CN103168750A - Method of reducing amount of plutella xylostella through propagation and field release of cotesia plutellae - Google Patents
Method of reducing amount of plutella xylostella through propagation and field release of cotesia plutellae Download PDFInfo
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- CN103168750A CN103168750A CN201310103032XA CN201310103032A CN103168750A CN 103168750 A CN103168750 A CN 103168750A CN 201310103032X A CN201310103032X A CN 201310103032XA CN 201310103032 A CN201310103032 A CN 201310103032A CN 103168750 A CN103168750 A CN 103168750A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method of reducing amount of plutella xylostella by using cotesia plutellae. The method of reducing the amount of the plutella xylostella by using the cotesia plutellae plays a part in extinction of the plutella xylostella through eclosion, parasitism and field release of the cotesia plutellae. The method of reducing the amount of the plutella xylostella by using the cotesia plutellae has the advantages of being ecologically environment-friendly, avoiding damage of agriculture to the environment, being efficient and economical in extinction effect to the plutella xylostella, and being applicable to large-scale utilization in the agriculture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of braconid wasp and expand method numerous and that the field discharges, be specifically related to a kind ofly breed Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae take diamondback moth larvae as the host and it is discharged into the method that diamond-back moth is subdued in the field.
Background technology
Diamond-back moth: Lepidoptera diamond-back moth section, English name: Diamondback moth; Formal name used at school: Plutella xylostella (L.); Another name: little blue or green worm, pointed at both ends.The worldwide insect that migrates, the crucifers such as the wild cabbage of mainly causing harm, purple wild cabbage, broccoli, a kind of sedge dish, leaf mustard, cauliflower, Chinese cabbage, rape, radish.Characteristics cause harm: low instar larvae only takes food mesophyll, stays epidermis, forms transparent spot on the dish leaf, and blank, 3-4 instar larvae can be eaten into the dish leaf hole and incise, and when serious, full leaf is eaten and reticulated.Often concentrate lobus cardiacus to cause harm in seedling stage, the impact bag heart.In the strain of reserving seed for planting, endanger tender stem, young pod and seed.
Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae (Apanteleles plutellae): Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae is the unisexuality endoparasitism honeybee of a kind of important larval phase of diamond-back moth, it is generally acknowledged that it has host specificity to diamond-back moth.
Following method is adopted in the control of diamond-back moth at present usually:
1, cultural control: select resistant variety, rational deployment is avoided the continuous cropping in flakes of brassicaceous vegetable anniversary as far as possible, is strengthened management in the seedling field, and in time control, after results, in time process stubble and lose leaf.Advantage: cost is low, can reduce in a large number Honda worm source.Shortcoming: not easy to operate, be difficult to disconnect the economic pattern of doing in flakes in the main producing region.
2, physical control: diamond-back moth has phototaxis, in the adult emergence period, places black light lamp and can trap and kill the diamond-back moth adult.Advantage: can kill the adult in certain limit; The side effect that does not have chemical control to produce.Shortcoming: physical control will be installed the energy, and cost is high, and is also large to killing and wounding of natural enemy.
3, biological control: a kind of method utilizing natural enemy or bacterium control diamond-back moth.Advantage: be to the person poultry safety, environment is not had or seldom pollutes, sometimes can reach the effect of long term inhibition to some insect, and the natural enemy aboundresources, use cost is lower, is convenient to utilize.Shortcoming: the scale artificial culture technology difficulty of natural enemy is larger; Can be used for a large amount of natural enemy insect kinds that discharge few.
4, chemical control: utilize various chemical substances and converted products thereof to control the method for preventing and treating of diamond-back moth.Advantage: efficient, quick-acting, easy to use, economic benefit is high, at the Emergency time that faces the large generation of disease, or even unique effective measures.Shortcoming: improper use can produce poisoning to plant, causes the person poultry poisoning, kills and wounds beneficial microbe, develops immunity to drugs.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of and can breed in batches Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae and it is discharged into the method that diamond-back moth is subdued in the field.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
Thereby a kind of breeding and field by Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae discharges the method for subduing diamond-back moth, comprises the following steps:
1, diamondback moth larvae breeding
1.1 the collection of Eggs of Diamondback Moth and disinfecting
When a large amount of artificial feeding diamond-back moths and Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae, can the length of time consistent diamondback moth larvae in time is provided be the basis of breeding in batches, for this reason, need to ensure at any time a large amount of Eggs of Diamondback Moths, this just need to lure the diamond-back moth adult to concentrate to lay eggs to the paper tinsel of laying eggs.
