CN102652480B - Vegetation recovery method for acid metal mine solid waste stock dump - Google Patents
Vegetation recovery method for acid metal mine solid waste stock dump Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a vegetation recovery method for an acid metal mine solid waste stock dump, comprising the following steps of: stabilizing the stock dump; building a slope-surface water supply and drain system; carrying out anti-seepage isolation on a surface layer; filling and sealing the surface layer of the stock dump, so as to form a filling layer, and spraying and adsorbing a flexible anti-seepage isolation material, so as to form an anti-seepage isolation layer; paving vegetation cushions, and fixing in an anchoring way; paving bi-way geogrids, and fixing the geogrids and the vegetation cushions on the slope surface together by rivets; sequentially spraying plant-growing matrixes and seed layers; and covering vegetation carpets on the surface. According to the vegetation recovery method for the acid metal mine solid waste stock dump, the problem of environment pollution caused by various pollutants on the acid metal mine solid waste stock dump can be effectively reduced, a stock dump vegetation system can be recovered, the green vegetation area can be enlarged, and a good environment can be built.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the restoration of the ecosystem field, include the restoration of the ecosystem of the special site conditions such as refuse dump, non-ferrous metal mine, Tailings Dam, production face, be specifically related to a kind of acid metal mine solid waste container yard vegetation recovering method.
Background technology
The events such as " arsenic poison ", " blood lead ", " cadmium rice " take place frequently, and allow heavy metal pollution become one of public accident of greatest concern.At present China is due in the exploitation at heavy metal, smelting, process, causes many heavy metals to enter atmosphere, water, soil as lead, mercury, cadmium, cobalt etc. and causes serious environmental pollution.The environmental pollution that is caused by heavy metal or its compound, it is very harmful to environment and biology, simultaneously, it is the enrichment by food chain easily, caused at present countries in the world scientists' great attention, therefore, China's " heavy metal pollution integrated control " 12 " planning " becomes the ad hoc planning of the formal reply of first State Council.
In the processes such as non-ferrous metal exploitation, smelting, the particularly long-term stacking of the solid waste accumulation bodies such as refuse dump, Tailings Dam, metallurgical slag, become the main source of heavy metal pollution, as without science, disposed and administer, along with rainfall and atmospheric air circulation, to cause the pollution of river, soil, underground water, cause surface vegetation, hydrobiological death, environment for human survival is caused to the destruction that is difficult to recover.Strengthen the comprehensive regulation of the solid waste accumulation bodies such as refuse dump, Tailings Dam, metallurgical slag, recover the accumulation area vegetation, the reconstruction of stability ecosystem, fundamentally alleviate and progressively effect a radical cure Tailings Dam secondary pollution phenomenon, is one of important content of current China Heavy Metal Pollution Control.
Top layer, solid waste stockyard, acid metal mine mostly is rubble, dregs, and is loosely organized, and poor stability, be difficult to store soil and moisture, and plant can't grow, and ecotope is difficult to nature and recovers.In addition, be subjected to weathering and rainfall leaching, the harmful toxic matter in solid waste very easily enters river and underground water with precipitation, causes environmental pollution on a large scale and ecological degeneration.Therefore, how to prevent leaching by precipitation and weathering, fast quick-recovery vegetation, the science that become cracks the important channel of solid waste stockyard, acid metal mine ecological environment problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of acid metal mine solid waste container yard vegetation recovering method.
In order to realize purpose of the present invention, a kind of acid metal provided by the invention mine solid waste container yard vegetation recovering method, it comprises the steps:
(1) processing is stablized in stockyard: the heap body is cut to the slope off-load, according to the gradient that is not more than natural repose angle, reduce the gradient, form with trapezoidal domatic stockyard with cutting the slope platform;
(2) build the slope drainage system: described trapezoidal domatic and cut slope and build horizontal stroke, longitudinal drain ditch on flat in step (1), in domatic outer rim, build intercepting drain, the drain dyke composition drainage system that is interconnected;
(3) top layer antiseepage isolation: in step (2), build and on the stockyard of domatic section drainage system, implement top layer and fill sealing, form packed layer, spray attachment flexible barrier isolated material, form top layer, stockyard antiseepage separation layer afterwards;
(4) on the stockyard of step (3) formation top layer antiseepage separation layer, lay the vegetation pad, and adopt anchorage style to fix;
(5) lay direction earthwork grille after step (4), and adopt holdfast by GSZ, vegetation pad be fixed in the lump domatic on;
(6) after step (5), spray and plant living matrix and seed layer planting to be covered with successively;
(7) the stockyard surface coverage vegetation blanket after step (6).
