CN102701876A - Matrix special for tobacco soilless seedling and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Matrix special for tobacco soilless seedling and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102701876A CN102701876A CN2012102349802A CN201210234980A CN102701876A CN 102701876 A CN102701876 A CN 102701876A CN 2012102349802 A CN2012102349802 A CN 2012102349802A CN 201210234980 A CN201210234980 A CN 201210234980A CN 102701876 A CN102701876 A CN 102701876A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a matrix special for tobacco soilless seedling and a preparation method thereof. The matrix consists of the following raw materials: 20-30% of microbial organic fertilizers, organic matrix materials including carbonized rice hulls and rice hull ash, 65-80% of plant straws, 2-5% of fertilizers, 1-2% of acid regulating agents, 0.5-1.5% of bacteriacide and 5-20mg/kg of regulating agents. The matrix special for the tobacco soilless seedling contains 6% of organic matter, 1.8% of humic acid and larger than 5.4% of N, P and K, and is rich in various trace elements such as Ca, S, Si, Mg, Zn, Fe and B. When the matrix is used for raising seedlings, tobacco seedlings have lots of root hair and large root capacity; stem leaves on the ground are thick and stout and do not grow excessively; the seedlings do not suffer from seedling diseases, do not need recovery after transplanted, directly grow root to survive, and has high survival rate; and tobacco leaves have high grade and large yield. Therefore, the purposes of improving quality, increasing yield and increasing income can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the tobacco cultivation technical field, be specifically related to the soilless raising seedling substrate and preparation method thereof that grows tobacco.
Background technology
Tobacco produces has this long history in China, improves constantly the requirement that no longer suitable tobacco produces of growing seedlings of dry land rich soil in the past along with the development of tobacco production technology with to what quality of tobacco required.Before the upland field soil quality can not show a candle to now, organic content was lower than 3%, and crumb structure is few, and quality is sticking heavy; Cool and harden, salinification and harmful pesticide residue are serious, are that the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating time is mid-March again, and the outside does not also thaw; Need dig frozen soil return, indoor thawing be fried with pot and done; Behind the pharmacy disinfection, mix grow seedlings fertilizer or fertilizer for improving the growth of seedlings after, grow seedlings.Early three months in spring digs the soil difficulty, changes soil and fries soil, waste time and energy, and the cost height, but effect is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the non-soil culture dedicated substrate that grows tobacco, this invention can realize the production of tobacco non-soil culture, solves peasant fetch earth loaded down with trivial details work and many difficulties such as difficulty conscientiously, can also reduce cost the promotion and implementation stdn production of growing seedlings for the user.
Be to realize above-mentioned purpose: the provided by the invention one non-soil culture dedicated substrate that grows tobacco, it is made up of following raw materials according: biological organic fertilizer 20-30%, the organic substrate material comprises carbonization rice husk; Rice hull ash; Straw is 65-80%, chemical fertilizer 2-5 %, acidity regulator 1-2 %; Sterilant 0.5-1.5%, regulator 5-20 mg/kg.
Described biological organic fertilizer: be with feces of livestock and poultry, humic acid is a raw material, and inoculation " the fermentation of organic wastes bacterium is bent " is produced through thermophilic fermentation: contain organic matter 30%, humic acid 15%, available N, P, K6%, useful microbe 0.6 hundred million strain/grams.
Described chemical fertilizer comprises: ammonium sulfate, zinc sulfate, urea.
Described acidity regulator is: pure article sulfuric acid.
Described sterilant is: metaxanin, the spirit of evil seedling.
Described regulator is a root-growing agent, naa, rapin.
The preparation method:
Described preparation method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
One, fertilizer taste removal sterilizing-drying:
The natural ventilation airing drops to moisture about 35% in the place with livestock and poultry chicken, pig, ox, sheep ight soil, and the foreign material that remove rubbish add zymophyte bent 5 ‰ and evenly stir; Go into the workshop fermentation, temperature rises to 45 ℃ after 24 hours, and is every at a distance from 48 hours; Overturning once, supplemental oxygen makes bacterial classification even; Temperature is about up and down consistent, can remove the stink of animal dung in three days, is controlled at 55 ℃-65 ℃ and can thoroughly kills various worm's ovums and pathogenic micro-organism in 5-7 days; Change into high-quality biological organic fertilizer, the precipitation that dries in the shade, low temperature moulding is subsequent use again.
