CN102698278B - 外用药物组合物及贴剂 - Google Patents
外用药物组合物及贴剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102698278B CN102698278B CN201210104339.7A CN201210104339A CN102698278B CN 102698278 B CN102698278 B CN 102698278B CN 201210104339 A CN201210104339 A CN 201210104339A CN 102698278 B CN102698278 B CN 102698278B
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Abstract
本发明提供对含有药物和辅助成分、且适用于皮肤的外用药物组合物抑制所述药物和所述辅助成分的酯化的方法,所述药物和辅助成分其中一方的分子内具有羧基另一方的分子内具有羟基,并且进一步含有熔点为80~90℃的硬化油,通过添加含有N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮的吡咯烷酮化合物来抑制所述药物和所述辅助成分的酯化,其中,所述辅助成分含有选自乳酸、柠檬酸以及薄荷醇类中一种以上物质。本发明还提供在适用于皮肤的外用药物组合物中抑制药物和辅助成分酯化的酯化抑制剂的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及外用药物组合物及贴剂,尤其涉及含有药物的外用药物组合物及贴剂。
背景技术
以往,众所周知含有分子内具有羧基的药物(例如,洛索洛芬钠(LoxoprofenSodium)、双氯芬酸钠(Diclofenac Sodium))的经皮吸收型贴剂。例如,公开了粘合剂层含有洛索洛芬钠、苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物和克罗米通(Crotamiton)的贴剂(参照专利文献1),以及含有洛索洛芬钠和克罗米通的外用制剂(参照专利文献2)等。并且,公开了向非甾体类抗炎镇痛剂中加入有机酸(马来酸等)的贴剂(参照专利文献3)、加入无机酸的经皮吸收制剂(参照专利文献4)。
但是,专利文献1或2所示的贴剂中,药物的药物溶解性差,有时在皮肤刺激方面会产生问题。另外,专利文献3或4所示的贴剂中,药物的溶解性没有得到充分改善,药物的释放性和经皮吸收性也无法得到充分满足。
另外,粘合剂层中含有具有羟基的化合物(例如,薄荷醇类)时,有时该化合物的羟基与药物具有的羧基之间会发生酯化反应。反之,粘合剂层中含有具有羧基的化合物时,有时该化合物的羧基与药物具有的羟基之间也会发生酯化反应。因此,药物的药物稳定性不充分。
专利文献1:日本特开2004-43512号公报
专利文献2:日本特开平10-120560号公报
专利文献3:日本特公平7-47535号公报
专利文献4:WO2006/048939号公报
发明内容
本发明是鉴于上述问题而产生的,目的在于提供可提高药物的释放性、经皮吸收性和稳定性,并且可抑制皮肤刺激性的恶化的外用药物组合物及贴剂。
本发明人发现通过向外用药物组合物或贴剂的粘合剂层中配合吡咯烷酮化合物,可以解决上述课题,从而完成本发明。本发明具体提供以下内容。
(1)适用于皮肤的外用药物组合物,其中,
该外用药物组合物含有药物、辅助成分和吡咯烷酮化合物,
上述药物和上述辅助成分,其中一方分子内具有羧基,另一方分子内具有羟基。
(2)上述(1)记载的外用药物组合物,其中,上述吡咯烷酮化合物选自N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、2-吡咯烷酮、5-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、1,5-二甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、1-乙基-2-吡咯烷酮、2-吡咯烷酮-5-羧酸、N-(2-羟乙基)吡咯烷酮、N-辛基-2-吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮、以及甲基乙烯基吡咯烷酮中的一种以上。
(3)上述(2)记载的外用药物组合物,其中,上述吡咯烷酮化合物含有N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮。
(4)上述(1)至(3)中任一项记载的外用药物组合物,其中,该组合物中进一步含有硬化油。
(5)上述(1)至(4)中任一项记载的外用药物组合物,其中,上述药物选自洛索洛芬、双氯芬酸、联苯乙酸(Felbinac)、酮洛芬(Ketoprofen)、吲哚美辛(Indometacin)、妥洛特罗(Tulobuterol)、或者它们的盐中的一种以上。
(6)上述(1)至(5)中任一项记载的外用药物组合物,其中,上述辅助成分选自羟基酸(oxy-acid)、薄荷醇类、以及多元醇中的一种以上。
(7)上述(6)记载的外用药物组合物,其中,上述羟基酸选自乳酸、酒石酸、以及柠檬酸中的一种以上。
(8)一种贴剂,其具备支持体、层叠在该支持体上的粘合剂层,其中,
上述粘合剂层含有(1)至(7)中任一项记载的外用药物组合物。
(9)上述(8)记载的贴剂,其中,相对于整个上述粘合剂层,上述吡咯烷酮化合物含有0.01质量%以上20质量%以下的N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮。
