CN114086507A - Ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention - Google Patents
Ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention Download PDFInfo
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- CN114086507A CN114086507A CN202111193130.8A CN202111193130A CN114086507A CN 114086507 A CN114086507 A CN 114086507A CN 202111193130 A CN202111193130 A CN 202111193130A CN 114086507 A CN114086507 A CN 114086507A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 215
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 177
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004642 transportation engineering Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0243—Protective shelters for young plants, e.g. tubular sleeves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and water transport engineering, and particularly relates to an ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention, which comprises a slope body, wherein a flat slope surface covers the surface of the slope body, a first water and soil protection blanket and a second water and soil protection blanket are sequentially paved on the slope surface from bottom to top, the first water and soil protection blanket and the second water and soil protection blanket are connected with the slope surface and the slope body through steel nails, and a stable gravel cushion layer is paved below one side of the first water and soil protection blanket, which is close to the bottom of the slope surface; according to the ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention, active plants are combined with engineering materials such as geosynthetic materials, a protection system with autonomous growth capacity is built on a slope, the slope is reinforced through the growth of the plants, the growth activity of the plants achieves the purposes of root system reinforcement and stem and leaf erosion prevention, dense vegetation coverage can be formed on the slope, root systems with staggered joints are formed on a surface soil layer, and erosion of storm runoff on the slope is effectively inhibited.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and water transport engineering, in particular to an ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention.
Background
Most of the existing revetment processes are that retaining wall type dams are constructed on two sides of a river bank, and the dams are covered for greening, so that functions of river regulation, bank slope protection and the like are achieved, but the artificial traces are obvious, an obvious boundary exists between a water body and the revetment, and the landscape effect is hard.
The existing artificially constructed ecological revetment has soft soil body, vegetation is difficult to stably survive and cover, and when a water body flows, the vegetation is easy to wash away from the root system of the vegetation, so that the soil body is washed and collapsed, the land and water ecology is unbalanced, and the self-cleaning capability of the water body is reduced; therefore, an ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention is proposed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention, which aims to make up the defects of the prior art and solve the problems that the soil body of the existing artificially constructed ecological revetment is soft, vegetation is difficult to stably survive and cover, and when a water body flows, the vegetation is directly flushed away from the root system of the vegetation, so that the soil body is easily flushed and collapsed, further, land and water ecology is unbalanced, the self-cleaning capacity of the water body is reduced, water flow cannot be effectively blocked, and water disasters are easily caused in a downstream area.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention comprises a slope body, wherein a flat slope surface covers the surface of the slope body, a first water and soil protection blanket and a second water and soil protection blanket are sequentially paved on the slope surface from bottom to top, the first water and soil protection blanket and the second water and soil protection blanket are connected with the slope surface and the slope body through steel nails, a stable gravel cushion layer is paved below one side, close to the bottom of the slope surface, of the first water and soil protection blanket, the first water and soil protection blanket is connected with the stable gravel cushion layer through the steel nails, a buried stone concrete toe guard is filled above one side, close to the bottom of the slope surface, of the first water and soil protection blanket, a gravel layer is filled on one side, away from the slope body, of the buried stone concrete toe guard, a soil layer is filled on one side, close to the slope body, and a plain concrete coping is filled above one side, close to the top of the second water and soil protection blanket.
Preferably, even rigid coupling has a plurality of edges on the outer wall of steel nail, the bottom of edge is the slope and upwards describes, a plurality of shoulder holes have been seted up on the nail cap of steel nail, it has supplementary nail to run through in the shoulder hole, even rigid coupling has a plurality of barbs on the outer wall of supplementary nail.
