CN209941695U - Comprehensive treatment structure for steep slope type coal gangue dump - Google Patents
Comprehensive treatment structure for steep slope type coal gangue dump Download PDFInfo
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- CN209941695U CN209941695U CN201920023051.4U CN201920023051U CN209941695U CN 209941695 U CN209941695 U CN 209941695U CN 201920023051 U CN201920023051 U CN 201920023051U CN 209941695 U CN209941695 U CN 209941695U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a synthesize and administer the structure, especially disclose a synthesize and administer structure for abrupt slope moulded coal gangue hill, belong to mine production abandonment environmental protection processing technology field. Provides a comprehensive treatment structure for steep slope type coal gangue dump with relatively high stability after treatment. The comprehensive treatment structure comprises a slope toe waste rock blocking wall, a percolation water drainage system and a slope body formed by filling and grinding coal gangue, wherein the slope body comprises a plurality of levels of slopes and steps which gradually shrink inwards from bottom to top, and the slope toe waste rock blocking wall is arranged at the lowest end of the slope body; and the seepage water entering the slope body is discharged out of the slope body through the seepage water receiving and discharging system.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a synthesize and administer the structure, especially relate to a synthesize and administer structure for abrupt slope moulded coal hillock belongs to mine production abandonment environmental protection processing technology field.
Background
Coal is used as disposable energy, the coal gangue accounts for about 74% of the energy composition proportion in China, the coal gangue, namely the gangue discharged in the coal mining process and the coal washing process accounts for 15% -20% of the yield of raw coal, 1500 coal gangue hills in the existing coal mines in China are mainly used, the accumulation amount reaches more than 40 hundred million tons, and the occupied area is 1.33 hectare. At present, the annual emission amount of coal gangue is increased at a speed of 1.5 multiplied by 109 tons, and the newly added floor area is about 300-400 square meters. The pollution of the coal gangue seriously damages the ecological system of a mining area, influences the vegetation recovery and damages the plant growth matrix. For example, two coal gangue dump areas of 79.4 ten thousand square meters in a certain area are located in a primary water source protection area along the bank of Jinsha river, the nearest position is 30 meters away from peripheral enterprises, and the expressway is only 100 meters, so that comprehensive treatment and vegetation greening are carried out on the gangue dump, a stable and efficient artificial vegetation ecosystem of the gangue dump is established, and further orchard and/or farmlands are utilized on the basis, so that the method is one of effective utilization ways for thoroughly improving ecological environment and turning harm into good.
Although some technologies appear in the aspect of mine phytoremediation, the existing vegetation remediation technology limited to the mountain is based, and the existing technology which can be used for reference for the remediation of the artificial mountain made of the coal gangue waste is not provided. According to the actual situation, the comprehensive consideration management method for ecological restoration and land resource utilization of the coal gangue hills under different environments and conditions, particularly the coal gangue hills with large altitude, steep slope, drought and barren, orchard utilization by combining with local climate conditions to generate the maximum economic benefit and the like becomes a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses the technical problem that will solve is: provides a comprehensive treatment structure for steep slope type coal gangue dump with relatively high stability after treatment.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a comprehensive treatment structure for steep slope type coal gangue dump comprises a slope toe waste rock blocking wall, a percolation water drainage system and a slope body formed by filling and grinding coal gangue, wherein the slope body comprises a plurality of levels of slopes and steps which gradually shrink inwards from bottom to top, and the slope toe waste rock blocking wall is arranged at the lowest end of the slope body; and the seepage water entering the slope body is discharged out of the slope body through the seepage water receiving and discharging system.
Further, the height of the slope toe waste rock blocking wall is not more than 4 meters, and the length of the slope toe waste rock blocking wall is matched with that of the coal gangue dump.
The preferred mode of above-mentioned scheme is, every grade the slope of side slope is no longer than 25 degrees, every grade the width of step is 3 ~ 5 meters.
Further, the percolation water receiving and draining system comprises a percolation water receiving and draining pipe, a drainage ditch and a percolation water receiving pool, wherein the percolation water receiving pool is arranged on the outer side of the slope toe waste rock blocking wall; the drainage ditch is arranged on one side of each stage close to the upper side slope, and the output end of each drainage ditch is connected with the percolate receiving tank; a plurality of percolate drainage tubes are uniformly distributed in the cross slope of each stage along the length direction, and the outlet end of each percolate drainage tube is communicated with a drainage ditch at a corresponding position.
