CN102860244A - Mountainous region sunny slope afforestation method for taxus mairei - Google Patents
Mountainous region sunny slope afforestation method for taxus mairei Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mountainous region sunny slope afforestation method for taxus mairei. The method comprises the following steps: 1 choosing a mountainous region with a deep soil layer, fertile soil and subacid or neutral pH value; 2 choosing biennial qualified original soil seedlings to serve as afforestation nursery stock; 3 enabling the taxus mairei to be mixed with the broad-leaved trees for sunny slope or semi-sunny slope mountainous region afforestation; 4 adopting an interplanting mode for growing of the young taxus mairei of a sunny slope, and enabling the interplanted plants to be leguminosae no-akebi crops preferably; and 5 chopping mixed tree varieties influencing growth of the taxus mairei after stand closing. The taxus mairei is a tree variety fond of shade, and according to previous research, a shady slope, a semi-shady slope, a ravine brookside and the middle lower portion of a hill are generally chosen for mountainous region afforestation. By the technical measures of mixed forest growing and interplanting in the forest and the like, the taxus mairei forests are respectively grown on the sunny slope or the semi-sunny slope which is good in soil conditions, success is achieved, and part of the taxus mairei forests are flowered and fruited and are good in growth vigor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mountain region afforestation in sun slope method of southern enqlish yew.
Background technology
Southern enqlish yew (Taxus chinensis var.mairei) is the taxaceae Chinese yew genus plants; endangered species for country-level focused protection; mainly originate in China Yangtze river basin, Nanling mountain area and the ground such as Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu and Taiwan, be distributed in height above sea level below 1000～1200 meters more.Southern enqlish yew is evergreen species, leaf dark green, tree crown turriform, seed arillus meat, red green alternate, has very high ornamental value, the fine tree species of gardens and urban afforestation, the report that purifies air about Chinese yew of providing according to the Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Monitoring Center shows, " Chinese yew is 31.8% to the purification efficiency of airborne sulphur dioxide; the purification efficiency of nitrogen dioxide is 49.0%, and the purification efficiency of carbon monoxide, pellet, total volatile organism is respectively 22.2%, 39.9%, 65.1%." what is more important, this plant corpus contains a kind of antitumor specific drug composition---taxol (pacli-taxe).
Southern enqlish yew is the happiness feminine tree, and former studies shows that planting out generally all selects Schattenseite, half Schattenseite, cheuch small stream limit, middle and lower part, hillside that Water condition is good.I am in recent years by technical measures such as Mixed Forests and woods amongs, respectively soil condition preferably tailo, half tailo build the Chinese yew woods, now succeeded, part Chinese yew woods now blossoms and bears fruit and grows fine.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of mountain region afforestation in sun slope method of southern enqlish yew.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the mountain region afforestation in sun slope method of southern enqlish yew may further comprise the steps:
One, process in the selection of planting site and early stage
1, the forest land is selected
Select ground moistening, soil layer is deep, soil property is fertile, the hillside fields of pH value 5.5～7.0 or level land;
2, forest land cleaning and whole ground
The gradient is taking entirely to cultivate whole ground as far as possible below 15 °; The gradient is larger, takes spot soil preparation or strip soil preparation; Remove assorted the filling, dig stub; And according to planting density excavation kind of plant hole, execute the fertilizer that superphosphate and Harmless are processed in the cave, or execute N.P.K composite fertilizer; The backfill table is native after executing lower base manure;
3, afforestation nursery stock selection and start shipment requirement
Select life in 2 years sturdy, the leaf look general is red, the nursery stock that degree of lignification the is high afforestation of going up a hill, and the nursery stock specification is height of seedling 25～45cm, leading thread is 0.3～0.6cm; Require nursery stock wood to be with native ball, namely become Su Tumiao, native gauge ball lattice are 10～15cm diameter, the column of high 15cm; Bareroot seedling must not be used for afforestation in sun slope;
Two, Afforestation Time, method and planting density
4, Afforestation Time
Southern enqlish yew is planted and should be selected in before 2～March, nursery stock sprouted; Also can be with native ball to plant dormant November the turn of autumn and winter nursery stock;
