CN109287865A - A kind of composite fermentation protein feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of composite fermentation protein feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of composite fermentation protein feeds and preparation method thereof, the preparation method includes the following steps: that (1) fermentation bottom material is mixed evenly according to 40~70 parts of bean dregs, 20~30 parts of apple pomace, 5~15 parts of corn flour, 5~15 parts of wheat bran, for use；(2) candida utili bacterium solution, bacillus subtilis bacterium solution and aspergillus niger bacterium solution are uniformly mixed, composite zymocyte liquid is made；(3) inoculation step (2) described composite zymocyte liquid in step (1) the fermentation bottom material, after mixing, by material sealed package, static fermentation obtains composite fermentation protein feed.The bean dregs composite fermentation protein feed finished product that the present invention is prepared is not required to be dried, and production cost is low, and prebiotic bacterial content is high, has and is obviously improved animal intestinal tract health, improves the effect of animal immunizing power；Bean dregs and apple pomace pollution on the environment can also be greatly reduced simultaneously, alleviate the status of protein feed resources shortage significantly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological fermentation feed manufacture fields, and in particular to a kind of composite fermentation protein feed and its preparation side
Method.
Background technique
China is herding, aquaculture big country, and as aquaculture industry of China increases at high speed for years, feed resource is especially
Be protein resource shortage problem it is increasingly severe.It analyzes, arrives according to the relevant expert of Institute of Feeds,China Academy of Agriculture Sciences
The year two thousand twenty, China's protein feed year insufficiency of supply-demand will be up to 48,000,000 tons.Therefore it depends merely on using existing conventional plant protein raw materials (such as
Dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs etc.) and animal protein raw material, it is difficult to meet the needs of fast-developing aquaculture.Therefore, how according to state of China
Feelings expand existing feed resource, develop and promoted unconventional or low value-added protein feed resources, to alleviate the feeding of China's albumen
Material shortage of resources status has become a top priority.
China is that main Soybean production state and consumption state, soybean processing amount are very big in the world.Bean dregs are all kinds of soybean systems
Product such as bean curd, fermented bean curd, dried bean curd, bean powder, generated by-product in soymilk process of manufacture, account for about soya bean dry weight 15~
20%.It has been investigated that nutriment rich in bean dregs, contain 25.2~28.4% crude protein in dry bean dregs, 9.3
~10.9% fat, vitamin, mineral trace element can digest crude fibre 12.6~14.6% or so.China is every year about
20,000,000 tons of life bean dregs can be produced, but since raw bean dregs heat content is low, coarse mouthfeel, moisture content is high, easy moldy metamorphism, storage
It is relatively difficult, and containing anti-nutritional factors such as antitrypsin, saponin, hemagglutinin, a large amount of feedings easily cause scouring and drop
The digestion and absorption of low-protein influences to grow, while palatability is poor, it is difficult to digest, often be simply discarded and easily cause environmental pollution
And the wasting of resources.Therefore the development and utilization research of bean dregs resource is more and more important.
Meanwhile China is the first big country of apple production again, leads to the apple pomace being discharged every year, only apple processing industry just reaches
More than 100 ten thousand tons, in addition the pomace of other fruit, the pomace being discharged every year is up to millions of tons；But due to moisture content in pomace
Higher, protein content is low, and it is the good Nutrient medium of microorganism that soluble sugar, vitamin, minerals and cellulose equal size are abundant
Matter, if therefore handle not in time, pomace will soon souring foul, pollute environment.
Therefore, bean dregs and pomace pollution environment how are solved, so that it is turned waste into wealth, to make up current animal husbandry albumen
The status of feed resource shortage becomes technical problem urgently to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the technological deficiency of background technique, a kind of composite fermentation albumen is provided
Feed and preparation method thereof.The present invention directly utilizes microbial fermentation technology, cooperates certain nutrition to compound control technique, by beans
Slag and apple pomace, which are mixed in a certain ratio, directly to be developed into a kind of composite fermentation protein feed, and finished product is not required to be dried, production
At low cost, prebiotic bacterial content is high, has and is obviously improved animal intestinal tract health, improves the effect of animal immunizing power；It simultaneously can also be big
It is big to reduce bean dregs and apple pomace pollution on the environment, alleviate the status of protein feed resources shortage significantly, to reduce poultry
Fowl production cost, and then improve product competitiveness in the market.
