CN105672198A - Land-building and plowing structure for reservoir inundation and immersion area and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Land-building and plowing structure for reservoir inundation and immersion area and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105672198A CN105672198A CN201610176941.XA CN201610176941A CN105672198A CN 105672198 A CN105672198 A CN 105672198A CN 201610176941 A CN201610176941 A CN 201610176941A CN 105672198 A CN105672198 A CN 105672198A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 abstract 3
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 abstract 3
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 abstract 3
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- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/066—Quays
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
- E02B3/125—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips mainly consisting of vegetable material, e.g. wood, reeds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/18—Making embankments, e.g. dikes, dams
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a land-building returning structure of a reservoir submerged area and a construction method thereof, wherein the land-building returning structure comprises a riverbed impact sand ovum gravel layer, a waste slag filling layer, a clay rolling filling layer, a plowing and planting soil returning layer and a protective lift which are sequentially arranged above the riverbed impact sand ovum gravel layer, wherein the waste slag filling layer and the clay rolling filling layer are positioned between the riverbed impact sand ovum gravel layer and the protective lift; the method comprises the steps of bank protection, waste slag recycling, protective material filling, plowing and planting soil excavation, backfilling and accessory supporting facility construction. The method can effectively backfill and comprehensively utilize the waste slag excavated in the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering construction, can effectively transplant and comprehensively utilize arbor and shrubs under the submerged line of the reservoir in the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, and effectively relieves the problem of paradise of reservoir surrounding in the reservoir area.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering environmental protection technical field, be specifically related to a kind of reservoir inundation submergence district and restore abandoned land to cultivation with making structure and construction method thereof.
Background technology
Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering construction excavation produces the science of waste, right combination Utilizing question is always up the content that water resources and hydropower development is paid close attention to, in addition, the land resource in storehouse, reservoir area week, living resources are created and flood more greatly and Effects of Immersion by reservoir inundation, water-retention and operation, the productive life making storehouse, the reservoir area week people has also suffered from greater loss, wherein, reservoir inundation and submergence district cultivated land resource loss problem become storehouse, Reservoir region week people ground the principal aspect of a contradiction. Therefore, the cultivated land resource loss problem in planning of science activities, the waste comprehensive utilization rationally solving Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering construction and reservoir inundation submergence district, contradictory problems, is highly desirable to urgent with effectively alleviating storehouse, Reservoir region week people.
At present, the land reclamation work system that China's Construction for Hydroelectric Project takes up an area temporarily is comparatively ripe, but about flooding in storehouse, Reservoir region week, the systematic development work such as restore abandoned land to cultivation with making in submergence region carry out less, Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering Reservoir region storehouse week people ground contradictory problems phenomenon is still very prominent, and the economy of water resources and hydropower development, environment, social benefit are not fully exerted. Therefore, from scientific and reasonable utilizing works waste, the living resources waste angle reducing reservoir inundation, explore effective reservoir inundation submergence district to restore abandoned land to cultivation with making construction method, build environmental type Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, be imperative and meet needs of promoting a conservation culture.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of reservoir inundation submergence district and restore abandoned land to cultivation with making structure and construction method thereof. The present invention wastes angle from the living resources of scientific and reasonable utilizing works waste, minimizing reservoir inundation, Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering Reservoir region storehouse week is flooded, the structure of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making in submergence region makes uniform requirement, restore abandoned land to cultivation with making operating technology level improving reservoir inundation submergence district, overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
The present invention is achieved by following technical solution.
A kind of reservoir inundation submergence district restores abandoned land to cultivation structure with making, impact sand gravel stratum including riverbed and be set in turn in riverbed and impact the waste above sand gravel stratum and fill layer, clay rolling and placement layer, plough and plant earthen backfill layer and protection carries, described waste fills layer and clay rolling and placement layer between riverbed impacts sand gravel stratum and protection carries, plough and plant earthen backfill layer and be positioned at waste and fill layer and clay rolling and placement layer top, and carry with protection and to be connected, it is respectively arranged with inside described domatic grid beams and rushes proluvial sandy loam district and the district that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making storehouse week.
Described protection carries and being made up of bottom girder, back timber, side bar and domatic grid beams, and bottom girder and back timber are respectively placed in bottom and the top of domatic grid beams, and side bar is between bottom girder and back timber, and domatic grid beams is fixed into an entirety by bottom girder, back timber and side bar.
Described clay rolling and placement layer and protection also set up sand gravel between carrying and fill layer.
The described district that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making is provided with some electric pumping stations and plants soil working area, and electric pumping station is near domatic grid beams side, plants soil working area near rushing side, proluvial sandy loam district storehouse week, also plants and be implanted with shelter-forest in district is restoreed abandoned land to cultivation on ground.
It is provided with new tidal channel in the described district that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making, and new tidal channel is connected with being arranged at the former tidal channel rushing proluvial sandy loam district storehouse week.
