CN109548552A - The construction method of mango is planted on High aititude, the barren coal gangue hill of arid - Google Patents
The construction method of mango is planted on High aititude, the barren coal gangue hill of arid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109548552A CN109548552A CN201910012404.5A CN201910012404A CN109548552A CN 109548552 A CN109548552 A CN 109548552A CN 201910012404 A CN201910012404 A CN 201910012404A CN 109548552 A CN109548552 A CN 109548552A
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- Prior art keywords
- coal gangue
- mango
- gangue hill
- barren
- arid
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of construction methods, especially disclose a kind of construction method for planting mango on High aititude, the barren coal gangue hill of arid, belong to mining production gurry environment-friendly treating process technical field.A kind of construction method that mango plantation can be carried out on the barren artificial massif constituted with gangue gurry of arid is provided.The construction method is based on filling out the coal gangue hill slopes for grinding qualified, it is changed by the digging tree well processed on the step surface of the coal gangue hill slopes and in the tree well after filling out planting soil, degradable waterproofing membrane is covered on the planting soil again, finally that the system of educating is qualified mango seedling, through the plantation of the equal mixing of nutrition material and cultivating soil into the tree well above waterproofing membrane, and the plantation work of mango is completed in compacting of watering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of construction methods, plant on High aititude, the barren coal gangue hill of arid more particularly, to one kind
The construction method of mango belongs to mining production gurry environment-friendly treating process technical field.
Background technique
Coal accounts for 74% or so as the disposable energy in China's Energy Mix ratio, gangue, that is, coal mining process and
The spoil being discharged during coal washing, accounts for the 15%-20% of raw coal output, and existing coal gangue hill more than 1500, China's emphasis coal mine,
Accumulating amount takes up an area 1.33 ten thousand hectares up to more than 40 hundred million tons.Gangue is just increased with 1.5 × 109 tons of annual emissions of speed at present, newly
Increase about more than 300~400 ten thousand square metres of occupied area.The seriously polluted destruction ecology of mining areas system of gangue, influences revegetation,
Destroy plant growth medium.Such as two 79.4 ten thousand m of coal gangue hill area in somewhere2, it is in Jinsha jiang River bank level-one water source guarantor
It protects in area, 30 meters from periphery enterprise of proximal most position, only 100 meters of highway, so green to hillock progress comprehensive treatment, vegetation
Change, establishes stable, the efficient hillock artificial vegetation ecosystem, and make further orchard and/or agriculture on this basis
Groundization using be thoroughly improve the ecological environment, one of the Processes For Effective Conversion to turn bane into boon.
It is all the vegetation that tool is limited to existing massif although occurring some technologies in terms of the phytoremediation of mine at present
Change based on repairing, there is no provide a reference as the artificial massif constituted with gangue gurry this to the application repair
The prior art.How according to the actual situation, the coal gangue hill to respective varying environment under the conditions of, especially to height above sea level
Greatly, the gradient steep, arid and barren coal gangue hill progress restoration of the ecosystem and land resourceization utilization, and combine local climate item
Part carries out the administering method that orchardization utilizes and generates the consideration of the comprehensive angles such as maximum economic benefit and becomes for art technology
Personnel's technical problem urgently to be solved.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: providing a kind of can be constituted with gangue gurry arid is barren
The construction method of mango plantation is carried out on artificial massif.
Used technical solution is to solve above-mentioned technical problem: a kind of on High aititude, the barren coal gangue hill of arid
The construction method of mango is planted, the construction method is based on filling out the coal gangue hill slopes for grinding qualified, by the coal
After digging tree well processed on the step surface of hillock slopes and being changed in the tree well and fill out planting soil, then cover on the planting soil
If degradable waterproofing membrane, finally that the system of educating is qualified mango seedling passes through the equal mixing of nutrition material and cultivating soil
It plants in the tree well above waterproofing membrane, and the plantation work of mango is completed in compacting of watering.
Further, first filling out the bastard coal for grinding qualified before digging tree well processed on the step surface of the coal gangue hill slopes
The loess of not low 20 ㎝ of a layer thickness and compacting are covered in tor slopes, then carry out the digging system of the tree well again.
The preferred mode of the above solution is that first carrying out analysis of components to coal gangue hill slopes before the system of the digging tree well
And exudation analysis of experiments is done, confirm that the composition of coal gangue hill slopes and diffusate carry out mango to the harmless rear of application
Set the plantation of digging pit of seedling.