The present invention solves technological means used by above-mentioned technical problem are as follows:
A kind of preparation method of composite fermentation protein feed, includes the following steps:
(1) bottom material will be fermented according to 40~70 parts of bean dregs, 20~30 parts of apple pomace, 5~15 parts of corn flour, wheat bran 5~15
Part is mixed evenly, for use；
(2) candida utili bacterium solution, bacillus subtilis bacterium solution and aspergillus niger bacterium solution are uniformly mixed, composite fermentation is made
Bacterium solution；
(3) inoculation step (2) described composite zymocyte liquid in step (1) the fermentation bottom material, after mixing, by object
Expect sealed package, composite fermentation protein feed is made in static fermentation.
Preferably, in the step (1), the fermentation bottom material is according to 40~60 parts of bean dregs, 20~25 parts of apple pomace, corn
10~15 parts of powder, 10~15 parts of wheat bran be mixed evenly.
Preferably, in the step (2), the preparation method of the candida utili bacterium solution includes the following steps: to produce
Protein candidiasis accesses in malt extract medium, initial pH6.8~7.0,26 DEG C, 200r/min 24~36h of shaken cultivation, living
Bacterium number is up to 2.0 × 108Cfu/g or more；Candida utili nutrient media components are as follows: yeast extract 3g/L, malt extract 3g/L, egg
White peptone 5g/L, glucose 10g/L, water are settled to 1L；
The preparation method of the bacillus subtilis bacterium solution includes the following steps: bacillus subtilis accessing withered grass gemma
In baccilus medium, 7.0,35 DEG C, 200r/min 24~36h of shaken cultivation of initial pH, viable count is up to 1.8 × 108Cfu/g with
On；Bacillus subtilis nutrient media components are as follows: glucose 25.0g/L, peptone 5.0g/L, beef extract 3.0g/L, yeast leaching
Powder 1.0g/L, MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g/L, MnSO4·H2O 0.005g/L, water are settled to 1L；
The preparation method of the aspergillus niger bacterium solution includes the following steps: to access aspergillus niger in czapek agar medium, just
7.2,35~37 DEG C of 24~36h of culture of beginning pH, viable count is up to 1.2 × 108Cfu/g or more；Czapek agar medium component is such as
Under: sucrose 30g/L, sodium nitrite 3g/L, bitter salt 0.5g/L, potassium chloride 0.5g/L, green vitriol
0.01g/L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 1g/L, agar 13g/L, water are settled to 1L.
Preferably, in the step (2), the composition of the composite zymocyte liquid is black-koji mould by weight: withered grass bud
Spore bacillus: candida utili bacterium=2: 2: 1.
Preferably, in the step (2), the viable count of the composite zymocyte liquid is greater than 108cfu/g。
Preferably, in the step (3), the composite zymocyte liquid is inoculated with by weight 5~15% inoculum concentration.
It is highly preferred that the composite zymocyte liquid is connect by weight 8~10% inoculum concentration in the step (3)
Kind.
Preferably, in the step (3), the material final moisture is adjusted to 30~50%.
It is highly preferred that the material final moisture is adjusted to 35~45% in the step (3).
Preferably, described first to stand 1~2d after mixing in the step (3), then charge material into have and unidirectionally go out
The packaging bag hermetic package of air-valve device.
Preferably, in the step (3), the temperature of the static fermentation is 28~35 DEG C, and the time is 3~5d.
A kind of composite fermentation protein feed, is prepared using above-mentioned preparation method.
Basic principle of the invention:
The present inventor is by a large amount of the study found that bean dregs and a certain amount of apple pomace, corn flour, wheat bran pass through microorganism
Fermentation process can make it become good protein feed, this is to solve pomace and bean dregs pollution environment, turn waste into wealth, alleviate
China's protein feed resources there is a serious shortage of one of important channel.
The present invention selects to produce the stronger bacillus subtilis of protease ability, cellulase-producing and hemicellulase energy first
The stronger aspergillus niger of power and the candida utili bacterium for being good at improvement material flavor are mixed in a certain ratio the compound hair of composition
Yeast-like fungi agent；Secondly inoculation fermentation is carried out to bean dregs, apple pomace, corn flour and wheat bran；Bacillus subtilis starts first when fermentation,
Macromolecular substances in material are degraded into small-molecule substance, so that the growth for other strains provides matrix；Aspergillus niger is by object
For cellulose degradation in material at finely ground particle substance, that improves material digests and absorbs rate；Candida utili bacterium both can be improved
The content of material albumen, and the flavor of material can be improved.
By the synergistic effect between three of the above specified strain and specifically fermentation bottom material, so that finished product has protein content
High, the advantages that fiber content is low, viable bacteria content is high, flavor is good；Also have simultaneously and be obviously improved animal intestinal tract health, improves animal
Immunity and other effects；Bean dregs and apple pomace pollution on the environment can additionally be greatly reduced, significantly alleviation protein feed money
The status of source shortage to reduce feeding cost, and then improves product competitiveness in the market.