The preferable mode of the scheme is that the percolate collecting and discharging pipes are uniformly arranged in a slope which is 150 mm away from the bottom of the drainage ditch, and the arrangement distance between two adjacent percolate collecting and discharging pipes along the length direction in the same drainage ditch is 3-5 meters.
Further, a tamped loess layer with the thickness not less than 20 cm is further covered on the surface of the slope body.
The preferred mode of above-mentioned scheme is that the plant that green drought-enduring root system is developed is evenly arranged on the tamped loess layer of each grade side slope, and fruit trees or forest trees are planted on the step of each grade.
Furthermore, the plants are one or more of alfalfa, parthenocissus tricuspidata and bougainvillea spectabilis, the fruit trees are mango trees, and the forest trees are trees and/or shrubs.
Furthermore, the comprehensive treatment structure further comprises a water supply system for irrigation, wherein an irrigation water input end of the water supply system for irrigation is communicated with the percolate receiving pool, water spraying pipes of an irrigation water output end of the water supply system for irrigation are arranged on the side slope and the step in a branched and/or annular mode, and the arrangement distance between every two adjacent groups of water spraying pipes is 15-18 meters on the same-level side slope.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model provides a comprehensive treatment structure is through building by laying bricks or stones slope toe waste rock retaining wall at the slope toe, then with slope toe waste rock retaining wall as the starting point from the coal gangue of up progressively inwards shrink and fill out the slope body that grinds including multistage side slope and step, and fill out and grind the coal gangue fill out the in-process of the slope body of grinding add infiltration drainage system simultaneously and constitute this application comprehensive treatment structure. Therefore, the comprehensive treatment structure provided by the application has the steps with the buffering capacity and the side slopes with gradually raised heights, so that the practical problems that the existing gangue hill body formed by stacking wastes naturally is unstable in structure and easy to collapse can be effectively solved, and the purpose of improving the stability of the gangue hill is achieved; meanwhile, the percolation water receiving and draining system with the draining function is consciously arranged in the slope body during filling and grinding, so that a large amount of water in the waste can be effectively drained, a large amount of rainwater can be received after the waste is formed, and the technical problems of collapse, debris flow and the like caused by rainwater washing and accumulation existing in the existing coal gangue mountain body formed by stacking the waste naturally are solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of the comprehensive treatment structure for steep slope type coal gangue dump of the utility model;
fig. 2 is a right side view of fig. 1.
Labeled as: slope foot waste rock blocking wall 1, percolating water collecting and draining system 2, side slope 3, step 4, percolate collecting and draining pipe 5, draining ditch 6, percolate receiving pond 7, rammed loess layer 8 and irrigation and lifting water supply system 9.
Detailed Description
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the utility model provides a comprehensive treatment structure for steep slope type gangue dump with relatively high stability after treatment. The comprehensive treatment structure comprises a toe waste rock blocking wall 1, a percolation water drainage system 2 and a slope body formed by filling and grinding coal gangue, wherein the slope body comprises a side slope 3 and steps 4 which are gradually contracted inwards from bottom to top in multiple stages, and the toe waste rock blocking wall 1 is arranged at the lowest end of the slope body; the seepage water entering the slope body is discharged out of the slope body through the seepage water collecting and discharging system 2. The utility model provides a comprehensive treatment structure is through building by laying bricks or stones slope toe waste rock retaining wall at the slope toe, then with slope toe waste rock retaining wall as the starting point from the coal gangue of up progressively inwards shrink and fill out the slope body that grinds including multistage side slope and step, and fill out and grind the coal gangue fill out the in-process of the slope body of grinding add infiltration drainage system simultaneously and constitute this application comprehensive treatment structure. Therefore, the comprehensive treatment structure provided by the application has the steps with the buffering capacity and the side slopes with gradually raised heights, so that the practical problems that the existing gangue hill body formed by stacking wastes naturally is unstable in structure and easy to collapse can be effectively solved, and the purpose of improving the stability of the gangue hill is achieved; meanwhile, the percolation water receiving and draining system with the draining function is consciously arranged in the slope body during filling and grinding, so that a large amount of water in the waste can be effectively drained, a large amount of rainwater can be received after the waste is formed, and the technical problems of collapse, debris flow and the like caused by rainwater washing and accumulation existing in the existing coal gangue mountain body formed by stacking the waste naturally are solved.
