wt ‰;
Preferably, described ferro element preferably adds with the form that ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, three nitric acid, six urea close the combination of any a kind or 2 kinds in iron, xanthohumic acid diamines iron, NaFeEDTA chelated iron, NaFeEDDHA chelated iron and the NaFeDTPA chelated iron at least; In ferrous sulfate, the add-on of ferro element is the 3～4wt ‰ of fermentation material quality, preferred 3.5wt ‰;
Preferably, described zinc is preferably with zinc sulfate, zinc chloride, zinc oxide, zinc sulphide, zinc phosphate, zinc subcarbonate, zinc vitreum, xylogen zinc carbonate, zinc naphthenate emulsion and Na
2The form of the combination of any a kind or at least 2 kinds in the ZnEDTA chelating zinc adds; In zinc sulfate, the add-on of zinc element is the 3～4wt ‰ of fermentation material quality, preferred 3.5wt ‰;
Preferably, described boron preferably adds with the form of boric acid and/or borax; In borax, the add-on of boron is the 3～4wt ‰ of fermentation material quality, preferred 3.5wt ‰.
8. as the described method of one of claim 1～7, it is characterized in that described method comprises the steps:
(1) fowl and animal excrement of the selenium-enriched edible mushroom of 20～30wt% being cultivated waste material and 70～80wt% is pulverized respectively, mixes obtaining base-material;
(2) add the zymophyte song that accounts for base-material quality 0.3～0.5wt% in the base-material that obtains to step (1), after mixing, ferment, keep leavening temperature≤65 ℃, carry out overturning once to fermented product every day; Fermenting obtains the fermentation material after 5～7 days, the moisture of fermentation material reduces to 15～25%;
(3) be 100wt% in the base-material quality, add 3.5wt% biological nitrogen, 3.5wt% biological phosphorus, the biological potassium of 3.5wt%, 15～25wt% humic acid and the calcium carbonate of 3.5wt ‰, the ferrous sulfate of 3.5wt ‰, the zinc sulfate of 3.5wt ‰, the borax trace element of 3.5wt ‰ in the fermentation material that obtains to step (1), through mixing, pulverizing, screening, obtain the finely powdered product;
Alternatively, step (2) is carried out step (3) afterwards: the granulation of finely powdered product is obtained granular product.
9. a selenium-enriched fertilizer is characterized in that, described fertilizer is prepared by the described method of one of claim 1～8.
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