CN105672198B - A kind of reservoir inundation submergence area restores abandoned land to cultivation structure and its construction method with making - Google Patents
A kind of reservoir inundation submergence area restores abandoned land to cultivation structure and its construction method with making Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Restoreed abandoned land to cultivation with making structure and its construction method the invention discloses a kind of reservoir inundation submergence area, the structure of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making fills layer including the waste that riverbed impacts sand gravel stratum and is set in turn in above riverbed impact sand gravel stratum, clay rolling and placement layer, plough plant earthen backfill layer and protection is carried, waste fills layer and clay rolling and placement layer between riverbed impact sand gravel stratum and protection are carried, plough plant earthen backfill layer and fill layer and clay rolling and placement layer top positioned at waste, and carry and being connected with protection, it is respectively arranged with the inside of domatic grid beams and rushes proluvial sandy loam area storehouse week and the area that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making；Methods described step is filled including bank slopes maintenance, waste reuse with protection material, cultivated plant is native excavates and backfill and the construction of attached auxiliary facility.The present invention to the waste that Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering construction is excavated can effectively backfill and comprehensively utilized, and the shrub under Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering reservoir inundation line can be carried out effectively to transplant comprehensive utilization, with effectively alleviating all people in Reservoir region storehouse contradictory problems.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering environmental protection technical field, it is specifically related to a kind of reservoir inundation submergence area and makes
Ground is restoreed abandoned land to cultivation structure and its construction method.
Background technology
It is always Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering that the science for producing waste, right combination Utilizing question are excavated in Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering construction
The content of developing focus concern, in addition, reservoir inundation, retaining and operation are produced to land resource, the living resources in reservoir area storehouse week
It is larger to flood and Effects of Immersion, the production and living of all people in reservoir area storehouse has been also suffered from greater loss, wherein, reservoir floods
Not and submergence area's cultivated land resource loss problem with turning into all people in Reservoir region storehouse the principal aspect of a contradiction.Therefore, planning of science activities, conjunction
Understand the waste comprehensive utilization for Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering construction of determining and the cultivated land resource loss problem in reservoir inundation submergence area, effectively
Contradictory problems, are highly desirable to and urgent with alleviating all people in Reservoir region storehouse.
At present, the land reclamation work system that China's Construction for Hydroelectric Project takes up an area temporarily is more ripe, but on
Flood in Reservoir region storehouse week, the systematic development work such as restore abandoned land to cultivation with making of submerging region carries out less, Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering Reservoir
Area storehouse week people contradictory problems phenomenon still very protrude, economy, environment, the social benefit of water resources and hydropower development are not obtained
Give full play to.Therefore, the living resources from scientific and reasonable utilizing works waste, reduction reservoir inundation waste angle, explore
Effective reservoir inundation submergence area restores abandoned land to cultivation construction method with making, and builds environmental type Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, be it is imperative simultaneously
Meet needs of promoting a conservation culture.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, being restoreed abandoned land to cultivation with making structure and its construction party the invention provides a kind of reservoir inundation submergence area
Method.The present invention wastes angle from the living resources of scientific and reasonable utilizing works waste, reduction reservoir inundation, to water conservancy and hydropower
Flood in engineering Reservoir region storehouse week, the structure of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making of submerging region makes uniform requirement, to improve reservoir inundation submergence area
Restore abandoned land to cultivation with making operating technology level, overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
The present invention is achieved by following technical solution.
A kind of reservoir inundation submergence area restores abandoned land to cultivation structure with making, including riverbed alluviation sand gravel stratum and is set in turn in riverbed
Waste above alluviation sand gravel stratum fills layer, clay rolling and placement layer, ploughs and plant earthen backfill layer and embankment, and the waste is filled out
Build layer and clay rolling and placement layer is located between riverbed alluviation sand gravel stratum and embankment, plough plant earthen backfill layer and filled out positioned at waste
Layer and clay rolling and placement layer top are built, and is connected with embankment, storehouse Zhou Chonghong is respectively arranged with the inside of the domatic grid beams
Sand loam area and the area that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making.
The embankment is made up of bottom girder, back timber, side bar and domatic grid beams, and bottom girder and back timber are respectively placed in domatic grid
The bottom and top of beam, side bar are located between bottom girder and back timber, and domatic grid beams are fixed into one by bottom girder, back timber and side bar
It is overall.
Sand gravel, which is also set up, between the clay rolling and placement layer and embankment fills layer.
The area that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making is disposed with some electric pumping stations and plants native working area, and electric pumping station is close to domatic grid beams one
Side, plants native working area close to proluvial sandy loam area side is rushed storehouse week, is also planted in the area that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making and be implanted with shelter-forest.
New tidal channel is provided with the area that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making, and new tidal channel rushes proluvial sandy loam area storehouse week with being arranged at
Former tidal channel is connected.
