CN110565577A - Ecological restoration method for channel renovation project - Google Patents
Ecological restoration method for channel renovation project Download PDFInfo
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- CN110565577A CN110565577A CN201910834434.4A CN201910834434A CN110565577A CN 110565577 A CN110565577 A CN 110565577A CN 201910834434 A CN201910834434 A CN 201910834434A CN 110565577 A CN110565577 A CN 110565577A
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- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 24
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/128—Coherent linings made on the spot, e.g. cast in situ, extruded on the spot
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological restoration method of a channel improvement project, which relates to the field of environmental protection, the ecological restoration method of the channel improvement project is cured in situ, sludge is not transported outwards, bottom mud dug out from a channel is added into a channel restoration agent and is piled and filled in a bottom mud piling area, then after the channel is dredged, a covering layer is laid, the bottom mud processed by the bottom mud piling area is backfilled to the upper part of the covering layer to finish restoration, meanwhile, an in-situ covering area is arranged in a channel water flow channel after dredging, the construction difficulty is small, a large number of micropores are generated in a restoration layer by establishing a three-dimensional riverbed bottom mud space, a filtering function is added on a permeable basis, and an attachment base material is also provided for microorganisms in the future, which is beneficial to self-cleaning of a channel water body, keeps the water quality stable, promotes the improvement effect of the native microorganisms on the water quality of the channel, and ensures that the maintenance of the water body achieves the purposes of, the rapid effect is achieved, the water-flowing capacity of the channel is recovered in a short time, and the influence of the engineering on agricultural irrigation, flood management and drainage is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to an ecological restoration method for channel renovation engineering.
Background
Concrete slope protection and bottom protection are a common treatment mode in the water conservancy industry, although the technology is mature, the degree of mechanization is high, the construction cost can be controlled, and the quality can be guaranteed, the concrete slope protection and bottom protection have no characteristics of durability and ecological environmental protection due to the nature of cement. In response to the national call, various ecological and environment-friendly materials have come into play.
the invention discloses an ecological restoration method of channel polluted bottom sediment, which is published in the patent document No. CN201710655266.3 of China, and although the property of the channel polluted bottom sediment is changed, the release of pollutants such as heavy metal in the bottom sediment is prevented, and the water quality purification function of the channel is improved, the problem of outward transportation of the sediment cannot be solved. Therefore, on the premise of adopting ecological environment-friendly materials, how to prevent the release of pollutants and solve the problem of transporting sludge outside becomes one of the objects to be improved by the invention.
Meanwhile, because the purification paths at the two ends of the channel are short and are greatly influenced by the water quality of a water source, the treatment difficulty at the two ends of the channel is high and the uncertainty factors are more. Ecological management of water environments is relatively lengthy, and different targets should be formulated according to different time and regions.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of related products in the prior art, the invention provides an ecological restoration method for a channel improvement project, which aims to solve the problems of sludge transportation, water purification, reduction of the influence of the project on agricultural irrigation, flood management and drainage and the like.
the invention provides an ecological restoration method for a channel renovation project, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: arranging a bottom mud stacking area at the side of a river bank, cleaning sludge at the bottom of a channel and humus on a slope protection edge, adding a channel repairing agent into the sludge and stacking the sludge in the bottom mud stacking area, arranging an in-situ covering area in a channel water flow channel after dredging, paving a covering layer on the bottom mud of the in-situ covering area, wherein the filling material of the covering layer is a mixture of clay and the channel repairing agent, and then backfilling the bottom mud after the bottom mud stacking area is treated to the upper part of the covering layer to finish repairing;
Step 2: arranging a bank line, wherein the newly-built bank line is planned to be arranged at the outer side of the existing bank, partially adjusting to enable the bank line to be smooth, connecting two ends of the newly-built bank line with a natural high land to form a flood-control closed ring, and basically keeping the bank line of a reinforced bank section consistent with the original bank line;
and step 3: respectively determining a channel cross section and a corresponding channel longitudinal section according to the actual state of the channel;
And 4, step 4: calculating the bank protection scouring depth to determine the burying depth of the bank protection footing and calculating the elevation of the top of the bank to determine the safety superelevation of the top of the river section flood bank;
And 5: filling the dike body, removing the surface layer covering soil before filling the dike body, and returning the surface layer covering soil after filling the dike body;
Step 6: according to the hydrological characteristics, geology, topographic conditions, arrangement characteristics and construction progress of the engineering area, the engineering construction diversion mode adopts staged diversion;
And 7: slope protection solidification, including ecological solidification slope protection and turf bank protection.
