CN102959061B - 用于机动车辆传动装置的润滑剂组合物 - Google Patents

用于机动车辆传动装置的润滑剂组合物 Download PDF

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CN102959061B
CN102959061B CN201180030989.5A CN201180030989A CN102959061B CN 102959061 B CN102959061 B CN 102959061B CN 201180030989 A CN201180030989 A CN 201180030989A CN 102959061 B CN102959061 B CN 102959061B
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compound
lubricant compositions
ester
molybdenum
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CN102959061A (zh
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埃马纽埃尔·马特雷
理查德·韦尔奈
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TotalEnergies Marketing Services SA
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Abstract

本发明涉及润滑剂组合物，其包含：(a)有机钼化合物；(b)一种或更多种抗磨损和极压添加剂，其选自噻(二)唑；(c)一种或更多种含磷的或含磷-硫的抗磨损和极压添加剂，其选自亚磷酸盐/酯、磷酸盐/酯、膦酸盐/酯、硫代磷酸盐/酯或硫代亚磷酸盐/酯，所述润滑剂组合物的钼质量含量为90ppm至350ppm。用于润滑齿轮箱的用途。

Description

用于机动车辆传动装置的润滑剂组合物
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑剂组合物，特别是用于机动车传动装置的润滑剂组合物，特别地涉及用于手动齿轮箱的润滑剂组合物。
背景技术
机动车辆的传动装置部件在高负荷下以高速运转。因此，用于这些传动装置的油应在防止零件磨损和疲劳以及特别是防止齿轮齿发生剥落现象中特别有效。
剥落发生在长时间老化之后，之前可见劣化。该机制尚不完全清楚，但是该现象是这样开始的：在表面下的一定深度处发生裂纹，这些裂纹扩展，当在表面产生正常裂纹时，小片突然脱离。
预防该现象需要通过零件的合适的几何构型以及通过在避免粘合的同时减小摩擦以减小接触应力。润滑剂主要通过其添加剂的物理化学反应性来参与该预防过程。
一般添加硫、磷、磷-硫或硼酸盐抗磨损和极压添加剂以提供具有防止剥落的特性的传动装置油。存在于润滑剂中的其它添加剂还可以对零件内侧裂纹的扩展具有正面影响或负面影响，并因此影响剥落现象。
在手动齿轮箱中，同步器的存在引起额外的应力。事实上，这些部件包括锥和环器件，需要特别地控制锥和环器件之间的摩擦：该摩擦应足以使齿轮同步化，但这样锥和环就必然有脱离的可能性，因为否则的话同步器会发生阻塞。
此外，如果摩擦水平不适于零件的几何构型，那么锥-环组合件就会发生磨损。
