CN113372168A - Biological humic acid fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Biological humic acid fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113372168A CN113372168A CN202110865576.4A CN202110865576A CN113372168A CN 113372168 A CN113372168 A CN 113372168A CN 202110865576 A CN202110865576 A CN 202110865576A CN 113372168 A CN113372168 A CN 113372168A
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- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 241000193388 Bacillus thuringiensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229940097012 bacillus thuringiensis Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
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- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
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- 229920002643 polyglutamic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
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- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- QGAVSDVURUSLQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium heptamolybdate Chemical compound N.N.N.N.N.N.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo] QGAVSDVURUSLQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- 229960000355 copper sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
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- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
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- -1 secondary elements Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
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- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- 241000285020 Bacillus algicola Species 0.000 description 5
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- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 2
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 108010028921 Lipopeptides Proteins 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002509 fulvic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
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- VRZJGENLTNRAIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]iminonaphthalen-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=C1 VRZJGENLTNRAIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007696 Kjeldahl method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 241000611836 Paenibacillus alginolyticus Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004160 Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- 108010046334 Urease Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WYWFMUBFNXLFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mo].[Sb] Chemical compound [Mo].[Sb] WYWFMUBFNXLFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- TYJOJLOWRIQYQM-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;phenyl phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 TYJOJLOWRIQYQM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a biological humic acid fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of microbial fermentation. The biological humic acid fertilizer is prepared by taking corn straws as a raw material, mixing and fermenting trichoderma viride and bacillus thuringiensis, using pretreated bentonite as a humic acid carrier, using bacillus sphaericus as an auxiliary microbial agent, and simultaneously adding a small amount of necessary NPK and medium trace elements to supplement nutrients, so that inorganic fertilizer supplement is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial fermentation, and particularly relates to a biological humic acid fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In field production, fertilization is the most important promoting factor for increasing the yield of crops, contributes significantly to the yield of the crops, and has an irreplaceable effect. Common fertilizers such as urea and conventional compound fertilizers are large in application amount, and cause serious degradation of soil quality while huge expenditure, so that great harm is brought to the environment. Multiple studies show that long-term application of conventional fertilizers can change the physical and chemical properties of the rhizosphere soil of crops, reduce the activity of soil enzymes, kill a large number of beneficial microorganisms and change the microbial community structure of the soil. Therefore, agricultural production needs to adopt a new fertilization mode to reduce fertilizer consumption and harm to soil environment.
Humic acid substances are a class of high-molecular acidic organic mixtures widely existing in soil. Animal and plant residues and microbial cells in soil form humic acid substances under a series of oxidation-reduction reactions, which plays an important role in field production. Humic acid is a high-efficiency fertilizer synergist, can form a stable chemical bond after being combined with a conventional fertilizer, and reduces the release rate of nitrogen; the pH value of the soil can be adjusted, the propagation and growth of beneficial microorganisms are promoted, the number of pathogens is reduced, the capability of resisting plant diseases and insect pests is improved, the mineralization of exogenous organic substances by the microorganisms is reduced, and the soil quality is improved. After soil is activated by humic acid, the respiration rate and the metabolism process of crops can be increased, the growth of the plants is promoted, the stress resistance of the crops is improved, and the quality of agricultural products is improved. In recent years, with the progress of related research, the soil microorganism characteristics such as the number of soil microorganisms and community structures become important indexes for measuring the soil quality.
Biological humic acid is humic acid products prepared by using biomass as a raw material and adopting a biological technology (mainly a fermentation method), has extremely complex components, contains amino acid, enzyme, beneficial microorganism, vitamin, trace elements and the like besides humic acid components such as fulvic acid and the like, and has the effects of promoting plant growth, enhancing the stress resistance of plants, improving soil and improving product quality. Compared with mineral humic acid, the biological humic acid has smaller molecular weight, more functional groups, stronger biological activity and better agricultural application effect. At present, the production process of biological humic acid is similar to that of common compost, and mainly adopts biomass raw materials rich in cellulose and lignin, inoculates or does not inoculate a microbial inoculum, and carries out aerobic or anaerobic fermentation to convert the biomass raw materials into novel fertilizers rich in biological humic acid. Factors influencing the generation rate of biological humic acid are many, and mainly comprise the types and pretreatment methods of biomass raw materials, the types of fermentation inoculants, fermentation process conditions and the like, and the factors influence the generation amount of the biological humic acid and also influence the physicochemical properties and the biological activity of the biological humic acid. By optimizing the process conditions, the product quality and the application effect of the biological humic acid can be improved.
