CN106818442A - A kind of wheat straw type tobacco moistening seedling medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of wheat straw type tobacco moistening seedling medium and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
A kind of wheat straw type tobacco moistens the preparation method of seedling medium：First sprayed water to stalk heap body, water is 0.8 1.2 with the mass ratio of stalk:1；Take and account for the urea powder of stalk gross mass 1% 2% and be dissolved in water and be sprayed on stalk heap body；The black-koji mould and bacillus licheniformis mix bacterium agent of 500,000,000 cfu/g are taken, is uniformly sprayed in stalk heap body, microbial inoculum accounts for 0.1% the 0.5% of stalk gross mass；Take account for stalk gross mass 2% 4% bean cake powder be sprinkled into stalk heap body in ferment, obtain wheat straw fermentate within 45 60 days every turning in 36 days；Take 50 80 weight portion wheat straw fermentates, 5 15 weight portion vermiculites, 3 12 weight portion perlites, 15 25 weight portion carbonization rice husks, the ash mixing of 10 20 weight parts of fine coal.The preparation method step is simple, and raw material is easy to get, with low cost, and the seedling medium seedling raise period is short, emergence rate is high, good into seedling stage tobacco seedlings growing way.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wheat straw type tobacco moistening seedling medium and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, tobacco artificial breeding is promoted and increased sharply, artificial breeding not climate interference, and yield is high, growth is fast, educates
Seedling matrix is the material of most critical in artificial breeding, is the key factor for determining tobacco root system growing environment, different material and not
Growth with the seedling medium of proportioning to tobacco seedlings has a great impact.The problem that existing seedling medium is present has：1st, during nursery
Between long, emergence rate it is low, also have the defects such as plant height is short, the number of blade is few into seedling stage, the output of tobacco seedlings has been had a strong impact on, to tobacco enterprise
Cause very big influence.2nd, conventional matrix --- the turf of tobacco seedling, is a kind of non-renewable natural resources, is adopted for a long time
With will necessarily cause ecology heavy damage and depletion of natural resources, and then limit tobacco seedling development.
The utilization rate of wheat straw is low at this stage, many areas be still by stalk be deposited in field give free rein to rot or
Power plant's burning is transported to, the waste of resource is not only caused, water body and air can also be polluted.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of wheat straw type tobacco moistening seedling medium, and it is compared to existing
Seedling medium, seedling raise period is short, emergence rate is high, and preferable into seedling stage tobacco seedlings growing way.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the preparation that a kind of wheat straw type tobacco moistens seedling medium
Method, the preparation method step is simple, and raw material is easy to get, with low cost, is adapted to promote the use of.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention provides a kind of wheat straw type tobacco moistening seedling medium, the seedling medium
It is obtained by following methods：
(1) wheat stalk of 50-80 weight portions is taken, and by the stalk heap body of its heap growth pile shape, with fine-spraying belt to stalk
Uniform water spray, the gross mass of water spray is 0.8-1.2: 1 with the ratio of the gross mass of stalk；
(2) take after urea powder is dissolved in water and be uniformly sprayed on stalk heap body, urea powder gross mass used accounts for wheat stalk
The 1%-2% of gross mass；
(3) the black-koji mould microbial inoculum of 500,000,000 cfu/g and the bacillus licheniformis agent of 500,000,000 cfu/g are taken according to mass ratio 2-4:
The ratio mixing of 1-3, is uniformly sprayed in stalk heap body, and the gross mass for spraying mix bacterium agent accounts for wheat stalk gross mass
0.1%-0.5%；
(4) take bean cake powder to be uniformly sprinkled into stalk heap body, the gross mass of bean cake powder used accounts for wheat stalk gross mass
2%-4%；
(5) stalk heap body is covered with plastic cloth carried out the rotten fermentation of heap, and small dung heap body is once turned over every 3-6 days
Heap, obtains wheat straw fermentate, and it is ground into the particle that particle diameter is 2-5mm with pulverizer by being taken out after 45-60 days；
(6) vermiculite granule, the 3-12 weights of the wheat straw fermentate of 50-80 weight portions, the particle diameter of 5-15 weight portions for 2-4mm are taken
The particle diameter for measuring part is the perlite particle of 2-4mm, the particle diameter of 15-25 weight portions is carbonization rice husk, the 10-20 weight portions of 2-7mm
Flyash powder well mixed obtain wheat straw type tobacco moistening seedling medium.