Wherein, in step (1), the length of grade step is preferably 3-8m, cuts the slope berm width and is preferably 1-3m.
In step (1), flexible material, the eco-drainage ditch of preferred flexible material and bellows drain ditch are adopted in drain ditch; Coarse sand, fine sand or rammed earth are adopted in drain ditch bottom, and design size need be carried out hydrology calculation, draining ditch depth 30-50cm generally, top width 50-100cm; Described bellows is bright/dark bellows preferably, and the diameter of bellows is preferably 20-50cm.
Step (1) also is included in toe and the platform inboard arranges barricade, blocks and highly be preferably 50-100cm in the platform inboard, and the toe wall height is preferably 100-150cm; Barricade adopts ecology bag barricade or stone masonry barricade, and wherein ecology bag is the satchel that soil or rubble are housed.
Wherein, the closed material of the filling of top layer described in step (3) comprises the composition of following percentage by weight: bentonite 5-10%, diatomite 5-10%, vermiculite 5-10%, soda acid modifying agent 10-20%, vegetable fiber 5-10%, microorganism compost 5-15%, soil-solidified-agent 1-5%, soil 20-54%; The thickness of described packed layer is 3-7cm.Described packing material adopts special-purpose dry spraying machine to be ejected into the accumulation body top layer, at spray material port, adds water and mixes, and the solid water ratio is 7-9: 3-1, is preferably 9: 1.Described each composition is conventional commercially available prod on market, and wherein, acid soil improving agent is purchased from Su Kehan biotechnology Co., Ltd; Vegetable fiber is purchased from dimension municipal works Co., Ltd of Shanghai nation; Microorganism compost is purchased from Jiangsu Lvzhiyuan Ecological Construction Co., Ltd.; Soil-solidified-agent is purchased from Beijing Green Qidian Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd.
Described antiseepage isolated material comprises the composition of following percentage by weight: ecological sand 80-90%, water soluble polyurethane resin (W-OH) solution 10-20%, and wherein the W-OH solution concentration is 5-20%; Described antiseepage separation layer thickness is preferably 1-2cm.Wherein, ecological sand is the benevolence creation state sand that the scientific and technological group of benevolence wound produces; Water soluble polyurethane resin is purchased from Jiangsu ATK Environmental Engineering Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd..
Described antiseepage isolated material spray attachment mode is to adopt dry spraying machine with liquid medicine, to separate sprayer operating type simultaneously.When specifically with dry spraying machine, spraying ecological sand, medication moisture sprays the W-OH aqueous solution from sprayer, in the ecological sand of spray material port, W-OH aqueous solution, at packed layer top layer rapid solidification, forms the antiseepage separation layer.Wherein, dry spraying machine is the sow grass seeds by duster dry spraying machine of the PZ-5 type that machinery plant produces of Zhengzhou City's blue mountains and green waters; Liquid medicine separates sprayer and is commonly called as sprayer or liquid medicine machine, for Jiangsu ATK Environmental Engineering Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd. produces.
Wherein, the described vegetation pad of step (4) splices laying from top to bottom; The material that described anchoring is used is preferably one or more in hard timber, bamboo let or holdfast; The diameter of described timber is preferably 5-8cm, and length is preferably 50-100cm, and laying density is preferably 2-3 square metre every.By laying the vegetation pad, strengthen ability and the provisions usefulness of planting layer water draining and accumulating, effectively improve acid metal mine container yard vegetation recovery effects.
Wherein, in step (5), described GSZ is preferably SS20 type direction earthwork grille, and it is made by the non-degradable plastic material, as PP type fiber, polyamide or polyamide fibre etc.; The mesh size of GSZ is preferably 4cm * 4cm.GSZ has good pliability and tensile strength, in engineering, plays reinforced action, guarantees that planting living substrate layer adheres in domatic long-term stability.
Wherein, in step (6), describedly planting the core material that living matrix is the slope greening technology, is the media base of plant life and the source that the required moisture of plant growth, nutrient continue supply.Mainly by there being one or more in biological compost, inorganic mineral, soil, an agent, water-loss reducer, adhesive or slow-release fertilizer formulated, stromal thickness is preferably 8-10cm.