Further, the ingredient and its content of the qualified coal gangue hill slopes obtained by exudation test and constituent analysis
For SiO2: 52-65%, Al2O3: 16-36%, Fe2O3: 2.4-14.6%, CaO:0.32-2.42%.
The preferred mode of the above solution is that the nutrition material includes decomposed manure and phosphate fertilizer, the cultivation soil
Earth is the radix rehmanniae preparata soil shipped from outside.
Further, the tree well described in each is dug by following sizes and is made, length × wide × depth=1.2m × 1.2m ×
1.2m。
The preferred mode of the above solution is that the gap between two neighboring tree well is not less than 4m on level-one step.
Further, the degradative phase of the waterproofing membrane is not 60 days low.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the application construction method is led to based on filling out the coal gangue hill slopes for grinding qualified
It crosses after digging tree well processed on the step surface of the coal gangue hill slopes and being changed in the tree well and fill out planting soil, then described
Degradable waterproofing membrane is covered on planting soil, finally that the system of educating is qualified mango seedling passes through nutrition material and cultivation soil
The equal mixing of earth is planted into the tree well above waterproofing membrane, and the plantation work of mango is completed in compacting of watering.Due to this Shen
Please before mango seedling replanting, the displacement of planting soil first is carried out to tree well, and also cover on the planting soil after displacement
Degradable waterproofing membrane so as to effectively guarantee fruit tree transplanting just requirement to moisture, furthermore again upper is prevented in described
Water film is degradable, in this way, surviving with seedling, waterproofing membrane can also degrade over time, Jin Erbao
Requirement in card transplanting later period and fruit tree developmental process to moisture, soil and nutrient realizes that the application is barren in arid
The purpose of mango plantation is carried out on the artificial massif constituted with gangue gurry.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the fruit that the present invention plants that the construction method of mango is related on High aititude, the barren coal gangue hill of arid
Set young transplanting initial stage schematic diagram.
In the figure, it is marked as coal gangue hill slopes 1, tree well 2, planting soil 3, waterproofing membrane 4, mango seedling 5, equal mixing 6,
Loess 7.
Specific embodiment
It is that one kind provided by the invention can be in the barren artificial massif constituted with gangue gurry of arid as shown in Figure 1
The upper construction method for carrying out mango plantation.The construction method is passed through based on filling out the coal gangue hill slopes 1 for grinding qualified
After digging tree well 2 processed on the step surface of the coal gangue hill slopes 1 and being changed in the tree well 2 and fill out planting soil 3, then described
Degradable waterproofing membrane 4 is covered on planting soil 3, finally that the system of educating is qualified mango seedling 5 passes through nutrition material and cultivation
6 kinds of equal mixing of soil are planted into the tree well of 4 top of waterproofing membrane, and the plantation work of mango is completed in compacting of watering.This Shen
Please construction method be based on filling out the coal gangue hill slopes for grinding qualified, by being dug on the step surface of the coal gangue hill slopes
Tree well processed and after being changed in the tree well and filling out planting soil, then degradable waterproofing membrane is covered on the planting soil, most
The mango seedling that the system of educating is qualified afterwards passes through the equal mixing of nutrition material and cultivating soil plantation to the tree above waterproofing membrane
In hole, and the plantation work of mango is completed in compacting of watering.Since the application is before mango seedling replanting, first tree well is carried out
The displacement of planting soil, and degradable waterproofing membrane is also covered on the planting soil after displacement, so as to effectively protecting
Demonstrate,prove fruit tree transplanting just requirement to moisture, furthermore again in the waterproofing membrane be degradable, in this way, with seedling at
Living, waterproofing membrane can also degrade over time, so guarantee in transplanting later period and fruit tree developmental process to moisture,
The requirement of soil and nutrient realizes that the application carries out mango on the barren artificial massif constituted with gangue gurry of arid
The purpose of tree planting.
It is above-mentioned to apply in mode, it is that the growth of fruit tree improves suitable soil, water to realize the water conservation of massif as far as possible
Point and nutrient requirement, before the application digs tree well 2 processed on the step surface of the coal gangue hill slopes 1, first filling out grind qualification
Coal gangue hill slopes 1 on not low 20 ㎝ of covering a layer thickness loess 7 and tamp, then carry out the digging system of the tree well 2 again.