(10)上述(8)或(9)记载的贴剂,其中,上述粘合剂层含有苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物。
(11)一种贴剂,其具备支持体、层叠在该支持体上的粘合剂层,其中,
上述粘合剂层含有:苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物、增粘剂、增塑剂、双氯芬酸钠、l-薄荷醇、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、硬化油、以及柠檬酸和/或乳酸。
(12)对含有分子内具有羧基的药物和分子内具有羟基的辅助成分、且适用于皮肤的外用药物组合物,抑制上述药物和上述辅助成分的酯化的方法,其中,
通过添加吡咯烷酮化合物来抑制上述药物和上述辅助成分的酯化。
(13)一种酯化抑制剂,其用于含有药物和辅助成分、且适用于皮肤的外用药物组合物,上述药物和辅助成分其中一方分子内具有羧基、另一方分子内具有羟基,其中,
该酯化抑制剂含有有效量的吡咯烷酮化合物,抑制上述药物和上述辅助成分的酯化。
根据本发明,由于同时含有药物、辅助成分以及吡啶化合物,该药物和该辅助成分其中一方分子内具有羧基、另一方分子内具有羟基,因此可提高药物的释放性、经皮吸收性和稳定性,并且可抑制皮肤刺激性的恶化。
附图说明
图1是表示分子内具有羧基的药物的稳定性的图表。
图2是表示分子内具有羧基的药物的稳定性的图表。
图3是表示分子内具有羧基的药物的稳定性的图表。
图4是表示分子内具有羧基的其它药物的稳定性的图表。
图5是表示分子内具有羧基的其它药物的稳定性的图表。
图6是表示分子内具有羟基的药物的稳定性的图表。
具体实施方式
以下,对本发明实施方式的一个例子进行说明,但本发明并不受以下实施方式的限制。
本发明的外用药物组合物只要是应用于皮肤,则可以用于任意用途。即,可以直接涂布到皮肤上,也可以为液态(液体剂)、膏状(膏剂)、凝胶状(凝胶剂)等任意形态,但优选与贴附在皮肤上的贴剂(糊剂(cataplasm)、贴剂、经皮吸收型制剂、膏药剂(plaster)、胶带剂等)的粘合剂层配合。
以下对贴剂进行说明。本发明的贴剂具备支持体、层叠在该支持体上的粘合剂层。
<粘合剂层>
构成本发明的贴剂的粘合剂层含有外用药物组合物。该外用药物组合物至少含有药物和辅助成分、以及吡咯烷酮化合物,该药物和该辅助成分其中一方分子内具有羧基、另一方分子内具有羟基。
另外,本实施方式涉及的粘合剂层可进一步含有硬化油、基质、增粘剂、增塑剂等。
[药物]
药物的分子内具有羧基或羟基。作为分子内具有羧基的药物,没有特别限制,可使用市售的药物等,例如可列举:吲哚美辛、酮洛芬、氟比洛芬(Flurbiprofen)、洛索洛芬、酮咯酸(Ketorolac)、联苯乙酸、双氯芬酸、水杨酸、水杨酸乙二醇酯、乙酰水杨酸、氟芬那酸(Flufenamic acid)、甲灭酸(Mefenamicacid)、阿西美辛(Acemetacin)、阿氯芬酸(Alclofenac)、布洛芬(Ibuprofen)、舒林酸(Sulindac)、托美丁(Tolmetin)、氯苯扎利(Lobenzarit)、青霉胺(Penicillamine)、奥沙普秦(Oxaprozin)、二氟尼柳(Diflunisal)、芬布芬(Fenbufen)、芬替酸(Fentiazac)、萘普生(Naproxen)、普拉洛芬(Pranoprofen)、噻洛芬酸(Tiaprofen)、舒洛芬(Suprofen)、奥沙普秦(Oxaprozin)、依托度酸(Etodolac)、扎托洛芬(Zaltoprofen)、或者它们的盐。其中,优选洛索洛芬、双氯芬酸、联苯乙酸、酮洛芬、吲哚美辛、或者它们的盐。
作为分子内具有羟基的药物,没有特别限制,可使用市售的药物等,例如:妥洛特罗(Tulobuterol)、雌二醇(Estradiol)、乙炔基雌二醇(Ethynyl estradiol)、炔诺酮(Norethisterone)、单硝酸异山梨酯(Isosorbide mononitrate)、东莨菪碱(Scopolamine)、丁丙诺啡(Buprenorphine)、水杨酸乙二醇酯、骨化三醇(Calcitriol)、吡罗昔康(Piroxicam)、美洛昔康(Meloxicam)、或者它们的盐,更优选妥洛特罗。
[辅助成分]
当药物分子内具有羧基时辅助成分的分子内具有羟基,当药物分子内具有羟基时,辅助成分的分子内具有羧基。作为分子内具有羟基的辅助成分,没有特别限制,可列举:羟基酸、薄荷醇类、多元醇类、多元醇脂肪酸酯类、聚氧乙烯失水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯类,优选羟基酸、薄荷醇类、多元醇。
作为分子内具有羧基的辅助成分,没有特别限制,可以使用各种有机酸,具体可列举:脂肪族(单、二或三)羧酸(醋酸、丙酸、柠檬酸(包含无水柠檬酸)、异丁酸、己酸、辛酸、乳酸、马来酸、丙酮酸、草酸、琥珀酸、酒石酸等)、芳香族羧酸(苯二甲酸、水杨酸、苯甲酸、乙酰水杨酸等)、烷基磺酸(甲磺酸、乙磺酸、丙磺酸、丁磺酸、聚氧乙烯烷基醚磺酸(polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfonicacid)等)、烷基磺酸衍生物(N-2-羟乙基哌啶-N’-2-乙磺酸)、胆酸衍生物(脱氢胆酸等)、或者它们的盐(例如钠盐等碱金属盐)等。在这些辅助成分中,优选羧酸类及其盐,特别优选醋酸、醋酸钠。该辅助成分可以单独使用一种,也可以两种以上组合使用。因此,辅助成分是指在粘合剂层所含的成分中,除药物以外的所有成分。