Described seed layer comprises plants living matrix and seed, and its thickness is preferably 2-4cm, and those skilled in the art can select suitable grain weight and Bamboo resource as required, and it is that master, herbaceous plant are auxiliary that plant seed adopts the suitable shrub of giving birth in native soil.The living base material of planting in Seed Layer can be with to plant the living base material of planting of living substrate layer identical or different.
In step (6), described vegetation blanket is comprised of one or both braidings in straw or monkey grass, and it is by the graticule mode, to sew up the tilting blanket of formation, and thickness is preferably 0.5-1.5cm, and the ratio of the two can be adjusted arbitrarily.The preferred plant stalk.
The present invention also provides the application of said method in repairing acid metal mine solid waste container yard vegetation.
Vegetation pad of the present invention is this area vegetation pad conventional used, domatic water draining and accumulating layer, greening backing layer and surface coating, consists of, and by the graticule mode, sews up the formation cushion.Domatic water draining and accumulating layer is made by the water penetration composite, surface coating is comprised of the natural plant fibre net, but is natural degradation.The present invention lays the vegetation pad on side slope, this vegetation pad can increase roughness, improves the adhesive strength of planting living substrate layer.Simultaneously, can effectively to the interflow in the planting layer, retain, dredge, promote the unnecessary precipitation that penetrates in the planting layer to discharge fast, and can store a certain amount of rainfall, strengthen domatic base material stability, effectively improve the slope vegetation growth conditions.
The present invention is used plants living matrix, and it is the core material of slope greening technology, is the media base of plant life and the source that the required moisture of plant growth, nutrient continue supply.Mainly by material formulations such as organic compost, inorganic mineral, soil, an agent, water-loss reducer, slow-release fertilizers, formed.And the conventional method that living matrix is this area is planted in preparation, and those skilled in the art can prepare the living matrix of planting of variety classes and different proportionings as required.Material used also all is commercially available.
The vegetation blanket that the present invention is used, it is the main material of slope greening technology, mainly contains straw and makes, and covers on seed layer, play water conservation, soil moisture conservation, be incubated, prevent the effect such as Rainfall simulator erosion, be that plant germination is created good environment.
In a word, acid metal provided by the invention mine solid waste container yard vegetation recovering method, not only can effectively reduce the problem of environmental pollution of the many pollutants in solid waste stockyard, acid metal mine, and can increase the green area of planting, and builds good environment.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is metal mine solid waste storage yard structure figure of the present invention.
In figure, the 1-vegetation blanket; The 2-seed layer; 3 plant living matrix; The 4-direction earthwork grille; 5 vegetation pads; 6-heap surface layer antiseepage separation layer; The 7-anchoring material.
Embodiment
Following examples are used for the present invention is described, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
1, stockyard is stable processes, and according to the improvement design in this solid waste stockyard, stability assessment is carried out in the solid waste stockyard, and implements the stable treatment measures with necessity.
(1) accumulation body is cut to the slope off-load according to length of grade 8m step, cutting the slope berm width is 1.5m.
(2) after implementing the side slope the shape handles, to cutting the slope platform, tamp, strengthen the stability of side slope.
(3) build the slope drainage system: build the slope drainage facility, in domatic outer rim, build intercepting drain, cut slope platform and the horizontal and vertical drain ditch of domatic laying.Consider the accumulation body present situation of drowning oneself, drain dyke need adopt flexible material, main ecological intercepting drain and bright/dark bellows drain dyke of adopting, coarse sand, fine sand or rammed earth are adopted in the bottom, drain ditch, the outer rim ecology ditch depth 40cm that intercepts water, top width 50cm, platform transverse drainage ditch depth 30cm, top width 40cm, it is the bellows of 20cm that domatic longitudinal drain ditch adopts diameter.
(4) for strengthening the stability of accumulation body, at toe and platform inboard, barricade is set, height is blocked at 50cm in the platform inboard, and toe wall height 110cm adopts the ecology bag barricade.
2, top layer antiseepage isolation, application solid waste stockyard, acid metal mine top layer antiseepage isolation technique method, after implementing the filling sealing of top layer, stockyard, spray attachment flexible barrier separation layer.