Two, substrate material is prepared:
1, select rice husk for use, the stalk particle thing, directly carbonizing treatment is subsequent use.
2, agricultural crop straw is ground into 0.5-1cm particle, presses 10-15% of feces of livestock and poultry amount and add fermentation vat precipitation, ventilation, the ratio that promotes C:N is accelerated fermentation.
3, with after the rice hull ash recovery, remove foreign matter, sieving for standby.
Three, with chemical fertilizer ammonium sulfate, urea, zinc sulfate, by N8.0 ‰, P6.4 ‰, Zn1 ‰ amount of getting that matrix needs, subsequent use after pulverizing.
Four, with sterilant: metaxanin, the spirit of evil seedling, regulator, root-growing agent: naa, rapin is diluted to the aqueous solution.
Five: with bright sulfur acid 1-2% amount, thin up becomes 10% aqueous solution subsequent use.
Six: the biological organic fertilizer for preparing, rice hull ash and stalk rice husk carbide, the chemical fertilizer powder, sterilant, the regulator diluent, Dilution of sulphuric acid liquid stirs, and the direct quantitative can is tested jin and sealed, and goes into stockyard, and is for sale.
The tobacco non-soil culture dedicated substrate of the present invention's preparation, organic content 6%, humic acid 1.8%, N, P, K content have been rich in multiple middle trace element such as Ca, S, Si, Mg, Zn, Fe, B greater than 5.4%.Use substrate seedling of the present invention, cigarette shoot root hair is many, and root volume is big, and on the ground the sturdy pier of cauline leaf is real, and sprout term disease does not take place in not excessive growth, and slow seedling after the transplanting is directly taken root into alively, and surviving rate is high, and the tobacco leaf grade is high, and output is high, can realize upgrading, increases production, increase income.
Embodiment:
Tobacco non-soil culture dedicated substrate comprises: biological organic fertilizer 20-30%, organic material 65-80%, chemical fertilizer 2-5%, sulfuric acid 1-2%, sterilant 0.5-1.5% and blender 5-20mg/kg.
Described biological organic fertilizer is a feces of livestock and poultry, 55-65 ℃ of high-quality biological organic fertilizers of after thermophilic fermentation 5-7 days, processing of " the fermentation of organic wastes bacterium is bent " of inoculation garden, Beijing garden company.
Described chemical fertilizer comprises: urea, ammonium sulfate, zinc sulfate.
Described organic material is: rice husk, straw-carbonized thing, rice hull ash.
Described sterilant: metaxanin, Wakil.
Described regulator: root-growing agent, naa, rapin.
Described useful microbe is a bacterium, and fungi and actinomycetes are formed compound cenobium.
Described preparation method is following:
One, accomplish organic fertilizer production: with feces of livestock and poultry (comprising chicken, pig, ox, sheep) at first airing moisture is dropped to 35%, the foreign material that remove rubbish add zymophyte bent 5 ‰ and evenly stir; Go into the workshop fermentation, temperature rises to 45 ℃ after 24 hours, and is every at a distance from 48 hours; Overturning once, supplemental oxygen makes bacterial classification even; Temperature is about up and down consistent, can remove the stink of animal dung in three days, can thoroughly kill various worm's ovums and pathogenic micro-organism in seven days for 55 ℃-65 ℃; Change into high-quality biological organic fertilizer, the precipitation that dries in the shade, low temperature moulding is subsequent use again.Organic content 30% or more, humic acid 15% in the fertile body, available N, P, K content reach 6%, and organic-biological is at 0.6 hundred million strain/grams, and it is multiple middle micro-to be rich in Ca, S, Si, Mg, Zn, Fe, B etc.