Simultaneously as raising fruit trees mainly or in order to obtain the recycling in each soil to processing gangue massif, so the production of fruit tree
It is desirable to consume for people certainly out.For this purpose, first carrying out composition point to coal gangue hill slopes 1 before the system of the digging tree well 2
Exudation analysis of experiments is analysed and done, confirms that the composition of coal gangue hill slopes 2 and diffusate carry out the harmless rear of application
The plantation of digging pit of mango seedling 5.By exudation test and constituent analysis obtain qualified coal gangue hill slopes ingredient and its
Content is SiO2: 52-65%, Al2O3: 16-36%, Fe2O3: 2.4-14.6%, CaO:0.32-2.42%.
Further, according to the ingredient of coal gangue hill hold a little, in order to as far as possible for the production of fruit tree provide light, moisture,
Nutrition and various microelements, to improve output, nutrition material described herein includes decomposed manure and phosphate fertilizer, described
Cultivating soil be from the radix rehmanniae preparata soil that ships of outside.And in plantation, the tree well 2 described in each digs system by following sizes,
Length × wide × depth=1.2m × 1.2m × 1.2m, the gap between adjacent two kinds of tree wells 2 are not less than 4m.
Meanwhile it being required according to the fruit tree seedling transplant survival phase, and meet the normal production after seedling survives, the application institute
The degradative phase for the waterproofing membrane 4 stated is not 60 days low.
In conclusion the construction method of the application be pass through bar wall with comprehensive treatment, layered rolling slope protection, gully add
Gu, cut based on the gangue massif with platform and side slope for drainning off floodwaters and being obtained with irrigation system, earthing, then carry out kind of grass and kind
Fruit tree combine hillock is permanently administered and restoration of the ecosystem for the purpose of, solid waste is become to the soil of recycling,
Plantation is suitble to the tropical fruit (tree) of growth, has both carried out safe and environment-friendly comprehensive treatment to dangerous point, while having repaired the life in the region
State environment, and the soil of high value added utilization is formd, agricultural corporation, which is such as set up, for coal mining enterprise's Transformation Development deals exclusively in
Open a road Tiao Xin.The permanent improvement for realizing hillock, had not only solved safety and environmental protection hidden danger, but also sort out using soil
A large amount of soils, and be utilized effectively, under the development plan of plantation mango, rich personnel can be effectively disposed, are realized big
The economic value of amount.
Embodiment one
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is further described:
Two coal gangue hill areas, the 79.4 Wan ㎡ in somewhere is in grade Potable Water Conservation area, Jinsha jiang River coastwise contries,
30 meters from periphery enterprise of proximal most position, 100 meters of highway, meet heavy rain be likely to form landslide etc. geological disasters to highway,
Periphery enterprise causes damages, and causes seriously to pollute to drinking water source.So comprehensive treatment, greening vegetation are carried out to hillock,
Stable, the efficient hillock artificial vegetation ecosystem is established, and utilizing to its orchardization is thoroughly to improve the ecological environment, become evil
For one of the Processes For Effective Conversion of benefit.
1, hillock improvement and restoration of the ecosystem
1) grey trough hillock height difference is 150 meters to certain coal company Hui Jia in one's power, the gradient is 50 ° or so, according to being born
Load separately designed 250 meters long, high 4 meters of bases gear cash walls, then carry out the layered rolling drop of 16 steps from top to bottom
Slope processing, be organized into gentle slope form of the inclination angle less than 25 °, the loess of 20 ㎝ covered on the slope of each step, with digging machine into
Row compacting.
2) a concrete gutter is built for receiving each step by inboard in 3~5 meters wide of each step
Percolate receipts in the gangue of top, which connect to cut with rainy season, drains off floodwaters, and the basis in every gutter is the thickness of 20 ㎜, as each oblique
The reinforcing gully on slope, and protected in the plant that each slope plants the drought-enduring well developed root system of the green such as alfalfa, Boston ivy
Slope.
3) ditch of each step is connected to from top to bottom forms percolate receipts welding system, is finally pooled to 300 cubic metres
Percolate receipts connect pond, and head-tank is pumped into after supernatant as orchard, flowers and plants water for irrigation.
2, hillock soil orchardization utilizes
1) analysis of components is carried out to gangue first, and does exudation analysis of experiments, confirmed harmless to application；
Spoil ingredient is SiO2: 52-65%, Al2O3: 16-36%, Fe2O3: 2.4-14.6%, CaO:0.32-2.42%.
