CN103057541A - 用于混合动力车辆的爬行控制装置及方法 - Google Patents
用于混合动力车辆的爬行控制装置及方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于混合动力车辆的爬行控制系统与方法,其根据与前方车辆距离控制电机的驱动,从而当混合动力车辆变得完全停止时,提供爬行驱动。特别地,检测驱动信息并且作出混合动力车辆是否处于怠速停止且完全静止状态的决定。随后,当混合动力车辆处于怠速停止且完全静止状态时,作出与前方车辆的距离是否大于预定距离的决定。当与前方车辆的距离大于预定距离时,驱动电机以执行爬行驱动。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求了2011年10月19日在韩国知识产权局申请的申请号为10-2011-0107148的韩国专利申请的优先权与权益,其全部内容通过引用合并在此。
技术领域
本发明涉及混合动力车辆,并且尤其涉及用于混合动力车辆的爬行控制装置及方法,其根据与前方车辆的距离控制电机的驱动,从而一旦混合动力车辆完全停止,则提供爬行驱动。
背景技术
安装于典型的内燃机车辆中的自动变速器通过液力变矩器传递来自发动机的动力,并且提供爬行驱动(creep driving),以使得即使当未踩压加速器踏板时,车辆也略微运动,同时以低速运转,并且车辆处于驱动(D)与倒退(R)状态。这允许车辆平滑启动,并且可以辅助车辆避免在车辆非常缓慢运动或临时停止、并随后开始斜坡路时向后滚动。
为了降低成本并且使传递至自动变速器的转矩的损失最小化,混合动力车辆具有安装于发动机与代替液力变矩器的电机之间的发动机离合器。这种不具有安装的液力变矩器的混合动力车辆典型地包括发动机,当静止时,发动机进入怠速停止状态,执行电机驱动的爬行驱动,以降低与典型客车的差异,并且提供舒适的驾驶性能。
在混合动力车辆中,爬行转矩可以根据是否松开制动踏板以及车辆是否静止而改变。例如,当松开制动踏板且车辆静止时,不需要转矩输出,使得控制爬行转矩至最小值,但考虑到车辆的离线响应能力,其不为“0”。
这种混合动力车辆典型地即使在静止时也产生爬行转矩,鉴于启动响应能力,借此发生电机不必要的驱动,造成电池消耗。因此,可能发生发动机对电池的反复充电与放电,造成燃油效率的恶化,并且反复的充电与放电可能造成电池效率的降低。
在背景技术部分所公开的以上信息仅用于提升对本发明的背景技术的理解,并且因此其可能包含不构成本国的本领域技术人员已知的现有技术的信息。
发明内容
本发明作出了努力,以提供一种用于混合动力车辆的爬行控制装置及方法,其具有这样的优势,当混合动力车辆完全静止时,通过根据与前方车辆的距离控制电机的驱动而提供主动爬行控制。
本发明的典型实施例提供一种用于具有发动机与电机的混合动力车辆的爬行控制装置,包括:检测车速的车速检测单元;检测与前方车辆的距离的车间距离检测单元;配置成以来自电池的电压控制电机的驱动的电机控制器;以及混合动力控制器,其被配置成当在驱动过程中检测到来自车速检测单元的信息为完全停止时,分析由车间距离检测单元提供的与前方车辆的距离,并且当与前方车辆的距离超过预定距离时,通过电机控制器控制电机的驱动而执行爬行驱动。
当在通过电机的驱动执行爬行驱动的状态下、与前方车辆的距离变为等于或小于预定距离时,混合动力控制器可以停止电机的驱动。车间距离检测单元可以配置成距离测量传感器,并且可以安装在客舱后视镜或前保险杠上预定的位置。
本发明的另一典型实施例提供一种用于混合动力车辆的爬行控制方法,包括:检测驱动信息,并且确定混合动力车辆是否处于怠速停止且完全静止状态;当混合动力车辆处于怠速停止且完全静止状态时,确定与前方车辆的距离是否大于预定距离;并且当与前方车辆的距离超过预定距离时驱动电机以实现爬行驱动。驱动信息可以包括车速、发动机每分钟转数、制动踏板位移、以及加速器踏板位移信息。在通过驱动电机执行爬行驱动时,当与前方车辆的距离等于或小于预定距离时,可以停止爬行驱动。
根据本发明的典型实施例这种混合动力车辆根据车间距离通过驱动电机而进行爬行驱动,并且当不需要爬行转矩时,不驱动静止状态与低速范围中的电机,因此使电池消耗最小化,并且允许电动车辆(EV)模式中的驱动稳定性。进一步,因为不发生不必要的电池消耗,所以可以最终提供燃油效率的提升,并且可以稳定并保持电池效率。此外,因为本发明可以稳定地保持驾驶者所需的车间距离,可以提供驱动便利性与稳定性。
附图说明
图1为示意性地说明根据本发明的典型实施例的混合动力车辆的爬行控制装置的图。
