CN103153663B - 双轮辙车辆的被电动驱动的车轴 - Google Patents

双轮辙车辆的被电动驱动的车轴 Download PDF

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CN103153663B
CN103153663B CN201180048045.0A CN201180048045A CN103153663B CN 103153663 B CN103153663 B CN 103153663B CN 201180048045 A CN201180048045 A CN 201180048045A CN 103153663 B CN103153663 B CN 103153663B
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J·朗格尔
T·洛伦茨
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0416—Arrangement in the rear part of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0438—Arrangement under the floor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种双轮辙车辆的被电动驱动的车轴，其包括配置给车轮的驱动轴以及包括轴支座，该轴支座具有多个固定在其上的引导车轮的导杆，至少一个电动机固定在轴支座上并且另外壳体固定在轴支座上或构成轴支座的以基体形式的组成部分，所述壳体包含为电动机提供电能的元件。至少一个引导车轮的导杆铰接在所述基体或壳体上，从基体伸出多个臂，车身通过橡胶轴承支撑在所述臂的端部区域上。优选基体或壳体的朝向车道的底部是基本上平的。

Description

双轮辙车辆的被电动驱动的车轴
技术领域
本发明涉及一种双轮辙车辆的被电动驱动的车轴，该车轴包括配置给车轮的驱动轴以及包括轴支座，该轴支座具有多个固定在其上的引导车轮的导杆。现有技术例如参见DE4421425C1。
背景技术
仅由内燃机或代替内燃机由电动机驱动的双轮辙车辆、尤其是轿车正变得越来越重要。为此寻找简单的车轴方案，其不仅简化车辆的制造过程，而且尤其是能以简单的方式使车身选择性地装配不同车轴方案，其中例如仅一种车轴方案能够用于电动车辆驱动装置，而另一种车轴方案可设置用于另一驱动总成。
发明内容
有鉴于此，现在应提出一种相应的用于电动驱动装置的车轴方案，即本发明的任务。
该任务的解决方案在于一种双轮辙车辆的被电动驱动的车轴，该车轴包括配置给车轮的驱动轴以及包括轴支座，该轴支座具有多个固定在该轴支座上的引导车轮的导杆，至少一个电动机固定在轴支座上并且另外壳体固定在轴支座上或构成轴支座的形式为基体的组成部分，该壳体包含为电动机提供电能的元件，引导车轮的各导杆中的至少一个导杆铰接在所述基体或壳体上。
根据本发明，不仅一个电动机(其在中间连接有分动器或差速器的情况下驱动两个车轮的驱动轴)或两个电动机(如为每个车轮配置一个独立的电动机)固定在轴支座上，而且所谓的用于为所述一个或两个电动机提供电能的单元也固定在轴支座上。由于车轴通常是预安装单元，其在车辆制造过程中首先远离车身地被制成，然后该车轴再与车身组装，所以电动驱动装置所需的重要元件不仅可以与根据本发明的车轴关联地预安装并且它们彼此间的相互作用可在与车身组装前被测试，而且这些元件也可关联地与本身预制的车身连接。这使得制造过程特别经济。关联的预安装是指，尤其是所述用于提供电能的单元和电动机之间的电气布线也可预安装到根据本发明的车轴上，使得在与车身组装时无须进行耗费的导线安装(尤其是承载高电流强度的导线)。
所述用于提供电能的单元原则上可构造成不同类型。在最简单的情况下，该单元主要包括用于存储电能的蓄电池，在最复杂的情况下，该单元可包括具有相配的蓄电池的燃料电池。在此，配置给蓄电池的所谓的功率电子装置也是所述单元的组成部分，并且可能需要用于调温、尤其是用于冷却蓄电池的元件和/或功率电子装置，优选这些元件也属于在本发明中提到的用于提供电能的元件。
此外提出，所述用于提供电能的元件设置在壳体之内并且因此受到壳体保护以避免受环境因素影响，当然这仅指这样的元件，对其而言这种受保护的布置是有意义的。
