CN103110013B - Low-protein daily ration for growing pig under net energy system and application thereof - Google Patents
Low-protein daily ration for growing pig under net energy system and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103110013B CN103110013B CN201310058526.0A CN201310058526A CN103110013B CN 103110013 B CN103110013 B CN 103110013B CN 201310058526 A CN201310058526 A CN 201310058526A CN 103110013 B CN103110013 B CN 103110013B
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Abstract
The invention discloses low-protein daily ration for a growing pig under a net energy system and an application thereof, and belongs to the field of feed processing. The method comprises the steps of: taking the growing pig with the weight being 20-50kg as a research object, utilizing corn-bean pulp daily ration, reducing the protein content of the daily ration by 2% on the basis of the standard recommended by the National Research Council, simultaneously supplying lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan; adding mannan oligosaccharide, multivitamins, complex phosphoesterasum, probiotics and the like to form the low-protein daily ration for the growing pig under the net energy system; crushing, mixing, pelletizing then dosing, and packaging the pelletized feed and a probiotic component in a mixing manner to obtain the product disclosed by the invention. The animal feed utilization rate can be improved; the use quantity of antibiotic medicines in the feeding of animals is effectively reduced; the immunity of fed animals is improved; the security of animal meat products is improved; and the raise efficiency is also improved. The low-protein daily ration is scientific in process design, high in production efficiency, low in cost, and suitable for multi-variety and small-scale production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of feed processing, be specifically related to the formula Design of pig low-protein diet and preparation method thereof of growing under net energy system.
Background technology
In proteinaceous nutrient theory, animal from being in essence the utilization to amino acid (amino acids, AA), as long as daily ration provides rational amino acid, just can meet the protein requirement (Li Defa, 2003) of animal to the demand of protein.But be subject to industrial impact, the preparation of tradition daily ration can only ensure amino acid whose demand by protein level, cause the reasonable utilization of feed resource to be restricted, major protein feedstuff too concentrates in the use of dregs of beans, and because the unbalanced of nutrition allows the pollutant component excretions such as nitrogen phosphorus increase, bring huge pressure to feeding environment.The application of synthesizing amino acid, make nutrient supply more balanced, contribute to improve the utilization rate of protein, give and reduce forage protein raw material consumption and Dietary Crude Protein (crude protein, CP) level and bring possibility, can in guarantee largest production efficiency, reduce feeding process in elimination of nitrogen amount, reduce the harmful effect that environmental problem causes, and can reasonably combined feed resource, utilize unconventional raw material, promote new feed resource rational exploitation and utilization.
Current, low-protein diet theory has had a lot of achievements in research, and in Swine Production, has important practice significance and wide application prospect.But in current research, great majority only concentrate on the reduction degree of dietary protein level and the addition of synthesizing amino acid, and to the rare report of the relation of protein in low-protein diet and energy level.Dietary ME and appraisement system are the focuses of Nutritional studies always, especially net energy (net energy, NE) system is in the application of swine rations preparation, bring opportunity to traditional nutrition theoretical developments, but existing report seldom there is system to carry out the further research of this system for low-protein diet.In low-protein diet, the foundation of the equilibrium relation of energy and protein and net energy system is new problem and the new challenge facing during pig industry is produced.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is taking 20-50kg growth pig as research object, use corn-soybean meal diet, dietary protein content is reduced to 2 percentage points in NRC proposed standard, net energy level is set, lysine supplement, methionine, threonine and tryptophan simultaneously, and add the growth pig low-protein diet under the composition net energy systems such as manna oligosacchride, B B-complex, complex enzyme, probiotic, comprise the raw material of following parts by weight:
Corn 66-71 part; Wheat bran 3-6 part; Dregs of beans 16-20 part; Soya-bean oil 0.3-0.6 part; Calcium monohydrogen phosphate 0.8-1.2 part; Stone flour 0.3-0.6 part; Salt 0.3-0.5 part; L lysine HCL 0.2-0.4 part; L-Trp 0.02-0.05 part; DL-METHIONINE 0.1-0.3 part; L-threonine 0.1-0.3 part; Manna oligosacchride 0.05-0.1 part; High temperature resistant phytase 0.01-0.02 part; Complex enzyme 0.03-0.05 part; B B-complex 0.3-0.4 part; Composite trace element 0.2-0.6 part; Probiotic 1-3 part.
The parts by weight of described complex enzyme consist of: arabinoxylanase 26-30 part; Proteinase 8-12 part; Mannase 6-10 part; α-amylase 8-12 part; Zinc chloride 2-3 part; Calcium chloride 1-3 part; Sodium sulphate 1-2 part.