Present invention also offers the preparation method that a kind of wheat straw type tobacco moistens seedling medium, the method includes following step
Suddenly：
(1) wheat stalk of 50-80 weight portions is taken, and by the stalk heap body of its heap growth pile shape, with fine-spraying belt to stalk
Uniform water spray, the gross mass of water spray is 0.8-1.2: 1 with the ratio of the gross mass of stalk；
(2) take after urea powder is dissolved in water and be uniformly sprayed on stalk heap body, urea powder gross mass used accounts for wheat stalk
The 1%-2% of gross mass；
(3) the black-koji mould microbial inoculum of 500,000,000 cfu/g and the bacillus licheniformis agent of 500,000,000 cfu/g are taken according to mass ratio 2-4:
The ratio mixing of 1-3, is uniformly sprayed in stalk heap body, and the gross mass for spraying mix bacterium agent accounts for wheat stalk gross mass
0.1%-0.5%；
(4) take bean cake powder to be uniformly sprinkled into stalk heap body, the gross mass of bean cake powder used accounts for wheat stalk gross mass
2%-4%；
(5) stalk heap body is covered with plastic cloth carried out the rotten fermentation of heap, and small dung heap body is once turned over every 3-6 days
Heap, obtains wheat straw fermentate, and it is ground into the particle that particle diameter is 2-5mm with pulverizer by being taken out after 45-60 days；
(6) vermiculite granule, the 3-12 weights of the wheat straw fermentate of 50-80 weight portions, the particle diameter of 5-15 weight portions for 2-4mm are taken
The particle diameter for measuring part is the perlite particle of 2-4mm, the particle diameter of 15-25 weight portions is carbonization rice husk, the 10-20 weight portions of 2-7mm
Flyash powder well mixed obtain wheat straw type tobacco moistening seedling medium.
Advantages of the present invention：Using wheat stalk by microbial fermentation as the primary raw material of tobacco seedling medium, make
The added value of wheat stalk is maximized, it is to avoid pollution environment, while the seedling raise period for solving existing tobacco seedling medium is short, go out
Seedling rate is low, and into the bad problem of seedling stage tobacco seedlings growing way；Turf resource is substituted by wheat stalk fermentate reduce
To the dependence of the non-renewable resources such as turf, while reducing the environmental problem caused by turf is exploited.
In order to reach preferably using effect of the invention, preferred scheme of the invention is：
Used as the wheat straw fermentate in preferred, described step (6) using 65 weight portions, the particle diameter of 10 weight portions is 2-
The vermiculite granule of 4mm, the particle diameter of 7.5 weight portions are the perlite particle of 2-4mm, the particle diameter of 20 weight portions is the carbonization of 2-7mm
The flyash powder of rice husk, 15 weight portions.
Above-mentioned used urea powder, vermiculite granule, perlite particle, carbonization rice husk, flyash powder, bean cake powder powder
Equal buyable, wherein：
Urea powder ties up the pure urea of analysis of Science and Technology Ltd., CompanyAddress from Beijing Kang Puhui：Beijing is exposed to the sun
Qu Wangsi township Wang Si battalion of the battalion B-325 rooms of village 41, firm telephone：1322222395.