Preferably, the construction process of the water and soil protection blanket II comprises the following steps:
s1: removing stones, plant roots and other garbage with larger grain sizes on the slope surface, filling the low-lying part, backfilling 300mm of ploughing and planting soil according to the actual soil condition after slope cutting and tamping;
s2: a groove is respectively arranged at the shoulder and the foot of the embankment of the slope, and the depth and the width of the groove are not less than 300 mm; or can extend more than 1000mm at the top and the toe of the dike;
s3: after finishing the slope surface, firstly embedding vegetation roots and stems or sowing vegetation seeds suitable for local growth, wherein the seed density is not lower than 30g/m2, and then paving a water and soil protection blanket II;
s4: measuring the length of a slope surface and the depth of grooves at two ends, calculating and cutting a water and soil protection blanket II with corresponding length according to the slope surface of a river bank, moving a blanket body to a corresponding position, spreading along the slope surface of the soil slope and adjusting the position, putting the water and soil protection blanket into the grooves at the positions of the groove at the top of the bank and the feet of the bank and fixing the water and soil protection blanket by steel nails, and anchoring the rest slope surfaces by one steel nail per 2-3 square meters under the condition of normal slope;
s5: overlapping the soil and water protective blanket II along the water flow direction, and fixing the overlapping part by using a steel nail;
s6: anchoring the soil and water protection blanket II and the side slope soil layer by adopting steel nails with proper diameters and lengths according to the soil condition of the slope;
s7: and after the water and soil protection blanket II is laid, quickly anchoring and covering soil according to requirements, wherein the dike feet can be pressed by concrete or rock blocks, and during construction in summer, the weather temperature is high, and the soil is covered on the water and soil protection blanket by 30-50 mm.
Preferably, the construction process of the water and soil protection blanket II further comprises the steps of calculating according to the direction perpendicular to the shoreline of the river bank slope surface when the water and soil protection blanket II is cut, wherein the distance between the steel nails is 1000mm when the water and soil protection blanket I in the groove is fixed, and when the water and soil protection blanket I is lapped, the upstream side and the downstream side need to be pressed.
Preferably, the maintenance of the soil and water protection blanket II comprises the following steps:
s1: the plants need to be watered and maintained for one to four weeks after being sowed or planted, so as to ensure that the water needed by vegetation growth is sufficient;
s2: if the nursery stock is planted under the normal water level, the plant is reserved to grow into a life period, and the normal water level is gradually recovered after the planted plant survives.
Preferably, the construction process of the first water and soil protection blanket comprises the following steps:
s1: removing stones, plants and other garbage with larger grain sizes on the slope body and the slope surface, filling the low-lying part, backfilling about 300mm of ploughing and planting soil according to the actual soil quality condition after the slope surface is cut, and tamping;
s2: a groove is respectively arranged at the dike shoulder and the dike foot of the slope, and the depth and the width of the groove are not less than 300 mm;
s3: after the laying and anchoring are finished, local grass seeds or seed-sowed flowers with developed root systems are sown on one surface of the water and soil protection blanket, a layer of cultivation soil layer is covered, and then grass seeds are sown on the surface of the soil layer once again, wherein the seed density is not lower than 30 g/square meter
S4: measuring the length of a slope surface and the depth of grooves at two ends, calculating and cutting a water and soil protection blanket I with corresponding length according to the slope surface of a river bank, moving a blanket body to a corresponding position, spreading along the slope surface of the soil slope and adjusting the position, fixing the water and soil protection blanket at the position of a dike foot by using steel nails, and anchoring one steel nail per 2-3 square meters on the rest slope surfaces under the condition of normal gradient;
s5: overlapping the soil and water protection blanket I along the water flow direction, wherein the overlapping width is about 150mm, the overlapping part is also fixed by steel nails, and the distance between the steel nails is 1000 mm;
s6: selecting steel nails with proper length and diameter according to the soil condition of the slope surface to anchor the water and soil protection blanket I and the side slope soil layer, wherein the steel nails are required to be anchored into the soil layer for at least 400 mm;
s7: after the water and soil protection blanket is laid, the water and soil protection blanket is quickly anchored and covered with the ploughing and planting soil, the thickness of the covering soil is about 30-50mm, and the covering soil has the best effect of uniformly filling the blanket body after the ground is compacted and slightly overflowing.