In described B B-complex, the parts by weight of each component consist of: vitamin A 9-10 part; Vitamin D
33-4 part; Vitamin e1 1-12 part; Vitamin K
31-2 part; Cobastab
10.4-0.8 part; Cobastab
22-3 part; Cobastab
61.5-2.3 part; Cobastab
120.5-1.0 part; Niacinamide 16-17 part; Calcium pantothenate 4-5 part; Biotin 0.5-1.0 part.
The parts by weight of described composite trace element consist of;
Zinc sulfate 3-5 part; Ferrous sulfate 20-30 part; Basic copper chloride 1-2 part; Amino acid chelate copper 2-3 part; Manganese sulfate 6-8 part; Yeast chromium 0.5-1.5 part; Yeast selenium 0.5-1.5 part; Calcium iodate 3-4 part; Cobalt chloride 0.5-1.5 part.
The parts by weight of the each component of described probiotic are: Lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum 1-3 part, Bacillus acidi lactici microbial inoculum 2-4 part, saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculum 1-3 part.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria agent preparation: slant strains obtains yeast starter liquid through the multistage technique that spreads cultivation of routine, transfers in fermentation tank, and controlling temperature is 28 DEG C, aerlbic culture 14 hours in earlier stage, throughput control is 2.0m
3/ minute, later stage anaerobism is cultivated 15 hours; Zymotic fluid low temperature is concentrated, and after mixing with carrier, through fluidized bed drying preparation, vehicle group becomes CaCO
340 parts, 20 parts, dextrin, 20 parts of corn protein powders.In saccharomycetes to make fermentation culture medium, adding mass ratio is the rear 40-50 object Radix Angelicae Sinensis excessively of pulverizing of 2-6% and the rear 40-50 of mistake of the pulverizing object Radix Isatidis that mass ratio is 3-8%.
Lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum preparation: inclined-plane is cultivated Lactobacillus plantarum seed liquor and transferred in fermentation tank, and control temperature is 28-32 DEG C, anaerobism is cultivated 22 hours, and throughput is 2.0m
3/ minute; The complete centrifugation of fermenting obtains wet thallus, adds the protective agent that consists of 8% defatted milk, 4% trehalose, 5% glycerine and 5% glucose, obtains microbial inoculum by freeze drying, and moisture is lower than 10%.
Bacillus acidi lactici microbial inoculum preparation: inclined-plane is cultivated Bacillus acidi lactici seed liquid and transferred in fermentation tank, and control temperature is 28-32 DEG C, and anaerobism is cultivated 22 hours, and throughput is 2.0m
3/ minute; The complete centrifugation of fermenting obtains wet thallus, adds the protective agent that consists of defatted milk 10%, lactose 5%, glycerine 5% and 5% glucose, obtains microbial inoculum by freeze drying, and moisture is lower than 10%.
Growth pig low-protein diet under above-mentioned net energy system, under the condition of daily ration amino acid balance, crude protein content is 15.5-16%, and standard ileum can digestible lysine net energy ratio be 1.00-1.04g/MJ, and net energy content is 10.06-10.48MJ/kg.
The processing technology of product of the present invention is:
Adopt and first pulverize rear proportioning process, after mixing, granulate, by hybrid packed to feed and probiotic component after granulating.
Beneficial effect:
1, net energy system, compare with metabolizable energy system with digestible energy, provide more accurately animal to maintain and production utilize required can value, can react comparatively really growth pig really for maintain and production object can value, can provide accurate reliable foundation to the preparation of swine rations; Reduce daily ration DE, ME, CP level and feed cost; Control energy deposition and trunk fat.
2, under the prerequisite of low-protein amino acid balance daily ration, further apply net energy system, and make can digestible lysine and net energy keep proper ratio, the preparation of preparation high performance-price ratio daily ration is established to important prerequisite.
3, the interpolation of manna oligosacchride, can promote intestinal health, and later stage production performance and meat quality also increase; Can reduce the oxidation of growth pig intestinal mucosa to amino acid and glucose and increase the outer tissue of intestines it is absorbed, thereby improve the body utilization rate of amino acid and glucose.
4, the plant and animal proteinoid that protease can be in suitable Water Under solution feed, become peptide and free amino acid, can improve the utilization ratio of animal to protein, promote the absorption of animal to protein in feed, under the composite coordination effect of other enzyme preparations, promote the digestion of raw material, and then promote growing of animal.
5, in growth swine rations, add high temperature resistant phytase, crude protein and organic apparent digestibility can be obviously improved, the true digestibility of seven kinds of essential amino acids of terminal ileum (arginine, lysine, histidine, phenylalanine, leucine, methionine and isoleucine) and seven kinds of nonessential amino acid (glycine, proline, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine tyrosine and threonine) can be effectively improved simultaneously.