The preparation of paper tinsel 1.1.1 lay eggs
Take the approximately cabbage leaves of the healthy non agricultural chemical residuum of 65g, blade is shredded put into agitator, add after 500ml water blade is rubbed, make the slurries of cabbage leaves.The cabbage leaves slurries are put into high-pressure sterilizing pot, disinfect 20min under the condition of 120 ℃, filter with filter, abandon filter residue, (2 * 10cm) rub to be immersed in after wrinkle to take out after 30min in the cabbage leaves extract and dry with preprepared tinfoil paper paper slip, with the valve bag sealing, deposit in refrigerator (17 ℃ prevent mould) standby.
1.1.2 the collection of Eggs of Diamondback Moth and preservation
The diamond-back moth adult foods replenishes: place approximately 200 pickles chrysalis in the case of laying eggs, and put into 20% (v/v) hydromel vial of (containing 0.02% yellow food coloring (g/ml)) is housed, cotton balls one end exposes glass bottle opening, and the other end immerses in hydromel.Additional 1 hydromel of every 3d and pickles chrysalis.
The collection of Eggs of Diamondback Moth and long preservation: the diamond-back moth adult is hung on dependent insect cage inwall surrounding with the ovum foil paper after sprouting wings more than 50%, and every 24h changes 1 paper tinsel of laying eggs.
The preservation condition of ovum: the paper tinsel of laying eggs is positioned over interior preservation of refrigerator of 4 ℃, and the holding time should not surpass for 2 weeks.
The quick collection of Eggs of Diamondback Moth: in the numerous process of indoor expansion, also the Turnip Sprouts of the available 3-4d of emerging are put into dependent insect cage and are directly collected Eggs of Diamondback Moth, and 24h changes 1 Turnip Sprouts, switchable parasitic raising to the cabbage seedling when the ovum hatching on Turnip Sprouts is grown to 2 age.
1.1.3 the sterilization of Eggs of Diamondback Moth
Healthy, without susceptible diamondback moth larvae be raise smoothly insect parasite one of must obligato condition.The ovum paper tinsel is put into 10% (ml/ml) formalin solution soak 15-20min, then rinse 15min2-3 time with the residual formalin of wash clean with the clear water that flows, the Eggs of Diamondback Moth foil paper after sterilization is fixed on cabbage leaves with pin.
1.2 the raising of diamondback moth larvae
Place 1 block of ovum foil paper that 400 ovum are approximately arranged on the cabbage seedling blade in 1 ages in basin 6 week, connect ovum 6 basins 1 time.for making diamond-back moth can be evenly distributed on cabbage plant, available scissors are cut into small pieces the ovum foil paper and evenly are positioned on cabbage leaves, light application ratio 14: 10 (hour), 25 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, raise under the condition of humidity 70-75% can obtain after about 9d being about 5.5mm 3 age diamondback moth larvae, diamondback moth larvae 2 basins in these 3 ages continue to raise to pupa time to collect the pupa of diamond-back moth, be used for successive propagation to ensure enough worm sources, another 4 basins will be for raising Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae, the field diamond-back moth that gathers some every half a year is replenished rejuvenation, if Long-term breeding, concentrate and tame sensitive population in culturing room.
2, Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae breeds
2.1 the emergence of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae
(put into 500 of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae pupas in 140cm * 45cm * 45cm) at numerous honeybee cage.Emergence condition light application ratio 14: 10,25 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, humidity 70-75%, approximately after 3-5 days, Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae can be sprouted wings, and puts into 20% hydromel in case to supplement the nutrients, and every 2d changes 1 hydromel.Opening part at numerous honeybee cage or numerous beehive will seal the escape of processing with the minimizing parasitic wasp.Replenish weekly 1 Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae pupa, 1 time 500.
2.2 parasitic diamond-back moth
Place the cabbage plant that 4 basins approximately have 300/basin diamondback moth larvae in numerous honeybee cage.Cover earth exposed on the wild cabbage basin with waste and old A4 paper, place some cabbage leaves in the surrounding near the wild cabbage basin, avoid for want of extremely death of food of diamondback moth larvae that falls down from plant because of parasitism; After parasitic 24h, the cabbage seedling that parasitism is crossed shifts out cage, and every basin minute abuts against the two fresh cabbage plants of basin after with scissors or blade excision, and the situation that takes food of optic lobe sheet is tap 1 time again.Simultaneously, the diamondback moth larvae that drops on the cage intra vane is transferred on fresh cabbage plant.