5, method for planting
Planting of place soil nursery stock only needs to remove packaging bag, will be with native ball nursery stock to ajust in planting hole, tries not to damage the original soil ball, guarantees that former Su Tuyu root system closely links to each other, again earthing having peace of mind, and the surface is covered 2～3cm again and is loosened the soil and just can;
6, planting density
Should decide according to training objective and the planting type of standing forest:
1) take adopt branches and leaves as purpose density as 1.7m * 1.3m, great majority just can be adopted branches and leaves in 4～5 years;
2) and timber forest is 2m * 2m;
3) tailo or half tailo mountain region need and Liriodendron chinense, yulan magnolia, tung oil tree etc. deciduous species are mixed hands over, density is 3.3m * 3.3m, with the configuration of staggering of mixed friendship seeds;
4) as cutting orchard or just adopted the medicinal woods that branch utilizes in 3 years, density is 1m * 1m;
Three, young growth management
7, tending [after young plantation
1～5 year young growth need foster twice, 5～June and September respectively once every year at least, and be high temperature season 7～August, and the children comforts and should avoid this season;
Tailo or half tailo are planted between need to carrying out, and be advisable with the non-akala crop of pulse family, but density are unsuitable excessive;
8, fertilising
Juvenile Stage is to topdress as main; The April of the 2nd year and the 3rd year after planting, the composite fertilizer of every strain ditch spread or the 50g～100g that spreads manuer in holes; Comprehensively weeding before the fertilising, and when the rainy weather ground moistening, carry out;
9, main diseases pest control
The new afforestation of southern enqlish yew is easily susceptible, mostly is greatly stem rot and root rot, can spray control or spread fertilizer over the fields lime to prevent something from spreading with 800 times of liquid of the wide-spectrum bactericides such as carbendazim after afforestation; The southern enqlish yew insect pest is less, and accidental tung tree looper and bag moth endanger, and only need spray with desinsection chrysanthemum ester class to get final product;
10, shape pruning
Should once prune in annual autumn and winter when southern enqlish yew is cultivated as timber forest, wipe out base portion rudiment bar and the branch that affects the trunk quality; When closing of crop, should progressively remove and its mixed other seeds of handing over, to guarantee the normal growth of southern enqlish yew after 5～6 years.
2, southern enqlish yew according to claim 1 mountain region afforestation in sun slope method, it is characterized in that: in the step on the cleaning of described forest land and whole ground, kind plant hole according to planting density excavation 0.5m * 0.5m * 0.4m, execute the fertilizer that 0.3kg～0.5 ㎏ superphosphate and 2kg Harmless are processed in the cave, or the N.P.K composite fertilizer that executes 0.3kg～0.5kg.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Southern enqlish yew is the happiness feminine tree, and former studies shows that planting out generally all selects Schattenseite, half Schattenseite, cheuch small stream limit, middle and lower part, hillside that Water condition is good.The present invention is by technical measures such as Mixed Forests and woods amongs, respectively soil condition preferably tailo, half tailo build the Chinese yew woods, now succeeded, part Chinese yew woods now blossoms and bears fruit and grows fine.
Embodiment
The present embodiment is the growing and cultivation method of building the southern enqlish yew woods at the mountain region tailo in certain forest farm, Southern Part of Anhui Province area, half tailo.
One, process in the selection of planting site and early stage
1, the forest land is selected
Select ground moistening, soil layer is deep, soil property is fertile, the hillside fields of pH value 5.5～7.0 or level land.The southern enqlish yew growth preferably of the hillside fields of terrace type.
2, forest land cleaning and whole ground
For good growing environment is provided to seedling, improve permeability and the storing water and preserving fertility ability of soil, need to fill with whole ground to causing the forest land to cut.The gradient is taking entirely to cultivate whole ground as far as possible below 15.The gradient is larger, takes spot soil preparation or strip soil preparation.Remove assorted the filling, dig stub.And according to the kind plant hole of planting density excavation 0.5m * 0.5m * 0.4m, execute the fertilizer of 0.3 ㎏～0.5kg superphosphate and 2kg Harmless processing in the cave, or the N.P.K composite fertilizer that executes 0.3kg～0.5 ㎏.The backfill table is native after executing lower base manure.