6, technological design science, production efficiency is high, and cost is low, is suitable for many kinds, small lot batch manufacture.
7, the present invention has added the composite probiotic component of science; Lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum, Bacillus acidi lactici microbial inoculum, saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculum.Lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum, Bacillus acidi lactici microbial inoculum and saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculum adopt respectively preferred CGMCC1.555, CICC21007 and CICC31481.Organic assembling realized by Lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum, Bacillus acidi lactici microbial inoculum, saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculum by product of the present invention; Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus acidi lactici body fluid and around trophic factors assist under start growth and breeding and produce lactic acid, invention the plant bacillus that adopts and the distinctive strong galactopoiesis acidity of Bacillus acidi lactici brought into play, the generation of lactic acid promotes and forms the digestive environments of stomach effectively, enzyme preparation starts to have an effect, and decomposes wherein nutriment; Promote digesting and assimilating of nutriment; The prebiotic factors such as product Bacillus acidi lactici of the present invention enter enteron aisle and can effectively reduce the usage quantity of antibiotics in letting animals feed, improve the immunity of letting animals feed, improve the security of animal meat product, improve the food utilization efficiency of animal, the use of antibiotic and medicine in the conventional raising of minimizing, strengthen the resistivity of animal, improve raise benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Lactobacillus provided by the present invention is that Lactobacillus plantarum (Lactobacillus plantarum) CGMCC No.1.555 is purchased from China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center; Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) CICC31481, Bacillus acidi lactici (Lactobacillus) CICC21007 are purchased from Chinese industrial microorganism fungus kind preservation administrative center.
The preparation of Bacillus acidi lactici (Lactobacillus) microbial inoculum:
(1) first order seed is cultivated: Bacillus acidi lactici slant strains is accessed in 500 ml shake flasks to 100 milliliters of culture medium loading amounts, 180 revs/min of rotary shaking tables, 30 DEG C of cultivation temperature, incubation time 24 hours;
(2) secondary seed is cultivated: by first order seed, according in 500 milliliters of secondary seed shaking flasks of inoculum concentration access of 10%, condition of culture is identical with first order seed;
(3) three grades of seed culture: secondary seed is accessed in 5000 milliliters of three grades of seed shaking flasks to 1000 milliliters of culture medium loading amounts, 100 revs/min of rotary shaking tables, 30 DEG C of cultivation temperature, incubation time 24 hours with 10% inoculum concentration;
(4) first class seed pot is cultivated: the first class seed pot by three grades of seeds taking 10% inoculum concentration access total measurement (volume) as 150L, fermentation medium loading amount 100L, 28 DEG C of cultivation temperature, 100 revs/min of mixing speeds, ventilation (V/V) 1:0.5, tank pressure 0.05Mpa, incubation time 24 hours;
(5) fermented and cultured: first class seed pot bacterial classification is accessed to total measurement (volume) as 1.5 tons of secondary seed tanks taking 10% inoculum concentration, 1 ton of fermentation medium loading amount, 28 DEG C of condition of culture cultivation temperature, 100 revs/min of mixing speeds, ventilation (V/V) 1:0.5, tank pressure 0.05Mpa, incubation time 24 hours, cultivates and finishes bacteria concentration 5.0 × 10
8individual/ml.
(6) centrifugation: adopt centrifuge to separate and obtain thalline.
(7) vacuum freeze drying: adopt drying process with atomizing to process acquisition dry bacteria after adding protective agent; Protective agent consists of the aqueous solution of defatted milk 10%, lactose 5%, glycerine 5% and 5% glucose.Vacuum freeze-drying technique is write culture presevation handbook referring to Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica, within 1980, publishes. 610-653.
Culture medium composition: glucose 6%, yeast extract 1%, peptone 0.2%, CaCO
31%, pH6.8.
The preparation of Lactobacillus plantarum agent:
(1) first order seed is cultivated: Lactobacillus plantarum bacterial classification is accessed in 500 ml shake flasks to 100 milliliters of culture medium loading amounts, 30 DEG C of cultivation temperature, incubation time 24 hours;
(2) secondary seed is cultivated: by first order seed, according in 500 milliliters of secondary seed shaking flasks of inoculum concentration access of 10%, condition of culture is identical with first order seed;
(3) three grades of seed culture: secondary seed is accessed in 5000 milliliters of three grades of seed shaking flasks to 1000 milliliters of culture medium loading amounts, 30 DEG C of cultivation temperature, incubation time 24 hours with 10% inoculum concentration;
(4) first class seed pot is cultivated: the first class seed pot by three grades of seeds taking 5% inoculum concentration access total measurement (volume) as 150L, fermentation medium loading amount 100L, 30 DEG C of cultivation temperature, tank pressure 0.05Mpa, incubation time 18 hours;
(5) fermentation tank culture: first class seed pot bacterial classification is accessed to total measurement (volume) as 3 tons of secondary seed tanks taking 5% inoculum concentration, 2 tons of fermentation medium loading amounts, 30 DEG C of condition of culture cultivation temperature, tank pressure 0.05Mpa, incubation time 24 hours, cultivates and finishes bacteria concentration 4.0 × 10
8individual/ml.