可以通过在这些用于齿轮箱的油中添加摩擦改性剂来调节摩擦水平。
因此，在用于手动齿轮箱的油中，抗磨损、极压添加剂和摩擦改性剂可共存，它们都对零件的表面具有作用，并且潜在地影响摩擦水平和剥落现象。
高度地防止剥落、避免磨损及同步器阻塞，以及使得齿轮易于更换的用于手动齿轮箱的油制剂基于摩擦改性剂、抗磨损和极压添加剂的选择和具体用量。
已知如何配制包含以下的润滑剂组合物：有机钼摩擦改性剂化合物和特别是用以提高这些油的抗磨损特性的有机磷和/或有机硫和/或有机磷-硫抗磨损和极压化合物。
美国专利6,806,241公开了包含以下的润滑剂组合物：通过反应1摩尔的脂肪(其可为甘油酯或脂肪酸)、1摩尔至2.5摩尔的二乙醇胺和足以获得包含基于复合物重量的按重量计0.1％至12％的钼的量的钼源而制备的钼复合物；噻二唑化合物和任选的二硫代磷酸盐/酯。未给出包含钼(质量含量为90ppm至350ppm)、硫和磷二者的组合物的具体实施例。
EP申请0874040公开了用于内燃机的润滑剂，其包含：通过反应1摩尔的脂肪(其可为甘油酯或脂肪酸)、1至2.5摩尔的二乙醇胺和足以获得包含基于复合物重量的按重量计0.1％至12％的钼的量的钼源而制备的钼复合物；和选自二巯基噻二唑、双二硫代氨基甲酸盐/酯、二硫代氨基甲酸盐/酯、二硫代磷酸盐/酯的有机硫化合物。
未示出钼复合物与一种或更多种所述有机硫化合物复合的具体组合，也未示出包含于润滑剂组合物中的钼的量。实施例表明复合物的量在润滑剂中占0.5重量％至1.5重量％，其对应于在润滑剂中钼含量为5ppm至1800ppm。钼含量过高或过低都不适于配制用于齿轮箱的润滑剂。事实上，剥落或同步器阻塞的问题可有此产生。硫和/或磷-硫添加剂的选择和用量也是如此。
申请WO2005035700公开了包含以下的润滑剂组合物：选自二硫代磷酸钼或二硫代氨基甲酸钼的有机钼化合物和抗磨损化合物(其可为二巯基噻二唑)。该申请未公开具体的钼含量与使用噻唑作为抗磨损和极压试剂的组合。
使用二硫代磷酸盐/酯或二硫代氨基甲酸盐/酯的形式的钼还能够产生其它磨损和/或同步器阻塞以及可能的剥落的问题。
然而，现有技术的基于钼、硫和/或磷的组合物与主要用于配制用于内燃机的油的抗氧化剂和抗磨损剂的领域相关。
特别地，现有技术的这些组合物不具有具体剂量的Mo元素和使得所述组合物令人满意地具有防止剥落和同步器磨损以及避免同步器阻塞两个特性的硫和磷的充分存在。因此，这些组合物不适于润滑机动车辆的齿轮箱，特别是手动齿轮箱。
在用于手动齿轮箱的已知油中，硼酸盐油具有上述不同特性的极佳折衷。可以配制这些油而无需任何硫、磷或磷-硫化合物，并且到目前为止，在防止剥落和同步器磨损方面，没有任何基于硫、磷或磷-硫添加剂的技术能够示出达到硼酸盐所获得的性能水平的可能性。
虽然它们具有极佳的极压性能和许多优点，但是硼酸盐的使用也不理想，因为存在水污染润滑剂的危险。事实上，无机硼酸盐部分地溶于水，存在于分子中的水的量可增加，这具有改变硼酸盐的结构的效果。因此，在介质中显著量的水的存在下，硼酸盐的结构发生改变，它们可以结晶从而形成大小大于100nm的刀样晶体。在这种情况下，硼酸盐可以阻塞齿轮箱中的同步系统。
因此，硼酸盐油的使用需要具有防水系统的特定设计的手动齿轮箱，其具有理想地应避免的复杂度和成本。
因此，存在对用于机动车辆齿轮箱(特别是手动齿轮箱)之油的需要，所述油使得防止齿轮齿的剥落现象，使得限制同步器磨损及避免它们阻塞，使得易于更换齿轮以及对水不敏感(其可不包含硼酸盐或降低水平的硼酸盐)。