A kind of reservoir inundation submergence area is restoreed abandoned land to cultivation the construction method of structure with making, and this method is excavated according to Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering and abandoned
Slag and reservoir inundation, submergence are related to the actual conditions in region, and Reservoir region storehouse week is flooded and is related to region with submergence and makes
Ground is restoreed abandoned land to cultivation work, is restoreed abandoned land to cultivation with making operating technology level with improving reservoir inundation submergence area, is reached water resources and hydropower development and ring
The purpose that border protection is mutually coordinated；Its specific method step includes bank slopes maintenance, waste reuse and excavated with protecting material to fill, ploughing plant soil
And backfill and the construction of attached auxiliary facility；
The bank slopes maintenance be in reservoir inundation and the storehouse bank of submerging region by setting embankment mode to be protected, its
Middle embankment includes bottom girder, back timber, side bar and the domatic grid beams being sequentially connected；
It is to take waste to fill mode in Engineering Zone bottom of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making to lift that the waste reuse is filled with protection material
Plateau reservoir inundation submerges the basic elevation of area's coverage, and is taken by submerging area in former reservoir inundation close to storehouse bank side
Impervious body, which is filled, the mode such as to be filled with sand gravel and gives integrated protection；
The cultivated soil excavation and backfill of planting is to plough reservoir inundation submergence area original place table to plant after native excavated, to therein
Debris is cleared up, and the cultivated plant soil for meeting backfill quality criteria requirements is kept in the specified heap restoreed abandoned land to cultivation with making in Engineering Zone
Field is deposited, after the completion of waste with protection material reclamation work, on Engineering Zone top layer of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making plough and plants earthen backfill；
The attached auxiliary facility refer to restore abandoned land to cultivation with making Engineering Zone by set irrigation pumping station carry out water conservancy irrigation, if
Put tidal channel and carry out flood guide, set shelter-forest to be buried with wind erosion prevention sand, engineering safety of to ensure to make restoreing abandoned land to cultivation, effectively operation.
The bottom girder passes bank slopes maintenance engineering upper load to be arranged on the basis of bank slopes maintenance engineering bottom and riverbed
The supporting construction of riverbed soil supporting layer is passed, using reinforced concrete structure, bottom girder cope level exceeds bank slopes maintenance engineering
10 centimetres to 30 centimetres of the elevation in place riverbed basis, bottom depth of beam is 1.0 meters to 3.0 meters, 0.5 meter to 1.0 meters of width；
The back timber is to be arranged on the fixed structure at the top of bank slopes maintenance engineering, to be risen to bank slopes maintenance structure monolithic stability
Fixation, using reinforced concrete structure, back timber cope level is consistent with bank slopes maintenance engineering cope level, pushes up depth of beam
1.0 meters to 2.0 meters are generally for 0.5 meter to 1.0 meters, width；
The side bar is to be arranged on the interval connection of each bank protection element project of bank slopes maintenance engineering and fixed structure, with to storehouse
Bank safeguard structure monolithic stability plays stabilization, using reinforced concrete structure, and the width of side bar is 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter, height
For 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter；
The domatic grid beams are to be arranged on the domatic reinforced concrete lattice beam protective slope structure of bank slopes maintenance engineering, domatic
Basal plane preferably take manual amendment measure to remove surface scum and ledge stone, the grid of domatic grid beams is the side of plane four
Shape pattern is arranged, longitudinally sets one group of domatic grid beams for every 14 meters to 21 meters along reservoir area in bank slopes maintenance engineering, each group domatic
Single grid two jiaos of horizontal spacings of correspondence in grid beams are 2 meters to 4 meters, and longitudinal pitch is 3 meters to 5 meters；In domatic grid beams 7
Lattice beam width be 0.2 meter to 0.4 meter, be highly 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter.
The waste, which is filled, refers to that the waste produced is excavated to Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering construction to carry out integrating backfill utilization, will open
Digging slag charge is backfilled to restores abandoned land to cultivation Engineering Zone bottom to raise the basic elevation that former reservoir inundation submerges area's coverage, waste with making
Fill and carry out according to Engineering Zone orographic condition subregion of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making, classification, and should give and roll compacting, the height filled, slope
The requirement for height of raising that degree and quantities should submerge area according to restore abandoned land to cultivation with making works scope and former reservoir inundation is determined.
It is the material using low permeability by the reservoir seepage flow control in engineering storehouse land region domain of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making that the impervious body, which is filled,
System is in allowed band, and its filling material is cohesive soil, calculous soil, Weathered Material and admixture, and its infiltration coefficient is not more than 1 ×
10-4Cel, antiseepage body thickness be should give between 0.5 meter to 1.5 meters and roll compacting, and it fills the gradient and quantities should
Determined according to the requirement for height of raising of restore abandoned land to cultivation with making works scope and former reservoir inundation submergence area.
It is in domatic reinforced concrete lattice beam grid and its ground beneath that the sand gravel, which is filled, and bank slopes maintenance
The bottom girder of engineering, back timber basis and periphery, carry out surface surface dust, eliminating impurities with it is smooth after fill sand gravel, and take compacting
Machinery is compacted, and the sand gravel filled is nature aggregate, its diameter mixed preparing, gravel between 10 centimetres to 30 centimetres
Stone layer thickness is preferably between 0.5 meter to 1.5 meters.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Using structure of the present invention of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making, the waste that Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering construction is excavated can be carried out effective
Backfill comprehensive utilization, effectively transplanting can be carried out to the shrub under Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering reservoir inundation line and is comprehensively utilized, and energy
Reservoir inundation is solved to a certain extent and the cultivated land resource loss problem in area is submerged, with effectively alleviating all people in Reservoir region storehouse lance
Shield problem, economy, environment, social benefit significantly, strong reference are provided for exploitation environmental type Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that reservoir inundation of the present invention submerges area upstream side typical section bank slopes maintenance and engineering of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making is cutd open
Face figure；
Fig. 2 is that reservoir inundation of the present invention submerges area's typical section bank slopes maintenance engineering elevation；
Fig. 3 is that reservoir inundation of the present invention submerges area's bank slopes maintenance and engineering floor map of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making.