At present, biological humic acid fertilizer products have various defects of insignificant application effect, unstable fertilizer effect, short fertilizer effect time and the like, so that the biological humic acid fertilizer products are difficult to replace chemical fertilizers and are difficult to popularize and apply practically.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing biological humic acid fertilizer, the invention provides the humic acid fertilizer with the nutrient slow release function, on one hand, nutrient substances of biological humic acid are fully adsorbed and stably released, the improvement of the crop yield and the quality is realized, on the other hand, the humic acid fertilizer plays a role in continuously improving the content of microorganisms and the enzyme activity in soil, and effectively improves the physical and chemical properties and the biological activity of the soil.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the biological humic acid fertilizer comprises, by weight, 300 parts of straw fermentation humic acid, 50-80 parts of urea, 40-60 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 50-100 parts of potassium sulfate, 50-70 parts of bentonite, 20-30 parts of medium elements, 10-20 parts of trace elements, 10-20 parts of biological bacteria agent and 5-10 parts of polyglutamic acid.
Further preferably, the biological humic acid fertilizer comprises, by weight, 300 parts of straw fermentation humic acid, 80 parts of urea, 60 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 100 parts of potassium sulfate, 70 parts of bentonite, 30 parts of medium elements, 20 parts of trace elements, 20 parts of biological agents and 10 parts of polyglutamic acid.
Further, the preparation method of the straw fermentation humic acid comprises the following steps: drying and crushing corn straws, adding 0.1-0.2 wt% of trichoderma viride and 0.1-0.3 wt% of bacillus thuringiensis, adjusting the water content to 50-70%, carrying out aerobic or facultative fermentation at 20-35 ℃ for 8-14 days, and drying the water to obtain the straw fermented humic acid.
The Trichoderma viride and Bacillus thuringiensis are prepared from commercially available bacterial powder.
Further, the bentonite is pretreated bentonite, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: placing bentonite in a heating furnace, calcining at 500 deg.C under oxygen-free condition for 9min, cooling to room temperature, soaking the calcined bentonite in hydrochloric acid solution for 1h, rinsing with deionized water, oven drying, and placing in FeCl3Adjusting the pH value of the solution to 9-10, placing the solution in a constant-temperature shaking table, shaking for 1h, leaching for 3-5 times by using deionized water, and finally drying at 75 ℃ to obtain the pretreated bentonite.
Further, the secondary element is calcium salt and/or magnesium salt.
Further, the trace elements are one or a mixture of ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, boric acid and ammonium heptamolybdate.
Further, the microbial agent is a microbial agent prepared from Bacillus algicolla, the Bacillus algicolla (Bacillus algicola) of the invention is purchased from China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC), and the address is as follows: west road No. 1 hospital No. 3, north jing, chaoyang district, preservation date: 2016, 9/20/accession number: CGMCC 1.15890.
The preparation method of the microbial agent prepared from the bacillus licheniformis comprises the following steps: inoculating Bacillus licheniformis on LB solid culture medium, culturing at 30 deg.C for 5-8 hr to obtain seed solution, inoculating the seed solution into LB liquid culture medium according to 3% inoculum size, and reciprocating shaking table for 150 r.min-1Culturing at 30 ℃ for 12h until the bacterium content is O.D 600 about 2.0, drying and crushing to obtain the solid powder bacterium agent.
Further, the composition of the LB culture medium is as follows: 10g of tryptone, 5g of yeast extract, 10g of NaCl and 1000mL of distilled water, the pH value is 7.2-7.4, the mixture is sterilized at 121 ℃ for 19min, and 15g of agar powder is additionally added into a solid culture medium.
A preparation method of biological humic acid fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing straw fermented humic acid: drying and crushing corn straws, adding 0.1-0.2 wt% of trichoderma viride and 0.1-0.3 wt% of bacillus thuringiensis, adjusting the water content to 50-70%, carrying out aerobic or facultative fermentation at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ for 8-14 days, and drying water to obtain straw fermented humic acid;
(2) bentonite pretreatment: placing bentonite into a heating furnace, calcining for 9min at 500 ℃ under anaerobic condition, cooling to room temperature, then placing the calcined bentonite into hydrochloric acid solution, soaking for 1h, wherein the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 1-3mol/L, the amount is enough to submerge solid substances, leaching with deionized water, drying, and placing the bentonite in FeCl3Adjusting the pH value of the solution to 9-10 in the solution, placing the solution in a constant-temperature shaking table for shaking for 1h, leaching the solution for 3-5 times by using deionized water, and finally drying the solution at 75 ℃ to obtain pretreated bentonite;
(3) uniformly mixing straw fermented humic acid and bentonite according to the weight part, adding a biological agent, adding water, adjusting the water content to be 50-70%, carrying out intermittent ventilation aerobic fermentation for 5 days at 28-30 ℃, then standing and carrying out mature fermentation for 20-30 days; after the fermentation is finished, air-drying and crushing the fermented material to obtain a mixture;
(4) mixing the mixture with urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, secondary elements, trace elements and polyglutamic acid, granulating,
obtaining the biological humic acid fertilizer.
