CN102919081A

CN102919081A - Organic matrix applicable to greenhouse fruit and vegetable cultivation

Info

Publication number: CN102919081A
Application number: CN2012104355225A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈家翔; 杨忠伟; 欧小青; 戴洪涛; 梁统模; 朱斌
Original assignee: BEIHAI INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Current assignee: BEIHAI INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Priority date: 2012-11-05
Filing date: 2012-11-05
Publication date: 2013-02-13

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic matrix applicable to greenhouse fruit and vegetable cultivation. In greenhouse cultivation techniques, that different cultivation purposes are achieved by using different cultivation matrixes is a basic measure, and accordingly, large technological development space is left for preparing appropriate matrixes in the greenhouse cultivation techniques. According to the organic matrix, bagasse, boiler ashes after bagasse burning in sugar refineries and livestock manure serve as main materials to prepare the organic matrix applicable to greenhouse fruit and vegetable cultivation. Nutritional ingredients in the organic matrix are easy to be absorbed by fruit and vegetable plants as the organic matrix is prepared through a natural fermentation process, contact of fruit and vegetable plant root systems with soil is avoided when the organic matrix is used for cultivation simultaneously, and accordingly, fruit and vegetable nematode diseases are almost prevented and successive cropping obstacles are overcome; and greenhouses planting is combined, all year continuous cropping production of fruits and vegetables can be achieved, market supplies are guaranteed, and production of top-grade fruits and vegetables of muskmelons, colorful pimentos and the like in southern China can be achieved.

Description

A kind of organic substrate of suitable booth melon dish cultivation

Technical field

What the present invention relates to is a kind of organic substrate of suitable booth melon dish cultivation, belongs to the agriculture cultivation technology field.

Background technology

At present, utilizing greenhouse cultivation melon dish has been very ripe technology, in the greenhouse cultivation technology, utilizing different cultivation matrixes to reach different cultivation purposes, is a kind of basic measure, therefore in the greenhouse cultivation technology, the matrix that preparation is fit to has very large technical development space.Traditional booth melon dish cultivation matrix is inorganic organic mixed-matrix mostly, and generally with 1～2 kind of inorganic matrix mixing 2-3 kind organic substrate, because the cinder of inorganic matrix, river sand, haydite, perlite etc. are heavier, carrying need be exerted; The agricultural crop straw of organic substrate, mushroom slag then need to pulverize, so total workload is bigger than normal; Because containing the compositions such as cinder, river sand in the matrix, change the unsuitable direct returning to farmland of the matrix of eliminating and use simultaneously.In addition, number be the Chinese invention patent of CN100998306B such as Granted publication, a kind of soilless culture substrate and preparation method thereof is disclosed.Bagasse, coconut palm slag, straw and walnut shell are mixed with perlite, diatomite, after pulverizing, ferment, sterilizing, make required matrix.Add on this basis adhesive, blowing agent and vulcanizing agent, through further processing, this matrix also can be made into the preformed matrix of arbitrary shape again.Publication number is the Chinese invention patent application of CN101473781A, discloses a kind of ecological organic substrate for soilless culture, comprises pig manure, humus soil and perlite.Above-mentioned disclosed document, all solved to a certain extent the problem of cultivation matrix, has certain progressive meaning, but also exist simultaneously deficiency, the general character of these matrix needs to have perlite, diatomite as carrier exactly, these carriers all are inorganic material, obviously these all are organic cultivation matrixes made from inorganic material, be not suitable for the needs of greenhouse cultivation, therefore, exploitation a kind ofly has more environment protection significance, cost is lower and easy to drawing materials and be fit to the organic culture substrate that the cultivation of booth melon dish uses and be very important more.

Summary of the invention

Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of organic substrate of suitable booth melon dish cultivation, it is existing to overcome existing inorganic or inorganic and organic mixed-matrix, preparation cost is high, the not reproducible use of matrix, nutrition is not comprehensive, result of use is undesirable, and matrix not directly causes the deficiency of contaminated environment and use in the field.