(1) prepare closed material; Described closed material comprises the composition of following percentage by weight: bentonite 5%, diatomite 5%, vermiculite 5%, acid modifying agent 14%, vegetable fiber 10%, microorganism compost 5%, soil-solidified-agent 2% and soil 54%.Described packing material adopts special-purpose dry spraying machine to be ejected into the accumulation body top layer, at spray material port, adds water and mixes, and the solid water ratio is 9: 1;
(2) fill in the space, top layer: closed material is filled into to the accumulation body surface, and average thickness is 4cm;
(3) prepare the antiseepage isolated material: described antiseepage isolated material comprises the composition of following percentage by weight: ecological sand 85%, water soluble polyurethane resin (W-OH) solution 15%, and wherein the W-OH solution concentration is 5%;
(4) top layer antiseepage isolation: adopt dry spraying machine to separate sprayer operating type simultaneously with liquid medicine, when with dry spraying machine, spraying ecological sand, medication moisture sprays the W-OH aqueous solution from sprayer, in the ecological sand of spray material port, W-OH aqueous solution, at packed layer top layer rapid solidification, form the antiseepage separation layer.The thickness of described top layer antiseepage separation layer is 1cm.
3,, after the antiseepage separation layer is fixed, lays the vegetation pad, and adopt the timber anchoring.The vegetation pad takes to splice laying from top to bottom, adopts diameter 5cm, and the hard timber of long 50cm is fixed, and density is 3 square metres every.
4, lay direction earthwork grille, and adopt holdfast by GSZ, vegetation pad be fixed in the lump domatic on.
Lay GSZ (generally adopting SS20 type direction earthwork grille), and use the holdfast anchoring.Earth work grille net is made by non-degradable plastics PP material, and general mesh size is 4cm * 4cm.Have good pliability and tensile strength, in engineering, play reinforced action, guarantee that planting living hypothallus adheres in domatic long-term stability.
5, successively spray and plant living matrix and seed layer.
Planting the core material that living matrix is the slope greening technology, is the media base of plant life and the source that the required moisture of plant growth, nutrient continue supply.Main formulated by the composition of following weight ratio: soil 100kg, biological compost 15kg, peat 5kg, wood chip 5kg, vermiculite 3kg, water-loss reducer 30g, adhesive 35g.Stromal thickness is 8cm.
Spray seed layer.Thickness is 3cm, seed layer comprises plants living matrix and seed, those skilled in the art can select suitable grain weight and Bamboo resource as required, it is that master, herbaceous plant are auxiliary that plant seed adopts the suitable shrub of giving birth in native soil, as shrub lespedeza, glossy privet, tree-of-heaven, Albizzia kalkora, shrubby flase indigo, horse sour jujube, locust tree, Festuca Arundinacea, coreopsis, Bermuda grass.The living matrix of planting in Seed Layer can be with to plant the living matrix of planting of living hypothallus identical or different.
6, surface coverage vegetation blanket
After the seed layer sprayed construction, the vegetation blanket (the thick 0.5cm of blanket) that is formed by straw and monkey grass braiding is laid on surface, prevents that rainfall from, to the washing away of seed layer, strengthening the soil moisture conservation effect, improves emergence rate and the storage rate of seed.
After implementing half a year, the container yard vegetation cover degree reaches 75%, and the shrub growing height reaches the 40cm left and right, the whole upgrowth situation of vegetation is good, rainy day observation, the rainwater that infiltrates earth's surface, store fully in the vegetation pad, required for plant growth, the vegetation pad stores after full and infiltrates moisture and flow out along separation layer.After 1 year, the container yard vegetation growth is vigorous, and the shrub plant root system normally penetrates the vegetation pad, and well-grown, and growth does not impact to vegetation root system.
Embodiment 2
1, stockyard is stable processes, and according to the improvement design in this solid waste stockyard, stability assessment is carried out in the solid waste stockyard, and implements the stable treatment measures with necessity.
(1) accumulation body is cut to the slope off-load according to length of grade 6m step, cutting the slope berm width is 2m.
(2) after implementing the side slope the shape handles, to cutting the slope platform, tamp, strengthen the stability of side slope.