(6) centrifugation: adopt centrifuge to separate and obtain thalline.
(7) vacuum freeze drying: add protective agent and adopt vacuum refrigeration to carry out dry treatment process, protective agent consists of the aqueous solution of 8% defatted milk, 4% trehalose, 5% glycerine and 5% glucose.Vacuum freeze-drying technique is write culture presevation handbook, 1980.610-653. referring to Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica
Culture medium consists of: casein peptone 1%, beef extract 1%, yeast extract 0.5%, glucose 0.5%, sodium acetate 0.5%, citric acid diamines 0.2%, Tween80 0.1%, K
2hPO
40.2%, MgSO
4.7H
2o0.02%, MnSO
4.H
2o0.005%, CaCO
32%, agar 1.5%, pH6.8.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculum preparation: slant strains obtains yeast starter liquid through the multistage technique that spreads cultivation of routine, transfers in fermentation tank, and controlling temperature is 28 DEG C, aerlbic culture 14 hours in earlier stage, throughput control is 2.0m
3/ minute, later stage anaerobism is cultivated 15 hours; Zymotic fluid low temperature is concentrated, and after mixing with carrier, through fluidized bed drying preparation, vehicle group becomes CaCO
340 parts, 20 parts, dextrin, 20 parts of corn protein powders.In saccharomycetes to make fermentation culture medium, adding mass ratio is the rear 40-50 object Radix Angelicae Sinensis excessively of pulverizing of 2-6% and the rear 40-50 of mistake of the pulverizing object Radix Isatidis that mass ratio is 3-8%.Cultivation method for saccharomycete and culture medium adopt cellar culture method.
Embodiment 1
(1) the pig low-protein diet feed of growing under a kind of net energy system is made up of the raw material of lower parts by weight:
66 parts of corns; 3 parts, wheat bran; 16 parts of dregs of beans; 0.3 part, soya-bean oil; 0.8 part of calcium monohydrogen phosphate; 0.3 part of stone flour; 0.3 part of salt; 0.2 part of L lysine HCL; 0.02 part of L-Trp; 0.1 part of DL-METHIONINE; 0.10 part of L-threonine; 0.05 part of manna oligosacchride; 0.01 part of high temperature resistant phytase; 0.03 part of complex enzyme; 0.3 part of B B-complex; 0.2 part of composite trace element; 1 part of probiotic.
The parts by weight of described complex enzyme consist of: 26 parts of arabinoxylanases; Proteinase 8 part; 6 parts of mannases; α-amylase 8 part; 2 parts of zinc chloride; 2 parts, calcium chloride; 1 part, sodium sulphate.
The parts by weight of described B B-complex consist of: 9 parts of vitamin As; Vitamin D
33 parts; 1 part of vitamin e1; Vitamin K
31 part; Cobastab
10.4 part; Cobastab
22 parts; Cobastab
61.5 part; Cobastab
120.5 part; 16 parts of niacinamide; 4 parts of calcium pantothenates; 0.5 part of biotin.
The parts by weight of described composite trace element consist of;
3 parts, zinc sulfate; 20 parts, ferrous sulfate; 1 part of basic copper chloride; 2 parts of amino acid chelate copper; 6 parts of manganese sulfates; 0.5 part of yeast chromium; 0.5 part of yeast selenium; 3 parts of calcium iodates; 0.5 part of cobalt chloride.
The parts by weight of the each component of described probiotic are: 1 part of Lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum, 2 parts of Bacillus acidi lactici microbial inoculums, 1 part of saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculum.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria agent preparation: slant strains obtains yeast starter liquid through the multistage technique that spreads cultivation of routine, transfers in fermentation tank, and controlling temperature is 28 DEG C, aerlbic culture 14 hours in earlier stage, throughput control is 2.0m
3/ minute, later stage anaerobism is cultivated 15 hours; Zymotic fluid low temperature is concentrated, and after mixing with carrier, through fluidized bed drying preparation, vehicle group becomes CaCO
340 parts, 20 parts, dextrin, 20 parts of corn protein powders.In saccharomycetes to make fermentation culture medium, add mass ratio and be the rear mistake 40 object Radix Isatidis of pulverizing that 4% rear mistake 45 object Radix Angelicae Sinensis of pulverizing and mass ratio are 6%.