2.3 the collection of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae pupa
In light application ratio 14: 10,25 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, under the raising condition of humidity 70-75%, parasitic after the larva of 7-10d Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae can grow the stage of pupating.Carefully the pupa of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae is taken off with pincet, can collect 300-500 bee pupa the same day, interval 2 days, receive once again, can all harvest for a collection of twice, the pupa of receiving is positioned in the refrigerator of 4 ℃, can preserve 15-30d, preferably be no more than 15d, in order to avoid eclosion rate reduces.
2.4 breed quality control
Wild cabbage host's nutritional condition can have influence on the growth of diamondback moth larvae and Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae larva, if blade wax powder is thick and quality is old, it is slow that diamondback moth larvae takes food few growth.Therefore, what needs assurance batch was in good time provides nutritional condition good, the cabbage plant that quality is tender.In addition, the quantity that guarantees enough parasitic wasps has conclusive impact for lasting parasitic diamond-back moth, having under the condition in nectar source, the life-span average out to 14d of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae adult needs to replenish 1 Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae pupa to guarantee the density of parasitic wasp about every 5d.
2.5 the rejuvenation of honeybee kind
After the long-term endogamy of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae, can cause offspring's property than imbalance, male and female are than descending.Need the annual Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae pupa that gathers from the field to add to indoor population for 2-3 time, to improve parasitic ability and the fertility of braconid wasp, regulate Progeny Sex Ratio.
3, the sterilization of insectary and utensil
3.1 insectary sterilization
Carried out in 1 week before supporting worm, at first insectary and foster worm frame are swept and cleaned up, carry out disinfection with the bleaching fluid that contains available chlorine 1%, after keeping moistening 3-4h, then water cleans up; Then with the ultra violet lamp 20min that sterilizes, the ventilation of opening the door; Support the worm phase and spread fresh quicklime or bleaching powder at indoor and table top again.The complete a collection of insect of every raising all will carry out 1 sterilization.
3.2 the sterilization of utensil
The utensil that at every turn is finished with 75% alcohol-pickled 30m after airing, avoid occuring viral cross-infection.
3.3 the preparation of disinfectant:
The preparation of available chlorine 1% bleaching fluid: add water 24kg with the bleaching powder 1kg that contains available chlorine 25%, first bleaching powder is stirred into pasty state, then add total Water, fully mix thoroughly and add a cover static 0.5-1h, get the supernatant sterilization.
Disinfectant powder: mix with 14 parts of fresh pulverized limestones with 1 part, the bleaching powder that contains available chlorine 26%.With gauze bag, medicinal powder is evenly scattered on foster worm table top, the amount of spreading pesticides is suitable to support the worm frame thin frost of one deck that falls on glass.
New fresh lime: the lime of bulk is used after weathering or 10kg quicklime adds water 2.5kg-3kg, sieve after dissolving, with gauze bag, lime is sprinkling upon and supports on the worm table top, the amount of spreading pesticides is suitable with the foster worm frame thin frost of one deck that falls on glass.
No. one, diseases prevention: add fresh pulverized limestone 3kg with 1.2% formaldehyde 50g, mix thoroughly.With gauze bag, medicinal powder is evenly scattered on foster worm table top, the amount of spreading pesticides is suitable to support the worm frame thin frost of one deck that falls on glass.
4 Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae field method for releasing
4.1 the investigation of field diamond-back moth worm amount
Put the honeybee index: in 0.54 head/plant of wild cabbage seedling stage, in 0.91 head/plant of rosette stage, balling begins 0.67 head/plant of phase, 6.08 head/plants of balling middle and later periods.
Put the honeybee amount: become 1500/ha of honeybee, 2250/ha of bee pupa.
4.2 supplementary measures
The supporting of Bt insecticide used: if field larva amount greater than 200/hundred strains, can be before putting honeybee compounding application Bt preparation.
The propagation measure of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae field: (1m * 1m) shroud the host plants such as wild cabbage, cauliflower manually accesses pickles chrysalis and braconid wasp pupa to the field small size, reaches balk in the gauze cage and sporadicly plants the nectariferous plants such as cabbage heart of small size.At 20d in summer, after autumn, the 30-40d Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae was completed 1 generation, open the gauze cage, allow Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae diffuse to field on every side, simultaneously field is placed diamond-back moth gyplure and trapper around, reduces not by the diamond-back moth of parasitism the impact of host plant on every side.