A kind of reservoir inundation submergence district restores abandoned land to cultivation the construction method of structure with making, the method excavates waste and reservoir inundation according to Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, submergence relates to the practical situation in region, storehouse, Reservoir region week is flooded and relates to region with submergence and restore abandoned land to cultivation with making work, restore abandoned land to cultivation with making operating technology level improving reservoir inundation submergence district, reach the purpose that water resources and hydropower development is coordinated mutually with environmental conservation; Its concrete grammar step includes bank slopes maintenance, waste reuse and protection material and fills, ploughs and plant soil excavation and backfill and the construction of attached auxiliary facility;
Described bank slopes maintenance is storehouse bank in reservoir inundation and submergence region to be put forward mode and is protected by arranging protection, and wherein protection bag draws together the bottom girder, back timber, side bar and the domatic grid beams that are sequentially connected with;
To fill be take waste to fill mode to raise the basic elevation of former reservoir inundation submergence district coverage bottom Engineering Zone of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making for described waste reuse and protection material, and mode gives integrated protection with sand gravel fills etc. by taking near bank side, storehouse in former reservoir inundation submergence district that impervious body fills;
Described ploughing plants soil excavation and backfill is to plough reservoir inundation submergence district original place table to plant after soil excavates, foreign material therein are cleared up, and satisfied backfill quality criteria requirements cultivated is planted soil keep in the appointment restoreing abandoned land to cultivation in Engineering Zone with making and store up field, after waste completes with protection material reclamation work, carry out on top layer, Engineering Zone of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making ploughing and plant earthen backfill;
Described attached auxiliary facility refers to and carries out water conservancy irrigation in Engineering Zone of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making by arranging irrigation pumping station, arranges tidal channel and carries out flood guide, arranges shelter-forest and bury with wind erosion prevention sand, with the engineering safety that guarantees to restore abandoned land to cultivation with making, effectively runs.
Described bottom girder is for being arranged on bottom bank slopes maintenance engineering and on basis, riverbed, bank slopes maintenance engineering upper load is passed to the supporting construction of riverbed soil supporting layer, adopt reinforced concrete structure, bottom girder cope level exceeds basis, riverbed, bank slopes maintenance engineering place elevation 10 centimetres to 30 centimetres, and end depth of beam is 1.0 meters to 3.0 meters, width 0.5 meter to 1.0 meters;
Described back timber is the fixed structure being arranged on bank slopes maintenance engineering top, so that bank slopes maintenance structure monolithic stability is played fixation, adopt reinforced concrete structure, back timber cope level is consistent with bank slopes maintenance engineering cope level, and top depth of beam is 0.5 meter to 1.0 meters, width is generally 1.0 meters to 2.0 meters;
Described side bar is be arranged on the interval connection of each bank protection element project of bank slopes maintenance engineering and fixed structure, so that bank slopes maintenance structure monolithic stability is played Stabilization, adopting reinforced concrete structure, the width of side bar is 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter, is highly 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter;
Described domatic grid beams is be arranged on the reinforced concrete lattice beam protective slope structure that bank slopes maintenance engineering is domatic, domatic basal plane should take manual amendment measure to remove surface scum and ledge stone, the grid of domatic grid beams is rhombus or plane quadrilateral pattern layout, in bank slopes maintenance engineering, one group of domatic grid beams is set along every 14 meters to 21 meters of reservoir area longitudinal direction, the corresponding two jiaos of horizontal spacings of single grid in each group of domatic grid beams are 2 meters to 4 meters, and longitudinal pitch is 3 meters to 5 meters; Lattice beam width in domatic grid beams 7 is 0.2 meter to 0.4 meter, is highly 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter.
Described waste fills and refers to that the waste that Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering construction excavation is produced comprehensively backfills utilization, excavation slag charge is backfilled to bottom Engineering Zone of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making to raise the basic elevation of former reservoir inundation submergence district coverage, waste fills and carries out according to Engineering Zone orographic condition subregion of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making, classification, and should give and roll compacting, height, the gradient and the quantities filled should be determined according to the requirement for height of raising in restore abandoned land to cultivation with making works scope and former reservoir inundation submergence district.
Described impervious body fill be the material the utilizing low permeability reservoir osmotic control by land region territory, engineering storehouse of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making in allowed band, its filling material is cohesive soil, calculous soil, Weathered Material and admixture, and its infiltration coefficient is not more than 1 × 10-4Cel, impervious body thickness is between 0.5 meter to 1.5 meter, and should give and roll compacting, and it fills the gradient and quantities should be determined according to the requirement for height of raising in restore abandoned land to cultivation with making works scope and former reservoir inundation submergence district.
It is in domatic reinforced concrete lattice beam grid and ground beneath that described sand gravel fills, and the bottom girder of bank slopes maintenance engineering, back timber are basic and periphery, carry out surface surface dust, eliminating impurities and smooth after fill sand gravel, and take compacting machinary to give compacting, the sand gravel nature aggregate filled, its diameter is mixed preparing between 10 centimetres to 30 centimetres, and sand gravel layer thickness should between 0.5 meter to 1.5 meter.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Adopt structure of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making of the present invention, the waste of Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering construction excavation effectively can be backfilled comprehensive utilization, shrub under Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering reservoir inundation line effectively can be transplanted comprehensive utilization, and the cultivated land resource loss problem in reservoir inundation and submergence district can be solved to a certain extent, effectively alleviate storehouse, Reservoir region week people ground contradictory problems, economy, environment, social benefit are notable, provide strong reference for developing green environment-friendly type Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is reservoir inundation submergence district of the present invention upstream side typical section bank slopes maintenance and engineering profile of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making;
Fig. 2 is reservoir inundation submergence district of the present invention typical section bank slopes maintenance engineering elevation;
Fig. 3 is reservoir inundation submergence district's bank slopes maintenance of the present invention and engineering floor map of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making.