Compared with prior art, technical solution of the present invention has the advantages that
(1) present invention is by using microbial fermentation technology, due to microbial bacteria rich in bean dregs and apple pomace
Group, can inhibit the growth of spoilage organisms, to extend its storage time；
(2) the compound protein fermented feed that the present invention is prepared can not only greatly improve bean dregs and the albumen of apple pomace contains
Amount, moreover it is possible to substantially reduce crude fiber content, improve the mouthfeel of distillers grains and dregs raw material, and improve the feed intake of animal；
(3) present invention can generate a large amount of enzymes, advantageously reduce the anti-nutritional factors in raw material, can also synthesize a large amount of work
Nutrition and the hormonal substance such as bacterium, protein, amino acid and various biochemical enzymes, somatomedin have and adjust and improve animal
Each organ dysfunction of body, improves food conversion ratio, and generates a variety of effects such as immune, nutrition and growth stimulation to animal, reaches anti-
Disease is cured the disease, and survival rate is improved, and promotes growth and breeding, reduces cost, eliminates fecaluria stink, environment purification and increasing both production and income, " is become
Waste be changed into values " and other effects.
Specific embodiment
In order to better understand the content of the present invention, it is described further combined with specific embodiments below.It should be understood that these
Embodiment is only used for that the present invention is further described, rather than limits the scope of the invention.In addition, it should also be understood that, having read this
After the content of invention, person skilled in art makes some nonessential changes or adjustment to the present invention, still falls within the present invention
Protection scope.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of composite fermentation protein feed, includes the following steps:
(1) preparation of strain
The preparation method of candida utili bacterium solution (ACCC20060) includes the following steps: to connect candida utili bacterium
Enter in malt extract medium, initial pH6.8~7.0,26 DEG C, 200r/min 24~36h of shaken cultivation, viable count up to 2.0 ×
108Cfu/g or more；Candida utili nutrient media components are as follows: yeast extract 3g/L, malt extract 3g/L, peptone 5g/L, Portugal
Grape sugar 10g/L, water are settled to 1L；
The preparation method of bacillus subtilis bacterium solution (ACCC11025) includes the following steps: to access bacillus subtilis withered
In careless bacillus culture medium, 7.0,35 DEG C, 200r/min 24~36h of shaken cultivation of initial pH, viable count up to 1.8 ×
108Cfu/g or more；Bacillus subtilis nutrient media components are as follows: glucose 25.0g/L, peptone 5.0g/L, beef extract
3.0g/L, yeast extract 1.0g/L, MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g/L, MnSO4·H2O 0.005g/L, water are settled to 1L；
The preparation method of aspergillus niger bacterium solution (ACCC30391) includes the following steps: aspergillus niger accessing Czapek's agar culture
In base, 7.2,35~37 DEG C of 24~36h of culture of initial pH, viable count is up to 1.2 × 108Cfu/g or more；Czapek agar medium
Component is as follows: sucrose 30g/L, sodium nitrite 3g/L, bitter salt 0.5g/L, potassium chloride 0.5g/L, and seven hydrated sulfuric acids are sub-
Iron 0.01g/L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 1g/L, agar 13g/L, water are settled to 1L.