After sorting out coal gangue hill tableland, in plane and slope whole earthing, plane by the spacing for the requirement that grows fruit dig 1.2m ×
1.2m × 1.2m (long × wide × deep) tree well changes and fills out planting soil, and lays degradable films to keep fruit tree seedling phase moisture content,
According to the spacing of 4m × 4m, plant economic crops mango, by 20-30 kilograms of decomposed manure, 3-5 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer and bottom in hole
Soil is sufficiently mixed, watering compacting, and according to the annual or biennial adaptability mango seedling cultivation of plantation Season select, nursery is gone
Bag plantation.
2) green in 20 ㎝ kind of slope earthing plant alfalfa, Boston ivy, Bougainvillea spectabilis for arranging the 16 grades of platforms formed etc.
The plant of the drought-enduring well developed root system of color carries out slope protection and consolidates cash, and herbage greening is planted between every mango, is forming economic value, beauty
While changing environment, soil erosion is also effectively avoided.
3) setting irrigate by lifting water to a higher level with a water pump, etc. water system, according to 15 meters of every rows of spacing spacing be arranged in parallel, water system be divided into it is dendritic and
Annular configuration ensure that comprehensive water supply needs.
After this method is implemented, the hillock that 79.4 Wan ㎡ may be implemented permanently is administered, and has not only solved safety and environmental protection hidden danger, but also
It sorts out using 800 mu of soil, and is utilized effectively, plant more than 10000 plants of mango, dispose 12 people of rich personnel, realize
1,000,000 yuan/year of economic value.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of construction method for planting mango on High aititude, the barren coal gangue hill of arid, it is characterised in that: described applies
Work method is made based on filling out the coal gangue hill slopes (1) for grinding qualified by digging on the step surface of the coal gangue hill slopes (1)
Tree well (2) and after being changed in the tree well (2) and filling out planting soil (3), then cover on the planting soil (3) degradable anti-
Water film (4), finally that the system of educating is qualified mango seedling (5), is planted by the equal mixing (6) of nutrition material and cultivating soil
In tree well above to waterproofing membrane (4), and the plantation work of mango is completed in compacting of watering.
2. the construction method according to claim 1 for planting mango on High aititude, the barren coal gangue hill of arid, special
Sign is: before digging tree well (2) processed on the step surface of the coal gangue hill slopes (1), first filling out the gangue hillside for grinding qualified
The loess (7) of not low 20 ㎝ of a layer thickness is covered on body (1) and is tamped, and then carries out the digging system of the tree well (2) again.
3. the construction method according to claim 2 for planting mango on High aititude, the barren coal gangue hill of arid, special
Sign is: before the system of the digging tree well (2), analysis of components first carried out to coal gangue hill slopes (1) and does exudation analysis of experiments,
Confirm the digging of the composition and diffusate of coal gangue hill slopes (2) to application harmless rear progress mango seedling (5)
Hole plantation.
4. the construction method according to claim 3 for planting mango on High aititude, the barren coal gangue hill of arid, special
Sign is: the ingredient and its content of the qualified coal gangue hill slopes obtained by exudation test and constituent analysis are SiO2: 52-
65%, Al2O3: 16-36%, Fe2O3: 2.4-14.6%, CaO:0.32-2.42%.
5. according to any one of claims 1 to 4 plant applying for mango on High aititude, the barren coal gangue hill of arid
Work method, it is characterised in that: the nutrition material includes decomposed manure and phosphate fertilizer, and the cultivating soil is to transport from outside
The radix rehmanniae preparata soil come.
6. the construction method according to claim 5 for planting mango on High aititude, the barren coal gangue hill of arid, special
Sign is: the tree well (2) described in each is dug by following sizes to be made, length × wide × depth=1.2m × 1.2m × 1.2m.
7. the construction method according to claim 6 for planting mango on High aititude, the barren coal gangue hill of arid, special
Sign is: on level-one step, the gap between two neighboring tree well (2) is not less than 4m.
8. the construction method according to claim 7 for planting mango on High aititude, the barren coal gangue hill of arid, special
Sign is: the degradative phase of the waterproofing membrane (4) is not 60 days low.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN110268958A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-09-24 | 陕西科技大学 | The irrigation rig and method of a kind of pair of trees |
| CN110313342A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-11 | 贵州雏阳生态环保科技有限公司 | A method of xylophyta is planted for acid weathering coal gangue storage yard |
| CN110338019A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-10-18 | 甘肃凯凯农业科技发展股份有限公司 | A kind of potato planting method using degradable mulch |
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Application publication date: 20190402 |