In figure: 1-bottom girder, 2-back timber, 3-side bar, 4-waste fills layer, 5-clay rolling and placement layer, 6-sand gravel fills layer, the domatic grid beams of 7-, original place, 8-reservoir area upper thread, 9-ploughs and plants earthen backfill layer, 10-riverbed impacts sand gravel stratum, rushing proluvial sandy loam district 11-storehouse week, 12-restores abandoned land to cultivation district with making, and 13-plants soil working area, 14-electric pumping station, the new tidal channel of 15-, the former canal that drains off floodwaters of 16-, 17-shelter-forest, 18-restores abandoned land to cultivation district's upstream and differentiation boundary line, middle reaches with making, and 19-restores abandoned land to cultivation middle reaches district of district and demarcation line, catchment with making.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical scheme is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but described in the scope claimed is not limited to.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, a kind of reservoir inundation submergence district of the present invention restores abandoned land to cultivation structure with making, impact sand gravel stratum 10 including riverbed and be set in turn in the waste impacted above sand gravel stratum 10 in riverbed and fill layer 4, clay rolling and placement layer 5, plough and plant earthen backfill layer 9 and protection carries 20, described waste fills layer 4 and clay rolling and placement layer 5 and carries between 20 at riverbed impact sand gravel stratum 10 and protection, plough and plant earthen backfill layer 9 and be positioned at waste and fill layer 4 and clay rolling and placement layer 5 top, and carry 20 with protection and be connected, it is respectively arranged with inside described domatic grid beams 7 and rushes proluvial sandy loam district 11 and the district 12 that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making storehouse week. as it is shown in figure 1, waste fills layer 4 and clay rolling and placement layer 5 is respectively positioned on above original place, reservoir area upper thread 8.
Described protection carries 20 and is made up of bottom girder 1, back timber 2, side bar 3 and domatic grid beams 7, bottom girder 1 and back timber 2 are respectively placed in bottom and the top of domatic grid beams 7, side bar 3 is between bottom girder 1 and back timber 2, and domatic grid beams 7 is fixed into an entirety by bottom girder 1, back timber 2 and side bar 3.
Described clay rolling and placement layer 5 and protection carry and also set up sand gravel between 20 and fill layer 6.
The described district 12 that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making is provided with some electric pumping stations 14 and plants soil working area 13, and electric pumping station 14 is near domatic grid beams 7 side, plants soil working area 13 near rushing side, proluvial sandy loam district 11 storehouse week, also plants and be implanted with shelter-forest 17 in district 12 is restoreed abandoned land to cultivation on ground; It is provided with new tidal channel 15 in the described district 12 that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making, and new tidal channel 15 is connected with being arranged at the former tidal channel 16 rushing proluvial sandy loam district 11 storehouse week. Carry out flood guide by arranging tidal channel, shelter-forest 17 is set and buries with wind erosion prevention sand, with the engineering safety that guarantees to restore abandoned land to cultivation with making, effectively run and give full play to economy, society and environmental benefit.
A kind of reservoir inundation submergence district of the present invention restores abandoned land to cultivation the construction method of structure with making, the method excavates waste and reservoir inundation according to Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, submergence relates to the practical situation in region, storehouse, Reservoir region week is flooded and relates to region with submergence and restore abandoned land to cultivation with making work, restore abandoned land to cultivation with making operating technology level improving reservoir inundation submergence district, reach the purpose that water resources and hydropower development is coordinated mutually with environmental conservation; Its concrete grammar step includes bank slopes maintenance, waste reuse and protection material and fills, ploughs and plant soil excavation and backfill and the construction of attached auxiliary facility;
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, described bank slopes maintenance is storehouse bank in reservoir inundation and submergence region to be put forward 20 modes and is protected by arranging protection, and wherein protection puies forward 20 bottom girders 1 including being sequentially connected with, back timber 2, side bar 3 and domatic grid beams 7;
Described bottom girder 1 is for being arranged on bottom bank slopes maintenance engineering and on basis, riverbed, bank slopes maintenance engineering upper load is passed to the supporting construction of riverbed soil supporting layer, bank slopes maintenance structure monolithic stability to be played base support and load-bearing effect, armored concrete equal strength should be adopted high, the structure that cost is low, bottom girder 1 cope level should exceed basis, riverbed, bank slopes maintenance engineering place elevation 10 centimetres to 30 centimetres, the height of bottom girder 1 is generally 1.0 meters to 3.0 meters, width is generally 0.5 meter to 1.0 meters, its physical dimension form, embedded depth of foundation, intensity, stability etc. need to meet respective design requirement.