作为羟基酸,可列举:羟基乙酸、乳酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、葡糖酸、水杨酸、α-羟基丁酸、甘油酸、柠檬酸等,优选乳酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸,更优选乳酸。
作为薄荷醇类,优选l-薄荷醇、薄荷油等,更优选l-薄荷醇。
作为多元醇类,可列举甘油等。作为多元醇脂肪酸酯类,可列举单硬脂酸甘油酯、二油酸甘油酯等。另外,作为聚氧乙烯失水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯类,可列举聚氧乙烯失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯(例如,“聚山梨酯80(polysorbate 80)”)等。
含有乳酸作为辅助成分时,对乳酸没有特别限制,可以使用通常用作医药品的乳酸。另外,乳酸可以是无水乳酸,也可以是乳酸和无水乳酸的混合物。此外对光学活性也没有限制,可以任意使用外消旋体、各种异构体。相对于整个粘合剂层,乳酸的含量优选为0.05质量%以上20质量%以下,更优选为0.1%质量%以上5质量%以下。乳酸的含量如果过小则无法充分提高药物释放性和经皮吸收性,另一方面,如果过大则不经济。
[吡咯烷酮化合物]
以往,研究了克罗米通、有机酸、无机酸等单独配合的化合物,但药物溶解性没有得到充分改善,药物从粘合剂层的释放性不充分。但是,通过使粘合剂层中含有吡咯烷酮化合物,意外发现药物的溶解性得到极大改善、粘合剂层中药物的扩散性提高、药物从粘合剂层的释放性和经皮吸收性增强。并且发现由于抑制了药物与辅助成分的酯化,故可提高药物的稳定性。即,根据本实施方式,可以得到具有显著优异的药物释放性、经皮吸收性和稳定性的贴剂,这种贴剂是仅单独配合各成分所无法得到的。
作为本发明所用的吡咯烷酮化合物,没有特别限制,可以使用通常用作医药品的化合物。具体可列举:N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、2-吡咯烷酮、5-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、1,5-二甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、1-乙基-2-吡咯烷酮、2-吡咯烷酮-5-羧酸、N-(2-羟乙基)吡咯烷酮、N-辛基-2-吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮、以及甲基乙烯基吡咯烷酮等,从可进一步提高药物的释放性、经皮吸收性和稳定性的观点考虑,优选N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮。
吡咯烷酮的含量如果过小或过大,则有可能会无法充分提高药物的释放性、经皮吸收性或者稳定性,从这一观点考虑,相对于整个粘合剂层,吡咯烷酮的含量为0.01质量%以上20质量%以下,优选为0.1质量%以上10质量%以下。
另外,相对于乳酸100质量份,优选以1质量份以上1000质量份以下配合吡咯烷酮化合物,更优选以2质量份以上200质量份以下配合吡咯烷酮化合物。吡咯烷酮化合物相对于乳酸的含量比如果过小或过大,则有可能无法充分提高药物稳定性、药物溶解性或者药物经皮吸收性。
[硬化油]
硬化油是在鱼油等液体不饱和脂肪酸的双键上加成氢,使熔点上升而固化的油脂。作为本发明所用的硬化油,没有特别限制,可使用用棉籽油、豆油、蓖麻油、菜油、棕榈油、鱼油等原料进行氢化的化合物。硬化油与部分硬化油相比更为优选,具体可列举硬化蓖麻油。另外,熔点可为80~90℃左右,相对于整个粘合剂层含量可为0.1质量%以上。
从可充分提高药物的释放性和稳定性的观点考虑,相对于整个粘合剂层,硬化油的含量优选为0.5质量%以上,更优选为1质量%以上。含量的上限没有特别限制,但相对于整个粘合剂层可为20质量%以下,优选为5质量%以下。相对于整个粘合剂层,硬化油的含量范围最优选为0.5质量%以上5质量%以下。
[基质]
作为本发明所用的基质,可列举苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(以下也称为SIS共聚物)。这种SIS共聚物是一种橡胶类粘合剂,属于A-B-A型聚合物,因此是具有下列分子结构模型的苯乙烯类热塑性弹性体:末端嵌段的A为聚苯乙烯、橡胶中间嵌段的B为聚异戊二烯。作为本发明所用的苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物,没有特别限制,可以使用以往使用的共聚物,但一般可使用苯乙烯相对于异戊二烯的质量比(苯乙烯/异戊二烯)为10/90~30/70、优选为20/80~25/75,溶液粘度(MPa·s[cps]、25℃)约为100~3000的共聚物。