Two, the preparation of substrate material:
1, select rice husk for use, the stalk particle thing, directly carbonizing treatment is subsequent use.
2, collect rice hull ash from biomass energy heat power plant (and rice husk is the heating enterprise of fuel), sieving, it is back subsequent use to clean.
Three, the preparation of chemical fertilizer: purchase urea, ammonium sulfate, the zinc sulfate of standard substance, press N0.8%, P0.6%, Zn0.1% and measure preparation, puddle that to pulverize the back subsequent use.
Four, get fungicide metalaxyl, Wakil 0.2-0.4%, regulator root-growing agent, naa, rapin 30-50mg/kg consumption after the demands of different dilution, become the aqueous solution again.
Five, bright sulfur acid is diluted to 10% the aqueous solution.
Six, tobacco non-soil culture dedicated substrate processing: with top biological organic fertilizer, substrate material, chemical fertilizer crushed material, soup; Acid solution adds program control proportioning machine respectively, and mixer stirs, quantitative filling; Test jin and seal, adorn 100 liters surely for every bag, weight is about 25-28kg, puts in storage for sale.
Production application:
Use the tobacco soilless raising seedling substrate, easy to be easy-to-use, with low cost, the tobacco grower is or else with digging the frozen soil piece early spring; Indoorization soil, sterilization, tobacco non-soil culture dedicated substrate of the present invention opens the package and can use, and directly is tiled on the son bed; Or pack seedling disc type nutrition gas into, put the sowing or implant and heel in the cigarette seedling of watering heeling on the bed; Saving of work and time is practiced thrift Tu Yuan, easily accomplishes the production of growing seedlings.
Tobacco non-soil culture dedicated substrate of the present invention is for supporting a part supply subject, the rational quick-acting chemical fertilizer of supply with the fine biological organic fertilizer; The applying biological source substrate material arranged, more contain higher carbon, be again higher potassic organic fertilizer; Adapted sterilant and plant-growth regulator efficiently again is behind the comprehensive compatibility, in the matrix organic 6%; Humic acid 1.8%; Available N, P, K reach 5.4% useful microbe, 0.12 hundred million strain/gram, have been rich in trace element among Ca, S, Si, Mg, Zn, Fe, the B etc. simultaneously, and science is added sterilant and growth regulator.Quality is light, and permeability is good, and the extinction heat absorption improves temperature, inhales preserve moisture and fertility; Provide water, fertilizer, gas, heat four to coordinate mutually for the cigarette seedling, the ecotope of high C, the little acid of high potassium, mikrobe and excitor substance are complete, can effectively activate bioenzyme activity; Increase chlorophyllous content, promote photosynthesis, strengthen the metabolism of nitrogen, promote protein synthesis; Strengthen the cold-resistant of tobacco seedling, resistance against diseases guarantees to form strong sprout.Matrix moves into Honda with seedling, can maximum improve carbon class material in the soil, promotes C, N ratio, for mikrobe provides the movable energy, improves beneficial microorganism fertility breeding environment, absolutely decomposes to supply to absorb, and no noxious is residual.Come from nature, back to nature is realized the Organic farming benign cycle, is Green Product, and the good quality and high output that can guarantee tobacco increases income with agricultural sustainability and develops.
Claims (7)
1. the non-soil culture dedicated substrate that grows tobacco, it is characterized in that: it is made up of following raw materials according: biological organic fertilizer 20-30%, the organic substrate material comprises carbonization rice husk; Rice hull ash; Straw is 65-80%, chemical fertilizer 2-5 %, acidity regulator 1-2 %; Sterilant 0.5-1.5%, regulator 5-20 mg/kg.
2. tobacco non-soil culture dedicated substrate according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described biological organic fertilizer: be to be raw material with feces of livestock and poultry, humic acid; Inoculation " the fermentation of organic wastes bacterium is bent "; Produce through thermophilic fermentation: contain organic matter 30%, humic acid 15%, available N, P, K6% useful microbe 0.6 hundred million strain/grams.