Described back timber 2 is the fixed structure being arranged on bank slopes maintenance engineering top, so that bank slopes maintenance structure monolithic stability is played fixation, the structure that armored concrete equal strength is high, cost is low should be adopted, back timber 2 cope level should be consistent with bank slopes maintenance engineering cope level, the height of back timber 2 be generally 0.5 meter to 1.0 meters, width be generally 1.0 meters to 2.0 meters, its physical dimension form, embedded depth of foundation, intensity, stability etc. need to meet respective design requirement;
Described side bar 3 is be arranged on the interval connection of each bank protection element project of bank slopes maintenance engineering and fixed structure, so that bank slopes maintenance structure monolithic stability is played Stabilization, the structure that armored concrete equal strength is high, cost is low should be adopted, the width of side bar 3 is generally 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter, highly being generally 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter, its physical dimension form, embedded depth of foundation, intensity, stability etc. need to meet respective design requirement;
Described domatic grid beams 7 is be arranged on the reinforced concrete lattice beam protective slope structure that bank slopes maintenance engineering is domatic, domatic basal plane should take manual amendment measure to remove surface scum and ledge stone, to guarantee that grid beams bank protection slope ratio is less than 1:2, guarantees, than the bank protection anchor structure of should taking on 1:2, the stability in the large that bank slopes maintenance engineering is domatic for slope. The grid of domatic grid beams 7 is generally rhombus or plane quadrilateral pattern is arranged, in bank slopes maintenance engineering, one group of domatic grid beams 7 should be set along every 14 meters to 21 meters of reservoir area longitudinal direction, the corresponding two jiaos of horizontal spacings of single grid in each group of domatic grid beams 7 are generally 2 meters to 4 meters, and longitudinal pitch is generally 3 meters to 5 meters; Lattice beam width in domatic grid beams 7 is generally 0.2 meter to 0.4 meter, is highly generally 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter.
It is take waste to fill mode to raise the basic elevation of former reservoir inundation submergence district coverage bottom Engineering Zone of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making that described waste reuse is filled with protection material, and mode gives integrated protection with sand gravel fills etc. by taking near bank side, storehouse in former reservoir inundation submergence district that impervious body fills, clay rolling and placement layer 5 and sand gravel in Fig. 1 fill shown in layer 6, to reach effectively to slow down the purpose of Engineering Zone reservoir inundation submergence adverse effect of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making;
Described waste fills and refers to that the waste that Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering construction excavation is produced comprehensively backfills utilization, excavation slag charge is backfilled to bottom Engineering Zone of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making to raise the basic elevation of former reservoir inundation submergence district coverage, waste fills can according to Engineering Zone orographic condition subregion of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making, classification carries out, and should give and roll compacting, the height filled, the gradient and quantities should be determined according to the requirement for height of raising in restore abandoned land to cultivation with making works scope and former reservoir inundation submergence district, and restore abandoned land to cultivation with making engineering general safety meeting reservoir inundation submergence district, stable operation is advisable,
It is that the material the utilizing low permeability reservoir osmotic control by land region territory, engineering storehouse of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making is in allowed band that described impervious body fills, in Fig. 1 shown in clay rolling and placement layer 5, its filling material is generally cohesive soil, calculous soil, Weathered Material and admixture, and its infiltration coefficient is to be not more than 1 × 10-4Cel is advisable, impervious body should have good plasticity and osmotic stability, its thickness is typically between 0.5 meter to 1.5 meters, and should give and roll compacting, it fills the gradient and quantities should be determined according to the requirement for height of raising in restore abandoned land to cultivation with making works scope and former reservoir inundation submergence district, and is advisable to meet restore abandoned land to cultivation with making engineering general safety, the stable operation of reservoir inundation submergence district.
It is in domatic reinforced concrete lattice beam grid and ground beneath that described sand gravel fills, and the bottom girder of bank slopes maintenance engineering, back timber basis and periphery, carry out surface surface dust, eliminating impurities with smooth after fill sand gravel, and take compacting machinary to give compacting to form sand gravel as shown in Figure 1 and fill layer 6, the sand gravel filled generally takes nature aggregate, its diameter should between 10 centimetres to 30 centimetres mixed preparing, sand gravel layer thickness should between 0.5 meter to 1.5 meter, to guarantee that sand gravel fills floor and the overall not unstability because of the SEA LEVEL VARIATION in reservoir inundation submergence district of bank slopes maintenance engineering.
Described ploughing plants soil excavation and backfill is to plough reservoir inundation submergence district original place table to plant after soil excavates, foreign material therein are cleared up, and satisfied backfill quality criteria requirements cultivated is planted soil keep in the appointment restoreing abandoned land to cultivation in Engineering Zone with making and store up field, after waste completes with protection material reclamation work, carry out on top layer, Engineering Zone of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making ploughing and plant earthen backfill, thus forming as shown in Figure 1 cultivated to plant earthen backfill layer 9. Qualified ploughing is planted soil and must not be contained the foreign material such as rubbish, turf, tree root, large scale gravel, plough plant earthen backfill thickness should no less than 0.6 meter, concrete backfill thickness should be determined according to Engineering Zone crops corresponding requirements of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making, Geng Zhi earthen backfill district leveling compacting elevation should meet the requirements and can backfill, its flatness is preferably 10000 square metres of scope ± 30 centimetre, with engineering construction effect that reservoir inundation submergence district soil resource is effectively comprehensively utilized and guarantees to restore abandoned land to cultivation with making.