Vermiculite granule uses the nursery vermiculite of Shijiazhuang Dong Ao fire proofing materials Co., Ltd, CompanyAddress：Shijiazhuang Chang'an
Area Hua Qing streets 12, firm telephone 13171892788, the primary chemical composition and proportion of vermiculite are：37%-43%'s
SiO2, the Al of 9%-17%2O3, the Fe of 5%-24%2O3, the MgO of 11%-23%, the H of 0.5%-9%2O。
Perlite particle uses the gardening perlite of Xinyang Shihe District Hou Pu mining industry material factory, CompanyAddress：Xinyang
The outlet of 312 national highways is eastern 12 kilometers at a high speed for Beijing-Hongkong, firm telephone：13193888820.The primary chemical composition and institute's accounting of perlite
Example be：The SiO of 68%-74%2, 12% Al2O3, the Fe of 0.5%-3.6%2O3, the CaO of 0.7%-1.0%, 2%-3%'s
K2The Ma of O, 4%-5%2The H of O, 0.3%MgO, 2.3%-6.4%20。
The carbonization rice husk that carbonization rice husk is produced using Henan Xinxiang Huojia County Jia Yuancao felted terxtures Co., Ltd, company ground
Location：Huojia County Feng Zhuan towns Feng Zhuan villages northwest corner, firm telephone：0373-4725093.Carbonization rice husk is rice husk at 400-600 DEG C
The 6-7h that is carbonized under environment is obtained.
Flyash uses the soil remediation flyash of Hebei Jing Hang mineral products Co., Ltd, CompanyAddress：Hebei provincial stone
Family Zhuan Shi Lingshou Counties Nan yan Chuan Xiang Lu Bai mountain villages, firm telephone：18633092306.
Bean cake powder uses the bean cake powder of Wen Ji Food Co., Ltd of Zhaoyuan City, CompanyAddress：Zhaoyuan City, Shandong Province Zhang Xing towns
Ma Jia villages west, firm telephone：0535-8331155.
Aspergillus niger microbial inoculum using China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center is preserved in, step on by preservation
Mark is obtained to be enlarged culture in the Aspergillus niger strain liquid medium within of CGMCC No.4421.
Bacillus licheniformis agent is used and is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center,
Preserving number is obtained to be enlarged culture in the lichem bacillus strain liquid medium within of CGMCC No.9688.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one：
A kind of wheat straw type tobacco moistens the preparation method of seedling medium, comprises the following steps：
(1) wheat stalk of 50 weight portions is taken, and by the stalk heap body of its heap growth pile shape, it is uniform to stalk with fine-spraying belt
Water spray, the gross mass of water spray is 0.8: 1 with the ratio of the gross mass of stalk；
(2) take after urea powder is dissolved in water and be uniformly sprayed on stalk heap body, urea powder gross mass used accounts for wheat stalk
The 1% of gross mass；
(3) the black-koji mould microbial inoculum of 500,000,000 cfu/g and the bacillus licheniformis agent of 500,000,000 cfu/g are taken according to mass ratio 2: 3
Ratio mixing, be uniformly sprayed in stalk heap body, spray mix bacterium agent gross mass account for the 0.1% of wheat stalk gross mass；
(4) take bean cake powder to be uniformly sprinkled into stalk heap body, the gross mass of bean cake powder used accounts for wheat stalk gross mass
2%；
(5) stalk heap body is covered with plastic cloth carries out the rotten fermentation of heap, and a turning was carried out to small dung heap body every 3 days,
Wheat straw fermentate is obtained by being taken out after 45 days, and it is ground into the particle that particle diameter is 2-5mm with pulverizer；
(6) it is vermiculite granule, the grain of 3 weight portions of 2-4mm to take the wheat straw fermentate of 50 weight portions, the particle diameter of 5 weight portions
Footpath is the perlite particle of 2-4mm, the particle diameter of 15 weight portions is the carbonization rice husk of 2-7mm, the flyash powder of 10 weight portions is mixed
It is to obtain wheat straw type tobacco moistening seedling medium to close uniform.