(2) preparation of composite zymocyte liquid
Bacillus subtilis bacterium solution (ACCC11025), the aspergillus niger bacterium solution (ACCC30391), production that step (1) is prepared
Protein Candida bacterium solution (ACCC20060) is mixed by 2: 2: 1 weight ratio respectively, and composite zymocyte liquid, compound hair is made
Viable count is greater than 10 in yeast-like fungi liquid8cfu/g。
(3) preparation of compound protein fermented feed
By 40 parts of bean dregs (moisture content 30~40%), 30 portions of apple pomaces (moisture content 25~30%), 15 portions of corn flour
It is sufficiently mixed uniformly with 15 parts of wheat brans, mixed material to be fermented is prepared；The composite zymocyte that will be prepared in step (2)
Liquid is inoculated with above-mentioned mixed material to be fermented by weight 10% inoculum concentration, and water is added to adjust material final moisture content
To 45%, it is sufficiently mixed homogeneous stationary and places 1~2d；The packaging bag sealing packet with unidirectional gas outlet valve apparatus is charged material into again
Composite fermentation protein feed is made in dress, 28~35 DEG C of 3~5d of static fermentation.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of compound protein fermented feed, includes the following steps:
(1) preparation of strain
Step is the same as embodiment 1
(2) preparation of composite zymocyte liquid
Step is the same as embodiment 1
(3) preparation of compound protein fermented feed
By 50 parts of bean dregs (moisture content 30~40%), 25 portions of apple pomaces (moisture content 25~30%), 15 portions of corn flour
It is sufficiently mixed uniformly with 10 parts of wheat brans, mixed material to be fermented is prepared；The composite zymocyte that will be prepared in step (2)
Liquid is inoculated with above-mentioned mixed material to be fermented by weight 15% inoculum concentration, and water is added to adjust material final moisture content
To 50%, it is sufficiently mixed homogeneous stationary and places 1~2d；The packaging bag sealing packet with unidirectional gas outlet valve apparatus is charged material into again
Composite fermentation protein feed is made in dress, 28~35 DEG C of 3~5d of static fermentation.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of compound protein fermented feed, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of strain
Step is the same as embodiment 1
(2) preparation of composite zymocyte liquid
Step is the same as embodiment 1
(3) preparation of compound protein fermented feed
By 60 parts of bean dregs (moisture content 30~40%), 20 portions of apple pomaces (moisture content 25~30%), 10 portions of corn flour
It is sufficiently mixed uniformly with 10 parts of wheat brans, mixed material to be fermented is prepared；The composite zymocyte that will be prepared in step (2)
Liquid is inoculated with above-mentioned mixed material to be fermented by weight 10% inoculum concentration, and water is added to adjust material final moisture content
To 45%, it is sufficiently mixed homogeneous stationary and places 1~2d；The packaging bag sealing packet with unidirectional gas outlet valve apparatus is charged material into again
Composite fermentation protein feed is made in dress, 28~35 DEG C of 3~5d of static fermentation.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of compound protein fermented feed, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of strain
Step is the same as embodiment 1
(2) preparation of composite zymocyte liquid
Step is the same as embodiment 1
(3) preparation of compound protein fermented feed
By 70 parts of bean dregs (moisture content 30~40%), 20 parts of apple pomaces (moisture content 25~30%), 5 portions of corn flour and
5 parts of wheat brans are sufficiently mixed uniformly, and mixed material to be fermented is prepared；The composite zymocyte liquid that will be prepared in step (2)
Above-mentioned mixed material to be fermented is inoculated with by weight 8% inoculum concentration, and adds water adjustment material final moisture content extremely
35%, it is sufficiently mixed homogeneous stationary and places 1~2d；The packaging bag sealing packet with unidirectional gas outlet valve apparatus is charged material into again
Composite fermentation protein feed is made in dress, 28~35 DEG C of 3~5d of static fermentation.
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of compound protein fermented feed, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of strain
Step is the same as embodiment 1
(2) preparation of composite zymocyte liquid
Step is the same as embodiment 1
(3) preparation of compound protein fermented feed
By 60 parts of bean dregs (moisture content 30~40%), 30 parts of apple pomaces (moisture content 25~30%), 5 portions of corn flour and
5 parts of wheat brans are sufficiently mixed uniformly, and mixed material to be fermented is prepared；The composite zymocyte liquid that will be prepared in step (2)
Above-mentioned mixed material to be fermented is inoculated with by weight 5% inoculum concentration, and adds water adjustment material final moisture content extremely
30%, it is sufficiently mixed homogeneous stationary and places 1~2d；The packaging bag sealing packet with unidirectional gas outlet valve apparatus is charged material into again
Composite fermentation protein feed is made in dress, 28~35 DEG C of 3~5d of static fermentation.
Effect assessment experiment
The present embodiment measures its thick egg to the composite fermentation protein feed being prepared in Examples 1 to 5 and as former state respectively
White content (crude protein determining method: micro-Kjeldahl GB/T 14770) and coarse-fibred content (crude fibre measurement side
Method: filtration method GB/T 6434), and calculate its crude protein growth rate and lignocellulose degradation rate, concrete outcome are detailed in the following table 1:
Comparativeanalysis of the 1 composite fermentation protein feed of table before and after fermentation
It can see by above-mentioned table 1, the preparation method of composite fermentation protein feed of the invention, with microbial fermentation skill
Art compounds control technique with nutrition, carries out fermentation process, the fermentation protein produced to the mixed raw material of bean dregs and apple pomace
Crude protein content of feed is between 25~35%, and crude protein content growth rate is between 49~62%；Crude fiber content 9~
Between 11%, lignocellulose degradation rate is between 29~38%.Above data illustrates that the present invention can not only palatability is poor, tradition
The bean dregs and apple pomace being dropped be developed into palatability is good, crude fiber content is low, crude protein content be up to 25% or more height
Protein feed greatly reduces bean dregs and apple pomace pollution on the environment, really realizes " the turning waste into wealth " of resource；It can also be big
The big status for alleviating protein feed resources shortage to reduce Production of Livestock and Poultry cost, and then improves product competitiveness in the market；Simultaneously
Simple production process of the present invention, the production cycle is shorter, is conducive to industrialized production.