Described attached auxiliary facility refers to and carries out water conservancy irrigation in Engineering Zone of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making by arranging irrigation pumping station, tidal channel is set and carries out flood guide, arrange shelter-forest to bury with wind erosion prevention sand, with the engineering safety that guarantees to restore abandoned land to cultivation with making, effectively run and give full play to economy, society and environmental benefit.
As shown in Figure 3, described irrigation pumping station refers to takes electric pumping station 14 irrigation by pumping mode such as grade to carry out restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making the water conservancy irrigation of Engineering Zone, the pumping plant at electric pumping station 14 is generally adopted centrifugal pump water lift, general installation two, the using and the reserved, pump room structure is generally ground type brick mix structure, and the design parameter such as the water lift flow at electric pumping station 14, lift, rotating speed, power should meet engineering water conservancy Irrigation Design requirement of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making.
As shown in Figure 3, described tidal channel is that prevention restores abandoned land to cultivation Engineering Zone flood damage and the irrigation canals and ditches built with making, tidal channel should be as far as possible newly-built on original tidal channel 16 basis, reservoir inundation submergence district or reconstruct new tidal channel 15, make full use of Engineering Zone terrain slope of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making to lay, make the flood dammed can flow into receiving water body with beeline gravity. Tidal channel generally takes open channel form, and form of fracture is generally trapezoidal or rectangle; Longitudinal gradient is typically no less than 1%, is considered as when longitudinal gradient is very big arranging drop or chute, but must not be located at turning; Generally take stone masonry or concrete material; Minimal design flow velocity is generally 0.4 meter per second, and design maximum flow velocity is generally 4.0 meter per seconds; The design parameters such as tidal channel trend, form, longitudinal gradient, design current velocity, design specification should meet corresponding specification and drains off floodwaters requirement in Engineering Zone of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making.
As shown in Figure 3, described shelter-forest 17 is by being flooded arbor and shrub below transplanting reservoir inundation line, and it is aided with the modes such as seedling, and restoreing abandoned land to cultivation Engineering Zone periphery with making and interval, each plot arranges shelter-forest and buries with wind erosion prevention sand, promote to restore abandoned land to cultivation with making Engineering Zone crops stable and high yields. Shelter-forest 17 should be on speaking terms with district's crops coordinated growth of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making, main root should deeply and side root width is less, tree crown is narrower, not easily wind-fall, windbreak, has the abilities such as stronger cold-resistant, drought resisting, disease and insect resistance, water-fast wet, Saline alkali tolerance;Shelter belt spacing is generally 15 times to 20 times of shelter-forest seeds mean stand height, in shelter-forest forest belt, trees arrangement pitch should reach effective wind erosion prevention sand and buries purpose and be advisable, and the design parameter such as the Tree Species Selection of shelter-forest, seedling quality, method of forestation should meet corresponding specification and Engineering Zone wind erosion prevention sand of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making buries requirement. Shelter-forest 17 is planted in restores abandoned land to cultivation in district 11 with making, and separates with demarcation line, catchment 19 being provided with restore abandoned land to cultivation with making district's upstream and differentiation boundary line, middle reaches 18, with making the middle reaches district of district that restores abandoned land to cultivation in the district 11 that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making.
Card power station embodiment is drawn the present invention program to be described in further detail as follows below in conjunction with the Yellow River, Qinghai Zhi Gang:
(1) project profile
Qinghai Zhi Gang draws card power station to be positioned at Eastern Region of Qinghai Province, and its dam site is on the Yellow River mainstream that Jianzha County, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Huangnan and Hui Autonomous County of Hualong, Haidong Prefecture have a common boundary. La Ka power station, straight hilllock main task is generating, medium-sized third engineering, existing installed capacity 19.0 ten thousand kW, reservoir operation scheme 2050m, level of dead water 2048m, aggregate storage capacity 15,400,000 m3, wherein regulate storage capacity 3,000,000 m3。
La Ka power station, straight hilllock adopts river channel layout pattern, and key construction is made up of right bank dash architectural engineering, Power Tunnels, sluicing energy dissipating engineering, electric power step-up substation project and left bank earth-rock works, maximum height of dam 42.5m, maximum generation head 17.5m. Engineering reservoir inundation and Key construction relate to Kan Bula town, Jianzha County, Purulent uterine mucositis Ya Shiga town and amount to 2 county 3 towns (township) with Cha Pu township, and engineering construction forever takes over the land for use 451.86 mu, interim expropriation of land 473.12 mu. Reservoir inundation land surface 0.47km2, water surface area 0.51km2, submergence land area 0.17km2, flood 147.33 mu of arable land, 199.94 mu of forest land (entirely for irrigated land), deserted mountain barren hill 347.39 mu, 11.04 mu of flood land, 1.0 mu of meadow, fragmentary fruit tree 173047 strain (fruit tree kind 17741 strain, economic class 14782 strain, use material class 140524 strain).
Straight hilllock draws card Hydropower Project excavation reality to produce 110.4 ten thousand m3Waste, for scientific and reasonable utilizing works waste, the living resources waste reducing reservoir inundation, La Ka power station, straight hilllock implements cattle beach and floods submergence district and restore abandoned land to cultivation with making special environment-friendly engineering.