3, afforestation nursery stock selection and start shipment requirement
The southern enqlish yew one year seedling is 13～15cm, degree of lignification is lower, adapt to the mountain environment ability a little less than, be subject to when foster summer burn day, and up to just carry out tending management after autumn, thin and weak because of weedy nursery stock again, amount of growth is little, easily uprooted, planting out one year seedling survival rate only is 30～40%.It is high that the biennial seedling that ground, garden is cultivated is generally 25～45cm, and leading thread is 0.3～0.6cm, and degree of lignification is higher, the ability that this nursery stock adapts to mountain environment is stronger, and 3 years living heights of seedling reach 60～110cm, and the garden ground cultivation time is long, the ratio of height to diameter increasing easily swings after planting, and transports the cost of planting and increases.The afforestation in sun slope test shows that one year seedling afforestation average survival is that 20%, two year living seedling average survival is that 95%, three year living seedling average survival is 80%.Therefore generally should select life in 2 years sturdy, the leaf look general is red, the nursery stock that degree of lignification the is high afforestation of going up a hill.Require nursery stock wood to be with native ball (being Su Tumiao), native gauge ball lattice are 10～15cm diameter, the column of high 15cm.With the nursery stock of native ball, though start shipment, the cost of planting strengthens, and carries bacterium soil because of nursery stock, and root system is intact, plants not to be subjected to weather effect, and it is fast that nursery stock recovers, and growing way is good, and survival rate reaches more than 95%, and bareroot seedling must not be used for the tailo planting out.Nursery stock is started shipment in the process will note the trunk that do not fracture.
Two, Afforestation Time, method and planting density
1, Afforestation Time
Southern enqlish yew is planted and should be selected in before 2～March, nursery stock sprouted.Also can be with native ball to plant dormant November the turn of autumn and winter nursery stock.
2, method for planting
Planting of place soil nursery stock only needs to remove packaging bag, will be with native ball nursery stock to ajust in planting hole, tries not to damage the original soil ball, guarantees that former Su Tuyu root system closely links to each other, again earthing having peace of mind, and the surface is covered 2～3cm again and is loosened the soil and just can.Seedling root can not contact base manure.
3, planting density
Should decide according to training objective and the planting type of standing forest:
1) take adopt branches and leaves as purpose density as 1.7m * 1.3m, just can adopt branches and leaves in general 4～5 years.
2) and timber forest is generally 2m * 2m.
3) tailo or half tailo mountain region need and Liriodendron chinense, yulan magnolia, tung oil tree etc. deciduous species are mixed hands over, density is 3.3m * 3.3m, with the configuration of staggering of mixed friendship seeds.The southern enqlish yew Natural Community all occurs in the mixed forest mode, this biology, ecological characteristics with these seeds is relevant, especially at the fabulous shading condition of the growth needs of Seedling Stage, otherwise afforestation will be failed, simulating the natural habitat Mixed Forests of southern enqlish yew, will be a practicable approach of mountain region tailo development southern enqlish yew.For many years forest culture and management test shows, we use Mixed stand cultivation theoretical and with reference to deciduous species common in southern enqlish yew natural distribution group Mixed Forests with it, when the broad-leaved tree of association affects the southern enqlish yew normal growth, just take greening seedling form cutouts broad-leaved tree or moderately sparsely fell broad-leaved tree and provide good growing environment as southern enqlish yew.Experiment shows, 3 years tung oil tree effects of dibbling are the most obvious in the southern enqlish yew woods, and front 3 years 3 years tung oil trees can provide the requirement of shading of southern enqlish yew early growth, can dredge year by year in 4～5 years to go the part tung oil tree, all surgeries in the 6th～7 year.
4) as cutting orchard or just adopted the medicinal woods that branch utilizes in 3 years, density is 1m * 1m.
Three, young growth management
1, tending [after young plantation
Southern enqlish yew generally is considered as slowly living seeds, but suitable in land occupation condition, pipe is comforted in the situation with effective measures, and growth rate is obviously accelerated, even be medium growth rate seeds, thereby it is most important to strengthen managing and protecting of young growth, 1～5 year young growth, and especially the first three years need be fostered twice every year at least, 5～June and September are respectively once, be high temperature season 7～August, and the children comforts and should avoid this season, otherwise affect the growth of new survival rate and juvenile stage nursery stock.The children comforts needs weeding, loosens the soil, and expands the cave and bury the blue or green training root and stem of certain plants, plants between the afforestation in sun slope First Year must carry out, and to reach the purpose of shading in early days, a kind crop is advisable with the non-akala crop of pulse family, but density is unsuitable excessive, especially in 0.5 meter of the southern enqlish yew must not between plant.Between plant the reason that the new survival rate of southern enqlish yew and amount of growth are produced good effect and be: a kind itself has increased the number of times of tending management, has reduced to strive water between weeds and the nursery stock, strive fertile chance; The fixed nitrogen getting fat effect of legume is extremely beneficial to root growth, the Nutrient Absorption of southern enqlish yew in addition; Hot-dry season, a kind crop are on the occasion of vigorous growth period, and formed Shade effect provides good growing environment just in time for the southern enqlish yew seedling of the cloudy Keep away from sun of happiness.