(3) build the slope drainage system: build the slope drainage facility, in domatic outer rim, build drain dyke, cut slope platform and the horizontal and vertical drain ditch of domatic laying.Consider the accumulation body present situation of drowning oneself, drain dyke need adopt flexible material, main eco-drainage ditch and bright/dark bellows drain dyke of adopting, coarse sand, fine sand or rammed earth are adopted in the bottom, drain ditch, the dark 50cm of the ecological drain dyke of outer rim, top width 60cm, platform transverse drainage ditch depth 40, top width 50, it is the bellows of 30cm that domatic longitudinal drain ditch adopts diameter.
(4) for strengthening the stability of accumulation body, at toe and platform inboard, barricade is set, height is blocked at 60cm in the platform inboard, and toe wall height 90cm adopts the ecology bag barricade.
2, top layer antiseepage isolation, application solid waste stockyard, acid metal mine top layer antiseepage isolation technique method, after implementing the filling sealing of top layer, stockyard, spray attachment flexible barrier separation layer.
(1) prepare closed material; Described closed material comprises the composition of following percentage by weight: bentonite 8%, diatomite 8%, vermiculite 5%, acid soil improving agent 10%, vegetable fiber 10%, microorganism compost 10%, soil-solidified-agent 1% and soil 48%.Described packing material adopts special-purpose dry spraying machine to be ejected into the accumulation body top layer, at spray material port, adds water and mixes, and the solid water ratio is 8: 2;
(2) fill in the space, top layer: closed material is filled into to the accumulation body surface, and average thickness is 5cm;
(3) prepare the antiseepage isolated material: described antiseepage isolated material comprises the composition of following percentage by weight: ecological sand 90%, water soluble polyurethane resin (W-OH) solution 10%, and wherein the W-OH solution concentration is 8%;
(4) top layer antiseepage isolation: adopt dry spraying machine to separate sprayer operating type simultaneously with liquid medicine, when with dry spraying machine, spraying ecological sand, medication moisture sprays the W-OH aqueous solution from sprayer, in the ecological sand of spray material port, W-OH aqueous solution, at packed layer top layer rapid solidification, form the antiseepage separation layer.The thickness of described top layer antiseepage separation layer is 1.5cm.
3,, after the antiseepage separation layer is fixed, lays the vegetation pad, and adopt the timber anchoring.The vegetation pad takes to splice laying from top to bottom, adopts diameter 5cm, and the anchor log stake of long 70cm is fixed, and density is 2 square metres every.
4, lay direction earthwork grille, and adopt holdfast by GSZ, vegetation pad be fixed in the lump domatic on.
Paving is hung GSZ (generally adopting SS20 type direction earthwork grille), and uses the holdfast anchoring.Earth work grille net is made by non-degradable plastics PP material, and general mesh size is 4cm * 4cm.Have good pliability and tensile strength, in engineering, play reinforced action, guarantee that planting living hypothallus adheres in domatic long-term stability.
5, successively spray and plant living matrix and seed layer.
Planting the core material that living matrix is the slope greening technology, is the media base of plant life and the source that the required moisture of plant growth, nutrient continue supply.Main formulated by the composition of following weight ratio: soil 90kg, biological compost 10kg, peat 10kg, wood chip 10kg, vermiculite 5kg, water-loss reducer 20g, adhesive 20g.Stromal thickness is 8cm.
Spray seed layer.Thickness is 3cm, seed layer comprises plants living matrix and seed, those skilled in the art can select suitable grain weight and Bamboo resource as required, it is that master, herbaceous plant are auxiliary that plant seed adopts the suitable shrub of giving birth in native soil, as shrub lespedeza, shrubby flase indigo, locust tree, horse sour jujube, Albizzia kalkora, Festuca Arundinacea, wild flower combination.The living matrix of planting in Seed Layer can be with to plant the living matrix of planting of living hypothallus identical or different.
6, surface coverage vegetation blanket
After the seed layer sprayed construction, surface is laid vegetation blanket (the thick 1.5cm of the blanket) vegetation blanket that is formed by the straw braiding and is covered, and prevents that rainfall from, to the washing away of seed layer, strengthening the soil moisture conservation effect, improves emergence rate and the storage rate of seed.
Implement after 1 year, the container yard vegetation cover degree reaches more than 85%, and the shrub growing height reaches the 1m left and right, and the whole upgrowth situation of vegetation is good, and all kinds of shrubs are evenly distributed, and have normally spent the hot-dry season in a year.Rainy day observation, the rainwater that infiltrates earth's surface, store fully in the vegetation pad, and is required for plant growth, and the vegetation pad stores after full and infiltrates moisture and flow out along separation layer.The container yard vegetation growth is vigorous, and the shrub plant root system normally penetrates the vegetation pad, and well-grown, and growth does not impact to vegetation root system, and the seedling of existing peripheral indigenous tree species planting growth is found in investigation, and whole revegetation effect is remarkable.