(2) preparation method: by above-mentioned raw materials by weight after feeding, to after corn impurity elimination de-iron, pulverize together with dregs of beans, wheat bran, then adopt and intermittently mix and corresponding hybrid mode with other raw material, mix 3min, mixture homogeneity is controlled in 5%, color and luster uniformity after mixing.The material mixing enters quality-adjusting device, and refining temperature is 60 DEG C, 40 seconds modified time, enters granulator and granulate, coolingly reach hybrid packed with probiotic component after room temperature after modified.
Embodiment 2
(1) the pig low-protein diet feed of growing under a kind of net energy system is made up of the raw material of lower parts by weight:
68 parts of corns; 5 parts, wheat bran; 18 parts of dregs of beans; 0.5 part, soya-bean oil; 1 part of calcium monohydrogen phosphate; 0.5 part of stone flour; 0.5 part of salt; 0.3 part of L lysine HCL; 0.03 part of L-Trp; 0.2 part of DL-METHIONINE; 0.2 part of L-threonine; 0.07 part of manna oligosacchride; 0.01 part of high temperature resistant phytase; 0.04 part of complex enzyme; 0.3 part of B B-complex; 0.4 part of composite trace element; 2 parts of probiotics.
The parts by weight of described complex enzyme consist of: 28 parts of arabinoxylanases; 10 parts, protease; 8 parts of mannases; 10 parts of α-amylase; 2 parts of zinc chloride; 2 parts, calcium chloride; 1 part, sodium sulphate.
The parts by weight of described B B-complex consist of: 0 part of retinol1; Vitamin D
34 parts; 2 parts of vitamin e1s; Vitamin K
32 parts; Cobastab
10.5 part; Cobastab
23 parts; Cobastab
62.0 part; Cobastab
120.8 part; 17 parts of niacinamide; 5 parts of calcium pantothenates; 0.8 part of biotin.
The parts by weight of described composite trace element consist of;
4 parts, zinc sulfate; 25 parts, ferrous sulfate; 2 parts of basic copper chlorides; 3 parts of amino acid chelate copper; 7 parts of manganese sulfates; 1.0 parts of yeast chromiums; 1.0 parts of yeast seleniums; 4 parts of calcium iodates; 1.0 parts of cobalt chlorides.
The parts by weight of the each component of described probiotic are: 2 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculums, 3 parts of Bacillus acidi lactici microbial inoculums, 2 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculums.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria agent preparation: slant strains obtains yeast starter liquid through the multistage technique that spreads cultivation of routine, transfers in fermentation tank, and controlling temperature is 28 DEG C, aerlbic culture 14 hours in earlier stage, throughput control is 2.0m
3/ minute, later stage anaerobism is cultivated 15 hours; Zymotic fluid low temperature is concentrated, and after mixing with carrier, through fluidized bed drying preparation, vehicle group becomes CaCO
340 parts, 20 parts, dextrin, 20 parts of corn protein powders.In saccharomycetes to make fermentation culture medium, add mass ratio and be the rear mistake 40 object Radix Isatidis of pulverizing that 2% rear mistake 40 object Radix Angelicae Sinensis of pulverizing and mass ratio are 8%.
(2) preparation method: with embodiment 1
Embodiment 3
(1) the pig low-protein diet feed of growing under a kind of net energy system is made up of the raw material of lower parts by weight:
71 parts of corns; 6 parts, wheat bran; 20 parts of dregs of beans; 0.6 part, soya-bean oil; 1.2 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphates; 0.6 part of stone flour; 0.5 part of salt; 0.4 part of L lysine HCL; 0.05 part of L-Trp; 0.10 part of 0.3 part of L-threonine of DL-METHIONINE; 0.1 part of manna oligosacchride; 0.02 part of high temperature resistant phytase; 0.05 part of complex enzyme; 0.4 part of B B-complex; 0.6 part of composite trace element; 3 parts of probiotics.
The parts by weight of described complex enzyme consist of: 30 parts of arabinoxylanases; 12 parts, protease; 10 parts of mannases; 12 parts of α-amylase; 2 parts of zinc chloride; 2 parts, calcium chloride; 1 part, sodium sulphate.
The parts by weight of described B B-complex consist of: 0 part of retinol1; Vitamin D
34 parts; 2 parts of vitamin e1s; Vitamin K
32 parts; Cobastab
10.8 part; Cobastab
23 parts; Cobastab
62.3 part; Cobastab
121.0 part; 17 parts of niacinamide; 5 parts of calcium pantothenates; 1.0 parts of biotins.