in some embodiments of the invention, in step 3, for a river reach with flood control capability meeting the requirement, protective measures are built along a river bank or a bank slope along with the turning situation, the current flood section of the channel is basically maintained, and the bank slope ratio is not steeper than 1: 1.5; for river banks with flood control capability not meeting the flood control requirement or with great potential safety hazard in the current embankment quality, the river reach needs to meet the flood control requirement through dredging and obstacle clearing, and building or reinforcing embankment engineering.
in some embodiments of the invention, the calculation of the smooth revetment scouring depth in step 4 comprises the scouring depth generated by the water flow parallel to the bank slope and the scouring depth of the water flow obliquely scouring the protective bank slope.
in some embodiments of the invention, the depth of the scour produced by the water flow parallel to the bank slope is passed throughCalculation, in the formula: h isBthe local scouring depth is calculated from the water surface; h ispThe depth of water at the scouring site; vcpIs the average flow rate; vallow forAllowing the non-impact flow rate on the surface of the river bed; n is 1/4.
in some embodiments of the invention, the water flow is obliquely rushed to prevent the bank slope from scouring to a depthCalculation, in the formula: Δ hpTo come from a riverLocal depth of penetration from bottom to top; alpha is the intersection angle of the water flow direction and the bank slope; m is the coefficient of the side slope on the upstream surface of the protective building; d is the calculated grain diameter of the soil at the toe of the slope, and 0.02m is taken; v isjIs the local scouring flow rate of the water flow.
In some embodiments of the invention, the partial flush rate of the water flow is throughCalculation, in the formula: b is1the distance from the edge of the river channel to the toe is the width of the river beach; q1design flow through the beach section; h1the beach water depth; eta is the water flow velocity distribution uneven coefficient.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the construction period, a longitudinal cofferdam and upstream and downstream transverse cofferdams are built at a river section where the cofferdam needs to be built for construction, if both banks have reinforcing and transforming engineering, the longitudinal cofferdam can be adopted to firstly surround the upstream and downstream of one bank for one-side construction, after the construction is finished, the upstream and downstream cofferdams are dismantled, the upstream and downstream cofferdams of the other bank are built, and the engineering construction of the other bank is carried out; during construction, the cofferdam of each construction section is built according to construction requirements, the cofferdam moves towards the downstream section by section, and accumulated water, rainwater and the like in a foundation pit are pumped and drained to a channel through a water pump after being converged into a centralized drainage ditch.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the ecological cured revetment further comprises the steps of:
a. Carrying out sectional cofferdam or local cofferdam precipitation on the target channel;
b. clearing up a channel side slope, clearing away rubbish and weeds, setting out the line and primarily shaping according to design requirements, and clearing the redundant floating soil into a riverbed;
c. Adding water and a channel repairing agent according to a certain water-cement ratio, and stirring into slurry for later use;
d. Calculating the amount of the prescription according to the thickness of the bottom mud of the riverbed, the width of the riverbed and the working radius of the excavator, and adding the prepared slurry according to the amount of the prescription and the amount of the designed material;
e. fully stirring and mixing, standing for 3 hours, sticking the mixed bottom mud on a river slope after 3 hours, wherein the thickness of the single slope sticking is based on the standard that the mixed bottom mud does not slide and flow, and if the design standard thickness is larger than the thickness of the single slope sticking, constructing in two days;
f. leveling the slope surface and maintaining, wherein the maintenance is mainly to keep the slope surface moist;
g. covering vegetation, laying lawn or spraying grass seeds.
in some embodiments of the invention, a peak seismic acceleration is determined for the project area to determine whether to design for seismic resistance.
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
curing in situ, adding the heavy metal polluted bottom mud dug out from the channel into a channel repairing agent without transporting the mud outwards, piling the mud in a bottom mud piling area, then after the channel is dredged, a covering layer is laid, the sediment after the sediment stacking area is processed is backfilled to the upper part of the covering layer to finish the restoration, meanwhile, an in-situ covering area is arranged in a channel water flow channel after dredging, the construction difficulty is small, a large number of micropores are generated in a repairing layer by establishing a three-dimensional riverbed sediment space, the filtering function is added on the basis of air and water permeability, and an adhesion substrate is provided for microorganisms in the future, which is beneficial to self-purification of the water body of the channel, and the water quality is kept stable, the improvement effect of indigenous microorganisms on the water quality of the channel is promoted, the water maintenance of the channel achieves the aims of low cost, long acting and sustainability, the effect is fast achieved, the water delivery capacity of the channel is recovered in a short time, and the influence of engineering on agricultural irrigation, flood management and drainage is reduced.