图2为说明根据本发明的典型实施例的混合动力车辆的爬行控制过程的流程图。
<标记描述>
10:车间距离检测单元
11:车速检测单元
20:HCU
30:MCU
70:电机
具体实施方式
下文中将参照附图更加全面的描述本发明,其中示出了本发明的典型实施例。本领域技术人员应该意识到的是,只要不脱离本发明的精神或范围,则能够以各种不同的方式修改描述的实施例。附图与说明被认为在本质上是示例性的且不是限制性的。
应该理解的是,此处使用的术语“车辆”或“车辆的”或其他相似术语包括通常的机动车,例如包括运动型多用途车(SUV)、公共汽车、货车、各种商用车的客车,包括各种艇与船的船只、飞行器等,还包括混合动力车辆、电动车辆、内燃机、插电式混合动力电动车辆、氢动力车辆与其他替代燃料车辆(例如,从除了石油外的资源中获得的燃料)。
而且,本发明的控制逻辑可以体现为包含由处理器、控制器等执行的可执行程序指令的计算机可读介质上的非临时性计算机可读介质。计算机可读介质的例子包括,但并不限于ROM、RAM、光盘(CD)-ROMs、磁带、软盘、闪存盘、智能卡以及光学数据存储设备。计算机可读介质还可以分布于耦合计算机系统的网络中,以使得以分布式方式,例如,通过服务器或网络存储并且执行计算机可读介质。此外,尽管以使用一个控制单元而实现以上步骤的方式描述了典型实施例,但应该理解的是,通过多个控制单元、控制器、处理器等也可以实现以上步骤。
本发明涉及混合动力车辆爬行控制的技术,并且因为以与典型操作相同的方式实现混合动力车辆的驱动操作,所以将不提供其详细说明。
图1为示意性地说明根据本发明的典型实施例的混合动力车辆的爬行控制装置的图。如图1中示例的,本发明可以包括车间距离检测单元10、车速检测单元11、混合动力控制单元(HCU)20、电机控制单元(MCU)30、电池40、电池管理系统(BMS)50、发动机控制单元(ECU)60、电机70、发动机80、混合动力起动与发电机(HSG)81、离合器90以及变速器100。
更具体的说,车间距离检测单元10可以被配置成检测与前方车辆的距离,并且将其上的信息提供至HCU20。车间距离检测单元10可以是距离测量传感器,并且可以安装于客舱后视镜或前保险杠上预定的位置。
另一方面,车速检测单元11可以被配置成检测来自变速器的输出轴的车速,并且将其上的信息提供至HCU20。HCU20根据驱动需求与车辆状态,由通过网络的各个控制器的集成控制而控制输出转矩,并且根据驱动条件控制离合器90,以提供EV模式与HEV模式驱动。
进一步,当由车速检测单元11提供的信息显示车辆在驱动过程中完全静止时,HCU20分析由车间距离检测单元10提供的与前方车辆的距离,并且当确定本车与前方车辆之间的距离超过预定距离时,确定两车间隔超过预定距离,并且通过MCU30控制电机70的驱动,以执行爬行驱动。当由车间距离检测单元10提供的与前方车辆的距离等于或小于预定距离时,HCU20停止电机70的驱动,以防止电池40不必要的消耗,同时通过由MCU30控制的电机70的驱动而执行爬行驱动。
在以上,除了车速与车间距离信息之外,HCU20可以进一步包括加速踏板与制动踏板上的信息。
通过网络根据由HCU20提供的控制信号,MCU30通过将来自电池40的DC电压转换为三相AC电压来控制电机70的驱动而执行爬行驱动。由从MCU30施加的三相AC电压操作电机70,以产生爬行转矩。MCU30可以包括配置有多个功率切换装置的逆变器,并且功率切换装置可以配置有IGBT(绝缘栅双极晶体管)、金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(MOSFET)或晶体管中的任一个。
电池40由多个单元电池构成,并且存储例如DC350V的高压。BMS50检测电池40操作范围内的每个单元电池的电流、电压以及温度,控制其SOC(电荷状态),并且控制电池40的充电和放电电压,以防止由于过度放电至阈值电压之下或过度充电至阈值电压之上而缩短电池寿命。
ECU60通过网络根据由HCU20施加的控制信号而驱动HSG81,并且进行发动机80的点火“启动”,以提供电池40的充电,且以HEV(混合动力)模式驱动。发动机80具有发动机点火启动/关闭功能以及由ECU60控制的输出,并且具有通过ETC(电子节气门控制)(未示出)控制的其进气量。HSG81作为起动机与发电机操作,并且执行发动机80的点火并产生电压,以提供电池40充电。此外,离合器90可以布置于发动机80与电机70之间,并且根据驱动模式控制发动机80与电机70之间的动力的连接。