具体可列举:苯乙烯相对于异戊二烯的质量比(苯乙烯/异戊二烯)为15/85且溶液粘度(MPa·s[cps]、25℃)为1500的共聚物(商品名:クレイトンD-1107)、苯乙烯/异戊二烯为15/85且溶液粘度(MPa·s[cps]、25℃)为900的共聚物(商品名:クレイトンD-1112)、苯乙烯/异戊二烯为17/83且溶液粘度(MPa·s[cps]、25℃)为500的共聚物(商品名:クレイトンD-1117P)、苯乙烯/异戊二烯为22/78的共聚物(商品名:クレイトンD-KX401)、苯乙烯/异戊二烯为16/84的共聚物(商品名:クレイトンD-KX406)、苯乙烯/异戊二烯为30/70且溶液粘度(MPa·s[cps]、25℃)为300的共聚物(商品名:クレイトンD-1125x)、苯乙烯/异戊二烯为10/90且溶液粘度(MPa·s[cps]、25℃)为2500的共聚物(商品名:クレイトンD-1320x)等市售品(均为ジエイエスア一ルクレイトンエラストマ一社),这些共聚物可以单独使用一种或者两种以上组合使用。
本发明中没有特别限制,但优选使用苯乙烯质量比高的共聚物,具体可列举苯乙烯/橡胶比(质量%)为22/78的共聚物(商品名:クレイトンD-KX401)。本发明所用的SIS共聚物的含量没有特别限制,但相对于整个粘合剂层优选为10~40质量%。
[增粘剂]
作为本发明所用的增粘剂,没有特别限制,但优选使用脂环族饱和烃树脂(合成石油树脂)、松香酯衍生物、萜类树脂、酚类树脂等,这些增粘剂可以单独使用一种或者两种以上组合使用。增粘剂的含量没有特别限制,但相对于整个粘合剂层,其含量优选为10~35质量%。
作为脂环族饱和烃树脂,例如可列举アルコンP-100(商品名:荒川化学工业社制)。作为松香酯衍生物,例如可列举:エステルガムH(商品名:荒川化学工业社制)、KE-311(商品名:荒川化学工业社制)、KE-100(商品名:荒川化学工业社制)。作为萜类树脂,例如可列举YS レジン(商品名:ヤスハラケミカル社制)。
[增塑剂]
作为本发明所用的增塑剂,没有特别限定,可使用常用的增塑剂。具体可列举:液体石蜡、辛基十二醇等高级醇、角鲨烷、角鲨烯、蓖麻油、液体橡胶(聚丁烯)、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、棕榈酸异丙酯等脂肪酸酯,其中,优选液体石蜡。增塑剂的含量没有特别限制,一般来说,相对于整个粘合剂层,其含量为20~60质量%。
[任选成分]
本发明的贴剂,作为任选成分,可以含有赋形剂、抗氧化剂、药物溶解剂、经皮吸收促进剂、香料、着色剂等。
(赋形剂)
作为本发明所用的赋形剂,例如可列举:无水硅酸、轻质无水硅酸、含水硅酸等硅化合物;乙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素等纤维素衍生物;聚乙烯醇等水溶性高分子;干燥氢氧化铝凝胶、含水硅酸铝等铝化合物;高岭土、氧化钛等。
(抗氧化剂)
作为本发明所用的抗氧化剂,例如可列举:二丁基羟基甲苯、抗坏血酸、生育酚、生育酚酯衍生物、丁基羟基茴香醚、2-巯基苯并咪唑等。
(药物的溶解剂、经皮吸收促进剂)
作为本发明所用的药物的溶解剂和经皮吸收促进剂,可列举:聚乙二醇(平均分子量为200~30000)、甘油、乙二醇、二乙二醇等多元醇类;油酸、柠檬酸、异硬脂酸等脂肪酸;肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、棕榈酸异丙酯、己二酸二异丙酯等脂肪酸酯;辛酸单甘油酯、辛酸三甘油酯、失水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯等脂肪酸多元醇酯;薄荷醇、薄荷醇衍生物、薄荷油、柠檬烯等萜类;聚乙烯醇等。其中,优选柠檬酸、异硬脂酸、l-薄荷醇等。这样,根据本发明,由于具有优异的药物溶解性,故不需要配合克罗米通之类的皮肤刺激性强的溶解剂。因此可以抑制皮肤刺激性的恶化。
<支持体>
作为本发明所用的支持体,没有特别限制,可列举:聚乙烯、聚丙烯等伸缩性或非伸缩性的纺织布、无纺布;聚乙烯、聚丙烯、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、氯乙烯等薄膜;或者氨基甲酸酯、聚氨酯等发泡性支持体,这些支持体可以单独使用一种或使用将多种支持体层叠而成的支持体。
<剥离衬垫(liner)>
本发明的贴剂具备支持体和层叠在该支持体的一面上的粘合剂层,通常,所提供的贴剂的形态为在粘合剂层与支持体的接触面的相反面上,进一步具备可剥离的衬垫。
作为可剥离的衬垫,可使用聚乙烯、聚丙烯、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、氯乙烯等薄膜;蒸镀了铝的金属性薄膜等。也可以使用对衬垫表面实施了硅化处理等剥离处理的衬垫。并且,为了易于剥离,可以在衬垫上设置直线或曲线状的刻痕,也可以是两个以上的衬垫局部重叠的衬垫、或者可以是具有折叠部的衬垫。
实施例
[试验例1(药物溶解性试验)]
通过目视观察,测定洛索洛芬钠(LOX)相对于各添加剂1g的溶解量。另外,以表1所示的混合比制备各添加剂和N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)的混合液,用于试验。
[表1]
添加剂 | 混合比 | LOX溶解量(g) |
NMP | - | 0 |
乳酸 | - | 0.25 |
甘油三乙酸酯 | - | 0 |
油醇 | - | 0 |
聚乙二醇400 | - | 0.25 |
薄荷油 | - | 0 |
89%磷酸 | - | 0.25 |
克罗米通 | - | 0 |
10%无水柠檬酸+NMP | 1∶10 | 0.1 |
20%无水柠檬酸+NMP | 1∶5 | 0.1 |
磷酸(89%)+NMP | 1∶2 | 0 |
乳酸+NMP | 1∶2 | 1.5 |
异硬脂酸+NMP | 1∶1 | 0 |
肉豆蔻酸+NMP | 1∶10 | 0 |
硬脂酸+NMP | 1∶1 | 0 |