In figure：1- bottom girders, 2- back timbers, 3- side bars, 4- wastes fill layer, and 5- clays rolling and placement layer, 6- sand gravels are filled
Layer, the domatic grid beams of 7-, 8- reservoir areas original place upper thread, 9-, which is ploughed, plants earthen backfill layer, 10- riverbeds alluviation sand gravel stratum, 11- storehouses Zhou Chong
Proluvial sandy loam area, 12- restores abandoned land to cultivation area with making, and 13- plants native working area, 14- electric pumping stations, the new tidal channels of 15-, 16- original tidal channels,
17- shelter-forests, 18- distinguishes boundary line at restore abandoned land to cultivation with making area's upstream and middle reaches, and the 19- middle reaches areas of area that restore abandoned land to cultivation with making demarcate with catchment
Line, 20- embankments.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but claimed scope is not limited to institute
State.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, a kind of reservoir inundation submergence area of the present invention restores abandoned land to cultivation structure, including riverbed punching with making
Product sand gravel stratum 10 and the waste being set in turn in above riverbed alluviation sand gravel stratum 10 fill layer 4, clay rolling and placement
Layer 5, cultivated plant earthen backfill layer 9 and embankment 20, the waste fills layer 4 and clay rolling and placement layer 5 is located at riverbed blanket sand ovum
Between gravel layer 10 and embankment 20, plough plant earthen backfill layer 9 and filled positioned at waste at the top of layer 4 and clay rolling and placement layer 5, and with
Embankment 20 is connected, and the domatic inner side of grid beams 7, which is respectively arranged with, rushes proluvial sandy loam area 11 storehouse week and the area 12 that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making.
As shown in figure 1, waste fills layer 4 and clay rolling and placement layer 5 is respectively positioned on the top of reservoir area original place upper thread 8.
The embankment 20 is made up of bottom girder 1, back timber 2, side bar 3 and domatic grid beams 7, and bottom girder 1 and back timber 2 are respectively placed in
The bottom and top of domatic grid beams 7, side bar 3 are located between bottom girder 1 and back timber 2, and domatic grid beams 7 pass through bottom girder 1, back timber 2
An entirety is fixed into side bar 3.
Sand gravel, which is also set up, between the clay rolling and placement layer 5 and embankment 20 fills layer 6.
The area 12 that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making is disposed with some electric pumping stations 14 and plants native working area 13, and electric pumping station 14 is close to domatic net
The side of lattice beam 7, plants native working area 13 close to the side of proluvial sandy loam area 11 is rushed storehouse week, also planted in the area 12 that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making be implanted with it is anti-
Protect a forest 17；New tidal channel 15 is provided with the area 12 that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making, and new tidal channel 15 rushes proluvial husky earth storehouse week with being arranged at
The former tidal channel 16 in native area 11 is connected.By setting tidal channel to carry out flood guide, shelter-forest 17 is set to be buried with wind erosion prevention sand, with
Ensure to restore abandoned land to cultivation with making engineering safety, effectively run and give full play to economic, society and environmental benefit.
A kind of reservoir inundation submergence area of the present invention restores abandoned land to cultivation the construction method of structure with making, and this method is according to water conservancy water
Electrical engineering excavates waste and reservoir inundation, submergence are related to the actual conditions in region, and Reservoir region storehouse week is flooded and related to submergence
And region restore abandoned land to cultivation with making work, restoreed abandoned land to cultivation with making operating technology level with improving reservoir inundation submergence area, reach water conservancy and hydropower
The purpose that engineering development is mutually coordinated with environmental protection；Its specific method step includes bank slopes maintenance, waste reuse and protection material and filled out
Build, plough and plant soil excavation and backfill and the construction of attached auxiliary facility；
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the bank slopes maintenance is by setting embankment in reservoir inundation and the storehouse bank of submerging region
20 modes are protected, and wherein embankment 20 includes bottom girder 1, back timber 2, side bar 3 and the domatic grid beams 7 being sequentially connected；
The bottom girder 1 is is arranged on the basis of bank slopes maintenance engineering bottom and riverbed, by bank slopes maintenance engineering upper load
The supporting construction of riverbed soil supporting layer is passed to, to play base support and load-bearing effect to bank slopes maintenance structure monolithic stability,
Armored concrete equal strength height, the structure of low cost are preferably used, the cope level of bottom girder 1 preferably exceeds riverbed where bank slopes maintenance engineering
Basic 10 centimetres to 30 centimetres of elevation, the height of bottom girder 1 be generally 1.0 meters to 3.0 meters, width be generally 0.5 meter to 1.0 meters,
Its physical dimension form, embedded depth of foundation, intensity, stability etc. need to meet respective design requirement.