The fertilizer is applied to soil in the form of base fertilizer, and 50-80 kilograms of the fertilizer is applied to each mu of soil.
The straw resources in China are rich, and the components and the structural characteristics of the straw resources are similar to those of the mineral source fulvic acid raw material-low-rank coal, so that the straw is used as the raw material to prepare the biological humic acid, the humic acid production way is widened, the straw is effectively degraded, and the environmental problem of straw burning pollution is solved.
Advantageous effects
(1) According to the invention, corn straws are used as a raw material to prepare biological humic acid, and trichoderma viride and bacillus thuringiensis are used for mixed fermentation, so that the trichoderma viride and the bacillus thuringiensis can efficiently secrete ligninase and cellulase, the skeleton structure of lignin can be effectively decomposed, the full and thorough fermentation and decomposition of the corn straws into small-molecule active substances are promoted, and the absorption and utilization of crops are facilitated; meanwhile, the bacillus thuringiensis can effectively degrade cellulose and is an important biocontrol microbial inoculum, and the generated active substances can excite plant defense reaction with protein excitons generated in the interaction process of crop pathogenic bacteria, so that the plant immunity is improved, and diseases are prevented or alleviated, thereby improving the crop yield;
(2) secondly, the pretreated bentonite is used as a humic acid carrier, and a loose and porous structure formed by the pretreated bentonite provides a large number of binding sites for humic acid particles, can effectively adsorb active substances formed by straw fermentation, and plays roles of adsorption, stability and slow release; meanwhile, the specific surface area and the magnetic property of the body height can promote the microorganisms to continuously play a role by the fixation effect on the microorganisms, so that the colonization ability of the microorganisms in the soil is improved;
(3) meanwhile, the bacillus clarkii with the preservation number of CGMCC1.15890 is used as an auxiliary microbial agent, one of metabolites of the bacillus clarkii is lipopeptide, and the lipopeptide is used as a biosurfactant to show good stability and dispersibility, promote the uniform dispersion of active substances and reduce the agglomeration of bentonite particles;
(4) meanwhile, a small amount of necessary NPK and medium trace elements are added to serve as nutrition supplement, so that the supplementary application of inorganic fertilizer is avoided;
(5) the biological humic acid fertilizer provided by the invention fundamentally solves the problems of unstable fertilizer efficiency and short action time of biological humic acid, can effectively adjust the ecological environment of soil, improves the activity of the soil, is harmless to the environment after long-term use, and has potential economic and social values.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of fertilizer granules obtained in example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The biological humic acid fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 200 parts of straw fermentation humic acid, 50 parts of urea, 40 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 50 parts of potassium sulfate, 50 parts of bentonite, 20 parts of medium elements, 10 parts of trace elements, 10 parts of a biological agent and 5 parts of polyglutamic acid.
The preparation method of the straw fermented humic acid comprises the following steps: drying and crushing corn straws, adding 0.1 wt% of trichoderma viride and 0.1 wt% of bacillus thuringiensis, adjusting the water content to 50%, carrying out aerobic or facultative fermentation for 8 days at the temperature of 20-35 ℃, and drying the water to obtain the straw fermented humic acid.
The Trichoderma viride and Bacillus thuringiensis are prepared from commercially available bacterial powder.
The bentonite is pretreated bentonite, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: placing bentonite in a heating furnace, calcining at 500 deg.C under oxygen-free condition for 9min, cooling to room temperature, soaking the calcined bentonite in hydrochloric acid solution for 1h, rinsing with deionized water, oven drying, and placing in FeCl3Adjusting the pH value of the solution to 9-10, placing the solution in a constant-temperature shaking table, shaking for 1h, leaching for 3-5 times by using deionized water, and finally drying at 75 ℃ to obtain the pretreated bentonite.
The secondary elements are calcium nitrate and magnesium nitrate.
The microelements are mixed by ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, boric acid, ammonium heptamolybdate and the like.
The microbial agent is prepared from Bacillus licheniformis, and the Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus algicola) in the embodiment is purchased from China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC), and the address: west road No. 1 hospital No. 3, north jing, chaoyang district, preservation date: 2016, 9/20/accession number: CGMCC 1.15890.
The preparation method of the microbial agent prepared from the bacillus licheniformis comprises the following steps: inoculating Bacillus licheniformis on LB solid culture medium, culturing at 30 deg.C for 5 hr to obtain seed solution, inoculating the seed solution into LB liquid culture medium according to 3% inoculum size, and reciprocating shaking table for 150 r.min-1Culturing at 30 deg.C for 12h until the bacteria content is O.D 600 about 2.0, and drying to obtain dried powderCrushing to obtain solid powdered microbial inoculum.