Among the above-mentioned embodiment, in order to improve the reliability of structure and the maneuverability of construction, furthest's improvement simultaneously comprehensive improvement the stability of the coal gangue hill that the structure formed, it facilitates to administer for the ecological vegetation gardens of epilogue, combines the actual situation that the abandonment was stacked, this application the height of toe waste rock retaining wall 1 is no longer than 4 meters, the length of toe waste rock retaining wall 1 suits with the length of coal gangue hill. Corresponding in order to guarantee the stability of the slope body, the lifting of the slope body height of being convenient for simultaneously to the follow-up vegetation orchard ization environmental protection of carrying out is administered, this application with each grade slope control of side slope 3 is no longer than 25, each grade the width of step 4 is 3 ~ 5 meters within range. In order to improve the stability of a treatment structure to the maximum extent, the percolation water receiving and draining system 2 comprises a percolation water receiving and draining pipe 5, a drainage ditch 6 and a percolation water receiving pool 7, wherein the percolation water receiving pool 7 is arranged on the outer side of the slope toe waste rock blocking wall 1; the drainage ditch 6 is arranged on one side of each stage of step 4 close to the upper side slope, and the output end of each drainage ditch 6 is connected with the percolate receiving tank 7; a plurality of percolate collecting and discharging pipes 5 are uniformly arranged in each grade of the cross slope 3 along the length direction, and the outlet end of each percolate collecting and discharging pipe 5 is communicated with a drainage ditch 6 at a corresponding position. Meanwhile, when the percolate collecting and discharging pipes 5 are arranged, the percolate collecting and discharging pipes are arranged in a side slope which is 150 mm away from the bottom of a drainage ditch, the arrangement distance between every two adjacent percolate collecting and discharging pipes 5 in the length direction in the same drainage ditch is 3-5 m, and a layer of tamped loess layer 8 with the thickness not less than 20 cm is further covered on the surface of the slope body. Through the further improvement on the structure, the structural stability of the coal gangue hill slope body can be effectively improved, and the collapse resistance and the landslide resistance can be realized when the coal gangue hill slope body meets water.
Furthermore, on the basis of the result of the treatment of the slope body structure of the coal gangue hill, in order to reduce the influence of the waste on the surrounding environment, improve the greening degree of the coal gangue hill and realize the reutilization of resources to the maximum extent, plants with developed green drought-enduring root systems are uniformly distributed on the rammed loess layer 8 of each level of the side slope 3, and fruit trees or forest trees are planted on the steps 4 of each level. The plant is one or more of alfalfa, parthenocissus tricuspidata and bougainvillea spectabilis, the fruit tree is a mango tree, and the forest is a tree and/or a shrub. The comprehensive treatment structure further comprises a water supply system 9 for irrigation and lifting irrigationThe irrigation water input end of the system 9 is communicated with the percolate receiving tank 7, the water spray pipes forming the irrigation water output end of the lift irrigation water supply system 9 are arranged on the side slope 3 and the step 4 in a branch shape and/or a ring shape, and the arrangement distance between two adjacent groups of water spray pipes is 15-18 meters on the same level of side slope. Certainly, if the mango tree is adopted to green the steps during fruit recycling, the step soil quality needs to be subjected to composition analysis and seepage test analysis, and the step component qualified in the seepage test analysis is SiO2：52-65％、Al2O3：16-36％、Fe2O3：2.4-14.6％、CaO：0.32-2.42％。
In conclusion, by adopting the comprehensive treatment structure, permanent treatment and ecological restoration of the waste rock mountain are realized through the combination of the blocking rod wall, the layered rolling slope protection, the gully reinforcement, the flood interception and drainage and irrigation system, the soil covering, the grass planting and the fruit tree, solid wastes are changed into recycled land, tropical fruits suitable for growth are planted, the safe and environment-friendly comprehensive treatment is performed on dangerous points, the ecological environment of the area is restored, the land with high value-added utilization is formed, and a new path is opened for the transformation development of coal mine enterprises, such as the establishment of special operations of agricultural companies and the like. The method has the advantages that the permanent treatment of the waste rock hills is realized, the potential safety hazard is solved, a large amount of land in available land is cleared up and effectively utilized, abundant personnel can be effectively arranged under the development planning of mango planting, and a large amount of economic values are realized.