(2) restore abandoned land to cultivation with making project situation
1) bank slopes maintenance project situation
Cattle beach is flooded submergence district bank slopes maintenance and is taked concrete, loose stone grid beams embankment, bank protection overall length 2225m, wide 20m, cope level 2052m, and beyond reservoir operation scheme 2m, 1:2.5 is compared on bank protection slope.
As it is shown in figure 1, embankment bottom girder 1 is armored concrete stalk, its width and highly respectively 0.8m and 1.5m, cutting depth is 1.8m, and bottom girder cope level exceeds basis, riverbed, bank slopes maintenance engineering place elevation 15cm. Embankment back timber 2 is armored concrete stalk, its width and highly respectively 0.5m and 1.0m, cutting depth 1.2m, and back timber cope level is consistent with bank slopes maintenance engineering cope level, is 2052m. Embankment side bar 3 is armored concrete stalk, its width and highly respectively 0.3m and 0.5m.
Arranging as in figure 2 it is shown, the grid of domatic grid beams 7 is diamond pattern, in bank slopes maintenance engineering, along reservoir area, longitudinal every 16.85m arranges one group of domatic grid beams 7, and the corresponding two jiaos of horizontal spacings of the single grid in each group of domatic grid beams 7 are 3m, and longitudinal pitch is 4m; Lattice beam width in domatic grid beams 7 is 0.3m, is highly 0.5m.
2) waste reuse and protection material reclamation work situation
Cattle beach is flooded submergence district and is belonged to II level terrace, pedestal elevation 2038m～2042m, and top layer is diluvial loam and the fine sand soil of 1m～7m thickness not grade.When card reservoir operation scheme 2050m is drawn on straight hilllock, Niu Tan submergence district mean breadth 98m, length 1500m, elevation scope 2050m～2053.2m, influence basin 221 mu.
Waste 110.4 ten thousand m that card Hydropower Project construction and excavation produces is drawn on straight hilllock3All it is transported to cattle beach and floods the backfill of submergence district, to raise the basic elevation of former reservoir inundation submergence district coverage, waste backfill, to roll rear elevation be 2050.4m (downstream)～2051m (upstream side), plants earthen backfill make ground engineering effectiveness to guarantee to plough.
Adopt clay to carry out impervious body to fill, its infiltration coefficient is not more than 1 × 10-4cm/s, having good plasticity and osmotic stability, filling-up thickness is 1.0m (top)～1.5m (bottom), and it is 1:2.5 that impervious body rolls the gradient after compacting.
In domatic reinforced concrete lattice beam grid and ground beneath, and the embankment bottom girder 1 of bank slopes maintenance engineering, embankment back timber 2 are basic and periphery, carry out surface surface dust, eliminating impurities and smooth after fill sand gravel and constitute sand gravel as shown in Figure 2 and fill layer 6, and take compacting machinary to give compacting, form waste as shown in Figure 1 and fill layer 4 and clay rolling and placement layer 5, the sand gravel filled is nature aggregate, its diameter mixed preparing between 10cm to 30cm, sand gravel layer thickness is 1.0m.
3) cultivated soil of planting excavates and stemming operation situation
Cattle beach is flooded to plough in submergence district and is planted soil average excavation thickness 1.0m, excavated volume 38.54 ten thousand m3, plough to preserve to cattle beach after planting soil excavation and flood in submergence district corresponding work area and specify and store up field, after the backfill of engineering waste, rolling, then plant earthen backfill, backfill amount 36.85 ten thousand m by excavating the cultivated of preservation3。
Plough that to plant earthen backfill elevation be 2051.4m (downstream)～2052m (upstream side), flood practical situation in submergence district according to cattle beach and be divided into three regions: upstream backfill elevation is 2052m, backfill elevation in middle reaches district is in the interval transition of 2051.4m (nearly downstream)～2052m (nearly upstream side), and catchment backfill elevation is 2051.4m. Cattle beach is ploughed and is planted earthen backfill quality control standard and be: qualified ploughing is planted soil and must not be contained rubbish, turf, tree root, heavy sand matter and gravelstone; Ploughing and plant soil thickness no less than 60.0cm, must basic unit be carried out an acceptance inspection before backfill, leveling compacting elevation meets the requirements and can backfill; Back filled region flatness requirement is at 10000m2 scope ± 25cm.
4) attached auxiliary facility project situation
Irrigation pumping station is small-sized electric pumping station, arranges place's pump house in restore abandoned land to cultivation with making upstream, Project Areas, middle reaches, downstream of Niu Tan respectively, and pump room structure is ground type brick mix structure, installs two horizontal multi-stage single suction stagewise centrifugal pump water lifts, the using and the reserved, water lift flow 12.5m3/ h, lift 20m, rotating speed 2950rpm, take out power 1.33kW, power of motor 2.2kW.
As it is shown on figure 3, new tidal channel 15 floods on the basis of the original canal 16 that drains off floodwaters in submergence district newly-built at Niu Tan, long 432m, take open channel form, for 0.3m thickness stone masonry trapezoidal cross-section, bottom width 1.8m, the deep 1.6m～1.8m of canal, 1:1 is compared on slope. Tidal channel longitudinal gradient 2%, minimal design flow velocity 0.4m/s, design maximum flow velocity 4.0m/s.