例如用于通过周围空气冷却载热介质的换热器就不属于所述元件，换热器对用于提供电能的元件进行调温。所述壳体在此至少固定在适合地构造的、对于底盘技术领域的技术人员而言原则上已知的轴支座上；但尤为有利的是，该壳体实际上是轴支座的组成部分，在轴支座上以原则上已知的方式固定有引导车轮的各导杆或各导杆中的几个。所述壳体由此在结构上集成到轴支座中并且因此可构成轴支座的所谓基体并且此外可有利地附加地在功能上集成到轴支座中，即通过将引导车轮的导杆中的至少一个铰接在所述壳体或基体上。另外类似于已知的轴支座，可在所述基体上设置所谓的臂(优选四个)，车身通过橡胶轴承支撑在所述臂的端部区域上。
特别有利的是，所述壳体也有利于降低车辆的空气阻力系数，即在具有所述壳体的轴支座的朝向车道的底部基本上构造成平的情况下，这可借助适合的壳体壁相对简单地实现。
附图说明
附图示出本发明的实施例的透视图(图1)、后视图(图2)、侧视图(图3)以及俯视图(图4)，其中，所述壳体高度简化并且透明且位于其中的用于提供电能的元件仅示意性地示出。在附图中所示的其它结构元件中的一部分透明地示出，以便能够更好的看到基本结构。
具体实施方式
附图标记1表示轿车的在行驶方向上观察的左后轮的轮架并且附图标记2表示右后轮的轮架，该轿车设有根据本发明的车轴、在当前为根据本发明的后车轴。在每个轮架1、2上通常安装有未示出的车轮，为所述车轮在下文以及在权利要求书中也使用附图标记1或2。另外附图示出与相应车轮1、2连接的制动盘3。如常见的那样，每个车轮1、2通过导杆、在本实施例中通过五个导杆4、5、6、7、8被引导。借助它们的背离轮架1或2的端部，所述导杆4～8以原则上已知的方式铰接在轴支座9上。另外在当前在适合地构造的轮架1或2上支撑有弹簧减震器10，未示出的车身支撑在该弹簧减震器的上端部上。最后还示出常见的横向稳定器11。
轴支座9由构造为壳体的近似长方体形的基体9a构成，从该基体大约在角部区域中(在行驶方向上观察左前、右前、左后和右后)伸出各臂9b，在臂的端部中以已知的方式设置橡胶轴承12，车身通过所述橡胶轴承支撑在轴支座9上。通过这些臂——它们在附图中实际上透明地示出——轴支座9像常见的那样原则上构造成框架状的。基体9a的壳体状结构使其具有高机械强度。因此，尤其是不仅所述四个臂9b而且配置给每个车轮1、2的引导车轮的导杆4～8也固定在基体9a或构成基体的壳体的壁上。为此，在所述壳体或基体9a的壁上设置、例如焊接有接片17，引导车轮的导杆4～8以其背离相应轮架1、2的端部以常见的方式在中间连接有橡胶轴承的情况下固定在所述接片上。为简明起见，在此在附图中仅几个接片17带有附图标记。
电动机13固定在轴支座9的基体9a上，或电动机13连同法兰连接在其输出侧上的分动器14或差速器可部分或完全设置在轴支座基体9a的壳体内。从附图中不可见的分动器14输出端，各一个驱动轴15通往轮架1或2或者说通往由轮架支承的车轮1或2的轮毂。所述驱动轴15仅在图1中可见，在图2、4中它们被导杆挡住。
然而在轴支座9的基体壳体9a内尤其设置在附图说明部分之前提到的用于为电动机13提供电能的元件16。这些元件因此受到保护以避免受环境因素影响，并且正如已经说明过的，这种车轴可构成有利的预安装单元。这种车轴的另一优点在于，通过构造为壳体的基体9a形成大的隔声质量，所述基体具有设置在其中的所述元件16、电动机13和分动器14。这使得仅少量干扰振动可通过橡胶轴承12到达支撑在轴支座9上的车身中。

Claims (4)

1.双轮辙车辆的被电动驱动的车轴，该车轴包括配置给车轮(1、2)的驱动轴(15)以及包括轴支座(9)，该轴支座具有多个固定在该轴支座上的引导车轮的导杆(4～8)，至少一个电动机(13)固定在轴支座(9)上，其特征在于，壳体固定在轴支座(9)上或构成轴支座(9)的以基体形式的组成部分，所述壳体包含为电动机(13)提供电能的元件(16)，引导车轮的各导杆(4～8)中的至少一个导杆铰接在所述基体或壳体上，从轴支座(9)的基体伸出多个臂(9b)，车身通过橡胶轴承(12)支撑在所述臂的端部区域上。
2.根据权利要求1的车轴，其特征在于，为每个车轮配置一个电动机。
3.根据权利要求1的车轴，其特征在于，具有后置的分动器(14)或差速器的一个唯一的电动机(13)驱动两个驱动轴(15)。
4.根据权利要求1至3之一的车轴，其特征在于，基体或壳体的朝向车道的底部是基本上平的。
CN201180048045.0A 2010-11-15 2011-10-12 双轮辙车辆的被电动驱动的车轴 Active CN103153663B (zh)

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