A preparation method of biological humic acid fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing straw fermented humic acid: drying and crushing corn straws, adding 0.1 wt% of trichoderma viride and 0.1 wt% of bacillus thuringiensis, adjusting the water content to 50%, carrying out aerobic or facultative fermentation for 8 days at the temperature of 20-35 ℃, and drying water to obtain straw fermented humic acid;
(2) bentonite pretreatment: placing bentonite into a heating furnace, calcining for 9min at 500 ℃ under anaerobic condition, cooling to room temperature, then placing the calcined bentonite into hydrochloric acid solution, soaking for 1h, wherein the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 1-3mol/L, the amount is enough to submerge solid substances, leaching with deionized water, drying, and placing the bentonite in FeCl3Adjusting the pH value of the solution to 9-10 in the solution, placing the solution in a constant-temperature shaking table for shaking for 1h, leaching the solution for 3-5 times by using deionized water, and finally drying the solution at 75 ℃ to obtain pretreated bentonite;
(3) uniformly mixing straw fermented humic acid and bentonite according to the weight part, adding a biological agent, adding water, adjusting the water content to 50%, performing intermittent ventilation aerobic fermentation at 28-30 ℃ for 5 days, and then standing and performing mature fermentation for 20 days; after the fermentation is finished, air-drying and crushing the fermented material to obtain a mixture;
(4) and mixing and granulating the mixture with urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, secondary elements, trace elements and polyglutamic acid to obtain the biological humic acid fertilizer.
Example 2
The biological humic acid fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 250 parts of straw fermentation humic acid, 70 parts of urea, 50 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 80 parts of potassium sulfate, 60 parts of bentonite, 25 parts of secondary elements, 15 parts of trace elements, 15 parts of a biological agent and 8 parts of polyglutamic acid.
The preparation method of the straw fermented humic acid comprises the following steps: drying and crushing corn straws, adding 0.2 wt% of trichoderma viride and 0.3 wt% of bacillus thuringiensis, adjusting the water content to 70%, carrying out aerobic or facultative fermentation at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ for 14 days, and drying the water to obtain the straw fermented humic acid.
The Trichoderma viride and Bacillus thuringiensis are prepared from commercially available bacterial powder.
The bentonite is pretreated bentonite, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: placing bentonite in a heating furnace, calcining at 500 deg.C under oxygen-free condition for 9min, cooling to room temperature, soaking the calcined bentonite in hydrochloric acid solution for 1h, rinsing with deionized water, oven drying, and placing in FeCl3Adjusting the pH value of the solution to 9-10, placing the solution in a constant-temperature shaking table, shaking for 1h, leaching for 3-5 times by using deionized water, and finally drying at 75 ℃ to obtain the pretreated bentonite.
The secondary elements are calcium nitrate and magnesium nitrate.
The microelements are mixed by ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, boric acid, ammonium heptamolybdate and the like.
The microbial agent is prepared from Bacillus licheniformis, and the Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus algicola) in the embodiment is purchased from China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC), and the address: west road No. 1 hospital No. 3, north jing, chaoyang district, preservation date: 2016, 9/20/accession number: CGMCC 1.15890.
The preparation method of the microbial agent prepared from the bacillus licheniformis comprises the following steps: inoculating Bacillus licheniformis on LB solid culture medium, culturing at 30 deg.C for 8 hr to obtain seed solution, inoculating the seed solution into LB liquid culture medium according to 3% inoculum size, and reciprocating shaking table for 150 r.min-1Culturing at 30 ℃ for 12h until the bacterium content is O.D 600 about 2.0, drying and crushing to obtain the solid powder bacterium agent.
A preparation method of biological humic acid fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing straw fermented humic acid: drying and crushing corn straws, adding 0.2 wt% of trichoderma viride and 0.3 wt% of bacillus thuringiensis, adjusting the water content to 70%, carrying out aerobic or facultative fermentation at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ for 14 days, and drying water to obtain straw fermented humic acid;
(2) bentonite pretreatment: placing bentonite in a heating furnace at 500 deg.C under oxygen-free conditionCalcining for 9min, cooling to room temperature, soaking the calcined bentonite in hydrochloric acid solution with concentration of 1-3mol/L for 1h to submerge solid substances, leaching with deionized water, drying, and placing in FeCl3Adjusting the pH value of the solution to 9-10 in the solution, placing the solution in a constant-temperature shaking table for shaking for 1h, leaching the solution for 3-5 times by using deionized water, and finally drying the solution at 75 ℃ to obtain pretreated bentonite;
(3) uniformly mixing straw fermented humic acid and bentonite according to the weight part, adding a biological agent, adding water, adjusting the water content to 70%, performing intermittent ventilation aerobic fermentation for 5 days at the temperature of 28-30 ℃, and then standing and performing after-ripening fermentation for 30 days; after the fermentation is finished, air-drying and crushing the fermented material to obtain a mixture;
(4) and mixing and granulating the mixture with urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, secondary elements, trace elements and polyglutamic acid to obtain the biological humic acid fertilizer.