Detailed Description
in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. This invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present disclosure is set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding thereof. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
The invention provides an ecological restoration method for a channel renovation project, which specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the method comprises the steps of arranging a bottom mud stacking area on the side of a river bank, cleaning sludge at the bottom of a channel and humus on a slope protection edge, adding a channel repairing agent into the sludge and stacking the sludge in the bottom mud stacking area, arranging an in-situ covering area in a channel water flow channel after dredging, paving a covering layer on the bottom mud of the in-situ covering area, filling a mixture of clay and the channel repairing agent into the covering layer, and backfilling the bottom mud after the bottom mud stacking area is treated to the upper part of the covering layer to finish repairing.
In the embodiment of the invention, the channel repairing agent is an ecological repairing agent in application number CN201810888927.1, bubbles generated in the stirring and mixing process of the channel repairing agent and the bottom mud are quickly fixed in the bottom mud layer, so that micro cavities are formed, the bottom mud forms a porous structure and has a filtering function, a three-dimensional riverbed bottom mud space is established, an attachment base material is provided for microorganisms in the future, and the channel water body self-cleaning is facilitated.
Step 2: arranging a dike line, wherein the newly-built dike line is planned to be arranged at the outer side of the existing dike, partially adjusting to enable the dike line to be smooth, connecting two ends with the natural high ground to form a flood control closing ring, and basically keeping the dike line of the reinforced dike section consistent with the original dike line.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the arrangement principle of the embankment line includes:
The dike lines are considered to be adaptive to the flow direction of the river and are approximately parallel to the main flow line of the flood, the distance between the dikes of the two banks meets the flood running requirement, and the dikes of the two banks are removed from the banks to clear barriers if necessary, so that the channel is ensured to have an enough water passing section.
The stress of the dike line is smoothly solved, and the dike sections are connected gently without adopting broken lines or sharp bends.
The embankment project should utilize the existing embankments and favorable terrains as much as possible to avoid soft foundations, deep water zones or permeable foundations, build on the stable beach with better soil quality and leave a beach land with proper width to be favorable for flood discharge.
The dike line arrangement should avoid occupying pressure to farmland, removing buildings and other buildings as much as possible so as to save engineering investment and facilitate management.
The natural shoreline of the channel is maintained as much as possible, and the coordination with the surrounding environment and the ecological environment is considered on the premise of ensuring the flood safety.
And step 3: and respectively determining the cross section of the channel and the corresponding longitudinal section of the channel according to the actual state of the channel.
in the embodiment of the invention, the design of the cross section of the channel is the design of the shape and the geometric dimension, and is influenced by factors such as the plane shape of the channel, the topographic feature function, the flood beach condition, the proper width of the dry water surface and the like. For the river reach with flood control capacity meeting the requirement, constructing protective measures along the river bank or bank slope along with the turning situation, basically keeping the current flood section of the channel, coordinating the channel bank slope with the surrounding terrain and environment, striving for the nature, and ensuring that the bank slope ratio is not steeper than 1: 1.5; for river banks with flood control capability not meeting the flood control requirement or with great potential safety hazard in the current embankment quality, the river reach needs to meet the flood control requirement through dredging and obstacle clearing, and building or reinforcing embankment engineering.
For the longitudinal section of the channel, wherein the channel gradient determines the water flow energy, the sediment transport channel and the change of landform, if the slope gradient is too small, the sediment deposition problem is likely to be generated; if the slope is too great, the problem of cutting the river bed may be caused. Therefore, the longitudinal section of the channel mainly keeps the natural state, and the local part of the channel has slight change, so that the diversity of the channel is fully exerted on the premise of ensuring the flood control safety.
And 4, step 4: and calculating the bank protection scouring depth to determine the burying depth of the bank protection footing and calculating the elevation of the top of the bank to determine the safety superelevation of the top of the river section flood bank.