Preferably, the construction process of the first water and soil protection blanket further comprises the steps of calculating according to the direction perpendicular to the shoreline of the river bank slope surface when the first water and soil protection blanket is cut, wherein the distance between the steel nails is 1000mm when the first water and soil protection blanket in the groove is fixed, the width of the first water and soil protection blanket is 3850mm when the first water and soil protection blanket is laid, the first water and soil protection blanket is longitudinally laid perpendicular to the shoreline, and when the first water and soil protection blanket is lapped, the upstream and the downstream are pressed.
Preferably, the protection and maintenance of the first water and soil protection blanket comprises the following steps:
s1: covering non-woven fabrics on the construction slope to protect vegetation in the germination stage;
s2: the seeds need to be watered and maintained for one to two weeks after seeding, the seeds are prevented from being damaged by overlarge water flow during watering, and different planting modes can be selected according to design requirements and specific situations of projects so as to achieve the three-dimensional landscape effect.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention provided by the invention utilizes active plants combined with engineering materials such as geosynthetic materials and the like to construct a protection system with autonomous growth capability on a slope surface, the slope is reinforced through the growth of the plants, the growth activity of the plants achieves the purposes of root system reinforcement and stem and leaf erosion prevention, dense vegetation coverage can be formed on the slope surface, root systems with staggered joints are formed on a surface soil layer, the erosion of storm runoff on the slope is effectively inhibited, the shear strength of a soil body is increased, and the pore water pressure and the soil body self-gravity are reduced, so that the stability and the erosion resistance of the slope are greatly improved;
2. according to the ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention, the spiral groove formed in the pointed conical end of the steel nail and the plurality of edges formed in the outer wall of the steel nail are used, so that the reinforcing effect of the steel nail is enhanced, the steel nail can be effectively prevented from being bent in the soil penetrating process, the structural strength of the steel nail is improved, the auxiliary nail arranged on the outer side of the steel nail and the barbs arranged on the auxiliary nail can further enhance the fixing effect of the steel nail, and the auxiliary nail can be prevented from loosening in a soil layer to influence the laying and fixing of the water and soil protective blanket I and the water and soil protective blanket II.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a slope body in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of the enlarged structure at B in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a steel nail according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a steel nail according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a first construction process of the soil and water conservation blanket according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flow chart of a construction process of the soil and water protective blanket two in the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1. a slope body; 2. a slope surface; 3. a water and soil protection blanket I; 4. a water and soil protection blanket II; 5. Steel nails; 501. an edge; 502. auxiliary nails; 6. embedding a stone concrete guard leg; 7. a layer of sand gravel; 8. An earthen layer; 9. stabilizing the gravel cushion; 10. and (5) pressing the plain concrete.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1-7, the ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention according to the present invention comprises a slope body 1, wherein the surface of the slope body 1 is covered with a flat slope surface 2, a first water and soil protection blanket 3 and a second water and soil protection blanket 4 are sequentially paved on the slope surface 2 from bottom to top, the first water and soil protection blanket 3 and the second water and soil protection blanket 4 are both connected with the slope surface 2 and the slope body 1 through steel nails 5, a stable gravel cushion layer 9 is paved below one side of the first water and soil protection blanket 3 close to the bottom of the slope surface 2, the first water and soil protection blanket 3 is connected with the stable gravel cushion layer 9 through the steel nails 5, a buried stone concrete toe 6 is filled above one side of the first water and soil protection blanket 3 close to the bottom of the slope surface 2, a gravel layer 7 is filled on one side of the buried stone concrete toe 6 away from the slope body 1, a soil square layer 8 is filled on one side of the buried stone concrete toe 6 close to the slope body 1, a plain concrete coping 10 is filled above one side of the water and soil protection blanket II 4 close to the top of the slope surface 2; during operation, active plants are combined with engineering materials such as geosynthetic materials, a protection system with self growth capacity is constructed on the slope surface 2, the side slope is reinforced through the growth of the plants, the growth activity of the plants achieves the purpose of root system reinforcement and erosion prevention of stem leaves, dense vegetation cover can be formed on the slope surface 2, root systems with root-coiling joints are formed on a surface soil layer, the erosion of storm runoff on the side slope is effectively inhibited, the shear strength of a soil body is increased, the pore water pressure and the soil body self-gravity are reduced, and therefore the stability and the erosion resistance of the side slope are greatly improved.