5 points for attention
5.1 in breeding the process of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae in batches, because stocking density is larger than the field, disease etc. are easily popular, cause the death of diamondback moth larvae, except carrying out sterilization, also need suitable ventilation 2-3h/d.
5.2 for guaranteeing eclosion rate and the vitality of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae, guarantee enough life-span and egg laying amount, the time that the pupa of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae is deposited in refrigerator should not surpass 15d, and every 3d need change 20% hydromel 1 time, the emergence condition is controlled at 25 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, under humidity 75% condition.
5.3 when the parasitic wasp expansion was numerous, the ratio of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae and diamond-back moth is 1: 30-40 (head/head) was advisable.
Advantage of the present invention: due to the long-term use of chemical pesticide, diamond-back moth in all parts of the country, produced very strong pesticide resistance as North China, Central China, south China, southwestern vegetable-growing area diamond-back moth, the diamond-back moth natural enemy insect is killed and wounded in a large number because of the use of chemical pesticide, trapping lamp again, causes diamond-back moth to be caused harm in brassicaceous vegetable main producing region wildness.Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae is wider to environmental suitability, and there is its distribution the most of vegetable-growing area of China, Populations of Diamondback Moth, Plutella Xylostella is had control preferably usefulness.The present invention can be at indoor batch breeding Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae, and field release cost is low, easy, easy row, can successfully surely grow in the field, is conducive to the Sustainable Control of diamond-back moth, and the vegetables of developing green non-pollution are had vast potential for future development.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the indoor flow chart of breeding of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
In the present embodiment, breed as shown in Figure 1 the indoor of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae.
1, material:
Diamond-back moth: the field gathers, for indoor many for propagating and breeding.
Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae: the field gathers, for indoor many for propagating and breeding.
2, instrument and equipment
2.1 the insectary, the band light source is supported worm frame, dependent insect cage
Insectary: require energy insulation, moisturizing, light to become clear and evenly, be convenient to again ventilation.The roof should have ceiling, north and south to window.The layout of insectary should be according to the quantity decision of raising, and indoor two are sidelong the foster worm frame with light source, and specification is 140 * 45 * 200cm, often supports totally 4 layers, worm frame, every layer height spacing 40-45cm.
Dependent insect cage: wood frame, specification is 35 * 35 * 35cm, end face, bottom surface glass or plastic plate, all the other sides are with the 40 husky nets of orders, do encapsulation process, prevent the escape of diamond-back moth adult, select for a post 1 side, live with the black cloth enclosure, leave the mouth that reloads of 1 diameter 15cm to change hydromel, pickles chrysalis etc.
2.2 regulate temp. and humidity instrument equipment
Dehumidifier, air-conditioning, humiture instrument.
2.3 special instruments and equipment
Small-sized cooking machine (home-use), autoclave, refrigerator.
2.4 be used for the medicine of sterilization
Quicklime, formalin, bleaching powder and 75% alcohol.
3, the preparation of host plant
3.1 wild cabbage plantation utensil
The seedling-cultivating tray of 30 * 40cm, 22 * 18cm flowerpot.
3.2 kind
The capital rich No. one or in sweet 11.
3.3 soil
The content of organic matter is more than 1.5%, pH value 6-7,6 parts of the vegetable garden soils that granular structure is good, the preserve moisture and fertility ability is strong, 4 parts of decomposed manures, every cubic metre of Nutrition Soil adds 1kg Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, 80g carbendazim to be mixed to make cultivating soil, and the ratio that also should use a certain amount of fertilizer N, P, K at growing period is 3: 1: 4.
3.4 moisture condition
Wild cabbage is suitable grows under the humid climate condition, not drought-resistant, soil moisture 70-80%.
3.5 temperature
The wild cabbage happiness gentleness weather that cools, more cold-resistant, growth temperature range is wider, generally can normal growth under 7-25 ℃ of temperature condition.
3.6 illumination
Wild cabbage belongs to long-day happiness light crop, needs than intense light irradiation.