本发明的目的是润滑剂组合物及其在润滑齿轮箱、特别是机动车辆中的齿轮箱中的用途，所述润滑剂组合物包含酯-酰胺类型的钼复合物和含硫的极压添加剂和含磷的或磷-硫极压添加剂。特别相关的用途涉及机动车辆的手动齿轮箱。
发明内容
本发明的目的是润滑剂组合物，其包含：
(a)有机钼化合物；
(b)一种或更多种抗磨损和极压添加剂，其选自噻(二)唑；
(c)一种或更多种含磷的和/或磷-硫抗磨损和极压添加剂，其选自亚磷酸盐/酯、磷酸盐/酯、膦酸盐/酯、硫代磷酸盐/酯或硫代亚磷酸盐/酯。
所述润滑剂组合物的钼质量含量为90ppm至350ppm。
优选地，本发明润滑剂组合物的钼质量含量为100ppm至200ppm，优选140ppm至180ppm。
优选地，本发明润滑剂组合物的磷质量含量为500ppm至700ppm，更优选520ppm至650ppm。
根据一个实施方案，本发明的润滑剂组合物包含至少一种硫代磷酸盐/酯，优选至少一种二硫代磷酸盐/酯，优选至少一种二硫代磷酸胺，作为化合物(c)。
根据一个优选的实施方案，本发明的润滑剂组合物包含至少一种噻二唑，优选至少一种二巯基噻二唑，作为化合物(b)。
本发明的润滑剂组合物可包含按质量计0.35％至1％的噻唑，优选按质量计0.35％至1％的二巯基噻二唑。
根据一个优选的实施方案，本发明的润滑剂组合物包含通过反应以下而获得的钼的至少一种有机复合物，作为化合物(a)：
(i)甘油单酯、甘油二酯或甘油三酯或者脂肪酸类型的脂肪，
(ii)式(I)的胺源：
其中，X1和X2是O或N，并且当X1或X2是O时，n和m＝1；当X1或X2是N时，n和m＝2，
(iii)钼源，其选自三氧化钼或钼酸盐，优选钼酸铵，其量为足以提供基于所述复合物的重量之0.1％至20.0％的钼。
优选地，化合物(ii)是二乙醇胺或2-(2-氨基乙基)氨基乙醇。
优选地，脂肪(i)是包含4至28个碳原子、优选8至18个碳原子的脂肪酸的甘油单酯、甘油二酯或甘油三酯，或者包含4至28个碳原子、优选8至18个碳原子的脂肪酸。
根据一个优选的实施方案，钼复合物(a)由单独的或者作为混合物的至少一种以下化合物组成：
其中，X1和X2是O或N，并且
●当X1是O时，n＝1；当X2是O时，m＝1；
●当X1是N时，n＝2；当X2是N时，m＝2；
其中，R1和R2是包含3至27个碳原子、优选7至17个碳原子的脂肪烃链。
根据一个更优选的实施方案，钼复合物(a)由至少一种对应于下式的化合物组成：
其中，R1是包含3至27个碳原子、优选7至27个碳原子的脂肪烃链。
根据另一优选的实施方案，钼复合物(a)由至少一种对应于下式的化合物组成：
其中，R1是包含3至27个碳原子、优选7至27个碳原子的脂肪烃链。
本发明还涉及上述组合物在润滑齿轮箱、特别是机动车辆的齿轮箱中的用途。
根据一个优选的实施方案，本发明涉及上述组合物在润滑手动齿轮箱、特别是机动车辆的手动齿轮箱中的用途。
具体实施方式
有机钼化合物：本发明的润滑剂组合物可以包含可溶于油的任意有机钼化合物，特别地但非限制性地为二硫代磷酸钼和二硫代磷酸氨基甲酸钼以及钼的各种有机复合物如羧酸钼、钼酯、酰胺钼，它们可以通过反应钼氧化物或钼酸铵与脂肪、甘油酯或脂肪酸或者脂肪酸衍生物(酯、胺、酰胺...)来获得。
优选地，本发明的润滑剂组合物包含不含硫和磷的钼复合物，所述复合物具有酰胺类型的配体，其主要是通过反应钼源(其可例如为三氧化钼)、胺和例如包含4至28个碳原子、优选8至18个碳原子的脂肪酸衍生物(如包含于植物或动物油中的脂肪酸)来制备。