The back timber 2 is to be arranged on the fixed structure at the top of bank slopes maintenance engineering, with to bank slopes maintenance structure monolithic stability
Play fixation, preferably using armored concrete equal strength is high, low cost structure, the cope level of back timber 2 preferably with bank slopes maintenance work
Journey cope level is consistent, the height of back timber 2 be generally 0.5 meter to 1.0 meters, width be generally 1.0 meters to 2.0 meters, its structure chi
Very little form, embedded depth of foundation, intensity, stability etc. need to meet respective design requirement；
The side bar 3 is to be arranged on the interval connection of each bank protection element project of bank slopes maintenance engineering and fixed structure, with right
Bank slopes maintenance structure monolithic stability plays stabilization, preferably using armored concrete equal strength height, the structure of low cost, side bar 3
Width is generally 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter, generally 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter of height, its physical dimension form, embedded depth of foundation, strong
Degree, stability etc. need to meet respective design requirement；
The domatic grid beams 7 are to be arranged on the domatic reinforced concrete lattice beam protective slope structure of bank slopes maintenance engineering, slope
The basal plane in face preferably takes manual amendment measure to remove surface scum and ledge stone, to ensure that grid beams bank protection slope ratio is less than
1:2, for slope ratio 1:On 2 bank protection anchor structure should be taken to ensure the domatic resistance to overturning of bank slopes maintenance engineering.Slope
The grid of veil lattice beam 7 is generally plane quadrilateral pattern arrangement, preferably in bank slopes maintenance engineering along longitudinally every 14 meters to 21 of reservoir area
Rice sets single grid two jiaos of horizontal spacings of correspondence in one group of domatic grid beams 7, each group of domatic grid beams 7 to be generally 2 meters
To 4 meters, longitudinal pitch is generally 3 meters to 5 meters；Lattice beam width in domatic grid beams 7 is generally 0.2 meter to 0.4 meter, height one
As be 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter.
It is to take waste to fill mode in Engineering Zone bottom of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making to lift that the waste reuse is filled with protection material
Plateau reservoir inundation submerges the basic elevation of area's coverage, and is taken by submerging area in former reservoir inundation close to storehouse bank side
Impervious body is filled the mode such as to fill with sand gravel and give clay rolling and placement layer 5 and sand gravel in integrated protection, such as Fig. 1 and filled
Shown in layer 6, the purpose that Engineering Zone reservoir inundation of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making submerges adverse effect is effectively slowed down to reach；
The waste, which is filled, refers to that the waste produced is excavated to Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering construction to carry out integrating backfill utilization, will open
Digging slag charge is backfilled to restores abandoned land to cultivation Engineering Zone bottom to raise the basic elevation that former reservoir inundation submerges area's coverage, waste with making
Filling can carry out according to Engineering Zone orographic condition subregion of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making, classification, and should give and roll compacting, the height filled,
The requirement for height of raising that the gradient and quantities should submerge area according to restore abandoned land to cultivation with making works scope and former reservoir inundation be determined, and
It is advisable with meeting restore abandoned land to cultivation with making engineering general safety, the stable operation of reservoir inundation submergence area；
It is the material using low permeability by the reservoir seepage flow control in engineering storehouse land region domain of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making that the impervious body, which is filled,
System is in allowed band, and as shown in clay rolling and placement layer 5 in Fig. 1, its filling material is generally cohesive soil, calculous soil, weathering
Material and admixture, its infiltration coefficient is to be not more than 1 × 10-4Cel is advisable, and impervious body should have preferable plasticity and infiltration steady
Qualitative, its thickness is general between 0.5 meter to 1.5 meters, and should give and roll compacting, and it fills the gradient and quantities should be according to making
The restore abandoned land to cultivation requirement for height of raising in works scope and former reservoir inundation submergence area of ground determined, and to meet reservoir inundation submergence area
Engineering of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making general safety, stable operation are advisable.
It is in domatic reinforced concrete lattice beam grid and its ground beneath that the sand gravel, which is filled, and bank slopes maintenance
The bottom girder of engineering, back timber basis and periphery, carry out surface surface dust, eliminating impurities with it is smooth after fill sand gravel, and take compacting
Machinery, which is compacted to form sand gravel as shown in Figure 1, fills layer 6, and the sand gravel filled typically takes nature aggregate, and its is straight
Footpath should between 10 centimetres to 30 centimetres mixed preparing, sand gravel layer thickness is preferably between 0.5 meter to 1.5 meters, to ensure sand
Gravel fills floor and the overall not unstability because of the SEA LEVEL VARIATION in reservoir inundation submergence area of bank slopes maintenance engineering.
The cultivated soil excavation and backfill of planting is to plough reservoir inundation submergence area original place table to plant after native excavated, to therein
Debris is cleared up, and the cultivated plant soil for meeting backfill quality criteria requirements is kept in the specified heap restoreed abandoned land to cultivation with making in Engineering Zone
Field is deposited, after the completion of waste with protection material reclamation work, on Engineering Zone top layer of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making plough and plants earthen backfill, so that shape
Into cultivated plant earthen backfill layer 9 as shown in Figure 1.Qualified cultivated plant soil must not contain the debris such as rubbish, turf, tree root, large scale gravel,
Should be no less than by ploughing plant earthen backfill thickness by 0.6 meter, and specific backfill thickness should be according to Engineering Zone crops corresponding requirements of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making
It is determined that, Geng Zhi earthen backfills area leveling compacting elevation should meet the requirements and can backfill, its flatness be preferably 10000 square metres of scopes ±
30 centimetres, effectively to be comprehensively utilized to reservoir inundation submergence area's soil resource and ensure engineering construction effect of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making.