Example 3
The biological humic acid fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 300 parts of straw fermentation humic acid, 80 parts of urea, 60 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 100 parts of potassium sulfate, 70 parts of bentonite, 30 parts of medium elements, 20 parts of trace elements, 20 parts of biological agents and 10 parts of polyglutamic acid.
The preparation method of the straw fermented humic acid comprises the following steps: drying and crushing corn straws, adding 0.2 wt% of trichoderma viride and 0.3 wt% of bacillus thuringiensis, adjusting the water content to 70%, carrying out aerobic or facultative fermentation at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ for 14 days, and drying the water to obtain the straw fermented humic acid.
The Trichoderma viride and Bacillus thuringiensis are prepared from commercially available bacterial powder.
The bentonite is pretreated bentonite, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: placing bentonite in a heating furnace, calcining at 500 deg.C under oxygen-free condition for 9min, cooling to room temperature, soaking the calcined bentonite in hydrochloric acid solution for 1h, rinsing with deionized water, oven drying, and placing in FeCl3Adjusting pH to 9-10, shaking in constant temperature shaking table for 1 hr, rinsing with deionized water for 3-5 times, and oven drying at 75 deg.C to obtain pre-treated productBentonite clay.
The secondary elements are magnesium nitrate and calcium nitrate.
The microelements are mixed by ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, boric acid, ammonium heptamolybdate and the like.
The microbial agent is prepared from Bacillus licheniformis, and the Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus algicola) in the embodiment is purchased from China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC), and the address: west road No. 1 hospital No. 3, north jing, chaoyang district, preservation date: 2016, 9/20/accession number: CGMCC 1.15890.
The preparation method of the microbial agent prepared from the bacillus licheniformis comprises the following steps: inoculating Bacillus licheniformis on LB solid culture medium, culturing at 30 deg.C for 8 hr to obtain seed solution, inoculating the seed solution into LB liquid culture medium according to 3% inoculum size, and reciprocating shaking table for 150 r.min-1Culturing at 30 ℃ for 12h until the bacterium content is O.D 600 about 2.0, drying and crushing to obtain the solid powder bacterium agent.
A preparation method of biological humic acid fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing straw fermented humic acid: drying and crushing corn straws, adding 0.2 wt% of trichoderma viride and 0.3 wt% of bacillus thuringiensis, adjusting the water content to 70%, carrying out aerobic or facultative fermentation at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ for 14 days, and drying water to obtain straw fermented humic acid;
(2) bentonite pretreatment: placing bentonite into a heating furnace, calcining for 9min at 500 ℃ under anaerobic condition, cooling to room temperature, then placing the calcined bentonite into hydrochloric acid solution, soaking for 1h, wherein the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 1-3mol/L, the amount is enough to submerge solid substances, leaching with deionized water, drying, and placing the bentonite in FeCl3Adjusting the pH value of the solution to 9-10 in the solution, placing the solution in a constant-temperature shaking table for shaking for 1h, leaching the solution for 3-5 times by using deionized water, and finally drying the solution at 75 ℃ to obtain pretreated bentonite;
(3) uniformly mixing straw fermented humic acid and bentonite according to the weight part, adding a biological agent, adding water, adjusting the water content to 70%, performing intermittent ventilation aerobic fermentation for 5 days at the temperature of 28-30 ℃, and then standing and performing after-ripening fermentation for 30 days; after the fermentation is finished, air-drying and crushing the fermented material to obtain a mixture;
(4) and mixing and granulating the mixture with urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, secondary elements, trace elements and polyglutamic acid to obtain the biological humic acid fertilizer.
And (3) performing electron microscope characterization on the mixture obtained in the step (3), wherein a microscopic view of the surface and the cross section of the mixture particles is shown in fig. 1, and it can be seen that solid particles are adsorbed on the surface of the mixture and have obvious through holes, so that the structure is favorable for the permanent planting of microorganisms and the absorption and slow release of humic acid.
Humic acid is provided with a small amount of inorganic NPK elements, and can form a stable chemical bond after being combined with the elements, so that the release rate of nitrogen is reduced; the pH value of the soil can be adjusted, the propagation and growth of beneficial microorganisms are promoted, the number of spermatozoa is reduced, the capability of resisting plant diseases and insect pests is improved, the mineralization of exogenous organic substances by the microorganisms is reduced, and the soil quality is improved. After the soil is activated by humic acid, the respiration speed and the metabolism process of crops can be increased, the growth of the plants is promoted, the stress resistance of the crops is improved, and the quality of agricultural products is improved.