Restore abandoned land to cultivation with the making shelter-forest of Engineering Zone is flooded willow, willow and other shrubs mainly through transplanting below reservoir inundation line on cattle beach, wherein willow 37741 strain, willow 34782 strain, all kinds of shrub 240524 strains such as Fructus Hippophae, Cacumen Myricariae Germanicae, Salix caprea, Lonicera hispida (steph) Pall ex Roem et Schult, littleleaf peashrub, the arbor height of tree is between 3.0m～7.0m, restoreing abandoned land to cultivation Engineering Zone periphery with making and interval, each plot is arranged, shelter belt spacing is 120m.
(3) restore abandoned land to cultivation with making project benefit
Cattle beach is flooded submergence district special environmental engineering of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making and is amounted to investment 24,300,000 yuan, adopt structure of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making of the present invention, not only solve major project and build vegetation protection problem under waste disposal and reservoir inundation line, storehouse bank is flooded submergence district and carries out effective protection, also implement to make ground area 402.6 mu, the wherein 341.04 mu of (Semen Tritici aestivis 197.80 mu in arable land, miscellaneous grain crops 30.69 mu, 17.05 mu of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Brassica campestris L 17.06 mu, vegetable 27.28 mu, 51.16 mu of greenfeed), 8.83 mu of forest land (is mainly both sides, arable land shelter-forest), construction land 34.66 mu (is mainly room, Ecological sightseeing garden), restoreing abandoned land to cultivation district's agricultural planting and sightseeing tour with making every year can nearly 1,000,000 yuan of extra earning, for slowing down straight hilllock La Ka Reservoir of Hydropower Station people ground contradiction, improve peasant's productive life in region and serve bigger facilitation, create good environment, economy and social benefit.
Claims (10)
1. a reservoir inundation submergence district restores abandoned land to cultivation structure with making, it is characterized in that: include riverbed impact sand gravel stratum (10) and be set in turn in riverbed impact sand gravel stratum (10) top waste fill layer (4), clay rolling and placement layer (5), plough and plant earthen backfill layer (9) and protection carries (20), described waste fills layer (4) and clay rolling and placement layer (5) is positioned at riverbed impact sand gravel stratum (10) and protection carries between (20), plough and plant earthen backfill layer (9) and be positioned at waste and fill layer (4) and clay rolling and placement layer (5) top, and carry (20) with protection and be connected, described domatic grid beams (7) inner side is respectively arranged with and rushes proluvial sandy loam district (11) and the district (12) that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making storehouse week.
2. a kind of reservoir inundation submergence district according to claim 1 restores abandoned land to cultivation structure with making, it is characterized in that: described protection carries (20) and is made up of bottom girder (1), back timber (2), side bar (3) and domatic grid beams (7), bottom girder (1) and back timber (2) are respectively placed in bottom and the top of domatic grid beams (7), side bar (3) is positioned between bottom girder (1) and back timber (2), and domatic grid beams (7) is fixed into an entirety by bottom girder (1), back timber (2) and side bar (3).
3. a kind of reservoir inundation submergence district according to claim 1 restores abandoned land to cultivation structure with making, it is characterised in that: described clay rolling and placement layer (5) and protection carry and also set up sand gravel between (20) and fill layer (6).
4. a kind of reservoir inundation submergence district according to claim 1 restores abandoned land to cultivation structure with making, it is characterized in that: described in restore abandoned land to cultivation with making district (12) be provided with some electric pumping stations (14) and plant soil working area (13), and electric pumping station (14) are near domatic grid beams (7) side, plant soil working area (13) near rushing proluvial sandy loam district (11) side storehouse week, also plant in district (12) is restoreed abandoned land to cultivation on ground and be implanted with shelter-forest (17).
5. a kind of reservoir inundation submergence district according to claim 1 restores abandoned land to cultivation structure with making, it is characterized in that: described in restore abandoned land to cultivation with making and be provided with new tidal channel (15) in district (12), and new tidal channel (15) is connected with being arranged at the former tidal channel (16) rushing proluvial sandy loam district (11) storehouse week.
6. a reservoir inundation submergence district as described in claim 1 to 5 any one restores abandoned land to cultivation the construction method of structure with making, it is characterized in that: the method excavates waste and reservoir inundation according to Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, submergence relates to the practical situation in region, storehouse, Reservoir region week is flooded and relates to region with submergence and restore abandoned land to cultivation with making work; Its concrete grammar step includes bank slopes maintenance, waste reuse and protection material and fills, ploughs and plant soil excavation and backfill and the construction of attached auxiliary facility;
Described bank slopes maintenance is storehouse bank in reservoir inundation and submergence region to be put forward (20) mode and is protected by arranging protection, and wherein protection puies forward bottom girder (1), back timber (2), side bar (3) and the domatic grid beams (7) that (20) include being sequentially connected with;
To fill be take waste to fill mode to raise the basic elevation of former reservoir inundation submergence district coverage bottom Engineering Zone of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making for described waste reuse and protection material, and mode gives integrated protection with sand gravel fills etc. by taking near bank side, storehouse in former reservoir inundation submergence district that impervious body fills;
Described ploughing plants soil excavation and backfill is to plough reservoir inundation submergence district original place table to plant after soil excavates, foreign material therein are cleared up, and satisfied backfill quality criteria requirements cultivated is planted soil keep in the appointment restoreing abandoned land to cultivation in Engineering Zone with making and store up field, after waste completes with protection material reclamation work, carry out on top layer, Engineering Zone of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making ploughing and plant earthen backfill;
Described attached auxiliary facility refers to and carries out water conservancy irrigation in Engineering Zone of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making by arranging irrigation pumping station, arranges tidal channel and carries out flood guide, arranges shelter-forest and bury with wind erosion prevention sand, with the engineering safety that guarantees to restore abandoned land to cultivation with making, effectively runs.