The attached auxiliary facility refer to restore abandoned land to cultivation with making Engineering Zone by set irrigation pumping station carry out water conservancy irrigation, if
Put tidal channel and carry out flood guide, set shelter-forest to be buried with wind erosion prevention sand, engineering safety of to ensure to make restoreing abandoned land to cultivation, effectively operation are simultaneously
Give full play to economic, society and environmental benefit.
As shown in figure 3, the irrigation pumping station refers to take the grade irrigation by pumping mode of electric pumping station 14 to carry out engineering of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making
The water conservancy irrigation in region, the pumping plant at electric pumping station 14 typically uses centrifugal pump water lift, general to install two, the using and the reserved, pump house knot
Structure is generally ground type brick mix structure, and the design parameter such as water lift flow, lift, rotating speed, the power at electric pumping station 14, which should be met, makes ground
Restore abandoned land to cultivation engineering water conservancy Irrigation Design requirement.
As shown in figure 3, the tidal channel is the irrigation canals and ditches that prevention is restoreed abandoned land to cultivation Engineering Zone flood damage and built with making, tidal channel
It should try one's best newly-built on the basis of the reservoir inundation submergence original tidal channel 16 in area or reconstruct new tidal channel 15, make full use of and restore abandoned land to cultivation with making
Engineering Zone terrain slope is laid, and the flood dammed is flowed into receiving water body with beeline gravity.Tidal channel is typically taken
Open channel form, form of fracture is generally trapezoidal or rectangle；Longitudinal slope is typically no less than 1%, and being considered as setting when longitudinal slope is very big falls
Water or chute, but turning must not be located at；Typically take stone masonry or concrete material；Minimal design flow velocity be generally 0.4 meter/
Second, design maximum flow velocity is generally 4.0 meter per seconds；Tidal channel trend, form, longitudinal slope, design current velocity, design specification etc. are specifically joined
Requirement that number should meet corresponding specification and Engineering Zone of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making is drained off floodwaters.
As shown in figure 3, the shelter-forest 17 is that arbor and shrub are flooded below reservoir inundation line by transplanting, and it is aided with tree
The modes such as seedling, restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making, the interval setting shelter-forest in Engineering Zone periphery and each plot is buried with wind erosion prevention sand, and promotion is gone back with making
Plough Engineering Zone crops stable and high yields.The area's crops coordinated growth that should with making restore abandoned land to cultivation of shelter-forest 17 is on speaking terms, and main root should be deep
And lateral root width is smaller, tree crown is narrower, is difficult wind-fall, windbreak, with stronger cold-resistant, drought resisting, disease and insect resistance, water-fast wet, salt tolerant
The abilities such as alkalescence；Shelter belt spacing is generally trees in 15 times to 20 times of shelter-forest seeds mean stand height, shelter-forest forest belt
Arrangement spacing should reach that effective wind erosion prevention sand buries purpose and is advisable, and Tree Species Selection, seedling quality, method of forestation of shelter-forest etc. are specific
Parameter should meet corresponding specification and Engineering Zone wind erosion prevention sand of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making buries requirement.Shelter-forest 17 is planted in the area 11 that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making
Interior, boundary line 18 is distinguished in restore abandoned land to cultivation with making area's upstream and middle reaches, restore abandoned land to cultivation middle reaches area of area with making being provided with the area 11 that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making
Separated with catchment line of demarcation 19.
Below in conjunction with Qinghai the Yellow River Zhi Gang draw card power station embodiment the present invention program is described in further detail as
Under：
(1) project profile
Qinghai Zhi Gang draws card power station to be located at Eastern Region of Qinghai Province, and its dam site is in Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Huangnan Jianzha County and sea
On the Yellow River mainstream that eastern area Hui Autonomous County of Hualong has a common boundary.Straight hilllock La Ka power stations main task is generates electricity, medium-sized third work
Journey, existing installed capacity 19.0 ten thousand kW, reservoir operation scheme 2050m, level of dead water 2048m, the m of aggregate storage capacity 15,400,0003, wherein adjusting
The m of storage capacity 3,000,0003。
Straight hilllock La Ka power stations use river channel layout pattern, and key construction is sent out by the architectural engineering of right bank dash, diversion
Electrical engineering, sluicing energy dissipating engineering, electric power step-up substation project and left bank earth-rock works composition, maximum height of dam 42.5m, maximum generation water
Head 17.5m.Engineering reservoir inundation is related to Jianzha County Kan Bula towns, Purulent uterine mucositis Ya Shiga towns and Cha Pu townshiies with Key construction and amounts to 2
The town of county 3 (township), engineering construction is forever taken over the land for use 451.86 mu, interim 473.12 mu of expropriation of land.Reservoir inundation land area 0.47km2、
Water surface area 0.51km2, submergence land area 0.17km2, flood arable land 147.33 mu, 199.94 mu of forest land (being all irrigated land),
347.39 mu of deserted mountain barren hill, 11.04 mu of flood land, 1.0 mu of meadow, 173047 plants of fragmentary fruit tree (17741 plants of fruit tree kind, economy
14782 plants of class, with 140524 plants of material class).