这样的化合物的合成例如描述于专利US4,889,647、EP0546357、US5,412,130、EP1770153中。
这些钼的有机复合物可以通过反应以下来获得：
(i)甘油单酯、甘油二酯或甘油三酯或者脂肪酸类型的脂肪；
(ii)式(I)的胺源；
其中，X1和X2是O或N，当X1或X2是O时，n和m＝1；当X1或X2是N时，n和m＝2；
(iii)钼源，其选自三氧化钼或钼酸盐，优选钼酸铵，其量为足以提供基于复合物的重量的0.1％至20.0％的钼。
它们一般包含基于复合物的重量的按重量计7％至8.5％的钼。
特别地，根据一个实施方案，本发明组合物的有机钼化合物由单独的或者作为混合物的至少一种以下化合物组成：
其中，X1和X2是O或N，并且
●当X1是O时，n＝1；当X2是O时，m＝1；
●当X1是N时，n＝2；当X2是N时，m＝2；
其中，R1和R2是包含3至27个碳原子、优选7至17个碳原子的脂肪烃链。
根据一个实施方案，本发明组合物的钼复合物是通过反应以下而制备的：
(i)甘油单酯、甘油二酯或甘油三酯或者脂肪酸类型的脂肪酸；
(ii)二乙醇胺或2-(2-氨基乙基)氨基乙醇；
(iii)钼源，其选自三氧化钼或钼酸盐，优选钼酸铵，其量为足以提供基于复合物的重量之0.1％至20.0％的钼。
特别地，根据一个实施方案，本发明组合物的有机钼化合物是由单独的或作为混合物的下述化合物(IV)或(V)中的至少一种组成：
其中，R1是包含3至27个碳原子、优选7至27个碳原子的脂肪烃链。
调节本发明组合物中的有机钼化合物的含量使得所述组合物的钼质量含量为90ppm至350ppm，优选100ppm至200ppm，甚至更优选140ppm至180ppm。
钼含量过低产生同步器阻塞和同步器的锥-环组合件的潜在磨损问题。
在另一方面，钼含量过高对剥落具有不利作用。
噻(二)唑
噻(二)唑是在五原子的环中包含硫原子和氮原子二者的化合物。苯并噻唑是特殊类型的噻(二)唑。除在每个5原子环中包含硫原子和氮原子的环状化合物以外，该术语噻(二)唑还包括在这样的环中包含硫原子和两个氮原子的噻二唑。
这些化合物可以未被取代或者被增加其在油中的可溶性的烃化合物所取代。
根据一个实施方案，本发明润滑剂组合物的噻(二)唑是未被取代的苯并噻唑、噻唑、噻二唑。
根据一个优选的实施方案，本发明组合物的噻(二)唑是二巯基噻二唑，例如2，5-二巯基-1，3，4-噻二唑、3，5-二巯基-1，2，4-噻二唑、3，4-二巯基-1，2，4-噻二唑、4，5-二巯基-1，2，3-噻二唑、3-甲基巯基-噻二唑、5-巯基-1，2，4-噻二唑。
所有这些化合物可单独使用或者作为混合物使用。
通常，噻(二)唑占本发明组合物的按质量计的0.35％至1％。
优选地，本发明组合物包含按质量计0.35％至1％、优选0.35％至0.45％的二巯基噻二唑。
含磷化合物或磷-硫化合物：
本发明润滑剂组合物的含磷化合物是抗磨损和极压添加剂如磷酸盐/酯、亚磷酸盐/酯或膦酸盐/酯。这些术语既指代磷酸、亚磷酸、膦酸，它们的单酯、二酯和三酯，例如磷酸烷基酯、膦酸烷基酯、磷酸烷基酯，也指代它们的盐，例如胺盐。
本发明中使用的磷-硫抗磨损和极压添加剂是(单-或二-)硫代磷酸盐/酯和硫代亚磷酸盐/酯，这些术语包括硫代磷酸和硫代亚磷酸、这些酸的酯、这些酸的盐、二硫代亚磷酸盐/酯和二硫代磷酸盐/酯。
根据一个优选的实施方案，本发明组合物的磷-硫抗磨损和极压添加剂是对应于式(VI)的硫代磷酸盐/酯：