7. a kind of reservoir inundation submergence district according to claim 6 restores abandoned land to cultivation the construction method of structure with making, it is characterized in that: described bottom girder (1) is for being arranged on bottom bank slopes maintenance engineering and on basis, riverbed, bank slopes maintenance engineering upper load is passed to the supporting construction of riverbed soil supporting layer, adopt reinforced concrete structure, bottom girder (1) cope level exceeds basis, riverbed, bank slopes maintenance engineering place elevation 10 centimetres to 30 centimetres, and the height of bottom girder 1 is 1.0 meters to 3.0 meters, width 0.5 meter to 1.0 meters;
Described back timber (2) is the fixed structure being arranged on bank slopes maintenance engineering top, so that bank slopes maintenance structure monolithic stability is played fixation, adopt reinforced concrete structure, back timber (2) cope level is consistent with bank slopes maintenance engineering cope level, and the height of back timber (2) is 0.5 meter to 1.0 meters, width is generally 1.0 meters to 2.0 meters;
Described side bar (3) is be arranged on the interval connection of each bank protection element project of bank slopes maintenance engineering and fixed structure, so that bank slopes maintenance structure monolithic stability is played Stabilization, adopt reinforced concrete structure, the width of side bar (3) is 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter, is highly 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter;
Described domatic grid beams (7) is for be arranged on the reinforced concrete lattice beam protective slope structure that bank slopes maintenance engineering is domatic, domatic basal plane should take manual amendment measure to remove surface scum and ledge stone, the grid of domatic grid beams (7) is rhombus or plane quadrilateral pattern layout, in bank slopes maintenance engineering, one group of domatic grid beams (7) is set along every 14 meters to 21 meters of reservoir area longitudinal direction, the corresponding two jiaos of horizontal spacings of single grid in each group of domatic grid beams (7) are 2 meters to 4 meters, and longitudinal pitch is 3 meters to 5 meters; Lattice beam width in domatic grid beams (7) is 0.2 meter to 0.4 meter, is highly 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter.
8. a kind of reservoir inundation submergence district according to claim 6 restores abandoned land to cultivation the construction method of structure with making, it is characterized in that: described waste fills and refers to that the waste that Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering construction excavation is produced comprehensively backfills utilization, excavation slag charge is backfilled to bottom Engineering Zone of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making to raise the basic elevation of former reservoir inundation submergence district coverage, waste fills according to Engineering Zone orographic condition subregion of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making, classification carries out, and should give and roll compacting, the height filled, the gradient and quantities should be determined according to the requirement for height of raising in restore abandoned land to cultivation with making works scope and former reservoir inundation submergence district.
9. a kind of reservoir inundation submergence district according to claim 6 restores abandoned land to cultivation the construction method of structure with making, it is characterized in that: it is that the material the utilizing low permeability reservoir osmotic control by land region territory, engineering storehouse of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making is in allowed band that described impervious body fills, its filling material is cohesive soil, calculous soil, Weathered Material and admixture, and its infiltration coefficient is not more than 1 × 10-4Cel, impervious body thickness is between 0.5 meter to 1.5 meter, and should give and roll compacting, and it fills the gradient and quantities should be determined according to the requirement for height of raising in restore abandoned land to cultivation with making works scope and former reservoir inundation submergence district.
10. a kind of reservoir inundation submergence district according to claim 6 restores abandoned land to cultivation the construction method of structure with making, it is characterized in that: it is in domatic reinforced concrete lattice beam grid and ground beneath that described sand gravel fills, and the bottom girder of bank slopes maintenance engineering, back timber are basic and periphery, carry out surface surface dust, eliminating impurities and smooth after fill sand gravel, and take compacting machinary to give compacting, the sand gravel nature aggregate filled, its diameter is mixed preparing between 10 centimetres to 30 centimetres, and sand gravel layer thickness should between 0.5 meter to 1.5 meter.
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| CN109371910A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-02-22 | 四川港航建设工程有限公司 | Pad ground raising protection and construction method |
| RU2687716C1 (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2019-05-15 | Акционерное общество "ВНИИ Галургии" (АО "ВНИИ Галургии") | Method of waterproof coating installation on slopes of salt-seam |
| CN110080160A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-08-02 | 重庆交通大学 | Based on the ecological anti-seepage structure and its construction method for mixing gravel clay and herbaceous layer |
| RU2797254C1 (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-06-01 | Акционерное общество "ВНИИ Галургии" (АО "ВНИИ Галургии") | Method for technical reclamation of salt slope |
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