3.7 culture technique
Seedling-cultivating tray waters little water, until water ooze lower after again the sowing, select fine warm weather to do kind of a program request morning, the distance of program request is 5cm * 7cm, covers fine earth 1cm on after program request, the overlay film moisturizing, 3-4d is emerged and is in time taken off film white silk seedling, and regularly watering, fertilizing, transplant to the plastic flowerpot of diameter 15cm after seedling grows to 2-3 sheet true leaf, when transplanting 5-6 week, can inoculate during wild cabbage 10-12 sheet leaf that diamondback moth larvae is raised, parasitism.
Avoid seed soaking before sowing, the seed that soaked is broadcast and was just being watered on permeable seedbed, and anoxic adds low temperature, and rotten kind very easily occurs, and affects emergence rate.Cultivating soil is tanned by the sun in attention replacing or rotation in long-term cultivation process, prevents the damping off of seedling, the root rot of seedlings and nutritional deficiency disease.
4, diamondback moth larvae breeding
4.1 the collection of Eggs of Diamondback Moth and disinfecting
When a large amount of artificial feeding diamond-back moths and diamond-back moth cocoon honeybee, can the length of time consistent diamondback moth larvae in time is provided be the basis of breeding in batches, for this reason, need to ensure at any time a large amount of Eggs of Diamondback Moths, this just need to lure the diamond-back moth adult to concentrate to lay eggs to the paper tinsel of laying eggs.
The preparation of paper tinsel 4.1.1 lay eggs
Take the approximately cabbage leaves of the healthy non agricultural chemical residuum of 65g, blade is shredded put into agitator, add after 500ml water blade is rubbed, make the slurries of cabbage leaves.The cabbage leaves slurries are put into high-pressure sterilizing pot, disinfect 20min under the condition of 120 ℃, filter with filter, abandon filter residue, (2 * 10cm) rub to be immersed in after wrinkle to take out after 30min in the cabbage leaves extract and dry with preprepared tinfoil paper paper slip, with the valve bag sealing, deposit in refrigerator (17 ℃ prevent mould) standby.
4.1.2 the collection of Eggs of Diamondback Moth and preservation
The diamond-back moth adult foods replenishes: place approximately 200 pickles chrysalis in the case of laying eggs, and put into 20% (v/v) hydromel vial of (containing 0.02% (g/ml) yellow food coloring) is housed, cotton balls one end exposes glass bottle opening, and the other end immerses in hydromel.Additional 1 hydromel of every 3d and pickles chrysalis.
The collection of Eggs of Diamondback Moth and long preservation: the diamond-back moth adult is hung on dependent insect cage inwall surrounding with the ovum foil paper after sprouting wings more than 50%, and every 24h changes 1 paper tinsel of laying eggs.
The preservation condition of ovum: the paper tinsel of laying eggs is positioned over interior preservation of refrigerator of 4 ℃, and the holding time should not surpass for 2 weeks.
The quick collection of Eggs of Diamondback Moth: in the numerous process of indoor expansion, also the Turnip Sprouts of the available 3-4d of emerging are put into dependent insect cage and are directly collected Eggs of Diamondback Moth, and 24h changes 1 Turnip Sprouts, switchable parasitic raising to the cabbage seedling when the ovum hatching on Turnip Sprouts is grown to 2 age.
4.1.3 the sterilization of Eggs of Diamondback Moth
Healthy, without susceptible diamondback moth larvae be raise smoothly insect parasite one of must obligato condition.The ovum paper tinsel is put into 10% (w/w) formalin solution soak 15-20min, then rinse 15min2-3 time with the residual formalin of wash clean with the clear water that flows, the Eggs of Diamondback Moth foil paper after sterilization is fixed on cabbage leaves with pin.
4.2 the raising of diamondback moth larvae
Place 1 block of ovum foil paper that 400 ovum are approximately arranged on the cabbage seedling blade in 1 ages in basin 6 week, connect ovum 6 basins 1 time.for making diamond-back moth can be evenly distributed on cabbage plant, available scissors are cut into small pieces the ovum foil paper and evenly are positioned on cabbage leaves, light application ratio 14: 10 (hour), 25 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, raise under the condition of humidity 70-75% can obtain after about 9d being about 5.5mm 3 age diamondback moth larvae, diamondback moth larvae 2 basins in these 3 ages continue to raise to pupa time to collect the pupa of diamond-back moth, be used for successive propagation to ensure enough worm sources, another 4 basins will be for raising Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae, the field diamond-back moth that gathers some every half a year is replenished rejuvenation, if Long-term breeding, concentrate and tame sensitive population in culturing room.
5, Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae breeds
5.1 the emergence of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae
(put into 500 of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae pupas in 140cm * 45cm * 45cm) at numerous honeybee cage.The emergence condition is light application ratio 14: 10,25 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, and humidity 70-75%, approximately after 3-5d, Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae can be sprouted wings, and puts into 20% hydromel in case to supplement the nutrients, and every 2d changes 1 hydromel.Opening part at numerous honeybee cage or numerous beehive will seal the escape of processing with the minimizing parasitic wasp.Replenish weekly 1 Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae pupa, 1 time 500.
5.2 parasitic diamond-back moth
Place the cabbage plant that 4 basins approximately have 300/basin diamondback moth larvae in numerous honeybee cage.Cover earth exposed on the wild cabbage basin with waste and old A4 paper, place some cabbage leaves in the surrounding near the wild cabbage basin, avoid for want of extremely death of food of diamondback moth larvae that falls down from plant because of parasitism; After parasitic 24h, the cabbage seedling that parasitism is crossed shifts out cage, and every basin minute abuts against the two fresh cabbage plants of basin after with scissors or blade excision, and the situation that takes food of optic lobe sheet is tap 1 time again.Simultaneously, the diamondback moth larvae that drops on the cage intra vane is transferred on fresh cabbage plant.
5.3 the collection of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae pupa
In light application ratio 14: 10,25 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, under the raising condition of humidity 70-75%, parasitic after the larva of 7-10d Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae can grow the stage of pupating.Carefully the pupa of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae is taken off with pincet, can collect 300-500 bee pupa the same day, interval 2 days, receive once again, can all harvest for a collection of twice, the pupa of receiving is positioned in the refrigerator of 4 ℃, can preserve 15-30d, preferably be no more than 15d, in order to avoid eclosion rate reduces.
5.4 breed quality control
Wild cabbage host's nutritional condition can have influence on the growth of diamondback moth larvae and Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae larva, if blade wax powder is thick and quality is old, it is slow that diamondback moth larvae takes food few growth.Therefore, what needs assurance batch was in good time provides nutritional condition good, the cabbage plant that quality is tender.In addition, the quantity that guarantees enough parasitic wasps has conclusive impact for lasting parasitic diamond-back moth, having under the condition in nectar source, the life-span average out to 14d of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae adult needs to replenish 1 Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae pupa to guarantee the density of parasitic wasp about every 5d.
5.5 the rejuvenation of honeybee kind
After the long-term endogamy of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae, can cause offspring's property than imbalance, male and female are than descending.Need the annual Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae pupa that gathers from the field to add to indoor population for 2-3 time, to improve parasitic ability and the fertility of braconid wasp, regulate Progeny Sex Ratio.
6, the sterilization of insectary and utensil
6.1 insectary sterilization
Carried out in 1 week before supporting worm, at first insectary and foster worm frame are swept clean up after, carry out disinfection with the bleaching fluid that contains available chlorine 1%, after keeping moistening 3-4h, then water cleans up; Then with the ultra violet lamp 20min that sterilizes, the ventilation of opening the door; Support the worm phase and spread fresh quicklime or bleaching powder at indoor and table top again.The complete a collection of insect of every raising all will carry out 1 sterilization.
6.2 the sterilization of utensil
The utensil that at every turn is finished with 75% alcohol-pickled 30m after airing, avoid occuring viral cross-infection.
6.3 the preparation of disinfectant:
The preparation of available chlorine 1% bleaching fluid: add water 24kg with the bleaching powder 1kg that contains available chlorine 25%, first bleaching powder is stirred into pasty state, then add total Water, fully mix and add a cover static 0.5-1h, get the supernatant sterilization.
Disinfectant powder: mix with 14 parts of fresh pulverized limestones with 1 part, the bleaching powder that contains available chlorine 26%.With gauze bag, medicinal powder is evenly scattered on foster worm table top, the amount of spreading pesticides is suitable to support the worm frame thin frost of one deck that falls on glass.
New fresh lime: the lime of bulk is used after weathering or 10kg quicklime adds water 2.5kg-3kg, sieve after dissolving, with gauze bag, lime is sprinkling upon on foster worm table top.
No. one, diseases prevention: add fresh pulverized limestone 3kg with 1.2% formaldehyde 50g, mix thoroughly.With gauze bag, medicinal powder is evenly scattered on foster worm table top, the amount of spreading pesticides is suitable to support the worm frame thin frost of one deck that falls on glass.