Card Hydropower Project is drawn to excavate 110.4 ten thousand m of actual generation in straight hilllock3Waste, is scientific and reasonable utilizing works waste, subtracts
The living resources of few reservoir inundation are wasted, and straight hilllock La Ka power stations, which implement ox beach, to be flooded submergence area and restore abandoned land to cultivation with making special environmentally friendly work
Journey.
(2) restore abandoned land to cultivation with making project situation
1) bank slopes maintenance project situation
Ox beach floods submergence area's bank slopes maintenance and takes concrete, loose stone grid beams embankment, bank protection overall length 2225m, wide
20m, cope level 2052m, beyond reservoir operation scheme 2m, bank protection slope compares 1:2.5.
As shown in figure 1, embankment bottom girder 1 is armored concrete stalk, its width and height are respectively 0.8m and 1.5m, are opened
Digging depth is 1.8m, and bottom girder cope level is beyond the basic elevation 15cm in riverbed where bank slopes maintenance engineering.Embankment back timber 2 is steel
Reinforced concrete stalk, its width and height are respectively 0.5m and 1.0m, cutting depth 1.2m, back timber cope level and bank slopes maintenance
Engineering cope level is consistent, is 2052m.Embankment side bar 3 is armored concrete stalk, and its width and height are respectively 0.3m
And 0.5m.
As shown in Fig. 2 the grid of domatic grid beams 7 is arranged for diamond pattern, it is longitudinally every along reservoir area in bank slopes maintenance engineering
16.85m sets single grid two jiaos of horizontal spacings of correspondence in one group of domatic grid beams 7, each group of domatic grid beams 7 to be 3m,
Longitudinal pitch is 4m；Lattice beam width in domatic grid beams 7 is 0.3m, is highly 0.5m.
2) waste reuse and protection material reclamation work situation
Ox beach floods submergence area and belongs to II grades of terraces, pedestal elevation 2038m~2042m, and top layer is 1m~7m thickness
Diluvial loam and fine sand soil.When card reservoir operation scheme 2050m is drawn on straight hilllock, ox beach submergence area mean breadth 98m, length
1500m, elevation scope 2050m~2053.2m, 221 mu of influence basin.
Draw the m of waste 110.4 ten thousand that card Hydropower Project construction and excavation is produced in straight hilllock3All it is transported to ox beach and floods submergence area go back to
Fill out, to raise the basic elevation that former reservoir inundation submerges area's coverage, waste backfills, rolls rear elevation for 2050.4m (downstreams
Side)~2051m (upstream side), ground engineering validity is made to ensure to plough plant earthen backfill.
Impervious body is carried out using clay to fill, its infiltration coefficient is not more than 1 × 10-4cm/s, with preferable plasticity and oozing
Saturating stability, filling-up thickness is 1.0m (top)~1.5m (bottom), and it is 1 that impervious body, which rolls the gradient after compacting,:2.5.
In domatic reinforced concrete lattice beam grid and its ground beneath, and bank slopes maintenance engineering embankment bottom girder
1st, the basis of embankment back timber 2 and periphery, carry out surface surface dust, eliminating impurities with it is smooth after fill sand gravel constitute it is as shown in Figure 2
Sand gravel fill layer 6, and take compacting machinary to be compacted, form that waste as shown in Figure 1 fills layer 4 and clay is rolled and filled out
Layer 5 is built, the sand gravel filled is nature aggregate, and its diameter is in 10cm to mixed preparing between 30cm, sand gravel layer thickness
For 1.0m.
3) plough and plant soil excavation and stemming operation situation
Ox beach, which is flooded to plough in submergence area, plants soil averagely excavation thickness 1.0m, the m of excavated volume 38.54 ten thousand3, plough to plant after soil is excavated and protect
Deposit to ox beach to flood corresponding work area in submergence area and specify and store up field, after the backfill of engineering waste, rolling, then preservation will have been excavated
Plough and plant earthen backfill, the m of backfill amount 36.85 ten thousand3。
Plough and plant earthen backfill elevation for 2051.4m (downstream)~2052m (upstream side), flood real in submergence area according to ox beach
Border situation is divided into three regions：Upstream backfill elevation be 2052m, middle reaches area backfill elevation 2051.4m (nearly downstream)~
2052m (nearly upstream side) interval transition, catchment backfill elevation is 2051.4m.Plant earthen backfill quality control standard is ploughed on ox beach：
Qualified cultivated plant soil must not contain rubbish, turf, tree root, heavy sand matter and gravelstone；Plough and plant soil thickness no less than 60.0cm, must before backfill
Basic unit must be carried out an acceptance inspection, leveling compacting elevation meets the requirements and can backfilled；Back filled region flatness requirement 10000m2 scopes ±
25cm。
4) attached auxiliary facility project situation
Irrigation pumping station be small-sized electric pumping station, respectively Niu Tan restore abandoned land to cultivation with making Project Areas upstream, middle reaches, downstream set one at pump
Room, pump room structure is ground type brick mix structure, installs two horizontal multi-stage single suction segmented centrifugal pump water lifts, and the using and the reserved are carried
Water-carrying capacity 12.5m3/ h, lift 20m, rotating speed 2950rpm, take out power 1.33kW, power of motor 2.2kW.