其中，X3和X4彼此独立地为S或O，至少其中之一为S，R3和R4是氢或具有1至22个碳原子的烷基基团，M是元素周期表第IIA、III、VA、VIA、IB、VIB、VIII族的金属，n为所述金属的化合价，或者M是由式(R5)(R6)(R7)N的伯胺、仲胺或叔胺形成的铵，在式(R5)(R6)(R7)N中，R5、R6、R7是氢或包含1至18个碳原子的烷基基团，则n＝1。
更优选的化合物是二硫代磷酸盐(X3和X4是硫)，优选锌或胺的二硫代磷酸盐。二硫代磷酸胺是更优选的化合物。
作为磷-硫抗磨损和极压添加剂的例子，可以提及硫代磷酸单丁酯、硫代磷酸单辛酯、硫代磷酸单月桂酯、硫代磷酸二丁酯、硫代磷酸二月桂酯、硫代磷酸三丁酯、硫代磷酸三辛酯、硫代磷酸三苯酯、硫代磷酸三月桂酯、硫代亚磷酸单丁酯、硫代亚磷酸单辛酯、硫代亚磷酸单月桂酯、硫代亚磷酸二丁酯、硫代亚磷酸二月桂酯、硫代亚磷酸三丁酯、硫代亚磷酸三辛酯、硫代亚磷酸三苯酯、硫代亚磷酸三月桂酯及其盐。
硫代磷酸和硫代亚磷酸的酯的例子是通过与含氮化合物(如氨或胺)或者氧化锌或氯化锌反应而获得的那些。
优选地，调节这些添加剂的量以使本发明油的磷质量含量为500ppm至700ppm，优选520ppm至650ppm。
抗磨损和极压元素(硫和磷)的含量过低将产生剥落问题。
此外，抗磨损和极压元素(以及摩擦改性剂，包括有机钼化合物)的含量过高将对更换齿轮具有不利作用：锥-环摩擦系数将过低，这阻止齿轮的同步化，从而阻止齿轮的更换。
此外，出于环境原因，期望将润滑剂组合物中硫和磷的含量限制为所需要的量。
其与本发明润滑剂的钼含量组合提供了获得更佳的抗剥落、同步抗磨损特性以及避免同步器阻塞二者的可能性。
因此，这3个特性之间的最有效的折衷取决于摩擦改性剂、抗磨损和极压化合物的具体用量，并因此取决于来自这些化合物的Mo元素、S元素和P元素的具体用量。
基料：
本发明组合物可以包含适于其使用的任意类型的动物的或植物的、合成的或天然的矿物润滑剂基料。
本发明组合物中所使用的基础油可以是如上所述单独的或者作为混合物的根据API分类(或者根据ATIEL分类的其等同变体)中定义类别的I～V类的矿物来源或合成来源的油。
本发明的矿物基础油包括通过原油的常压和真空蒸馏，随后进行精炼操作例如溶剂萃取、脱沥青、溶剂脱蜡、加氢处理、加氢裂解和加氢异构化、加氢精制得到的所有类型的基础油。
本发明组合物的基础油也可以是合成油，例如羧酸和醇的某些酯或聚α烯烃，用作基础油的聚α烯烃是例如由具有4～32个碳原子(例如辛烷、庚烯)的单体获得的，100℃下的粘度为1.5cSt至15cSt。其重均分子量通常为250～3000。还可以使用合成油与矿物油的混合物。
若非所述润滑剂应当具有特别是粘性、粘度指数、硫含量、耐氧化等适用于齿轮箱、特别是用于机动车辆的齿轮箱、特别是手动齿轮箱的特性，那么对使用所述润滑剂基料生产本发明的组合物无任何限制。
优选地，润滑剂基料占本发明润滑剂组合物的按质量计的至少50％、优选至少60％或者至少70％。通常，它们占本发明组合物的按质量计的至少75％至90％。
优选地，本发明的润滑剂组合物包含根据API分类的I和/或III类矿物基料，或者IV类的合成基料。
其它添加剂：
本发明的润滑剂组合物还可包含适于其使用的任意类型的添加剂，如胺或酚抗氧化剂如二苯胺或其至少一个邻位被烷基基团取代的酚、洗涤剂如磺酸盐。
用于提高粘度指数(VI增强剂)的试剂优选地以按质量计5％至25％的含量存在，以赋予适于用于齿轮箱中、特别是机动车齿轮箱中、优选手动齿轮箱中的粘度特性，所述试剂例如聚甲基丙烯酸酯(PMA)、聚异丁烯(PIB)或脂肪酸酯...。
实施例：