Embodiment 3
1, stockyard is stable processes, and according to the improvement design in this solid waste stockyard, stability assessment is carried out in the solid waste stockyard, and implements the stable treatment measures with necessity.
(1) accumulation body is cut to the slope off-load according to length of grade 5m step, cutting the slope berm width is 1m.
(2) after implementing the side slope the shape handles, to cutting the slope platform, tamp, strengthen the stability of side slope.
(3) build the slope drainage system: build the slope drainage facility, in domatic outer rim, build drain dyke, domatic laying longitudinal drain ditch.Consider the accumulation body present situation of drowning oneself, drain dyke need adopt flexible material, main eco-drainage ditch and bright/dark bellows drain dyke of adopting, coarse sand, fine sand or rammed earth are adopted in the bottom, drain ditch, the dark 40cm of the ecological drain dyke of outer rim, top width 60cm, it is the bellows of 30cm that domatic longitudinal drain ditch adopts diameter.
(4) for strengthening the stability of accumulation body, at toe and platform inboard, barricade is set, height is blocked at 50cm in the platform inboard, and toe wall height 150cm adopts the ecology bag barricade.
2, top layer antiseepage isolation, application solid waste stockyard, acid metal mine top layer antiseepage isolation technique method, after implementing the filling sealing of top layer, stockyard, spray attachment flexible barrier separation layer.
(1) prepare closed material; Described closed material comprises the composition of following percentage by weight: bentonite 10%, diatomite 10%, vermiculite 8%, acid soil improving agent 15%, vegetable fiber 10%, microorganism compost 15%, soil-solidified-agent 2% and soil 30%.Described packing material adopts special-purpose dry spraying machine to be ejected into the accumulation body top layer, at spray material port, adds water and mixes, and the solid water ratio is 7: 3;
(2) fill in the space, top layer: closed material is filled into to the accumulation body surface, and average thickness is 6cm;
(3) prepare the antiseepage isolated material: described antiseepage isolated material comprises the composition of following percentage by weight: ecological sand 80%, water soluble polyurethane resin (W-OH) solution 20%, and wherein the W-OH solution concentration is 10%;
(4) top layer antiseepage isolation: adopt dry spraying machine to separate sprayer operating type simultaneously with liquid medicine, when with dry spraying machine, spraying ecological sand, medication moisture sprays the W-OH aqueous solution from sprayer, in the ecological sand of spray material port, W-OH aqueous solution, at packed layer top layer rapid solidification, form the antiseepage separation layer.The thickness of described top layer antiseepage separation layer is 2cm.
3,, after the antiseepage separation layer is fixed, lays the vegetation pad, and adopt the timber anchoring.The vegetation pad takes isosceles triangle from top to bottom to lay, and adopts diameter 5cm, and the bamboo let of long 70cm is fixed, and density is 3 square metres every.
4, lay direction earthwork grille, and adopt holdfast by GSZ, vegetation pad be fixed in the lump domatic on.
Paving is hung GSZ (generally adopting SS20 type direction earthwork grille), and uses the holdfast anchoring.Earth work grille net is made by non-degradable plastics PE material, and general mesh size is 4cm * 4cm.Have good pliability and tensile strength, in engineering, play reinforced action, guarantee that planting living hypothallus adheres in domatic long-term stability.
5, successively spray and plant living matrix and seed layer.
Planting the core material that living matrix is the slope greening technology, is the media base of plant life and the source that the required moisture of plant growth, nutrient continue supply.Main formulated by the composition of following weight ratio: soil 100kg, biological compost 20kg, peat 10kg, wood chip 10kg, vermiculite 8kg, water-loss reducer 15g, adhesive 40g.Stromal thickness is 8cm.
Spray seed layer.Thickness is 2cm, seed layer comprises plants living base material and seed, those skilled in the art can select suitable grain weight and Bamboo resource as required, it is that master, herbaceous plant are auxiliary that plant seed adopts the suitable shrub of giving birth in native soil, as shrub lespedeza, glossy privet, Albizzia kalkora, shrubby flase indigo, locust tree, coreopsis combination.The living matrix of planting in Seed Layer can be with to plant the living matrix of planting of living hypothallus identical or different.