The depth of the smooth revetment scouring is determined according to the following formula.
calculating the scouring depth generated by the water flow parallel to the bank slope:
In the formula: h isBis the local scouring depth (m) from the water surface; h ispReplacing the water depth (m) of the scouring part by the maximum depth of an approximate design water level; vcpIs the average flow velocity (m/s); vAllow forAllowing the non-impact flow velocity (m/s) on the surface of the river bed; n is related to the shape of the revetment on the plane, and is 1/4.
calculating the scouring depth of the water flow inclined scouring protection bank slope:
In the formula: Δ hpIs the local depth (m) from the river bottom; alpha is the intersection angle of the water flow direction and the bank slope; m is the coefficient of the side slope on the upstream surface of the protective building; d is the calculated grain diameter (m) of the soil at the toe of the slope, and 0.02m is taken; v isjIs the local scouring flow velocity (m/s) of the water flow.
In the formula: b is1The distance (m) from the edge of the river channel to the toe is the width of the river beach; q1Design flow rate for the portion passing through the beach (m 3/s); h1River beach water depth (m); eta is the water flow velocity distribution uneven coefficient.
for example, when the local scouring depth is calculated to be 0.10-0.20m, the embedding depth of the revetment footing is the extra depth of the local scouring depth plus 0.3m, and the embedding depth of the revetment footing is 0.5 m.
and 5: and (3) filling the dike body, removing the surface layer covering soil before filling the dike body, and returning the surface layer covering soil after filling the dike body.
in the construction process, the quality of sand gravel filling is strictly controlled, silt and miscellaneous filling are not allowed to fill the dike, in order to protect the tight combination of the old and new dikes, the thickness of the foundation is 30cm, the old dike slope is dug into a step shape so as to be convenient for layered filling, the filling soil material Ip is required to be 10-20, the permeability coefficient is not more than 1 multiplied by 10 < -4 > cm/s, the compaction degree is not less than 0.91, and the layered filling is compacted, wherein the thickness of each layer is 20 cm.
in the process of filling the dike body, the filling of the dike (or the large volume) is carried out by adopting an excavator, a dump truck carries materials, a bulldozer flattens the materials, and a vibration roller (or a tamping machine) is used for compacting, and the roller compaction of the corner parts can be carried out by adopting small-sized compacting equipment such as a tamping machine. The backfill of the small part can adopt a manual construction method.
The qualified rate of the filling dry volume weight is not less than 90 percent, unqualified parts cannot be concentrated, and the unqualified dry volume weight is not less than 97 percent of the designed dry volume weight. When the backfill soil is filled to the last layer, attention should be paid to leveling and rolling of surface layer soil materials, and the surface layer is guaranteed to be level and meet the design specification requirements. The clay material filling should meet the requirement that the degree of compaction is not less than 0.9, and the sand-gravel material filling should meet the requirement that the relative density is not less than 0.65. Backfilling earthwork around the building, constructing under the condition that the strength of the building reaches 50% -70% of the design strength, and constructing by adopting a method of digging and loading by a backhoe excavator, transporting by a dump truck, carrying by a bulldozer or manually paving, and tamping by a tamping machine. The earthwork filling can use materials which can be used by excavation, and the deficient parts adopt stock ground materials.
Step 6: and according to the hydrological characteristics, geology, topographic conditions, arrangement characteristics and construction progress of the engineering area, the engineering construction flow guide mode adopts stage flow guide.
Wherein, in the construction period, the longitudinal cofferdam and the upstream and downstream transverse cofferdams are built at the river reach where the cofferdam needs to be built for construction. If both banks have the reinforcing and transforming engineering, the longitudinal cofferdam can be adopted to firstly surround the upstream and downstream of one bank for construction on one side, after the construction is finished, the cofferdam on the upstream and downstream of the longitudinal cofferdam is dismantled, the cofferdam on the upstream and downstream of the other bank is built, and the engineering construction on the other bank is carried out.
During construction, the cofferdam of each construction section is built according to construction requirements, the cofferdam moves towards the downstream section by section, and accumulated water, rainwater and the like in a foundation pit are pumped and drained to a channel through a water pump after being converged into a centralized drainage ditch.
arranging cofferdams: the upstream cofferdam is arranged about 10m upstream from the construction section, the downstream cofferdam is arranged about 10m downstream from the construction section, and the longitudinal cofferdam is arranged about 10m from the bank slope foot.
designing a cofferdam: the cofferdam is a homogeneous soil cofferdam, the slope ratio of the slope of the upstream side slope and the downstream side slope is 1:1.5, and the width of the top of the cofferdam is 1.0 m.