Comparative example 1
The biological humic acid fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 300 parts of straw fermentation humic acid, 80 parts of urea, 60 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 100 parts of potassium sulfate, 70 parts of bentonite, 30 parts of medium elements, 20 parts of trace elements, 20 parts of biological agents and 10 parts of polyglutamic acid.
The preparation method of the straw fermented humic acid comprises the following steps: drying and crushing corn straws, adding 0.2 wt% of trichoderma viride and 0.3 wt% of bacillus thuringiensis, adjusting the water content to 70%, carrying out aerobic or facultative fermentation at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ for 14 days, and drying the water to obtain the straw fermented humic acid.
The Trichoderma viride and Bacillus thuringiensis are prepared from commercially available bacterial powder.
The bentonite is not pretreated, namely a commercially available product is directly used.
The secondary elements are magnesium nitrate and calcium nitrate.
The microelements are mixed by ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, boric acid, ammonium heptamolybdate and the like.
The microbial agent is prepared from Bacillus licheniformis, and the comparative example Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus algicola) is purchased from China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC), and has the address: west road No. 1 hospital No. 3, north jing, chaoyang district, preservation date: 2016, 9/20/accession number: CGMCC 1.15890.
The preparation method of the microbial agent prepared from the bacillus licheniformis comprises the following steps: inoculating Bacillus licheniformis on LB solid culture medium, culturing at 30 deg.C for 8 hr to obtain seed solution, inoculating the seed solution into LB liquid culture medium according to 3% inoculum size, and reciprocating shaking table for 150 r.min-1Culturing at 30 ℃ for 12h until the bacterium content is O.D 600 about 2.0, drying and crushing to obtain the solid powder bacterium agent.
A preparation method of biological humic acid fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing straw fermented humic acid: drying and crushing corn straws, adding 0.2 wt% of trichoderma viride and 0.3 wt% of bacillus thuringiensis, adjusting the water content to 70%, carrying out aerobic or facultative fermentation at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ for 14 days, and drying water to obtain straw fermented humic acid;
(2) uniformly mixing straw fermented humic acid and bentonite according to the weight part, adding a biological agent, adding water, adjusting the water content to 70%, performing intermittent ventilation aerobic fermentation for 5 days at the temperature of 28-30 ℃, and then standing and performing after-ripening fermentation for 30 days; after the fermentation is finished, air-drying and crushing the fermented material to obtain a mixture;
(3) and mixing and granulating the mixture with urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, secondary elements, trace elements and polyglutamic acid to obtain the biological humic acid fertilizer.
This comparative example is the same as example 3 except that no bentonite pretreatment is performed.
Comparative example 2
A biological humic acid fertilizer is prepared from (by weight parts) straw fermented humic acid 300, urea 80, monoammonium phosphate 60, potassium sulfate 100, bentonite 70, medium elements 30, trace elements 20 and polyglutamic acid 10.
The preparation method of the straw fermented humic acid comprises the following steps: drying and crushing corn straws, adding 0.2 wt% of trichoderma viride and 0.3 wt% of bacillus thuringiensis, adjusting the water content to 70%, carrying out aerobic or facultative fermentation at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ for 14 days, and drying the water to obtain the straw fermented humic acid.
The Trichoderma viride and Bacillus thuringiensis are prepared from commercially available bacterial powder.
The bentonite is pretreated bentonite, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: placing bentonite in a heating furnace, calcining at 500 deg.C under oxygen-free condition for 9min, cooling to room temperature, soaking the calcined bentonite in hydrochloric acid solution for 1h, rinsing with deionized water, oven drying, and placing in FeCl3Adjusting the pH value of the solution to 9-10, placing the solution in a constant-temperature shaking table, shaking for 1h, leaching for 3-5 times by using deionized water, and finally drying at 75 ℃ to obtain the pretreated bentonite.
The secondary elements are magnesium nitrate and calcium nitrate.
The microelements are mixed by ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, boric acid, ammonium heptamolybdate and the like.