The parts by weight of described composite trace element consist of;
5 parts, zinc sulfate; 30 parts, ferrous sulfate; 2 parts of basic copper chlorides; 3 parts of amino acid chelate copper; 8 parts of manganese sulfates; 1.5 parts of yeast chromiums; 1.5 parts of yeast seleniums; 4 parts of calcium iodates; 1.5 parts of cobalt chlorides.
The parts by weight of the each component of described probiotic are: 3 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculums, 4 parts of Bacillus acidi lactici microbial inoculums, 3 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculums.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria agent preparation: slant strains obtains yeast starter liquid through the multistage technique that spreads cultivation of routine, transfers and is added with in the fermentation tank of fermentation medium, and controlling temperature is 28 DEG C, aerlbic culture 14 hours in earlier stage, throughput control is 2.0m
3/ minute, later stage anaerobism is cultivated 15 hours; Zymotic fluid low temperature is concentrated, and after mixing with carrier, through fluidized bed drying preparation, vehicle group becomes CaCO
340 parts, 20 parts, dextrin, 20 parts of corn protein powders.In saccharomycetes to make fermentation culture medium, add mass ratio and be the rear mistake 40 object Radix Isatidis of pulverizing that 6% rear mistake 50 object Radix Angelicae Sinensis of pulverizing and mass ratio are 3%.
(2) preparation method: with embodiment 1.
Growth pig low-protein diet under net energy system prepared by employing embodiment 1 does following checking.
1 test material
1.1 test period
Tested in May, 2011, finish in mid-June, 2011 to raise, last 38 days.
1.2 test site
Test is implemented on Lingyuan, Liaoning kind pig farm.
1.3 experimental animal
Experimental animal is selected totally 300 of the long white three way cross sodium selenites of Du Luoke * great Bai *.
1.4 test daily rations
Two control groups and test group totally 3 processing are established in test.Control group feed is the corn-soybean meal growth pig feed of the rich production of Lingyuan standing grain, and what the present invention described is the growth pig low-protein diet under net energy system, adopts feed described in example 1.
Control group daily ration composition
| Raw material | Control group one (parts by weight) | Control group two (parts by weight) |
| Corn | 66.00 | 71.40 |
| Dregs of beans | 25.00 | 19.50 |
| Wheat bran | 5.00 | 4.50 |
| Soya-bean oil | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Stone flour | 0.60 | 0.50 |
| Calcium monohydrogen phosphate | 1.00 | 1.20 |
| Salt | 0.40 | 0.40 |
| Premix | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| L lysine HCL | 0.00 | 0.25 |
| L-threonine | 0.00 | 0.10 |
| DL-METHIONINE | 0.00 | 0.12 |
| L-Trp | 0.00 | 0.03 |
Note:
1net energy calculates according to the equation of (1994) such as Noblet.
2premix provides for every kilogram of daily ration: vitamin A, 5,512IU; Vitamin D
3, 2,200IU; Vitamin E, 64IU; Vitamin K
3, 2.2mg; Cobastab
12, 27.6 μ g; Riboflavin, 5.5mg; D-VB5,13.8mg; Nicotinic acid, 30.3mg; Choline Chloride, 551mg; Manganese, 40mg; Iron, 100mg; Zinc, 100mg; Copper, 100mg; Iodine, 0.3mg; Selenium, 0.3mg.
3in cost of material, corn, 46% dregs of beans, wheat bran, one-level soya-bean oil are respectively by 2400,4000,1800 and 12000 yuan/ton of calculating.
2 test methods
2.1 experimental design
This test adopts single factor Random Design, select Du Luoke × length that average initial body weight is about 22.96 ± 2.72kg in vain × totally 300 of great Bai three way cross healthy growth pigs, by the close principle similar with hereditary basis of body weight, be divided at random 3 processing, the three kinds of different daily rations of feeding respectively.10 repetitions of each processing, 10 pigs of each repetition (circle), male and female half and half, experimental subjects body weight is 20-50kg.38 days experimental periods, record feed intake, weigh test initial and last heavy, and calculate daily gain, daily ingestion amount and material anharmonic ratio and other indexs.
2.2 feeding and management
Test pig is raised in closed pig house, cement flooring, well-ventilated.Each reinforced 1 time of duration of test every morning and afternoon, free choice feeding and drinking-water, by pig farm conventional program carry out disinfection, expelling parasite and immunity.
2.3 testing index
2.3.1 ration ingredient
The method that diet dry substance, thick protein, calcium and total phosphorus are recommended with reference to National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T6435-1986, GB/T6432-1994, GB/T6436-2002 and GB/T6437-2002 is respectively measured.