And 7: slope protection solidification, including ecological solidification slope protection and turf bank protection.
the ecological cured revetment also comprises the following steps:
a. Carrying out sectional cofferdam or local cofferdam precipitation on the target channel;
b. Clearing up a channel side slope, clearing away rubbish and weeds, setting out the line and primarily shaping according to design requirements, and clearing the redundant floating soil into a riverbed;
c. adding water and a channel repairing agent according to a certain water-cement ratio, and stirring into slurry for later use;
d. Calculating the amount of the prescription according to the thickness of the bottom mud of the riverbed, the width of the riverbed and the working radius of the excavator, and adding the prepared slurry according to the amount of the prescription and the amount of the designed material;
e. Fully stirring and mixing, standing for 3 hours, sticking the mixed bottom mud on a river slope after 3 hours, wherein the thickness of the single slope sticking is based on the standard that the mixed bottom mud does not slide and flow, and if the design standard thickness is larger than the thickness of the single slope sticking, constructing in two days;
f. Leveling the slope surface and maintaining, wherein the maintenance is mainly to keep the slope surface moist;
g. Covering vegetation, laying lawn or spraying grass seeds.
The turf protection slope is implemented according to the sequence of construction preparation, measurement lofting, site arrangement, surface soil preparation, laying, grass seed sowing, completion cleaning, management and maintenance and delivery acceptance.
Construction survey lofting is implemented according to the standard of engineering survey specifications and monograph instructions (GB 50076-93). The measuring instrument adopts a theodolite and a level. Before specific measurement and setting-out, square grids are laid according to a construction plan, the distance between the square grids is preferably 20m, control piles are driven, and protection is well done. The whole lofting measurement work must comply with the principle of 'controlling the breaking part from whole to part'.
before the surface soil laying is set to the beginning of the engineering, the surface soil is arranged and required in a turf construction area according to drawings and is leveled, loosened, laid and the like according to the requirements in combination with the field conditions so as to ensure the survival of the turf.
the field leveling is to clean the redundant sandy soil in the dam slope and sundries which are not beneficial to the growth of the turf or influence the landscape. Leveling the ground according to the requirements of the contour line size shape and the section of the construction drawing. The arrangement is carried out according to the principle of 'high shoveling and low filling'. The construction machinery adopts a small excavator with 0.4 bucket capacity and a small harrow pushing machine to form a model. The arrangement can be performed manually without mechanical construction at the gentle slope part. In order to loosen the surface soil and facilitate the growth of plants, the plough layer is deeply ploughed, the plough layer with the depth of 20-30cm is ploughed by a machine, large pieces of soil are smashed, gravels, tree roots, tree piles and other garbage are removed and transported to a place with supervision agreement to be discarded, and the undisturbed soil in a working area forms planting soil. And (4) improving and treating the soil in the area with poor physical and chemical properties of part of soil. The treatment is purposefully performed.
after the workplace is leveled and treated, the top soil should be laid, and when the top soil is too wet or unfavorable for laying, the top soil should not be laid. And rolling the surface soil after paving, keeping the dam slope in accordance with the designed slope ratio, and draining by using a drainage ditch.
The construction sequence of sowing the grass seeds is construction preparation → soil layer preparation → grass seed purchasing → transportation → sowing → watering and fertilizing → management and maintenance.
Construction materials: grass seeds: the seeds should have the characteristics of drought tolerance, waterlogging tolerance, easiness, large tendril surface, developed roots, low and strong stems and perennial growth. Fertilizer: the content of the fertilizer is not less than 10% of ammonia, 15% of phosphate and 10% of potassium carbonate; or selecting the content of the components according to the fertility status of the soil. The mixed fertilizer is formed by evenly mixing 10 percent of organic fertilizer, 20 percent of chemical fertilizer and 70 percent of surface soil. The liquid fertilizer containing not less than the effective nutrient components can be used. Water: the planting water or the curing water is free of oil, acid, salt or other substances harmful to plant growth, and meets the requirements of the water quality standard of field irrigation (GB 5084-1992).