A preparation method of biological humic acid fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing straw fermented humic acid: drying and crushing corn straws, adding 0.2 wt% of trichoderma viride and 0.3 wt% of bacillus thuringiensis, adjusting the water content to 70%, carrying out aerobic or facultative fermentation at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ for 14 days, and drying water to obtain straw fermented humic acid;
(2) bentonite pretreatment: placing bentonite into a heating furnace, calcining for 9min at 500 ℃ under anaerobic condition, cooling to room temperature, then placing the calcined bentonite into hydrochloric acid solution, soaking for 1h, wherein the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 1-3mol/L, the amount is enough to submerge solid substances, leaching with deionized water, drying, and placing the bentonite in FeCl3In solution, conditioning the solutionplacing the mixture in a constant-temperature shaking table with the pH value of 9-10, shaking for 1h, leaching for 3-5 times by using deionized water, and finally drying at 75 ℃ to obtain pretreated bentonite;
(3) uniformly mixing straw fermented humic acid and bentonite according to parts by weight, adding water, adjusting the water content to 70%, performing intermittent ventilation aerobic fermentation for 5 days at 28-30 ℃, and then standing and performing after-ripening fermentation for 30 days; after the fermentation is finished, air-drying and crushing the fermented material to obtain a mixture;
(4) and mixing and granulating the mixture with urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, secondary elements, trace elements and polyglutamic acid to obtain the biological humic acid fertilizer.
In this comparative example, the procedure of example 3 was repeated except that the microorganism prepared from Bacillus licheniformis was not added.
Comparative example 3
A biological humic acid fertilizer is prepared from (by weight parts) straw fermented humic acid 300, urea 80, monoammonium phosphate 60, potassium sulfate 100, bentonite 70, medium elements 30, trace elements 20 and polyglutamic acid 10.
The preparation method of the straw fermented humic acid comprises the following steps: drying and crushing corn straws, adding 0.2 wt% of trichoderma viride and 0.3 wt% of bacillus thuringiensis, adjusting the water content to 70%, carrying out aerobic or facultative fermentation at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ for 14 days, and drying the water to obtain the straw fermented humic acid.
The Trichoderma viride and Bacillus thuringiensis are prepared from commercially available bacterial powder.
The bentonite is not pretreated, namely a commercially available product is directly used.
The secondary elements are magnesium nitrate and calcium nitrate.
The microelements are mixed by ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, boric acid, ammonium heptamolybdate and the like.
A preparation method of biological humic acid fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing straw fermented humic acid: drying and crushing corn straws, adding 0.2 wt% of trichoderma viride and 0.3 wt% of bacillus thuringiensis, adjusting the water content to 70%, carrying out aerobic or facultative fermentation at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ for 14 days, and drying water to obtain straw fermented humic acid;
(2) uniformly mixing straw fermented humic acid and bentonite according to parts by weight, adding water, adjusting the water content to 70%, performing intermittent ventilation aerobic fermentation for 5 days at 28-30 ℃, and then standing and performing after-ripening fermentation for 30 days; after the fermentation is finished, air-drying and crushing the fermented material to obtain a mixture;
(3) and mixing and granulating the mixture with urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, secondary elements, trace elements and polyglutamic acid to obtain the biological humic acid fertilizer.
The comparative example was the same as example 3 except that no pretreatment of bentonite was performed and no microorganism derived from Bacillus alginolyticus was added.
Test verification
1.1 test site
The test was carried out in 2019, Henan province, Shanghai, Henan province, China, in the agricultural test base of the fertilizer industry, sunlight greenhouse. The altitude is 35m, the climate belongs to warm-zone half-damp-heat monsoon climate, the average rainfall capacity of many years is 582mm, the frost-free period is 200d, the sunshine hours are 2520h on average all the year, the photo-thermal resource is abundant, and the rain-heat period is the same.
1.2 test soil
The soil to be tested is calcareous brown soil, the soil is loam in texture, and the soil fertility level is low.
1.3 Fertilizer tested
The fertilizer obtained in the examples 1-3, the fertilizer obtained in the comparative examples 1-3 and the conventional compound fertilizer have the nutrient content of N-P2O-K2O-20-18-5. Each cell area is 100m2Each fertilizer is repeated for three times, and the indexes are averaged. The application amount is as follows: 70 kg per mu is converted, and the base fertilizer is applied. The management measures of irrigation, intertillage weeding, disease and pest control and the like of each treatment area are the same as the conventional management. The test field is harvested in 18 days in 7 months, each cell is singly harvested and singly aired during harvesting, and the yield of each cell is calculated respectively.
2.1 test article
Corn is No. 5, provided by Haidan species Co.Ltd in Gansu province.
2.2 test indexes and methods
Immediately after the soil sample is collected, the soil microorganism quantity (plate culture method) and the soil enzyme activity are measured, and the nutrient analysis is carried out after the residual soil sample is air-dried. The organic matter of the soil adopts an oil bath heating method; the total nitrogen of the soil adopts a Kjeldahl method; the soil total phosphorus and the quick-acting phosphorus adopt a molybdenum-antimony colorimetric-resistance method; measuring soil ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen by adopting a flow analyzer (AA type), and adopting an indophenol blue colorimetric method for soil urease; the soil phosphatase adopts a disodium phenyl phosphate colorimetric method.