包括上述功能的根据本发明的混合动力车辆的爬行控制程序如下进行。
在步骤101中,应用本发明的混合动力车辆处于驱动状态,在步骤102中,HCU20检测由车间距离检测单元10提供的与前方车辆的距离,并且车速检测单元11检测车速。此外还检测发动机每分钟转数、加速踏板、以及制动踏板的信息。
在步骤S103中,HCU20分析检测的信息,以确定发动机点火是否关闭,并且来自车速检测单元11的信息是否显示车辆完全静止。在步骤S103中,当HCU20确定发动机点火关闭且车辆完全静止时,在步骤S104中分析由车间距离检测单元10提供的与前方车辆的距离,并且在步骤S105中确定本车与前方车辆之间的距离是否大于预定距离。
在步骤S105中,当HCU20确定本车完全静止且与前方车辆之间的距离大于预定距离时,在步骤S106中通过MCU30控制电机70的驱动,在S107中执行爬行驱动。例如,通过电机70的驱动执行的爬行驱动速度例如可以保持在大约1-3KPH。
如上所述,在通过利用MCU30控制电机70的驱动而执行爬行驱动的情况下,分析由车间距离确定单元10提供的与前方车辆的距离,并且当距离变成等于或小于预定距离时,在步骤S108中停止电机70的驱动,以防止电池40不必要的消耗。
因此,以上已经描述了示例,其中,根据与前方车辆的距离,以车辆完全静止自动地/动态地控制爬行驱动。此外,可以根据独立开关的选择执行爬行驱动,安装该独立开关用于选择爬行驱动,并且除了与上述操作相同或相似的开关选择外的所有相似技术均将落入本发明的范围中。
尽管已经结合目前被认为是实用的典型实施例描述了本发明,但应该理解的是,本发明并不限于公开的实施例,相反,其旨在覆盖包括在所附权利要求的精神与范围内的各种修改与等同装置。
Claims (9)
1.一种用于混合动力车辆的爬行控制装置,该混合动力车辆具有发动机与电机,所述装置包括:
车速检测单元,其配置成检测车速;
车间距离检测单元,其配置成检测与前方车辆的距离;
电机控制器,其配置成以电池电压控制电机的驱动;
混合动力控制器,其配置成当在驱动过程中检测到来自所述车速检测单元的信息是所述车辆处于完全停止时,分析由所述车间距离检测单元提供的与所述前方车辆的距离,并且当确定与所述前方车辆的距离超过预定距离时,通过由所述电机控制器控制电机的驱动而执行爬行驱动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于混合动力车辆的爬行控制装置,其中:
当正在通过所述电机的驱动执行爬行驱动时,当与所述前方车辆的距离变成等于或小于预定距离时,所述混合动力控制器停止所述电机的驱动。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于混合动力车辆的爬行控制装置,其中:
所述车间距离检测单元被配置成距离测量传感器,并且被安装在后视镜或前保险杠上的预定位置处。
4.一种用于混合动力车辆的爬行控制方法,包括:
通过控制器检测驱动信息,并且确定所述混合动力车辆是否处于怠速停止且完全静止状态;
当所述混合动力车辆处于怠速停止且完全静止状态时,通过控制器确定与前方车辆的距离是否大于预定距离;并且
当与前方车辆的距离大于所述预定距离时,通过控制器驱动电机以执行爬行驱动。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用于混合动力车辆的爬行控制方法,其中:
所述驱动信息包括车速、发动机每分钟转数、制动踏板位移、以及加速踏板位移信息。
6.根据权利要求4所述的用于混合动力车辆的爬行控制方法,其中:
当正在通过驱动所述电机执行所述爬行驱动时,当与前方车辆的距离等于或小于所述预定距离时,停止所述爬行驱动。
7.一种包含由处理器或控制器执行的程序指令的非临时性计算机可读介质,所述计算机可读介质包括:
检测驱动信息,并且确定混合动力车辆是否处于怠速停止且完全静止状态的程序指令;
当所述混合动力车辆处于怠速停止与完全静止状态时,确定与前方车辆的距离是否大于预定距离的程序指令;以及
当与前方车辆的距离大于所述预定的距离时,驱动电机以执行爬行驱动的程序指令。
8.根据权利要求7所述的非临时性计算机可读介质,其中:
所述驱动信息包括车速、发动机每分钟转数、制动踏板位移、以及加速踏板位移信息。
9.根据权利要求7所述的非临时性计算机可读介质,其中:
当正在通过驱动所述电机而执行所述爬行驱动时,当与前方车辆的距离等于或小于所述预定距离时,停止所述爬行驱动。
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