7 Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae field method for releasing
7.1 the investigation of field diamond-back moth worm amount
Put the honeybee index: in 0.54 head/plant of wild cabbage seedling stage, in 0.91 head/plant of rosette stage, balling begins 0.67 head/plant of phase, 6.08 head/plants of balling middle and later periods.
Put the honeybee amount: become 1500/ha of honeybee, 1875/ha of bee pupa.
7.2 supplementary measures
The supporting of Bt insecticide used: if field larva amount greater than 200/hundred strains, can be before putting honeybee compounding application Bt preparation.
The propagation measure of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae field: (1m * 1m) shroud the host plants such as wild cabbage, cauliflower manually accesses pickles chrysalis and braconid wasp pupa to the field small size, reaches balk in the gauze cage and sporadicly plants the nectariferous plants such as cabbage heart of small size.At 20d in summer, after autumn, the 30-40d Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae was completed 1 generation, open the gauze cage, allow Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae diffuse to field on every side, simultaneously field is placed diamond-back moth gyplure and trapper around, reduces not by the diamond-back moth of parasitism the impact of host plant on every side.
8 points for attention
8.1 in breeding the process of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae in batches, because stocking density is larger than the field, disease etc. are easily popular, cause the death of diamondback moth larvae, except carrying out sterilization, also need suitable ventilation 2-3h/d.
8.2 for guaranteeing eclosion rate and the vitality of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae, guarantee enough life-span and egg laying amount, the time that the pupa of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae is deposited in refrigerator should not surpass 15d, and every 3d need change 20% hydromel 1 time, the emergence condition is controlled at T//25 ± 1 ℃, under RH//75% condition.
8.3 the ratio of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae and diamond-back moth is 1: 30-40 (head/head) is advisable.
By above-mentioned rules, indoor continuous raising, 500 bee pupas of sustainable collection every day, it is 1 collection cycle that eclosion rate can reach 80%, 30 day, the controlled 8ha area in field, the field parasitic rate can improve 60% spring, and can reach 40% autumn, can effectively control diamond-back moth and occur and harm.
Claims (6)
1. thereby breeding and the field by Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae discharges the method for subduing diamond-back moth, comprises the following steps:
(1) put into the Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae pupa in numerous honeybee cage, light application ratio 14: 10, temperature 24-26 ℃, humidity 70-75%, approximately after 3-5 days, Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae can be sprouted wings, put into 20% (v/v) hydromel in cage to supplement the nutrients, every 2d changes 1 hydromel, replenishes weekly 1 Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae pupa;
(2) place the cabbage plant that 4 basins have diamondback moth larvae in numerous honeybee cage, after parasitic 24h, the cabbage seedling that parasitism is crossed shifts out cage, and every basin minute abuts against the two fresh cabbage plants of basin after with scissors or blade excision, and the situation that takes food of optic lobe sheet is tap 1 time again;
(3) light application ratio 14: 10, temperature 24-26 ℃, under the raising condition of humidity 70-75%, after parasitic, the larva of 7-10d Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae can grow the stage of pupating, carefully the pupa of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae is taken off with pincet, can collect bee pupa the same day, after be positioned in the refrigerator of 4 ℃;
(4) put the honeybee index: in 0.54 head/plant of wild cabbage seedling stage, in 0.91 head/plant of rosette stage, balling begins 0.67 head/plant of phase, 6.08 head/plants of balling middle and later periods; Put the honeybee amount: become 1500/ha of honeybee, 2250/ha of bee pupa.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein need about every 5d to replenish 1 Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae pupa to guarantee the density of parasitic wasp.
3. the method for claim 1, wherein need the annual Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae pupa that gathers from the field to add to indoor population for 2-3 time, to improve parasitic ability and the fertility of braconid wasp, regulate Progeny Sex Ratio.
If the method for claim 1, wherein field larva amount greater than 200/hundred strains, compounding application Bt preparation before putting honeybee.
5. the method for claim 1, wherein the pupa of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae time of depositing in refrigerator should not surpass 15d, and every 3d need change 20% hydromel 1 time, and the emergence condition is controlled at temperature 24-26 ℃, under humidity 75% condition.
6. when the method for claim 1, wherein the Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae expansion was numerous, the number ratio of Parasitoid Cotesia plutellae and diamond-back moth was 1: 30-40.
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