As shown in figure 3, new tidal channel 15 newly-built, long 432m on the basis of Niu Tan floods the submergence original canal 16 that drains off floodwaters in area,
Open channel form is taken, is the thick stone masonry trapezoidal cross-sections of 0.3m, bottom width 1.8m, canal depth 1.6m~1.8m, slope compares 1:1.Tidal channel is indulged
Slope 2%, minimal design flow velocity 0.4m/s, design maximum flow velocity 4.0m/s.
Ox beach restore abandoned land to cultivation with making Engineering Zone shelter-forest mainly by transplant flooded below reservoir inundation line willow, willow and
Other shrubs, wherein 37741 plants of willow, 34782 plants of willow, sea-buckthorn, German tamarisk, goat willow, Lonicera hispida (steph) Pall ex Roem et Schult, caragana microphylla etc.
All kinds of 240524 plants of shrubs, the arbor height of tree is between 3.0m~7.0m, in Engineering Zone periphery and each plot interval of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making
Set, shelter belt spacing is 120m.
(3) restore abandoned land to cultivation with making project benefit
Ox beach flood submergence area restore abandoned land to cultivation with making special environmental engineering amount to investment 24,300,000 yuan, using of the present invention
Structure of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making, not only solve the problems, such as major project build waste disposal and reservoir inundation line under vegetation protection, to storehouse
Bank floods submergence area and has carried out effective protection, also implements to make 402.6 mu of ground area, wherein the 341.04 mu of (wheats 197.80 in arable land
Mu, 30.69 mu of coarse cereals, 17.05 mu of potato, 17.06 mu of rape, 27.28 mu of vegetables, 51.16 mu of greenfeed), 8.83 mu of forest land
(predominantly plough both sides shelter-forest), 34.66 mu of construction land (predominantly Ecological sightseeing garden room), area's agricultural kind of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making
Plant and sightseeing tour every year can nearly 1,000,000 yuan of extra earning, for slowing down straight hilllock La Ka Reservoir of Hydropower Station people contradiction, improve in region
Peasant's production and living serve larger facilitation, generate good environment, economic and social benefit.
Claims (10)
- The structure 1. a kind of reservoir inundation submergence area restores abandoned land to cultivation with making, it is characterised in that：Including riverbed alluviation sand gravel stratum (10) and The waste above riverbed alluviation sand gravel stratum (10) is set in turn in fill layer (4), clay rolling and placement layer (5), plough and plant soil Layer (9) and embankment (20) are backfilled, the waste fills layer (4) and clay rolling and placement layer (5) is located at riverbed blanket sand ovum gravel Between rock layers (10) and embankment (20), plough plant earthen backfill layer (9) and fill layer (4) and clay rolling and placement layer (5) positioned at waste Top, and being connected with embankment (20), be respectively arranged with the inside of domatic grid beams (7) rush in storehouse week proluvial sandy loam area (11) and Restore abandoned land to cultivation area (12) with making.
- The structure 2. a kind of reservoir inundation submergence area according to claim 1 restores abandoned land to cultivation with making, it is characterised in that：The embankment (20) it is made up of bottom girder (1), back timber (2), side bar (3) and domatic grid beams (7), bottom girder (1) and back timber (2) are respectively placed in domatic The bottom and top of grid beams (7), side bar (3) are located between bottom girder (1) and back timber (2), and domatic grid beams (7) pass through bottom girder (1), back timber (2) and side bar (3) are fixed into an entirety.
- The structure 3. a kind of reservoir inundation submergence area according to claim 1 restores abandoned land to cultivation with making, it is characterised in that：The clay grinds Pressure, which is filled, to be also set up sand gravel and fills layer (6) between layer (5) and embankment (20).
- The structure 4. a kind of reservoir inundation submergence area according to claim 1 restores abandoned land to cultivation with making, it is characterised in that：It is described to go back with making Area (12) are ploughed to be disposed with some electric pumping stations (14) and plant native working area (13), and electric pumping station (14) are close to domatic grid beams (7) one Side, plants native working area (13) close to proluvial sandy loam area (11) side is rushed storehouse week, interior also kind is implanted with anti-in the area (12) that restores abandoned land to cultivation with making Protect a forest (17).
- The structure 5. a kind of reservoir inundation submergence area according to claim 1 restores abandoned land to cultivation with making, it is characterised in that：It is described to go back with making Plough and new tidal channel (15) is provided with area (12), and new tidal channel (15) is with being arranged at the original for rushing proluvial sandy loam area (11) storehouse week Tidal channel (16) is connected.
- The construction method of structure 6. a kind of submergence of the reservoir inundation as described in claim 1 to 5 any one area restores abandoned land to cultivation with making, it is special Levy and be：This method excavates waste according to Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering and reservoir inundation, submergence are related to the actual conditions in region, to water Kuku area, which is flooded in storehouse week, to be related to region with submergence and restore abandoned land to cultivation with making work；Its specific method step includes bank slopes maintenance, waste Reuse is filled with protection material, cultivated soil of planting is excavated and backfill and the construction of attached auxiliary facility；The bank slopes maintenance be in reservoir inundation and the storehouse bank of submerging region by setting embankment (20) mode to be protected, its Middle embankment (20) includes bottom girder (1), back timber (2), side bar (3) and the domatic grid beams (7) being sequentially connected；It is to take waste to fill mode to raise original in Engineering Zone bottom of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making that the waste reuse is filled with protection material Reservoir inundation submerges the basic elevation of area's coverage, and takes antiseepage close to storehouse bank side by submerging area in former reservoir inundation Body is filled gives integrated protection with the sand gravel mode of filling；The cultivated soil excavation and backfill of planting is to plough reservoir inundation submergence area original place table to plant after native excavated, to debris therein Cleared up, and the cultivated plant soil that backfills quality criteria requirements will be met and kept in restore abandoned land to cultivation in Engineering Zone with making specified store up , after the completion of waste with protection material reclamation work, on Engineering Zone top layer of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making plough and plant earthen backfill；The attached auxiliary facility refers in Engineering Zone of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making by setting irrigation pumping station to carry out water conservancy irrigation, setting row Great Gulch carries out flood guide, sets shelter-forest to be buried with wind erosion prevention sand, engineering safety of to ensure to make restoreing abandoned land to cultivation, effectively operation.