Daily ration sample respectively at 110 DEG C at 6mol/L hydrochloric acid hydrolysis 24h and 0 DEG C after performic oxidation 16h through hydrochloric acid hydrolysis for 24h automatic amino acid analyzer (L-8800 of Hitachi, Japan) measure 15 seed amino acids and sulfur-containing amino acid; At 110 DEG C, be hydrolyzed after 22h with 4mol/L NaOH, use high performance liquid chromatograph (Shimadzu LC-10A, Japan) to measure tryptophan.
2.3.2 growth performance
On an empty stomach individuality is weighed morning respectively at each on-test and while finishing, to repeat (circle) as unit record feed consumption rate, calculates average daily gain, average daily ingestion amount and feed and increases weight and compare.
2.4 statistical analysis
Test data is carried out after preliminary treatment with Excel software, adopts general linear model (general linearmodel, GLM) the modeling statistics analysis (SAS, 2001) of SAS8.2.
3 results and analysis
Under different-energy system, low-protein diet is to growth pig growth performance contrast table
| ? | Control group one | Control group two | Test group |
| Starting weight (kg) | 22.96 | 22.91 | 22.96 |
| End heavy (kg) | 52.45 | 51.86 | 53.00 |
| Average daily gain (g/d) | 776.00 | 762.00 | 791.00 |
| Average daily ingestion amount (g/d) | 1585.00 | 1553.00 | 1601.00 |
| Feed/weightening finish | 2.04 | 2.04 | 2.03 |
Result shows, control group and test group growth performance comprise in feed intake, feedstuff-meat ratio, speed of growth statistics does not have difference (P>0.05); The average daily gain of the low-protein diet under net energy system and feed/weightening finish all have superiority; Low-protein diet under net energy system, the relatively front two groups of reduction 50kcal/kg of digestible energy, therefore further cost-saving on energy feed;
Test shows: test group reduces by 75.3% than control group antibiotic dosage.Pig hair light has color and luster, and hair color takes on a new look very large compared with the control; Result shows that product of the present invention can improve pig body immunocompetence, reduces antibiotic dosage, increases cultivation quality and benefits.So from overall economic efficiency analysis, the low-protein diet cost performance under net energy system is better, under the surging situation of current cost of material, more there is market popularization value especially, be beneficial to pig farm and reduce feed cost, improve the income of raising pigs.
Claims (9)
1. growth pig low-protein diet, is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:
Corn 66-71 part; Wheat bran 3-6 part; Dregs of beans 16-20 part; Soya-bean oil 0.3-0.6 part; Calcium monohydrogen phosphate 0.8-1.2 part; Stone flour 0.3-0.6 part; Salt 0.3-0.5 part; L lysine HCL 0.2-0.4 part; L-Trp 0.02-0.05 part; DL-METHIONINE 0.1-0.3 part; L-threonine 0.1-0.3 part; Manna oligosacchride 0.05-0.1 part, high temperature resistant phytase 0.01-0.02 part; Complex enzyme 0.03-0.05 part; B B-complex 0.3-0.4 part; Composite trace element 0.2-0.6 part; Probiotic 1-3 part; In described composite trace element, copper is supplied with the form of basic copper chloride and copper amino acid chelate, and the two parts by weight ratio is 1-2:2-3; The part by weight of the each component of described probiotic is: Lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum: Bacillus acidi lactici microbial inoculum: saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculum=1-3:2-4:1-3; Described Lactobacillus plantarum is that CGMCC No.1.555, Bacillus acidi lactici are that CICC No.21007 saccharomyces cerevisiae is CICC No.31481.
2. growth pig low-protein diet according to claim 1, is characterized in that the parts by weight of described complex enzyme consist of: arabinoxylanase 26-30 part; Proteinase 8-12 part; Mannase 6-10 part; α-amylase 8-12 part; Zinc chloride 2-3 part; Calcium chloride 1-3 part; Sodium sulphate 1-2 part.
3. growth pig low-protein diet according to claim 1, is characterized in that the parts by weight of described B B-complex consist of: vitamin A 9-10 part; Vitamin D
33-4 part; Vitamin e1 1-12 part; Vitamin K
31-2 part; Cobastab
10.4-0.8 part; Cobastab
22-3 part; Cobastab
61.5-2.3 part; Cobastab
120.5-1.0 part; Niacinamide 16-17 part; Calcium pantothenate 4-5 part; Biotin 0.5-1.0 part.
4. growth pig low-protein diet according to claim 1, is characterized in that the parts by weight of described composite trace element consist of;
Zinc sulfate 3-5 part; Ferrous sulfate 20-30 part; Basic copper chloride 1-2 part; Amino acid chelate copper 2-3 part; Manganese sulfate 6-8 part; Yeast chromium 0.5-1.5 part; Yeast selenium 0.5-1.5 part; Calcium iodate 3-4 part; Cobalt chloride 0.5-1.5 part.