And the corn yield is obtained by a weighing method. The test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 test results
The data in the table show that the fertilizer obtained in the embodiment of the invention has positive promotion effect on the improvement of soil physicochemical property and biological activity, and greatly improves the soil environment while promoting the improvement of corn yield. In comparative example 1 in which no bentonite pretreatment was carried out, the fixing effect of the nutrient substances was weakened, and the protective effect against microorganisms was also weakened, resulting in a decrease in the yield increasing effect. Meanwhile, the comparative example 2 without adding the microbial agent firstly intuitively leads to the reduction of the content of soil bacteria and fungi, secondly has no dispersion promoting effect of the bacillus sphaericus, has no synergistic effect on the exertion of the effect of bentonite, and is very likely to cause the blockage of internal gaps due to the agglomeration effect, the reduction of the regulation effect on soil and the reduction of yield. Therefore, the inventor believes that the raw material substances of the invention have synergistic interaction, the effect is weak in the absence of the synergistic interaction, the active effect of increasing the yield and improving the soil is realized by taking the effect as a whole, the recycling of waste straw resources is realized, and the economic benefit and the social benefit are remarkable.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only some of the preferred modes for implementing the invention, and not all of them. Obviously, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The biological humic acid fertilizer is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300 parts of straw fermentation humic acid, 50-80 parts of urea, 40-60 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 50-100 parts of potassium sulfate, 50-70 parts of bentonite, 20-30 parts of secondary elements, 10-20 parts of trace elements, 10-20 parts of biological agents and 5-10 parts of polyglutamic acid.
2. The biological humic acid fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from (by weight parts) straw fermentation humic acid 300, urea 80, monoammonium phosphate 60, potassium sulfate 100, bentonite 70, medium elements 30, trace elements 20, biological microbial inoculum 20 and polyglutamic acid 10.
3. The biological humic acid fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the preparation method of the straw fermentation humic acid is as follows: drying and crushing corn straws, adding 0.1-0.2 wt% of trichoderma viride and 0.1-0.3 wt% of bacillus thuringiensis, adjusting the water content to 50-70%, carrying out aerobic or facultative fermentation at 20-35 ℃ for 8-14 days, and drying the water to obtain the straw fermented humic acid.
4. The biological humic acid fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the bentonite is pretreated bentonite by the following steps: placing bentonite in a heating furnace, calcining at 500 deg.C under oxygen-free condition for 9min, cooling to room temperature, soaking the calcined bentonite in hydrochloric acid solution for 1h, rinsing with deionized water, oven drying, and placing in FeCl3Adjusting the pH value of the solution to 9-10, placing the solution in a constant-temperature shaking table, shaking for 1h, leaching for 3-5 times by using deionized water, and finally drying at 75 ℃ to obtain the pretreated bentonite.
5. The biological humic acid fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein the secondary element is a calcium salt and/or a magnesium salt.
6. The biological humic acid fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the trace elements are one or more of ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, boric acid and ammonium heptamolybdate.
7. The biological humic acid fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the microbial agent is a microbial agent prepared from bacillus licheniformis, and the preservation number is CGMCC 1.15890.
8. A method for preparing biological humic acid fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing straw fermented humic acid: drying and crushing corn straws, adding 0.1-0.2 wt% of trichoderma viride and 0.1-0.3 wt% of bacillus thuringiensis, adjusting the water content to 50-70%, carrying out aerobic or facultative fermentation at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ for 8-14 days, and drying water to obtain straw fermented humic acid;
(2) bentonite pretreatment: placing bentonite in a heating furnace, calcining at 500 deg.C under oxygen-free condition for 9min, cooling to room temperature, soaking the calcined bentonite in hydrochloric acid solution for 1h, rinsing with deionized water, oven drying, and placing in FeCl3Adjusting the pH value of the solution to 9-10 in the solution, placing the solution in a constant-temperature shaking table for shaking for 1h, leaching the solution for 3-5 times by using deionized water, and finally drying the solution at 75 ℃ to obtain pretreated bentonite;
(3) uniformly mixing straw fermented humic acid and bentonite according to the weight part, adding a biological agent, adding water, adjusting the water content to be 50-70%, carrying out intermittent ventilation aerobic fermentation for 5 days at 28-30 ℃, then standing and carrying out mature fermentation for 20-30 days; after the fermentation is finished, air-drying and crushing the fermented material to obtain a mixture;
(4) and mixing and granulating the mixture with urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, secondary elements, trace elements and polyglutamic acid to obtain the biological humic acid fertilizer.
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| CN115368182A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2022-11-22 | 凤磊 | Microbial fertilizer with long shelf life and preparation method thereof |
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