3. tobacco non-soil culture dedicated substrate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described chemical fertilizer comprises: ammonium sulfate, zinc sulfate, urea.
4. tobacco non-soil culture dedicated substrate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described acidity regulator is: pure article sulfuric acid.
5. tobacco non-soil culture dedicated substrate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sterilant is: metaxanin, the spirit of evil seedling.
6. tobacco non-soil culture dedicated substrate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described regulator is a root-growing agent, naa, rapin.
7. the preparation method of the described tobacco non-soil culture of claim 1 dedicated substrate, it is characterized in that: (one), fertilizer taste removal sterilizing-drying: the natural ventilation airing drops to moisture about 35% in the place with livestock and poultry chicken, pig, ox, sheep ight soil, and the foreign material that remove rubbish add zymophyte bent 5 ‰ and evenly stir; Go into the workshop fermentation, temperature rises to 45 ℃ after 24 hours, and is every at a distance from 48 hours; Overturning once, supplemental oxygen makes bacterial classification even; Temperature is about up and down consistent, can remove the stink of animal dung in three days, can thoroughly kill various worm's ovums and pathogenic micro-organism in 5-7 days for 55 ℃-65 ℃; Change into high-quality biological organic fertilizer, the precipitation that dries in the shade, low temperature moulding is subsequent use again;
(2), substrate material is prepared:
(1), select rice husk for use, the stalk particle thing, directly carbonizing treatment is subsequent use;
(2), agricultural crop straw is ground into 0.5-1cm particle, press 10-15% of feces of livestock and poultry amount and add fermentation vat precipitation, ventilation, the ratio that promotes C:N is accelerated fermentation;
(3), rice hull ash reclaimed after, remove foreign matter, sieving for standby;
(3), with chemical fertilizer ammonium sulfate, urea, zinc sulfate, by N8.0 ‰, P6.4 ‰, Zn1 ‰ amount of getting that matrix needs, it is subsequent use to pulverize the back;
(4), with sterilant: metaxanin, dislike the seedling spirit, regulator, root-growing agent: naa, rapin is diluted to the aqueous solution;
(5): with pure ammonium sulfate 1-2% amount, thin up becomes 10% aqueous solution subsequent use;
(6): the biological organic fertilizer for preparing, rice hull ash and stalk rice husk carbide, the chemical fertilizer powder, sterilant, the regulator diluent, Dilution of sulphuric acid liquid stirs, and the direct quantitative can is tested jin and sealed, and goes into stockyard, and is for sale.
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Cited By (13)
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CN103265360A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-08-28 | 湖南省烟草公司永州市公司 | Solid-state fertilizer specially for tobacco float breeding |
CN103626586A (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2014-03-12 | 湖南省农业生物资源利用研究所 | Vegetable and fruit biological activity seedling culture matrix as well as preparation method and application thereof |
CN103772017A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-05-07 | 中国烟草总公司重庆市公司烟草科学研究所 | Formula of tobacco seedling substrate and preparation method thereof |
CN103787735A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-05-14 | 曹义明 | Regeneration gardening seedling nursing medium suitable for plant seedling nursing cultivation and preparation method for regeneration gardening seedling nursing medium |
CN103864517A (en) * | 2014-03-09 | 2014-06-18 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for producing tobacco float breeding medium from distillers' grains and tobacco float breeding medium |
CN104261914A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-07 | 绵阳市农业科学研究院 | Household soilless culture medium and preparation and application thereof |
CN105837355A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-08-10 | 中国水稻研究所 | Lightweight soilless seedling-raising substrate special for seedling transplanting and raising by late rice machine and production method thereof |
CN106069694A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-11-09 | 贵州省烟草公司黔西南州公司 | A kind of seedling medium compositions being suitable to flue-cured tobacco two-stages seeding and preparation method thereof |
CN106818442A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-06-13 | 安徽莱姆佳生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of wheat straw type tobacco moistening seedling medium and preparation method thereof |
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CN107258514A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-10-20 | 沈阳农业大学 | A kind of charcoal tobacco non-soil culture nutrient matrix |
CN107926610A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-04-20 | 黑龙江省苗必壮农业科技有限公司 | A kind of seedling cultivation of rice organic substrate |