A plurality of edges 501 are uniformly and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the steel nail 5, the bottom of each edge 501 is inclined upwards, a plurality of stepped holes are formed in the nail cap of the steel nail 5, auxiliary nails 502 penetrate through the stepped holes, and a plurality of barbs are uniformly and fixedly connected to the outer wall of each auxiliary nail 502; the during operation, a plurality of edges 501 that helicla flute and the 5 outer walls of steel nail that are equipped with through 5 sharp awl ends of steel nail were equipped with have not only strengthened the reinforcement effect of steel nail 5, can effectively avoid steel nail 5 to produce the bending at the in-process that buries in addition, have improved the structural strength of steel nail 5, the barb that is equipped with on supplementary nail 502 and the supplementary nail 502 that is equipped with through the 5 outside of steel nail is equipped with, can enough further strengthen the fixed effect of steel nail 5, can prevent again that supplementary nail 502 is not hard up in the soil layer.
The construction process of the water and soil protection blanket II 4 comprises the following steps:
s1: removing stones, plant roots and other garbage with larger grain sizes on the slope surface, filling the low-lying part, backfilling 300mm of ploughing and planting soil according to the actual soil condition after slope cutting and tamping;
s2: a groove is respectively arranged at the shoulder and the foot of the embankment of the slope, and the depth and the width of the groove are not less than 300 mm; or can extend more than 1000mm at the top and the toe of the dike;
s3: after finishing the slope surface, firstly embedding vegetation roots and stems or sowing vegetation seeds suitable for local growth, wherein the seed density is not lower than 30g/m2, and then paving a water and soil protection blanket II;
s4: measuring the length of a slope surface and the depth of grooves at two ends, calculating and cutting a water and soil protection blanket II with corresponding length according to the slope surface of a river bank, moving a blanket body to a corresponding position, spreading along the slope surface of the soil slope and adjusting the position, putting the water and soil protection blanket into the grooves at the positions of the groove at the top of the bank and the feet of the bank and fixing the water and soil protection blanket by steel nails, and anchoring the rest slope surfaces by one steel nail per 2-3 square meters under the condition of normal slope;
s5: the water and soil protection blanket II is lapped along the water flow direction, and the lapping position is fixed by steel nails;
s6: anchoring the soil and water protection blanket II and the side slope soil layer by adopting steel nails with proper diameters and lengths according to the soil condition of the slope;
s7: and after the water and soil protection blanket II is laid, quickly anchoring and covering soil according to requirements, wherein the dike feet can be pressed by concrete or rock blocks, and during construction in summer, the weather temperature is high, and the soil is covered on the water and soil protection blanket by 30-50 mm.
The construction process of the water and soil protection blanket II 4 further comprises the steps of calculating according to the direction perpendicular to the shoreline of the river bank slope surface when the water and soil protection blanket II is cut, wherein the distance between the steel nails is 1000mm when the water and soil protection blanket I in the groove is fixed, and when the water and soil protection blanket I is lapped, the upstream side and the downstream side are required to be pressed.
The maintenance of the water and soil protection blanket II 4 comprises the following steps:
s1: the plants need to be watered and maintained for one to four weeks after being sowed or planted, so as to ensure that the water needed by vegetation growth is sufficient;
s2: if the nursery stock is planted under the normal water level, the plant is reserved to grow into a life period, and the normal water level is gradually recovered after the planted plant survives.