construction requirements are as follows: the ground surface: and finishing and preparing the ground surface according to the construction requirements of surface soil laying. And (3) selecting and transporting grass seeds: all the grass seeds should meet the current regulations on plant diseases and insect infection, and relevant quarantine certificates are delivered to the proctories after the grass seeds are selected. Planting: marking the planting area, position and variety outline according to the requirement of water and soil conservation project layout, lofting, finishing and preparing the planting ground according to the requirement of near surface soil laying in planting and obtaining the approval of supervision personnel. Besides the flat laying, the turf grass can also be laid at the higher and steeper part of the side slope, namely, the turf grass is nailed and laid upwards at the slope toe, and the turf grass is nailed and fixed on the side slope by a small pointed wood pile or a bamboo stick, and the turf grass is irrigated after the turf grass is planted.
The method further comprises the step of determining the earthquake motion peak acceleration of the engineering area to judge whether to carry out earthquake-proof design.
Compared with the prior art, the ecological restoration method for the channel improvement project has the following beneficial effects:
1. In-situ solidification, namely adding a channel repairing agent into bottom mud which is excavated from a channel and polluted by heavy metal, piling the bottom mud in a bottom mud piling area, paving a covering layer after the channel is dredged, backfilling the bottom mud treated in the bottom mud piling area to the upper part of the covering layer to complete repair, and meanwhile, arranging an in-situ covering area in a water flow channel of the dredged channel, so that the construction difficulty is low, a three-dimensional riverbed bottom mud space is established, a large number of micropores are generated in the repairing layer, a filtering function is added on the basis of ventilation and water permeation, an attached base material is provided for future microbes, the self-purification of a channel water body is facilitated, and the water quality is kept stable;
2. The bottom mud layer is closed, the influence of endogenous main pollutants on the water body is prevented by ecologically repairing the sludge with the surface layer of 20-30cm and covering the ecological film covering layer, the pH value of the bottom mud is adjusted, the release capacity of harmful substances to the water body is changed, the activity of benthic microorganisms is improved, the improvement effect of indigenous microorganisms on the water quality of the channel is promoted, and the water body maintenance of the channel achieves the aims of low cost, long acting and sustainability;
3. By preparing the repair slurry on site, spraying and stirring the repair slurry in situ by using an aeration device, or directly spraying the repair slurry to cover the riverbed;
4. under the condition of fully understanding situations such as topography under water, revetment form, water source quality of water, native plant species, utilize current basement variety, the distribution of optimization functional area promotes channel quality of water purification efficiency to carry out the reconstruction of dyke solidification, bank protection and shore protection respectively, the rapid onset of action, short time recovery channel ability of watering reduces the engineering and to agricultural irrigation, flood discharge waterlogging influence.
Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing detailed description, or equivalent changes may be made in some of the features of the embodiments. All equivalents that can be substituted by the contents of the specification of the present invention and applied directly or indirectly to other related technical fields are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An ecological restoration method for a channel improvement project is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: arranging a bottom mud stacking area at the side of a river bank, cleaning sludge at the bottom of a channel and humus on a slope protection edge, adding a channel repairing agent into the sludge and stacking the sludge in the bottom mud stacking area, arranging an in-situ covering area in a channel water flow channel after dredging, paving a covering layer on the bottom mud of the in-situ covering area, wherein the filling material of the covering layer is a mixture of clay and the channel repairing agent, and then backfilling the bottom mud after the bottom mud stacking area is treated to the upper part of the covering layer to finish repairing;
Step 2: arranging a bank line, wherein the newly-built bank line is planned to be arranged at the outer side of the existing bank, partially adjusting to enable the bank line to be smooth, connecting two ends of the newly-built bank line with a natural high land to form a flood-control closed ring, and basically keeping the bank line of a reinforced bank section consistent with the original bank line;
And step 3: respectively determining a channel cross section and a corresponding channel longitudinal section according to the actual state of the channel;
And 4, step 4: calculating the bank protection scouring depth to determine the burying depth of the bank protection footing and calculating the elevation of the top of the bank to determine the safety superelevation of the top of the river section flood bank;
And 5: filling the dike body, removing the surface layer covering soil before filling the dike body, and returning the surface layer covering soil after filling the dike body;
Step 6: according to the hydrological characteristics, geology, topographic conditions, arrangement characteristics and construction progress of the engineering area, the engineering construction diversion mode adopts staged diversion;
And 7: slope protection solidification, including ecological solidification slope protection and turf bank protection.