Example one
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific embodiments:
two coal gangue mountains in a certain place have the area of 79.4 million square meters, are positioned in a national drinking water source protection area along the bank of Jinsha river, are 30 meters away from peripheral enterprises at the nearest position and are 100 meters away from the highway, and can form landslide and other geological disasters when encountering heavy rain, thereby causing loss to the highway and the peripheral enterprises and causing serious pollution to the drinking water source. Therefore, comprehensive treatment and vegetation greening are carried out on the waste hills, a stable and efficient artificial vegetation ecosystem of the waste hills is established, and orchard utilization of the ecological system is one of effective utilization ways of thoroughly improving ecological environment and turning harm into benefit.
1. Waste rock hill treatment and ecological restoration
1) The height difference of ash houses and ash groove gangue hills of a certain coal company is 150 meters, the gradient is about 50 degrees, foundation gangue blocking walls with the length of 250 meters and the height of 4 meters are respectively designed according to loads to be borne, then the layered rolling and slope reduction treatment is carried out on 16 steps from top to bottom, the gradual slope form with the inclination angle smaller than 25 degrees is arranged, loess with the thickness of 20 cm is covered on the slope of each step, and the tamping is carried out by using a digging machine.
2) Building a concrete drainage ditch on the inner side of each step with the width of 3-5 meters for receiving percolate in coal gangue on the underground part of each step and intercepting and draining flood in rainy season, wherein the foundation of each drainage ditch is 20 mm thick and is used as a reinforced gully of each slope, and planting green plants with developed drought-enduring roots such as alfalfa, mountain climbing tiger and the like on each slope surface to perform slope protection.
3) The ditch of each step is communicated from top to bottom to form a percolate receiving system, and finally the percolate receiving system is collected into a 300 cubic meter percolate receiving pool, and the percolate receiving pool is pumped into a high-level water pool after being settled to be used as water for orchard and flower and grass irrigation.
2. Orchard utilization of waste rock mountain land
1) Firstly, analyzing the components of the coal gangue, and performing exudation test analysis to confirm that the coal gangue is harmless to fruit planting;
the gangue component is SiO2：52-65％、Al2O3：16-36％、Fe2O3: 2.4-14.6%, CaO: 0.32-2.42 percent. After the coal gangue mountain platform land is cleared up, the ground is covered on the plane and the slope, tree pits with the length of 1.2m multiplied by 1.2m (the length is multiplied by the width is multiplied by the depth) are dug on the plane according to the interval required by the fruit planting to change and fill the planting soil, a degradable film is laid to keep the water content of the fruit tree in the seedling stage, the economic crop mangoes are planted according to the interval of 4m multiplied by 4m, 20-30 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 3-5 kg of phosphate fertilizer are fully mixed with the bottom soil in the pits, watering and compacting are carried out, the annual or two-year-old suitable mango seedlings are selected to be planted according to the planting season, and the seedlings are bagged and.
2) The slope surface of the 16-level platform formed by arrangement is covered with soil of 20 cm, and plants with developed green drought-resistant roots, such as alfalfa, parthenocissus tricuspidata and bougainvillea glabra, are planted to perform slope protection and waste rock fixation, so that pasture is planted among each mango tree for greening, and the economic value and the environment beautification are realized, and meanwhile, the water and soil loss is effectively avoided.
3) Set up the pumping irrigation water supply system, arrange according to the interval parallel arrangement of every row of interval 15 meters, water supply system divide into branch form and cyclic annular and arranges, has guaranteed the omnidirectional water supply needs.
After the method is implemented, the permanent treatment of the hillock with 79.4 ten thousand square meters can be realized, the potential safety hazard of environmental protection is solved, the usable land is cleared up to 800 mu, the effective utilization is realized, 10000 strains of mangoes are planted, 12 wealthy people are arranged, and the economic value is 100 ten thousand yuan per year.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a comprehensive treatment structure for abrupt slope moulded coal hillock which characterized in that: the comprehensive treatment structure comprises a toe waste rock blocking wall (1), a percolation water drainage system (2) and a slope body formed by filling and grinding coal gangue, wherein the slope body comprises a side slope (3) and steps (4) which are gradually contracted inwards from bottom to top in multiple stages, and the toe waste rock blocking wall (1) is arranged at the lowest end of the slope body; the seepage water entering the slope body is discharged out of the slope body through the seepage water collecting and discharging system (2).
2. The comprehensive treatment structure for the steep slope type gangue dump as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the height of the slope toe waste rock blocking wall (1) is not more than 4 meters, and the length of the slope toe waste rock blocking wall (1) is matched with that of the coal gangue dump.