Embodiment two：
A kind of wheat straw type tobacco moistens the preparation method of seedling medium, comprises the following steps：
(1) wheat stalk of 60 weight portions is taken, and by the stalk heap body of its heap growth pile shape, it is uniform to stalk with fine-spraying belt
Water spray, the gross mass of water spray is 0.9: 1 with the ratio of the gross mass of stalk；
(2) take after urea powder is dissolved in water and be uniformly sprayed on stalk heap body, urea powder gross mass used accounts for wheat stalk
The 1.5% of gross mass；
(3) the black-koji mould microbial inoculum of 500,000,000 cfu/g and the bacillus licheniformis agent of 500,000,000 cfu/g are taken according to mass ratio 1: 1
Ratio mixing, be uniformly sprayed in stalk heap body, spray mix bacterium agent gross mass account for the 0.2% of wheat stalk gross mass；
(4) take bean cake powder to be uniformly sprinkled into stalk heap body, the gross mass of bean cake powder used accounts for wheat stalk gross mass
3%；
(5) stalk heap body is covered with plastic cloth carries out the rotten fermentation of heap, and a turning was carried out to small dung heap body every 4 days,
Wheat straw fermentate is obtained by being taken out after 50 days, and it is ground into the particle that particle diameter is 2-5mm with pulverizer；
(6) it is vermiculite granule, the grain of 5 weight portions of 2-4mm to take the wheat straw fermentate of 60 weight portions, the particle diameter of 8 weight portions
Footpath is the perlite particle of 2-4mm, the particle diameter of 17 weight portions is the carbonization rice husk of 2-7mm, the flyash powder of 13 weight portions is mixed
It is to obtain wheat straw type tobacco moistening seedling medium to close uniform.
The invention effect of the embodiment of the present invention two is proved below by way of specific experiment：
1st, prepare before testing：
Raw material：Flue-cured tobacco K326 seed, existing tobacco seedling medium, wheat straw type tobacco provided by the present invention moistening nursery
Matrix.
Experimental Establishment：30 the hole disks of identical 162, incubators.
2nd, experiment packet：
Experiment is divided into experimental group and prior art control group, every group of 15 hole trays.
3rd, experimentation：
The wheat straw type tobacco moistening seedling medium that the embodiment of the present invention two is provided, control group cave are added in experimental group hole tray
Existing tobacco seedling medium is added in disk, one is separately added into two group of 162 hole disk seed by every cave, water, fertilizer according to
Conventional seedbed system is managed, and the upgrowth situation of tobacco seedlings in two groups of hole trays is observed during management, and nursery starts the 15-20 days afterwards, remembers respectively
Record is emerged and situation and calculates emergence rate (the disk seedling number of emergence rate=often/per disk hole number * 100%), the results are shown in Table one.
Table one
| Group | 15 days | 16 days | 17 days | 18 days | 19 days | 20 days |
| Experimental group | 87.6% | 92.2% | 95.4% | 97.6% | 98.8% | 99.4% |
| Control group | 86.4% | 89.8% | 90.0% | 92.4% | 93.6% | 94.0% |
As seen from the above table, when carrying out tobacco seedling using wheat straw type tobacco provided by the present invention moistening seedling medium, cigarette
Careless emergence rate is higher.
Continue to be cultured to be a seedling the phase, respectively the average plant height of measurement and experiment with computing group and control group, average every plant of blade
Number, aerial part fresh weight and root/shoot ratio (Fresh Yuxincao ratio), the results are shown in Table two.
Table two
| Group | Plant height/cm | The number of blade/piece | Aerial part fresh weight/g | Root fresh weight/g | Root/shoot ratio |
| Experimental group | 26.7 | 7.8 | 8.7 | 1.4 | 0.161 |
| Control group | 20.4 | 5.3 | 8.1 | 1.1 | 0.136 |
As seen from the above table, when carrying out tobacco seedling using wheat straw type tobacco provided by the present invention moistening seedling medium, into
The seedling stage tobacco seedlings number of blade and plant height are better than control group, and root/shoot ratio is compared control group and also increased, and is more beneficial for tobacco seedlings
Growth.
Experimental group and the cultured tobacco seedlings of control group are transplanted into two groups of experimental plots with same external condition respectively,
Using identical routine field management method, cultivate to the maturity period, then observe and record two groups of agronomy of maturity period tobacco
Shape (average plant height, the average effective number of blade, maximum leaf are long, maximum width of blade) and per mu yield, the results are shown in Table three.
Table three
| Group | Plant height/cm | Effective blade number/piece | Maximum leaf is long/cm | Maximum width of blade/cm | Per mu yield/kg |
| Experimental group | 100.3 | 22.4 | 76.3 | 30.8 | 154.1 |
| Control group | 89.6 | 19.2 | 68.7 | 25.1 | 147.6 |
When carrying out tobacco seedling using wheat straw type tobacco provided by the present invention moistening seedling medium as seen from the above table, tobacco seedlings
Maturity period economical character is obviously improved compared to existing seedling medium, and yield also increased.