山萮酸+NMP | 1∶1 | 0 |
苹果酸+NMP | 1∶4 | 0 |
酒石酸+NMP | 1∶2 | 0 |
乳酸十六醇酯+NMP | 1∶4 | 0 |
l-薄荷醇+NMP | 1∶1 | 0 |
如表1所示,洛索洛芬钠的溶解量只有在并用乳酸和N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮的情况下显著增大。反之,单独使用乳酸或N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮的情况、或者为其它组成的情况下,洛索洛芬钠的溶解量极小。
[试验例2(药物稳定性试验)]
向各溶剂中添加0.1g洛索洛芬钠,在25℃下搅拌一夜。将过滤搅拌物所得的滤液作为试样溶液,将该试样溶液放置在60℃下。使用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定试样溶液在0个月后(初始值)、0.5个月后、以及1.0个月后,存在于各溶剂系统内的洛索洛芬钠质量。作为各测定值相对于初始值的比例,其结果如图1和表2所示。
[表2]
[试验例3(药物稳定性试验)]
向各溶剂中添加0.1g洛索洛芬钠,在25℃下搅拌一夜。将过滤搅拌物所得的滤液作为试样溶液。在120℃下对该试样溶液进行高压灭菌处理,测定试样溶液在第0小时(初始值)、第2小时、第4小时、以及第6小时中,存在于各溶剂系统内的洛索洛芬钠质量。作为各测定值相对于初始值的比例,其结果如图2和表3所示。另外,测定步骤与试验例2相同。
[表3]
如图1和表2所示,在包含分子内具有羟基的化合物即浓甘油、“聚山梨酯80”、薄荷油、或乳酸的溶剂系统中,分子内具有羧基的药物即洛索洛芬钠的含量的经时降低增大。但是,如表2~3、图1~2所示,在含有乳酸和N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮的溶剂系统中,经时的洛索洛芬钠含量的降低得到显著抑制。因此,显示出通过并用分子内具有羧基的药物、分子内具有羟基的辅助成分和N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮,可提高药物的药物稳定性。
[试验例4(药物稳定性试验)]
向0.1g洛索洛芬和5g乳酸的混合溶液中进一步混合1g添加剂(天冬氨酸、异硬脂酸、乙二胺四乙酸钠、羧基乙烯基聚合物、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮),除此之外,采用与试验例3相同的步骤,测定存在于各溶剂系统内的洛索洛芬钠质量。
另外,进一步混合1g N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮以及1g添加剂(天冬氨酸、异硬脂酸、乙二胺四乙酸钠、羧基乙烯基聚合物、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮),除此之外,采用与试验例3相同的步骤,测定存在于各溶剂系统内的洛索洛芬钠质量。作为各测定值相对于初始值的比例,其结果如图3所示。
如图3所示,无论是否存在NMP,添加具有羧基的添加剂(天冬氨酸、异硬脂酸、乙二胺四乙酸钠和羧基乙烯基聚合物)时的LOX含量与没有添加剂的对照组中的LOX含量为同等程度。因此认为在这些溶剂系统内药物的稳定化效果是由NMP单独产生的稳定化效果。另外,由于NMP在与任何添加剂并用时均使药物稳定化,因此表明其具有优异的通用性。
此外,即使与除上述以外的具有羧基的化合物共存,LOX的稳定性也良好,例如,即使在向LOX、乳酸、己二酸中添加了NMP的系统中,或者在向LOX、乳酸、苯甲酸中添加了NMP的系统中,LOX的稳定性也良好。
另一方面,无论是否存在NMP,与对照组中的LOX含量相比,添加聚乙烯吡咯烷酮时的LOX含量上升。因此,可确认聚乙烯吡咯烷酮等吡咯烷酮化合物即使单独添加也能起到药物的稳定化效果,同时,通过并用N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮可以协同提高药物的稳定性。
[试验例5(药物稳定性试验)]
向0.1g洛索洛芬钠或联苯乙酸、以及5g乳酸的混合溶液中进一步混合1g或10g N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮,除此之外,采用与试验例3相同的步骤,测定存在于各溶剂系统内的药物质量。其结果如图4所示。
如图4所示,通过添加乳酸和NMP,洛索洛芬钠和联苯乙酸的稳定性均到很大提高。由此确认了吡咯烷酮化合物不仅可以提高洛索洛芬钠的稳定性,还可以提高分子内具有羧基的各种药物的稳定性。
[试验例6(药物稳定性试验)]
使用0.1g双氯芬酸钠、以及5g乳酸或甘油的混合溶液,除此之外,采用与试验例5相同的步骤,测定存在于各溶剂系统内的药物质量。其结果如图5所示。
如图5所示,确认了通过添加NMP可大幅补充由配合乳酸引起的双氯芬酸钠稳定性的降低,并可提高双氯芬酸钠的稳定性。另外,通过添加NMP也可补充由配合甘油引起的双氯芬酸钠稳定性降低,提高双氯芬酸钠的稳定性。
[试验例7(药物稳定性试验)]
使用0.1g妥洛特罗和5g醋酸的混合溶液,除此之外,采用与试验例5相同的步骤,测定存在于各溶剂系统内的药物质量。其结果如图6所示。
如图6所示,确认了通过添加醋酸和NMP,使妥洛特罗的稳定性得到大幅提高。考虑到妥洛特罗分子内具有羟基、醋酸分子内具有羧基,如果根据以上所有结果,则可确认通过向一方分子内具有羧基、另一方分子内具有羟基的药物和辅助成分中添加吡咯烷酮化合物,可以提高药物的稳定性。