所制备的润滑剂组合物的质量组成以及关于同步器磨损、同步器阻塞、剥落的性能示于下文中的表1中。
在以下条件下进行剥落测试：
BCFPSermesBench
RenaultJR5-125齿轮箱，1对差动装置14×63，副轴8200280045和环8200280134，3对28×37的主轴8200107846和空转小齿轮3°7700114048
2.3升油，油温110℃
输入扭矩：148mN
初速3000rpm
持续时间：3个阶段的142小时
每142小时，改变主轴，空转小齿轮3°和辊轴承。
剥落表面的评价：
426小时的小齿轮/差动装置环配对之后的最终得分，
142小时的3对28×37主轴/空转小齿轮3°之后的得分
根据这些零件的得分结果，视其通过(得分令人满意)或者未通过(剥落表面太大)。
在以下条件下针对锥-环进行阻塞同步器测试(SYNC-40方法)：
54mm的螺纹铜环，例如ref7700708152或7700869430
空转小齿轮齿轮箱JXX的锥，磨光精制的氮化碳钢，例如ref7700867612或7700740880
油：250ml的油，小齿轮与环中间处的油水平
SAE2/A机械式SAE/2同步器适配器
I＝0.155m2/kg
N＝300rpm
F＝60daN
T＝6秒(两个连续制动操作之间的连续期)
n＝10125齿轮变化周期(21小时)
如果在10125个齿轮改变循环过程中，其中锥与环之间的脱离需要施加大于2mN的反抗扭矩的循环数目为至多100个循环，则通过同步器阻塞测试。
在以下条件下针对锥-环对进行同步器磨损测试(方法SYNC-13，SAE2-A)：
54mm的螺纹铜环，例如ref7700708152或7700869430
空转小齿轮齿轮箱JXX的锥，磨光精制的氮化碳钢，例如ref7700867612或7700740880
油：125ml的油，环的下部的油水平
SAE2/A机械式SAE/2同步器适配器
I＝0.155m2/kg
N＝600rpm
F＝60daN
T＝3.5秒(两个连续制动操作之间的连续期)
n＝20000齿轮改变周期(20小时)
在这20000个循环结束时：以mm测量同步器环/齿轮锥对的轴向磨损。其应当至多为约0.30mm以使得可接收(通过)。小于0.15mm的磨损是极佳的性能。大于1mm的磨损是不合格的(防护补偿)。
讨论：
本发明的油A和B：油C和D是硼酸盐油，其对水敏感。
在同步器的磨损方面，油A和B具有与硼酸盐油等同的性能水平，并同样通过了阻塞和剥落测试。
油E包含与油A相同的抗磨损和极压添加剂，以及亚磷酸盐/磷酸盐类型的含磷化合物；这种油E不包含任何具有钼的摩擦改性剂。同步器的磨损在不可接受的水平(0.84mm)。
油F、G、H与本发明的油具有相同的添加剂-含硫的和磷-硫抗磨损和极压试剂，但还包含多种不含钼的摩擦改性剂。使用这些油的同步器磨损非常显著。
油I和L与本发明的油具有相同的添加剂-含硫的及硫-磷抗磨损和极压试剂，并且包含酯酰胺类型的具有钼的摩擦改性剂。油I的酯Mo含量为400ppm，在剥落方面该油未通过。
油L的Mo质量含量为80ppm，在同步器阻塞方面该油未通过。
油J与本发明的油具有相同的添加剂-含硫的和磷-硫抗磨损和极压试剂，但不包含任何钼。存在脂肪酸单酯作为磨损改性剂。在同步器阻塞方面，该油未通过。
油K与本发明的油具有相同的添加剂-含硫的和磷-硫抗磨损和极压试剂，并且不包含任何钼。其不包含任何摩擦改性剂。在同步阻塞方面，该油未通过。
油M和N不包含作为含硫化合物的任何噻唑。油M也不含钼。在剥落方面，这些油得到了特别灾难性的结果。应当注意这些油不包含任何二巯基噻二唑。