In sum, when carrying out tobacco seedling using the provided wheat straw type tobacco moistening seedling medium of invention, tobacco seedlings go out
Seedling rate is high, and growing way is good, and the economical character in maturity period improves obvious, and per mu yield also increased.
Embodiment three：
A kind of wheat straw type tobacco moistens the preparation method of seedling medium, comprises the following steps：
(1) wheat stalk of 65 weight portions is taken, and by the stalk heap body of its heap growth pile shape, it is uniform to stalk with fine-spraying belt
Water spray, the gross mass of water spray is 1: 1 with the ratio of the gross mass of stalk；
(2) take after urea powder is dissolved in water and be uniformly sprayed on stalk heap body, urea powder gross mass used accounts for wheat stalk
The 1.5% of gross mass；
(3) the black-koji mould microbial inoculum of 500,000,000 cfu/g and the bacillus licheniformis agent of 500,000,000 cfu/g are taken according to mass ratio 3: 2
Ratio mixing, be uniformly sprayed in stalk heap body, spray mix bacterium agent gross mass account for the 0.3% of wheat stalk gross mass；
(4) take bean cake powder to be uniformly sprinkled into stalk heap body, the gross mass of bean cake powder used accounts for wheat stalk gross mass
3%；
(5) stalk heap body is covered with plastic cloth carried out the rotten fermentation of heap, and small dung heap body is once turned over every 4 days half
Heap, obtains wheat straw fermentate, and it is ground into the particle that particle diameter is 2-5mm with pulverizer by being taken out after 52 days；
(6) it is the vermiculite granule of 2-4mm, 7.5 weight portions to take the wheat straw fermentate of 65 weight portions, the particle diameter of 10 weight portions
Particle diameter is the perlite particle of 2-4mm, the particle diameter of 20 weight portions is carbonization rice husk, the flyash powder of 15 weight portions of 2-7mm
It is well mixed to obtain wheat straw type tobacco moistening seedling medium.
Example IV：
A kind of wheat straw type tobacco moistens the preparation method of seedling medium, comprises the following steps：
(1) wheat stalk of 70 weight portions is taken, and by the stalk heap body of its heap growth pile shape, it is uniform to stalk with fine-spraying belt
Water spray, the gross mass of water spray is 1.1: 1 with the ratio of the gross mass of stalk；
(2) take after urea powder is dissolved in water and be uniformly sprayed on stalk heap body, urea powder gross mass used accounts for wheat stalk
The 1.5% of gross mass；
(3) the black-koji mould microbial inoculum of 500,000,000 cfu/g and the bacillus licheniformis agent of 500,000,000 cfu/g are taken according to mass ratio 2: 1
Ratio mixing, be uniformly sprayed in stalk heap body, spray mix bacterium agent gross mass account for the 0.4% of wheat stalk gross mass；
(4) take bean cake powder to be uniformly sprinkled into stalk heap body, the gross mass of bean cake powder used accounts for wheat stalk gross mass
3%；
(5) stalk heap body is covered with plastic cloth carries out the rotten fermentation of heap, and a turning was carried out to small dung heap body every 5 days,
Wheat straw fermentate is obtained by being taken out after 55 days, and it is ground into the particle that particle diameter is 2-5mm with pulverizer；
(6) it is the vermiculite granule of 2-4mm, 10 weight portions to take the wheat straw fermentate of 70 weight portions, the particle diameter of 13 weight portions
Particle diameter is the perlite particle of 2-4mm, the particle diameter of 22 weight portions is carbonization rice husk, the flyash powder of 17 weight portions of 2-7mm
It is well mixed to obtain wheat straw type tobacco moistening seedling medium.