推测该结果是由于N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮这样的吡咯烷酮化合物抑制了药物和辅助成分所具有的羟基和羧基间的酯化反应,即药物的酯化而造成的。
然后制作贴剂,通过各试验对并用吡咯烷酮化合物和乳酸所产生的效果进行评价确认。另外,列举实施例和比较例对本发明进行更具体的说明,但本发明并不受这些实施例的任何限制。
<实施例1>
向ヘンシエルミキサ(注册商标)内加入液体石蜡、パインクリスタルKE-100(松香酯衍生物;荒川化学工业社制)、二丁基羟基甲苯、硬化油(K-3WAX200;川研フアインケミカル社制),混合搅拌。向该混合物中加入苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(D-KX401CS;ジエイエスア一ルクレイトンエラストマ一社),再加入l-薄荷醇、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、乳酸、洛索洛芬钠,混合搅拌,制成外用药物组合物。在支持体(100g/m2目的编织(聚酯制))上将制成的外用药物组合物延展形成粘合剂层,通过层叠剥离衬垫,制成贴剂。各成分的含量如表4所示。
<实施例2>
除进一步添加硬化油之外,采用与实施例1相同的方法得到贴剂。各成分的含量如表4所示。
(比较例1)
除不含NMP以外,采用与实施例1相同的方法得到贴剂。各成分的含量如表4所示。
(比较例2)
除不含乳酸以外,采用与实施例1相同的方法得到贴剂。各成分的含量如表4所示。
(比较例3)
除不含NMP和乳酸、并配合三乙醇胺(TEA)以外,采用与实施例1相同的方法得到贴剂。各成分的含量如表4所示。
(比较例4)
除不含NMP和乳酸、并配合磷酸(89%磷酸)以外,采用与实施例1相同的方法得到贴剂。各成分的含量如表4所示。
对实施例1~2和比较例1~4,评价其药物释放性、经皮吸收性。此外,为了确认溶解性,观察贴剂中有无药物结晶。其结果如表4所示。
[表4]
(单位:质量%)
LOX :洛索洛芬钠
SIS :苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物
LP :液体石蜡
KE :KE-100(松香酯衍生物)
L-MEN :l-薄荷醇
TEA :三乙醇胺
NMP :N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮
BHT :二丁基羟基甲苯
如表4所示,在比较例2和4的贴剂中观察到药物结晶,反之,在实施例1~2的贴剂中没有观察到药物结晶。因此,确认了实施例1~2的贴剂具有优异的药物溶解性,提示该贴剂可降低皮肤刺激。
[试验例4(释放试验)]
将被试贴剂(实施例1~2,比较例1~4)贴附在尤卡坦小型猪(Yucatan micro pig)摘出皮肤上,在32℃、60%湿度条件下静置。在2小时后、8小时后、以及24小时后,剥离各贴剂后对被试贴剂中残存的洛索洛芬钠进行提取定量。根据以下公式由该残存量求出从贴剂向皮肤转移释放的药物量,作为药物从贴剂的释放性进行评价。其结果如表5所示。
[(应用前药物量-药物残存量)/应用前药物量]×100=药物释放率(质量%)
[表5]
如表5所示,实施例1~2的贴剂与比较例1~4的贴剂相比在所定时间内释放出更多的药物。因此,确认了实施例1~2的贴剂具有极优异的药物释放性。
[试验例5(药物经皮吸收性试验)]
接着,使用实施例1~2和比较例2的贴剂,利用人摘出皮肤进行药物皮肤渗透性试验。首先,在安装于纵型扩散槽中的人摘出皮肤的真皮侧(受体侧)应用等渗性磷酸缓冲液(pH7.4),在角质层侧(供体侧)应用各贴剂。然后,在各时间点采集一定量的受体溶液后,加入等量的等渗性磷酸缓冲液,用HPLC测定采集的受体溶液中的药物浓度。从该测定值中算出累积药物渗透量,从该累积药物渗透量和时间曲线的梯度部分计算稳定状态渗透速率(flux),再计算出用直线部分的时间截距来定义的时滞(lag time)。其结果如表6所示。
[表6]
如表6所示,实施例1~2的贴剂与比较例2的贴剂相比,可以在短时间内使更多的药物经皮吸收。因此,确认了实施例1~2的贴剂具有极优异的药物经皮吸收性。
<实施例3~4>
除改变各成分的添加比之外,采用与实施例1相同的方法得到贴剂。各成分的添加量如表7所示。
[表7]
(单位:质量%)
LOX :洛索洛芬钠
SIS :苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物
LP :液体石蜡
KE :KE-100(松香酯衍生物)
L-MEN :l-薄荷醇
NMP :N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮
BHT :二丁基羟基甲苯
[试验例6(药物稳定性试验)]
使用实施例3~4的贴剂,进行关于洛索洛芬钠(LOX)的稳定性的试验。首先,从各贴剂切取表面积10cm2的片断,将该片断在40℃或60℃下放置1.0个月后,对其质量进行精密称量。然后,剥去剥离衬垫薄膜,放入50mL离心管中,向其中添加四氢呋喃∶甲醇混合溶液,振荡30分钟提取出药物。对提取液进行高速离心分离,将过滤处理的溶液作为试样溶液,用HPLC测定药物质量。
另外,将实验开始时(刚制备贴剂后)以同样步骤测定的药物质量作为初始值,通过计算出药物量测定值相对于该初始值的比率求出LOX含量比(%)。其结果如表8所示。
[表8]