3. The comprehensive treatment structure for the steep slope type gangue dump as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: each grade the slope of side slope (3) is no longer than 25 degrees, each grade the width of step (4) is 3 ~ 5 meters.
4. The comprehensive treatment structure for the steep slope type gangue dump as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the percolation water receiving and draining system (2) comprises a percolation water receiving and draining pipe (5), a drainage ditch (6) and a percolation water receiving pool (7), wherein the percolation water receiving pool (7) is arranged on the outer side of the slope toe waste rock blocking wall (1); the drainage ditch (6) is arranged on one side of each stage of step (4) close to the upper side slope, and the output end of each drainage ditch (6) is connected with the percolate receiving tank (7); a plurality of percolate drainage tubes (5) are uniformly distributed in each grade of the side slope (3) along the length direction, and the outlet end of each percolate drainage tube (5) is communicated with a drainage ditch (6) at a corresponding position.
5. The comprehensive treatment structure for the steep slope type gangue dump as claimed in claim 4, wherein: each percolate collecting and discharging pipe (5) is uniformly arranged in a slope which is 150 mm away from the bottom of the drainage ditch, and the arrangement distance between two adjacent percolate collecting and discharging pipes (5) along the length direction in the same drainage ditch is 3-5 meters.
6. The comprehensive treatment structure for the steep slope type gangue dump as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that: and a tamped loess layer (8) with the thickness not less than 20 cm is further covered on the surface of the slope body.
7. The comprehensive treatment structure for the steep slope type gangue dump as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that: plants with green drought-resistant and developed root systems are uniformly distributed on the rammed loess layer (8) of each grade of side slope (3), and fruit trees or forest trees are planted on each grade of step (4).
8. The comprehensive treatment structure for the steep slope type gangue dump as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the plant is one or more of alfalfa, parthenocissus tricuspidata and bougainvillea spectabilis, the fruit tree is a mango tree, and the forest is a tree and/or a shrub.
9. The comprehensive treatment structure for the steep slope type gangue dump as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the comprehensive treatment structure further comprises a lifting irrigation water supply system (9), wherein an irrigation water input end of the lifting irrigation water supply system (9) is communicated with the percolate receiving pool (7), water spraying pipes of an irrigation water output end of the lifting irrigation water supply system (9) are arranged on the side slope (3) and the step (4) in a branch shape and/or an annular shape, and the arrangement distance between every two adjacent groups of water spraying pipes is 15-18 meters on the same side slope.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920023051.4U CN209941695U (en) | 2019-01-07 | 2019-01-07 | Comprehensive treatment structure for steep slope type coal gangue dump |
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| CN201920023051.4U CN209941695U (en) | 2019-01-07 | 2019-01-07 | Comprehensive treatment structure for steep slope type coal gangue dump |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112942393A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-06-11 | 广西中煤地质有限责任公司 | Comprehensive treatment structure for steep slope type coal gangue hill |
| CN113513008A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-19 | 韩建均 | Combined remediation method for heavy metal contaminated soil and mine slope |
| CN113617826A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-11-09 | 中冶成都勘察研究总院有限公司 | Step earthing method for repairing mine |
| CN113914265A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-11 | 内蒙古胜宇建设有限公司 | Waste ditch ecological restoration and treatment method based on coal gangue filling technology |
-
2019
- 2019-01-07 CN CN201920023051.4U patent/CN209941695U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112942393A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-06-11 | 广西中煤地质有限责任公司 | Comprehensive treatment structure for steep slope type coal gangue hill |
| CN113617826A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-11-09 | 中冶成都勘察研究总院有限公司 | Step earthing method for repairing mine |
| CN113513008A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-19 | 韩建均 | Combined remediation method for heavy metal contaminated soil and mine slope |
| CN113914265A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-11 | 内蒙古胜宇建设有限公司 | Waste ditch ecological restoration and treatment method based on coal gangue filling technology |
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Address after: 617000 Sichuan coal Huarong Energy Co., Ltd., xujiadu village, West District, Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province Patentee after: Sichuan Chuanmei Huarong Energy Co.,Ltd. Address before: 617000 Sichuan coal Huarong Energy Co., Ltd., xujiadu village, West District, Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province Patentee before: SICHUAN CHUANMEI HUARONG ENERGY CO.,LTD. |
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