Embodiment five：
A kind of wheat straw type tobacco moistens the preparation method of seedling medium, comprises the following steps：
(1) wheat stalk of 80 weight portions is taken, and by the stalk heap body of its heap growth pile shape, it is uniform to stalk with fine-spraying belt
Water spray, the gross mass of water spray is 1.2: 1 with the ratio of the gross mass of stalk；
(2) take after urea powder is dissolved in water and be uniformly sprayed on stalk heap body, urea powder gross mass used accounts for wheat stalk
The 2% of gross mass；
(3) the black-koji mould microbial inoculum of 500,000,000 cfu/g and the bacillus licheniformis agent of 500,000,000 cfu/g are taken according to mass ratio 2-4:
The ratio mixing of 1-3, is uniformly sprayed in stalk heap body, and the gross mass for spraying mix bacterium agent accounts for wheat stalk gross mass
0.5%；
(4) take bean cake powder to be uniformly sprinkled into stalk heap body, the gross mass of bean cake powder used accounts for wheat stalk gross mass
4%；
(5) stalk heap body is covered with plastic cloth carries out the rotten fermentation of heap, and a turning was carried out to small dung heap body every 6 days,
Wheat straw fermentate is obtained by being taken out after 60 days, and it is ground into the particle that particle diameter is 2-5mm with pulverizer；
(6) it is the vermiculite granule of 2-4mm, 12 weight portions to take the wheat straw fermentate of 80 weight portions, the particle diameter of 15 weight portions
Particle diameter is the perlite particle of 2-4mm, the particle diameter of 25 weight portions is carbonization rice husk, the flyash powder of 20 weight portions of 2-7mm
It is well mixed to obtain wheat straw type tobacco moistening seedling medium.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of wheat straw type tobacco moistens the preparation method of seedling medium, comprises the following steps：
(1) wheat stalk of 50-80 weight portions is taken, and by the stalk heap body of its heap growth pile shape, it is uniform to stalk with fine-spraying belt
Water spray, the gross mass of water spray is 0.8-1.2 with the ratio of the gross mass of stalk:1；
(2) take after urea powder is dissolved in water and be uniformly sprayed on stalk heap body, urea powder gross mass used accounts for the total matter of wheat stalk
The 1%-2% of amount；
(3) the black-koji mould microbial inoculum of 500,000,000 cfu/g and the bacillus licheniformis agent of 500,000,000 cfu/g are taken according to mass ratio 2-4:1-3
Ratio mixing, be uniformly sprayed in stalk heap body, the gross mass for spraying mix bacterium agent accounts for the 0.1%- of wheat stalk gross mass
0.5%；
(4) take bean cake powder to be uniformly sprinkled into stalk heap body, the gross mass of bean cake powder used accounts for the 2%- of wheat stalk gross mass
4%；
(5) stalk heap body is covered with plastic cloth carries out the rotten fermentation of heap, carries out a turning to small dung heap body every 3-6 days, passes through
Taken out after spending 45-60 days and obtain wheat straw fermentate, and it is ground into the particle that particle diameter is 2-5mm with pulverizer；
(6) it is vermiculite granule, the 3-12 weight portions of 2-4mm to take the wheat straw fermentate of 50-80 weight portions, the particle diameter of 5-15 weight portions
Particle diameter be the perlite particle of 2-4mm, the particle diameter of 15-25 weight portions be carbonization rice husk, the powder of 10-20 weight portions of 2-7mm
Coal ash powder is well mixed to obtain wheat straw type tobacco moistening seedling medium.
2. a kind of wheat straw type tobacco according to claim 1 moistens the preparation method of seedling medium, it is characterised in that：It is described
The step of (6) in using 65 weight portions wheat straw fermentate, the particle diameter of 10 weight portions is vermiculite granule, 7.5 weight portions of 2-4mm
Particle diameter be the perlite particle of 2-4mm, the particle diameter of 20 weight portions be carbonization rice husk, the fine coal ashes of 15 weight portions of 2-7mm
End.
3. a kind of wheat that prepared by a kind of preparation method of wheat straw type tobacco moistening seedling medium according to claim 1 and 2
Straw type tobacco moistens seedling medium.
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| CN114402951A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-04-29 | 宜宾市农业科学院 | Flue-cured tobacco wet seedling raising substrate and seedling raising method thereof |
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