For achieving the above object, the present invention has taked following technical measures, and a kind of organic substrate of suitable booth melon dish cultivation is prepared by following method:

(1) by bagasse: es: manure of livestock and poultry fertilizer is the volume ratio of 3-5:3-5:1, gets above-mentioned three kinds of raw materials and mixes, and it is for subsequent use to get mixed-matrix;

(2) add the ratio of superphosphate 45-55kg, urea 6～8kg in mixed-matrix 8-12 cubic meter, adding superphosphate and urea fully mixes thoroughly, then build up the heap of 3-30 cubic meter, or place container, cover film spontaneous fermentation 2～3 months, be dried to water content 10-30%, pack and get final product.

Described bagasse refers to and has pressed the later dry sugarcane residue of sugar;

Described es refers to the ashes behind sugar refinery boiler combustion bagasse;

Described manure of livestock and poultry fertilizer refers to a kind of or any proportioning of Dry chick faeces, duck excrement, goose excrement, quail excrement, pig manure, cow dung.

Take the present invention of above-mentioned measure, raw materials used is the combination of organic matter material and inorganic fertilizer, rational scientific matching, the planting requirement that is fit to very much booth melon dish, especially adopt sugarcane to press discarded bagasse after the sugar as raw material, utilized the nutriments such as the nitrogen that is transformed after the bagasse fibre fermentation, calcium.Used primary raw material all is recyclings of discarded object, the convenience, simple of drawing materials.When gained matrix of the present invention is used, at the booth of ploughing and building, can directly make cultivating groove by the certain size ditching on the ground, spread film at bottom of trench and fill up cultivation matrix and just can plant, not destroying ploughs is conducive to second ploughing; And on ground when hard soil is built booth and cultivated, surround the shape of cultivating groove with vertical brick, and spreading film to fill out and put matrix and can plant, operation is comparatively convenient, saving of work and time.Gained matrix of the present invention is because the process by spontaneous fermentation in the preparation, nutrient component in the matrix is easily absorbed by melon dish plant, simultaneously because avoided contacting of melon dish root system and soil when using this substrate culture, so almost stop the generation of melon dish root nematode disease, and overcome continuous cropping obstacle; Be combined with greenhouse gardening, can realize that the anniversary continuous cropping of melon dish is produced, ensure the market supply, can realize that the high-grade melon dishes such as high-quality thick-skinned melon, colored bell pepper produce at southern area simultaneously.Be conducive to promote the development of characteristic high-efficiency agriculture, promote growth of agricultural efficiency, increasing peasant income.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

(1) get 20 cubic metres of bagasse, 20 cubic metres of sugar refinery es, fertile 5 cubic metres of manure of livestock and poultry, above-mentioned three kinds of raw materials mix, and it is for subsequent use to get mixed-matrix;

(2) add superphosphate 215kg, urea 30kg in mixed-matrix and fully mix thoroughly, then build up 10 cubic metres heap, then cover film spontaneous fermentation 2 months be dried to water content 15%, packs and get final product.

Embodiment 2

(1) get 50 cubic metres of bagasse, 50 cubic metres of sugar refinery es, fertile 10 cubic metres of manure of livestock and poultry, above-mentioned three kinds of raw materials mix, and it is for subsequent use to get mixed-matrix;

(2) add superphosphate 605kg, urea 88kg in mixed-matrix and fully mix thoroughly, then build up 10 cubic metres heap, then cover film spontaneous fermentation 3 months be dried to water content 15%, packs and get final product.

Embodiment 3

(1) get 30 cubic metres of bagasse, 30 cubic metres of sugar refinery es, fertile 10 cubic metres of manure of livestock and poultry, get above-mentioned three kinds of raw materials and mix, it is for subsequent use to get mixed-matrix;

(2) in mixed-matrix, add superphosphate 350kg, urea 42kg and fully mix thoroughly, be sealed in the container spontaneous fermentation 2 months, then take out and be dried to water content 15%, packing and get final product.

Claims

1. the organic substrate of a suitable booth melon dish cultivation, by following method preparation:

(1) is the volume ratio of 3-5:3-5:1 than es than manure of livestock and poultry fertilizer by bagasse, gets above-mentioned three kinds of raw materials and mix that it is for subsequent use to get mixed-matrix;

(2) in the ratio of mixed-matrix 8-12 cubic meter adding calcium phosphate 45-55kg, urea 6～8kg, add calcium phosphate and urea and fully mix thoroughly, then build up the heap of 3-30 cubic meter, or place container, cover film spontaneous fermentation 2～3 months is dried to water content 10-30%, packs and get final product.