2. The ecological restoration method of the channel renovation project according to the claim 1, characterized in that in the step 3, for the river reach with flood control capability meeting the requirement, along with the turning situation, protective measures are built along the river bank or the bank slope, the current flood section of the channel is basically maintained, and the bank slope ratio is not steeper than 1: 1.5; for river banks with flood control capability not meeting the flood control requirement or with great potential safety hazard in the current embankment quality, the river reach needs to meet the flood control requirement through dredging and obstacle clearing, and building or reinforcing embankment engineering.
3. The ecological restoration method for channel renovation project as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calculation of the smooth revetment scouring depth in step 4 comprises the scouring depth generated by water flow parallel to the bank slope and the scouring depth of water flow inclined to protect the bank slope.
4. The ecological restoration method of channel renovation project according to claim 3, characterized in that the depth of scouring generated by water flow parallel to the bank slope is passed throughCalculation, in the formula: h isBthe local scouring depth is calculated from the water surface; h ispThe depth of water at the scouring site; vcpIs the average flow rate; vAllow forAllowing the non-impact flow rate on the surface of the river bed; n is 1/4.
5. The ecological restoration method of a channel renovation project according to claim 4,The water flow obliquely rushes to protect the scouring depth of the bank slope to pass throughCalculation, in the formula: Δ hpThe local depth from the river bottom; alpha is the intersection angle of the water flow direction and the bank slope; m is the coefficient of the side slope on the upstream surface of the protective building; d is the calculated grain diameter of the soil at the toe of the slope, and 0.02m is taken; v isjIs the local scouring flow rate of the water flow.
6. The ecological restoration method of channel renovation project according to claim 4, characterized in that the partial scouring flow rate of the water flow passes throughCalculation, in the formula: b is1The distance from the edge of the river channel to the toe is the width of the river beach; q1Design flow through the beach section; h1The beach water depth; eta is the water flow velocity distribution uneven coefficient.
7. the ecological restoration method of channel renovation project according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 6, longitudinal cofferdams and upstream and downstream transverse cofferdams are built at the river section where the cofferdams need to be built for construction in the construction period, if both banks have the reinforcing and reconstruction project, the longitudinal cofferdams are adopted to firstly surround the upstream and downstream of one bank for construction, after the construction is finished, the upstream and downstream cofferdams are removed, the upstream and downstream cofferdams of the other bank are built, and the project construction of the other bank is carried out; during construction, the cofferdam of each construction section is built according to construction requirements, the cofferdam moves towards the downstream section by section, and accumulated water, rainwater and the like in a foundation pit are pumped and drained to a channel through a water pump after being converged into a centralized drainage ditch.
8. The ecological restoration method of channel renovation project according to claim 1, wherein the ecological cured slope protection further comprises the steps of:
a. carrying out sectional cofferdam or local cofferdam precipitation on the target channel;
b. Clearing up a channel side slope, clearing away rubbish and weeds, setting out the line and primarily shaping according to design requirements, and clearing the redundant floating soil into a riverbed;
c. adding water and a channel repairing agent according to a certain water-cement ratio, and stirring into slurry for later use;
d. Calculating the amount of the prescription according to the thickness of the bottom mud of the riverbed, the width of the riverbed and the working radius of the excavator, and adding the prepared slurry according to the amount of the prescription and the amount of the designed material;
e. fully stirring and mixing, standing for 3 hours, sticking the mixed bottom mud on a river slope after 3 hours, wherein the thickness of the single slope sticking is based on the standard that the mixed bottom mud does not slide and flow, and if the design standard thickness is larger than the thickness of the single slope sticking, constructing in two days;
f. Leveling the slope surface and maintaining, wherein the maintenance is mainly to keep the slope surface moist;
g. Covering vegetation, laying lawn or spraying grass seeds.
9. The ecological restoration method of a channel renovation project according to claim 1, characterized in that the method further comprises: and determining the earthquake motion peak acceleration of the engineering area to judge whether to carry out earthquake-proof design.
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| CN116542105A (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-08-04 | 广东省水利水电第三工程局有限公司 | Riverbed bottom paving operation method and system in ultra-deep dynamic water area |
| CN116542105B (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-10-27 | 广东省水利水电第三工程局有限公司 | Riverbed bottom paving operation method and system in ultra-deep dynamic water area |
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Application publication date: 20191213 |