如表8所示,在实施例3~4的贴剂中,均可以良好地抑制洛索洛芬钠的经时降低。其中,实施例4的贴剂中洛索洛芬钠的经时降低可得到极优异的抑制。因此可确认通过向含有乳酸和N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮的溶剂系统中添加硬化油,可以进一步提高药物稳定性。
<实施例5~9>
代替洛索洛芬钠添加双氯芬酸钠、不添加乳酸、并改变各成分的添加比,除此之外采用与实施例1相同的方法得到贴剂。各成分的添加量如表9所示。
[表9]
(单位:质量%)
DFNa :双氯芬酸钠
SIS :苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物
LP :液体石蜡
KE :KE-100(松香酯衍生物)
L-MEN :l-薄荷醇
NMP :N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮
BHT :二丁基羟基甲苯
[试验例7(药物稳定性试验)]
使用实施例5~9的贴剂,进行关于双氯芬酸钠(DFNa)的稳定性(双氯芬酸薄荷醇酯(DME)生成的抑制性)的试验。首先,将各贴剂在60℃下放置1.5个月后,对其质量进行精密称量。然后,剥去剥离衬垫薄膜,放入100mL离心管中,向其中添加乙酸乙酯∶己烷∶甲醇混合溶液,振荡30分钟提取出药物。对提取液进行高速离心分离,将过滤处理的溶液作为试样溶液,用HPLC测定药物质量。
另外,将实验开始时(刚制备贴剂后)以同样的步骤测定的药物质量作为初始值,对照该初始值,使用下式计算出二氯酚酸薄荷醇酯生成量(%)。其结果如表10所示。
DME生成量(%)
=贴剂中的DME质量(%)/贴剂中的DFNa质量初始值(%)×100
[表10]
实施例5 | 实施例6 | 实施例7 | 实施例8 | 实施例9 | |
DME生成量(%) | 3.34 | 4.62 | 5.81 | 3.22 | 4.84 |
如表10所示,在实施例5~9的贴剂中,可极低地抑制双氯芬酸钠薄荷醇酯的生成量。因此,确认了通过向含有分子内具有羧基的药物即双氯芬酸钠、分子内具有羟基的辅助成分即l-薄荷醇的粘合剂层中添加N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮,可以提高双氯芬酸钠的稳定性。另外,确认了通过进一步添加硬化油,可进一步提高双氯芬酸钠的稳定性。
从以上结果中可知,通过向含有其中一方分子内具有羧酸、另一方分子内具有羟基的药物和辅助成分的粘合剂层中配合N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮等吡咯烷酮化合物,可得到药物溶解性、释放性和稳定性优异且经皮吸收性优异的贴剂。
Claims (2)
1.对含有药物和辅助成分、且适用于皮肤的外用药物组合物抑制所述药物和所述辅助成分的酯化的方法,所述药物和辅助成分其中一方的分子内具有羧基另一方的分子内具有羟基,并且进一步含有熔点为80~90℃的硬化油,
通过添加含有N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮的吡咯烷酮化合物来抑制所述药物和所述辅助成分的酯化,
其中,所述辅助成分含有选自乳酸、柠檬酸以及薄荷醇类中一种以上物质。
2.含N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮的吡咯烷酮化合物在适用于皮肤的外用药物组合物中作为抑制药物和辅助成分酯化的酯化抑制剂的应用,
其中,所述外用药物组合物进一步含有熔点为80~90℃的硬化油,并且所述药物和所述辅助成分中的一方分子内具有羧基、另一方分子内具有羟基,
所述辅助成分含有选自乳酸、柠檬酸以及薄荷醇类中一种以上物质。
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CN1462187A (zh) * | 2001-05-23 | 2003-12-17 | 株式会社脱苦海 | 供局部使用的止痛抗炎贴剂 |
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US5232703A (en) * | 1989-07-21 | 1993-08-03 | Izhak Blank | Estradiol compositions and methods for topical application |
US5919478A (en) * | 1993-06-25 | 1999-07-06 | Alza Corporation | Incorporating poly-N-vinyl amide in a transdermal system |
JP3382032B2 (ja) * | 1994-10-14 | 2003-03-04 | 埼玉第一製薬株式会社 | インドメタシン貼付剤 |
JPH10120560A (ja) * | 1996-08-26 | 1998-05-12 | Sankyo Co Ltd | ロキソプロフェン含有外用製剤 |
JP3077797B2 (ja) * | 1997-07-04 | 2000-08-14 | 株式会社織建 | 住宅建築物の震動防止装置 |
DE69833000T2 (de) * | 1997-09-26 | 2006-09-07 | Noven Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Miami | Bio-klebemittelzusammensetzungen |