2, fertilising
By planting site being dug the Comparative Experiment on Afforestation of the different base manure of spreading manuer in holes, can find out that fertilising shows as the autumn growth obviously to new afforestation, branches and leaves are dark green, and collateral generation is more obvious, non-new afforestation young growth sealing fertilizer in 3～April can obviously improve amount of growth, not only shows the height of tree.And the hat width of cloth and degree of being thick with leaves there is appreciable impact.Juvenile Stage is to topdress as main.The April of the 2nd year and the 3rd year after planting, the composite fertilizer of every strain ditch spread or the 50g～100g that spreads manuer in holes.Comprehensively weeding before the fertilising, and when the rainy weather ground moistening, carry out.
3, main diseases pest control
The new afforestation of southern enqlish yew is easily susceptible, mostly is greatly stem rot and root rot, and its foundation position browning necrosis causes whole strain dead, and young growth also has generation more than 2 years.Planting out is susceptible relatively low, but also happens occasionally in the meadow bog section in plum rains season, can be after afforestation sprays control or spread fertilizer over the fields lime with 800 times of liquid of the wide-spectrum bactericides such as carbendazim to prevent spreading of stem rot and root rot.The southern enqlish yew insect pest is less, accidental tung tree looper and bag moth harm, and young growth is interim in the fast-growing in 5～June, and the top tender leaf leaf roller often occurs and endangers, and does not generally spread the gesture of stretching, and only need spray with desinsection chrysanthemum ester class to get final product.
4, shape pruning
Southern enqlish yew sprout tillers ability is strong, should once prune in annual autumn and winter when cultivating as timber forest, wipes out base portion rudiment bar and the branch that affects the trunk quality.20 years tree crowns with the whole height of tree about 2/3 of interior reservation are to cultivate the perfectly straight satisfactory high-grade bole of butt 4m～6m section.When closing of crop, should progressively remove and its mixed other seeds of handing over, to guarantee the normal growth of southern enqlish yew after 5～6 years.
Southern enqlish yew is the happiness feminine tree, and former studies shows that planting out generally all selects Schattenseite, half Schattenseite, cheuch small stream limit, middle and lower part, hillside that Water condition is good.In the present embodiment, this forest farm is in recent years by technical measures such as Mixed Forests and woods amongs, respectively soil condition preferably tailo, half tailo build the Chinese yew woods, now succeeded, part Chinese yew woods now blossoms and bears fruit and grows fine.The 5 years living southern enqlish yew standing forests in slope, sheet southwest are wherein arranged, and storage rate is 90%, and mean stand height reaches 2.67m, and average leading thread reaches 4.82cm, even crown diameter 1.69m * 1.66m.