CN108077022A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-05-29 | 长沙智博生物科技有限公司 | For the matrix of blueberry hardening and blueberry hardening off method |
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CN101889532A (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2010-11-24 | 武汉凯迪工程技术研究总院有限公司 | Light seedling raising medium using biomass power plant ash as main ingredient and manufacturing method thereof |
CN102126877A (en) * | 2010-12-04 | 2011-07-20 | 徐贵阁 | Green biological seedling raising matrix |
WO2011120035A1 (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2011-09-29 | Cornell University | Plant propagation medium and methods of making and using it |
CN102424630A (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2012-04-25 | 彭树森 | Special matrix for soilless paddy rice seedling breeding and preparation method thereof |
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CN101461322A (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2009-06-24 | 叶红朝 | Substrate for floating seedling cultivation of fire-cured tobacco and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (19)
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CN103265360B (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2016-02-03 | 湖南省烟草公司永州市公司 | Tobacco floating seed rearing adopts the method for composite fertilizer special modulation nutrition pond Middle nutrition liquid |
CN103265360A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-08-28 | 湖南省烟草公司永州市公司 | Solid-state fertilizer specially for tobacco float breeding |
CN103626586A (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2014-03-12 | 湖南省农业生物资源利用研究所 | Vegetable and fruit biological activity seedling culture matrix as well as preparation method and application thereof |
CN103626586B (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2015-12-30 | 湖南省农业生物资源利用研究所 | A kind of vegetable melon and fruit biological activity seedling medium and preparation method and application |
CN103787735A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-05-14 | 曹义明 | Regeneration gardening seedling nursing medium suitable for plant seedling nursing cultivation and preparation method for regeneration gardening seedling nursing medium |
CN103787735B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2016-02-10 | 曹义明 | Be applicable to regeneration gardening seedling medium and the manufacture method thereof of botanical seedling culturing cultivation |
CN103772017A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-05-07 | 中国烟草总公司重庆市公司烟草科学研究所 | Formula of tobacco seedling substrate and preparation method thereof |
CN103772017B (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2016-02-24 | 中国烟草总公司重庆市公司烟草科学研究所 | Formula of a kind of tobacco seedling medium and preparation method thereof |
CN103864517A (en) * | 2014-03-09 | 2014-06-18 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for producing tobacco float breeding medium from distillers' grains and tobacco float breeding medium |
CN103864517B (en) * | 2014-03-09 | 2015-08-26 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of method and tobacco floating seedling culture matrix utilizing vinasse production tobacco floating seedling culture matrix |
CN104261914A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-07 | 绵阳市农业科学研究院 | Household soilless culture medium and preparation and application thereof |
CN105837355A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-08-10 | 中国水稻研究所 | Lightweight soilless seedling-raising substrate special for seedling transplanting and raising by late rice machine and production method thereof |
CN106069694A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-11-09 | 贵州省烟草公司黔西南州公司 | A kind of seedling medium compositions being suitable to flue-cured tobacco two-stages seeding and preparation method thereof |
CN106069694B (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2019-12-10 | 贵州省烟草公司黔西南州公司 | Seedling substrate composition suitable for two-stage seedling raising of flue-cured tobacco and preparation method thereof |
CN106818442A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-06-13 | 安徽莱姆佳生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of wheat straw type tobacco moistening seedling medium and preparation method thereof |
CN107118054A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-01 | 遵义钟氏农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Japanese plum nursery is formulated soil |
CN107258514A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-10-20 | 沈阳农业大学 | A kind of charcoal tobacco non-soil culture nutrient matrix |
CN108077022A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-05-29 | 长沙智博生物科技有限公司 | For the matrix of blueberry hardening and blueberry hardening off method |
CN107926610A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-04-20 | 黑龙江省苗必壮农业科技有限公司 | A kind of seedling cultivation of rice organic substrate |
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Application publication date: 20121003 |