5. growth pig low-protein diet according to claim 1, is characterized in that described Lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum preparation: inclined-plane is cultivated Lactobacillus plantarum seed liquor and transferred in fermentation tank, and control temperature is 28-32 DEG C, and anaerobism is cultivated 22 hours, and throughput is 2.0m
3/ minute; The complete centrifugation of fermenting obtains wet thallus, adds the protective agent that consists of 8% defatted milk, 4% trehalose, 5% glycerine and 5% glucose, obtains microbial inoculum by freeze drying, and moisture is lower than 10%.
6. the pig low-protein diet of growing according to claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that described Bacillus acidi lactici microbial inoculum preparation: inclined-plane is cultivated Bacillus acidi lactici seed liquid and transferred in fermentation tank, and controls temperature is 28-32 DEG C, anaerobism cultivation 22 hours, and throughput is 2.0m
3/ minute; The complete centrifugation of fermenting obtains wet thallus, adds the protective agent that consists of defatted milk 10%, lactose 5%, glycerine 5% and 5% glucose, obtains microbial inoculum by freeze drying, and moisture is lower than 10%.
7. the pig low-protein diet of growing according to claim 1 or 5, is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:
71 parts of corns; 6 parts, wheat bran; 20 parts of dregs of beans; 0.6 part, soya-bean oil; 1.2 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphates; 0.6 part of stone flour; 0.5 part of salt; 0.4 part of L lysine HCL; 0.05 part of L-Trp; 0.3 part of DL-METHIONINE; 0.10 part of L-threonine; 0.1 part of manna oligosacchride; 0.02 part of high temperature resistant phytase; 0.05 part of complex enzyme; 0.4 part of B B-complex; 0.6 part of composite trace element; 3 parts of probiotics;
The parts by weight of described complex enzyme consist of: 30 parts of arabinoxylanases; 12 parts, protease; 10 parts of mannases; 12 parts of α-amylase; 2 parts of zinc chloride; 2 parts, calcium chloride; 1 part, sodium sulphate;
The parts by weight of described B B-complex consist of: 0 part of retinol1; Vitamin D
34 parts; 2 parts of vitamin e1s; Vitamin K
32 parts; Cobastab
10.8 part; Cobastab
23 parts; Cobastab
62.3 part; Cobastab
121.0 part; 17 parts of niacinamide; 5 parts of calcium pantothenates; 1.0 parts of biotins;
The parts by weight of described composite trace element consist of; 5 parts, zinc sulfate; 30 parts, ferrous sulfate; 2 parts of basic copper chlorides; 3 parts of amino acid chelate copper; 8 parts of manganese sulfates; 1.5 parts of yeast chromiums; 1.5 parts of yeast seleniums; 4 parts of calcium iodates; 1.5 parts of cobalt chlorides; The parts by weight of the each component of described probiotic are: 3 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculums, 4 parts of Bacillus acidi lactici microbial inoculums, 3 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculums.
8. the pig low-protein diet of growing according to claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that adding in described saccharomycetes to make fermentation culture medium mass ratio and is the rear mistake 40 object Radix Isatidis of pulverizing that 6% rear mistake 50 object Radix Angelicae Sinensis of pulverizing and mass ratio are 3%.
9. the application of growth pig low-protein diet according to claim 1 in pig is fed.
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| CN103535519B (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2016-01-20 | 丁玉华 | A kind of low protein biology feedstuff and preparation method thereof |
| CN103504172A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-01-15 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Myriophylium clatinoides containing pig feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN103598476B (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2015-04-29 | 南昌傲农生物科技有限公司 | Pig feed and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105053714A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-11-18 | 辽宁禾丰牧业股份有限公司 | An 8% pig premix under the net energy system and a preparation method thereof |
| CN105994949B (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2019-09-10 | 河南广安生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method for the fermentation source organic chromium feed improving meat |
| CN106551141A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-04-05 | 辽宁禾丰牧业股份有限公司 | A kind of young pig's mixed feed and its preparation method and application |
| CN108719181A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-11-02 | 广西农垦永新畜牧集团有限公司良圻原种猪场 | Using the kind pig feeding method of accurate nutrient formulation feed |
| CN108575890A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-09-28 | 广西农垦永新畜牧集团有限公司良圻原种猪场 | Using the pork pig method for breeding of accurate nutrient formulation feed |
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| CN101461453B (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2012-01-04 | 润盈生物工程（上海）有限公司 | Composite microbial feed additive for beasts and birds |
| CN101658237B (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2012-07-04 | 北京挑战牧业科技股份有限公司 | Low-protein amino acid balance daily ration, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN101822328A (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2010-09-08 | 北京资源亚太饲料科技有限公司 | Low protein ration premix compound for growing pigs and using method thereof |
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