Claims (15)

1.一种齿轮箱润滑剂组合物，其包含：
(a)有机钼化合物；
(b)一种或更多种抗磨损和极压添加剂，其选自噻唑、噻二唑、烃取代的噻唑和烃取代的噻二唑；
(c)一种或更多种含磷的和/或磷-硫抗磨损和极压添加剂，其选自亚磷酸盐/酯、磷酸盐/酯、膦酸盐/酯、硫代磷酸盐/酯或硫代亚磷酸盐/酯，
(d)至少一种基础油；
所述润滑剂组合物的钼质量含量为140ppm至180ppm并且磷质量含量为500ppm至700ppm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的润滑剂组合物，其包含至少一种硫代磷酸盐/酯，作为化合物(c)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的润滑剂组合物，其包含至少一种二硫代磷酸盐/酯，作为化合物(c)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的润滑剂组合物，其包含至少一种噻二唑，作为化合物(b)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的润滑剂组合物，其包含按质量计0.35％至1％的噻唑。
6.根据权利要求1所述的润滑剂组合物，其包含至少一种二巯基噻二唑，作为化合物(b)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的润滑剂组合物，其包含按质量计0.35％至1％的二巯基噻二唑。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的润滑剂组合物，其包含通过反应以下而获得的钼的至少一种有机复合物，作为化合物(a)：
(i)甘油单酯、甘油二酯或甘油三酯或者脂肪酸类型的脂肪；
(ii)式(I)的胺源：
其中，X1和X2是O或N，并且当X1或X2是O时，n和m＝1；当X1或X2是N时，n和m＝2，
(iii)钼源，其选自三氧化钼或钼酸盐，其量为足以提供基于所述复合物的重量的0.1％至20.0％的钼。
9.根据权利要求8所述的润滑剂组合物，其中所述化合物(ii)是二乙醇胺或2-(2-氨基乙基)氨基乙醇。
10.根据权利要求8所述的润滑剂组合物，其中所述脂肪(i)是包含4至28个碳原子的脂肪酸的甘油单酯、甘油二酯或甘油三酯，或者包含4至28个碳原子的脂肪酸。
11.根据权利要求8所述的润滑剂组合物，其中所述化合物(a)由单独的或者作为混合物的至少一种以下化合物组成：
其中，X1和X2是O或N，并且
●当X1是O时，n＝1；当X2是O时，m＝1；
●当X1是N时，n＝2；当X2是N时，m＝2；
其中，R1和R2是包含3至27个碳原子的脂肪烃链。
12.根据权利要求8所述的润滑剂组合物，其中所述化合物(a)由至少一种对应于下式的化合物组成：
其中，R1是包含3至27个碳原子的脂肪烃链。
13.根据权利要求8所述的润滑剂组合物，其中所述化合物(a)由至少一种对应于下式的化合物组成：
其中，R1是包含3至27个碳原子的脂肪烃链。
14.根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的组合物在润滑齿轮箱中的用途。
15.根据权利要求14所述的用途，其中所述齿轮箱是手动齿轮箱。
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