6, surface coverage vegetation blanket
After the seed layer sprayed construction, surface is laid vegetation blanket (the thick 1cm of the blanket) vegetation blanket that is formed by straw and monkey grass braiding and is covered, and prevents that rainfall from, to the washing away of seed layer, strengthening the soil moisture conservation effect, improves emergence rate and the storage rate of seed.
After implementing half a year, the container yard vegetation cover degree reaches more than 80%, and the shrub growing height reaches 30-40cm, and the whole upgrowth situation of vegetation is good, and shrub plant is evenly distributed.Rainy day observation, the rainwater that infiltrates earth's surface, store fully in the vegetation pad, and is required for plant growth, and the vegetation pad stores after full and infiltrates moisture and flow out along separation layer.After 2 years, the container yard vegetation growth is vigorous, vegetation coverage reaches more than 85%, shrub vegetation's growth is vigorous, average height reaches the 1.2m left and right, and root system of plant normally penetrates the vegetation pad, and a small amount of root system has passed separation layer, do not find because acid metal ore deposit solid waste deposit produces harmful effect to plant growth the whole well-grown of vegetation.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. acid metal mine solid waste container yard vegetation recovering method, it comprises the steps:
(1) processing is stablized in stockyard: the heap body is cut to the slope off-load, according to the gradient that is not more than natural repose angle, reduce the gradient, form with trapezoidal domatic stockyard with cutting the slope platform;
(2) build domatic section drainage system: described trapezoidal domatic and cut on the platform of slope and build horizontal stroke, longitudinal drain ditch in step (1), in domatic outer rim, build intercepting drain, the drain dyke composition drainage system that is interconnected;
(3) top layer antiseepage isolation: in step (2), build and on the stockyard of domatic section drainage system, implement top layer and fill sealing, form packed layer, spray attachment flexible barrier isolated material, form top layer, stockyard antiseepage separation layer afterwards;
(4) on the stockyard of step (3) formation top layer antiseepage separation layer, lay the vegetation pad, and adopt anchorage style to fix;
(5) lay direction earthwork grille after step (4), and adopt holdfast by GSZ, vegetation pad be fixed in the lump domatic on;
(6) after step (5), spray and plant living matrix and seed layer planting to be covered with successively;
(7) the stockyard surface coverage vegetation blanket after step (6);
The composition that material therefor comprises following percentage by weight is filled on top layer described in step (3): bentonite 5-10%, diatomite 5-10%, vermiculite 5-10%, soda acid soil conditioner 10-20%, vegetable fiber 5-10%, microorganism compost 5-15%, soil-solidified-agent 1-5%, soil 20-54%; The thickness of described packed layer is 3-7cm;
Described in step (3), the antiseepage isolated material comprises the composition of following percentage by weight: ecological sand 80-90%, water soluble polyurethane resin solution concentration are 5-20%; Described antiseepage separation layer thickness is 1-2cm.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (1), the heap body is cut the slope off-load according to length of grade 3-8m step, and cutting the slope berm width is 1-3m.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, drain ditch described in step (2) is eco-drainage ditch and the bellows drain ditch of adopting flexible material, and coarse sand, fine sand or rammed earth are adopted in the bottom, drain ditch; Draining ditch depth 30-50cm, top width 50-100cm.
4. as the described method of claim 1-3 any one, it is characterized in that, step (1) also is included in toe and the platform inboard arranges barricade, and height is blocked at 50-100cm in the platform inboard, toe wall height 100-150cm.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described in step (4), the vegetation pad takes to splice laying from top to bottom.
6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described in step (6), GSZ is SS20 type direction earthwork grille, and it is made by the non-degradable plastic material.
7. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, described in step (6), plant living matrix and be by one or more in biological compost, inorganic mineral, soil, an agent, water-loss reducer, adhesive or slow-release fertilizer and be prepared from, stromal thickness is 8-10cm; Described seed layer comprises plants living matrix and seed, and its thickness is 2-4cm.
8. the application of the described method of claim 1-7 any one in repairing acid metal mine solid waste container yard vegetation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012101266605A CN102652480B (en) | 2012-04-26 | 2012-04-26 | Vegetation recovery method for acid metal mine solid waste stock dump |
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