Above-described embodiment of the present invention does not consist of the restriction to protection domain of the present invention.Any modification of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., all should be included within the claim protection domain of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the mountain region afforestation in sun slope method of southern enqlish yew is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
One, process in the selection of planting site and early stage
(1), the forest land is selected
Select ground moistening, soil layer is deep, soil property is fertile, the hillside fields of pH value 5.5～7.0 or level land;
(2), forest land cleaning and whole ground
The gradient is taking entirely to cultivate whole ground as far as possible below 15 °; The gradient is larger, takes spot soil preparation or strip soil preparation; Remove assorted the filling, dig stub; And according to planting density excavation kind of plant hole, execute the fertilizer that superphosphate and Harmless are processed in the cave, or execute N.P.K composite fertilizer; The backfill table is native after executing lower base manure;
(3), afforestation nursery stock selection and start shipment requirement
Select life in 2 years sturdy, the leaf look general is red, the nursery stock that degree of lignification the is high afforestation of going up a hill, and the nursery stock specification is height of seedling 25～45cm, leading thread is 0.3～0.6cm; Require nursery stock wood to be with native ball, namely become Su Tumiao, native gauge ball lattice are 10～15cm diameter, the column of high 15cm; Bareroot seedling must not be used for afforestation in sun slope;
Two, Afforestation Time, method and planting density
(4), Afforestation Time
Southern enqlish yew is planted and should be selected in before 2～March, nursery stock sprouted; Also can be with native ball to plant dormant November the turn of autumn and winter nursery stock;
(5), method for planting
Planting of place soil nursery stock only needs to remove packaging bag, will be with native ball nursery stock to ajust in planting hole, tries not to damage the original soil ball, guarantees that former Su Tuyu root system closely links to each other, again earthing having peace of mind, and the surface is covered 2～3cm again and is loosened the soil and just can;
(6), planting density
Should decide according to training objective and the planting type of standing forest:
1. take adopt branches and leaves as purpose density as 1.7m * 1.3m, great majority just can be adopted branches and leaves in 4～5 years;
2. and timber forest is 2m * 2m;
3. tailo or half tailo mountain region need and Liriodendron chinense, yulan magnolia, tung oil tree etc. deciduous species are mixed hands over, density is 3.3m * 3.3m, with the configuration of staggering of mixed friendship seeds;
4. as cutting orchard or just adopted the medicinal woods that branch utilizes in 3 years, density is 1m * 1m;
Three, young growth management
(7), tending [after young plantation
1～5 year young growth need foster twice, 5～June and September respectively once every year at least, and be high temperature season 7～August, and the children comforts and should avoid this season;
Tailo or half tailo are planted between need to carrying out, and be advisable with the non-akala crop of pulse family, but density are unsuitable excessive;
(8), fertilising
Juvenile Stage is to topdress as main; The April of the 2nd year and the 3rd year after planting, the composite fertilizer of every strain ditch spread or the 50g～100g that spreads manuer in holes; Comprehensively weeding before the fertilising, and when the rainy weather ground moistening, carry out;
(9), main diseases pest control
The new afforestation of southern enqlish yew is easily susceptible, mostly is greatly stem rot and root rot, can spray control or spread fertilizer over the fields lime to prevent something from spreading with 800 times of liquid of the wide-spectrum bactericides such as carbendazim after afforestation; The southern enqlish yew insect pest is less, and accidental tung tree looper and bag moth endanger, and only need spray with desinsection chrysanthemum ester class to get final product;
(10), shape pruning
Should once prune in annual autumn and winter when southern enqlish yew is cultivated as timber forest, wipe out base portion rudiment bar and the branch that affects the trunk quality; When closing of crop, should progressively remove and its mixed other seeds of handing over, to guarantee the normal growth of southern enqlish yew after 5～6 years.
2. southern enqlish yew according to claim 1 mountain region afforestation in sun slope method, it is characterized in that: in the step on the cleaning of described forest land and whole ground, kind plant hole according to planting density excavation 0.5m * 0.5m * 0.4m, execute the fertilizer that 0.3kg～0.5kg superphosphate and 2kg Harmless are processed in the cave, or the N.P.K composite fertilizer that executes 0.3kg～0.5 ㎏.
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| CN103430740A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2013-12-11 | 江苏鼎钰生态农业科技有限公司 | Method for planting taxus chinensis in saline and alkaline land |
| CN103430739A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2013-12-11 | 江苏鼎钰生态农业科技有限公司 | Growing method for Chinese yews |
| CN104381104A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-03-04 | 江苏红豆杉生物科技股份有限公司 | Tcaus mairei water culture production method |
| CN104396687A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-11 | 江苏红豆杉生物科技股份有限公司 | Taxus chinensis cutting orchard construction method |
| CN104429808A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-03-25 | 云南红土生源药用生物科技开发有限公司 | High-altitude mountain area afforestation method through transplantation of aquilaria sinensis nursery stocks |
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| CN105075769A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-11-25 | 陈发军 | Distributed method for cultivating male and female Chinese yews |
| CN106234144A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-21 | 融安县良丰种苗有限责任公司 | Taxus mairei and Lignum nanmu Mixed forestation method |
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| CN106358947A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 融安县良丰种苗有限责任公司 | Method for mixed afforestation of cunninghamia lanceolata and taxus wallichiana mairei |
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| CN106718597A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 福建千佰億农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of method of southerm yew afforestation |
| CN107980453A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-04 | 钟有糁 | Make the method for red root beet on a kind of gentle slope forest land between tung oil tree |
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