JPH11222443A (ja) * | 1997-11-11 | 1999-08-17 | Saitama Daiichi Seiyaku Kk | 経皮吸収促進組成物および経皮吸収製剤 |
JP2001064205A (ja) * | 1999-06-25 | 2001-03-13 | Dai Ichi Seiyaku Co Ltd | 製剤組成物 |
JP2002020274A (ja) | 2000-06-12 | 2002-01-23 | San-A Seiyaku Kk | 非ステロイド性消炎鎮痛剤の外用貼付剤および外用貼付薬 |
ATE464887T1 (de) * | 2001-05-31 | 2010-05-15 | Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co | Perkutan resorbierbare pflaster |
JP3668728B2 (ja) * | 2002-08-26 | 2005-07-06 | 祐徳薬品工業株式会社 | 外用貼付剤及び外用貼付剤中の薬物のエステル化抑制方法 |
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JP4584620B2 (ja) * | 2004-04-30 | 2010-11-24 | 久光製薬株式会社 | 消炎鎮痛外用剤 |
EP1815852B1 (en) | 2004-11-05 | 2017-01-25 | Lead Chemical Co. Ltd. | Nonaqueous preparation for percutaneous absorption containing nonsteroidal antiflammatory analgesic |
JP4939113B2 (ja) * | 2005-06-01 | 2012-05-23 | ニプロパッチ株式会社 | 貼付剤 |
KR101488804B1 (ko) * | 2006-12-06 | 2015-02-04 | 니프로 패치 가부시키가이샤 | 외용 의약 조성물 및 첩부제 |
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- 2007-12-06 JP JP2008548340A patent/JP5351518B2/ja active Active
- 2007-12-06 CN CNA2007800446646A patent/CN101553213A/zh active Pending
- 2007-12-06 CN CN201210104339.7A patent/CN102698278B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-12-06 US US12/448,072 patent/US20100022614A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-12-06 CA CA002671636A patent/CA2671636A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-12-06 EP EP07850225A patent/EP2116234A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-12-06 JP JP2007316286A patent/JP2008163017A/ja active Pending
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CN1462187A (zh) * | 2001-05-23 | 2003-12-17 | 株式会社脱苦海 | 供局部使用的止痛抗炎贴剂 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR101488804B1 (ko) | 2015-02-04 |
US20120178788A1 (en) | 2012-07-12 |
JP5475178B2 (ja) | 2014-04-16 |
JP2008163017A (ja) | 2008-07-17 |
CN102698278A (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
JP2013227355A (ja) | 2013-11-07 |
KR20090098966A (ko) | 2009-09-18 |
CN101553213A (zh) | 2009-10-07 |
CA2671636A1 (en) | 2008-06-12 |
EP2116234A1 (en) | 2009-11-11 |
JP5351518B2 (ja) | 2013-11-27 |
WO2008069283A1 (ja) | 2008-06-12 |
US20100022614A1 (en) | 2010-01-28 |
EP2116234A4 (en) | 2012-01-18 |
JPWO2008069283A1 (ja) | 2010-03-25 |
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