The present invention directly utilizes microbial fermentation technology, cooperates certain nutrition to compound control technique, by bean dregs and apple
Slag, which is mixed in a certain ratio, directly to be developed into a kind of composite fermentation protein feed, and finished product is not required to be dried, and production cost is low, benefit
Raw bacterial content is high, has and is obviously improved animal intestinal tract health, improves the effect of animal immunizing power；Bean dregs can also be greatly reduced simultaneously
And apple pomace pollution on the environment, alleviate the status of protein feed resources shortage significantly, so that Production of Livestock and Poultry cost is reduced,
And then improve product competitiveness in the market.
Above description is not the limitation to invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above.The common skill of the art
For art personnel in the essential scope of invention, the variations, modifications, additions or substitutions made also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of composite fermentation protein feed, which comprises the steps of:
(1) fermentation bottom material is mixed according to 40~70 parts of bean dregs, 20~30 parts of apple pomace, 5~15 parts of corn flour, 5~15 parts of wheat bran
Conjunction stirs evenly, for use；
(2) candida utili bacterium solution, bacillus subtilis bacterium solution and aspergillus niger bacterium solution are uniformly mixed, composite zymocyte is made
Liquid；
(3) inoculation step (2) described composite zymocyte liquid in step (1) the fermentation bottom material, it is after mixing, material is close
Package dress, static fermentation obtain composite fermentation protein feed.
2. a kind of preparation method of composite fermentation protein feed as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (1)
In, the fermentation bottom material is mixed according to 40~60 parts of bean dregs, 20~25 parts of apple pomace, 10~15 parts of corn flour, 10~15 parts of wheat bran
Conjunction stirs evenly.
3. a kind of preparation method of composite fermentation protein feed as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (2)
In, the preparation method of the candida utili bacterium solution includes the following steps: candida utili bacterium accessing brewer's wort culture
In base, initial pH6.8~7.0,26 DEG C, 200r/min 24~36h of shaken cultivation, viable count is up to 2.0 × 108Cfu/g or more；It produces
Protein Candida nutrient media components are as follows: yeast extract 3g/L, malt extract 3g/L, peptone 5g/L, glucose 10g/L, and water is fixed
Hold to 1L；
The preparation method of the bacillus subtilis bacterium solution, includes the following steps: bacillus subtilis accessing bacillus subtilis
In culture medium, 7.0,35 DEG C, 200r/min 24~36h of shaken cultivation of initial pH, viable count is up to 1.8 × 108Cfu/g or more；It is withered
Careless bacillus culture medium component is as follows: glucose 25.0g/L, peptone 5.0g/L, beef extract 3.0g/L, yeast extract
1.0g/L, MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g/L, MnSO4·H2O 0.005g/L, water are settled to 1L；
The preparation method of the aspergillus niger bacterium solution includes the following steps: to access aspergillus niger in czapek agar medium, initial pH
7.2,35~37 DEG C of 24~36h of culture, viable count is up to 1.2 × 108Cfu/g or more；Czapek agar medium component is as follows: sucrose
30g/L, sodium nitrite 3g/L, bitter salt 0.5g/L, potassium chloride 0.5g/L, green vitriol 0.01g/L, phosphoric acid
Hydrogen dipotassium 1g/L, agar 13g/L, water are settled to 1L.
4. a kind of preparation method of composite fermentation protein feed as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (2)
In, the composition of the composite zymocyte liquid is black-koji mould by weight: bacillus subtilis: candida utili bacterium=2: 2:
1。
5. a kind of preparation method of composite fermentation protein feed as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (2)
In, the viable count of the composite zymocyte liquid is greater than 108cfu/g。
6. a kind of preparation method of composite fermentation protein feed as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (3)
In, the composite zymocyte liquid is inoculated with by weight 5~15% inoculum concentration.
7. a kind of preparation method of composite fermentation protein feed as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (3)
In, the material final moisture is adjusted to 30~50%.
8. a kind of preparation method of composite fermentation protein feed as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (3)
In, it is described first to stand 1~2d after mixing, then charge material into the packaging bag hermetic package with unidirectional gas outlet valve apparatus.
9. a kind of preparation method of composite fermentation protein feed as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (3)
In, the temperature of the static fermentation is 28~35 DEG C, and the time is 3~5d.
10. a kind of compound protein fermented feed, is prepared using the preparation method as described in claim 1~9 any one.
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