- The construction method of structure 7. a kind of reservoir inundation submergence area according to claim 6 restores abandoned land to cultivation with making, it is characterised in that： The bottom girder (1) passes to bank slopes maintenance engineering upper load to be arranged on the basis of bank slopes maintenance engineering bottom and riverbed The supporting construction of riverbed soil supporting layer, using reinforced concrete structure, bottom girder (1) cope level exceeds bank slopes maintenance engineering institute In basic 10 centimetres to 30 centimetres of the elevation in riverbed, the height of bottom girder (1) is 1.0 meters to 3.0 meters, 0.5 meter to 1.0 meters of width；The back timber (2) is to be arranged on the fixed structure at the top of bank slopes maintenance engineering, to be risen to bank slopes maintenance structure monolithic stability Fixation, using reinforced concrete structure, back timber (2) cope level is consistent with bank slopes maintenance engineering cope level, back timber (2) height is 0.5 meter to 1.0 meters, width is 1.0 meters to 2.0 meters；The side bar (3) is to be arranged on the interval connection of each bank protection element project of bank slopes maintenance engineering and fixed structure, with to storehouse Bank safeguard structure monolithic stability plays stabilization, using reinforced concrete structure, and the width of side bar (3) is 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter, Highly it is 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter；The domatic grid beams (7) are domatic to be arranged on the domatic reinforced concrete lattice beam protective slope structure of bank slopes maintenance engineering Basal plane take manual amendment measure to remove surface scum and ledge stone, the grid of domatic grid beams (7) is plane four Side shape pattern arrangement, longitudinally one group of domatic grid beams (7), each group are set for every 14 meters to 21 meters in bank slopes maintenance engineering along reservoir area Single grid two jiaos of horizontal spacings of correspondence in domatic grid beams (7) are 2 meters to 4 meters, and longitudinal pitch is 3 meters to 5 meters；Domatic net Lattice beam width in lattice beam (7) is 0.2 meter to 0.4 meter, is highly 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter.
- The construction method of structure 8. a kind of reservoir inundation submergence area according to claim 6 restores abandoned land to cultivation with making, it is characterised in that： The waste, which is filled, refers to that the waste produced is excavated to Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering construction to carry out integrating backfill utilization, will excavate slag charge and return It is filled to and restores abandoned land to cultivation Engineering Zone bottom with making to raise the basic elevation that former reservoir inundation submerges area's coverage, waste fills basis Restore abandoned land to cultivation with making Engineering Zone orographic condition subregion, classification is carried out, and should give height, the gradient and the engineering for rolling compacting, filling The requirement for height of raising that amount should submerge area according to restore abandoned land to cultivation with making works scope and former reservoir inundation is determined.
- The construction method of structure 9. a kind of reservoir inundation submergence area according to claim 6 restores abandoned land to cultivation with making, it is characterised in that： It is to be allowed the reservoir osmotic control in engineering storehouse land region domain of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation with making using the material of low permeability that the impervious body, which is filled, In the range of, its filling material is cohesive soil, calculous soil, Weathered Material and admixture, and its infiltration coefficient is not more than 1 × 10-4Centimetre/ Second, antiseepage body thickness be should give between 0.5 meter to 1.5 meters and roll compacting, and it fills the gradient and quantities should be according to making ground Works scope of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation and the requirement for height of raising in former reservoir inundation submergence area are determined.
- The construction method of structure 10. a kind of reservoir inundation submergence area according to claim 6 restores abandoned land to cultivation with making, its feature exists In：It is in domatic reinforced concrete lattice beam grid and its ground beneath that the sand gravel, which is filled, and bank slopes maintenance engineering Bottom girder, back timber basis and periphery, carry out surface surface dust, eliminating impurities with it is smooth after fill sand gravel, and take compacting machinary It is compacted, the sand gravel filled is nature aggregate, its diameter mixed preparing between 10 centimetres to 30 centimetres, sand gravel paving Expect thickness between 0.5 meter to 1.5 meters.
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| RU2687716C1 (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2019-05-15 | Акционерное общество "ВНИИ Галургии" (АО "ВНИИ Галургии") | Method of waterproof coating installation on slopes of salt-seam |
| CN109371910B (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2020-08-14 | 四川港航建设工程有限公司 | Ground-cushion height-filling protection and construction method |
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| CN202085468U (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2011-12-28 | 江西省水利规划设计院 | Soil layer structure for field-lifting engineering |
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| CN205501928U (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-24 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Structure of restoreing abandoned land to cultivation is distinguished in reservoir inundation submergence with making |
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