The construction process of the water and soil protection blanket I3 comprises the following steps:
s1: removing stones, plants and other garbage with larger grain sizes on the slope body and the slope surface, filling the low-lying part, backfilling about 300mm of ploughing and planting soil according to the actual soil quality condition after the slope surface is cut, and tamping;
s2: a groove is respectively arranged at the dike shoulder and the dike foot of the slope, and the depth and the width of the groove are not less than 300 mm;
s3: measuring the length of a slope surface and the depth of grooves at two ends, calculating and cutting a water and soil protection blanket I with corresponding length according to the slope surface of a river bank, moving a blanket body to a corresponding position, spreading along a soil slope and adjusting the position, putting the water and soil protection blanket I into the grooves at the positions of the groove at the top of the bank and the feet of the bank and fixing the water and soil protection blanket I by steel nails, and anchoring one steel nail per 2-3 square meters at the positions of the rest slope surfaces under the condition of normal slope;
s4: overlapping the soil and water protection blanket I along the water flow direction, wherein the overlapping width is about 150mm, the overlapping part is also fixed by steel nails, and the distance between the steel nails is 1000 mm;
s5: selecting steel nails with proper length and diameter according to the soil condition of the slope surface to anchor the water and soil protection blanket I and the side slope soil layer, wherein the steel nails are required to be anchored into the soil layer for at least 400 mm;
s6: after the laying and anchoring are finished, sowing local grass seeds or seed-sowing flowers with developed root systems on one surface of the water and soil protection blanket, covering a layer of cultivation soil layer, and then sowing vegetation grass seeds on the surface of the soil layer once again;
s7: after the water and soil protection blanket is laid, the water and soil protection blanket is quickly anchored and covered with the ploughing and planting soil, the thickness of the covering soil is about 30-50mm, and the covering soil has the best effect of uniformly filling the blanket body after the ground is compacted and slightly overflowing.
The construction process of the water and soil protection blanket I3 further comprises the steps of calculating according to the direction of the slope surface of the river bank perpendicular to the bank line when the water and soil protection blanket I is cut, wherein the distance between the steel nails is 1000mm when the water and soil protection blanket I in the groove is fixed, the width of the water and soil protection blanket I is 3850mm when the water and soil protection blanket I is laid, the water and soil protection blanket I is longitudinally laid perpendicular to the bank line, and when the water and soil protection blanket I is lapped, the upstream and the downstream are pressed.
The protection and maintenance of the water and soil protection blanket I3 comprises the following steps:
s1: covering non-woven fabrics on the construction slope to protect vegetation in the germination stage;
s2: the seeds need to be watered and maintained for one to two weeks after seeding, the seeds are prevented from being damaged by overlarge water flow during watering, and different planting modes can be selected according to design requirements and specific situations of projects so as to achieve the three-dimensional landscape effect.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (8)
1. An ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention capacity is characterized in that: the slope comprises a slope body (1), wherein a flat slope surface (2) covers the surface of the slope body (1), a water and soil protection blanket I (3) and a water and soil protection blanket II (4) are sequentially paved on the slope surface (2) from bottom to top, the water and soil protection blanket I (3) and the water and soil protection blanket II (4) are connected with the slope surface (2) and the slope body (1) through steel nails (5), a stable gravel cushion layer (9) is paved below one side, close to the bottom of the slope surface (2), of the water and soil protection blanket I (3), the water and soil protection blanket I (3) is connected with the stable gravel cushion layer (9) through the steel nails (5), a buried stone concrete protection foot (6) is filled above one side, close to the bottom of the slope surface (2), of the buried stone concrete protection foot (6), a sand gravel layer (7) is filled at one side, away from the slope body (1), of the buried stone concrete protection foot (6) is filled with a soil layer (8), and a plain concrete coping (10) is filled above one side of the water and soil protection blanket II (4) close to the top of the slope surface (2).
2. The ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention capacity according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: even rigid coupling has a plurality of edges (501) on the outer wall of steel nail (5), the bottom of edge (501) is the slope form that makes progress, a plurality of shoulder holes have been seted up on the nail cap of steel nail (5), it has supplementary nail (502) to run through in the shoulder hole, even rigid coupling has a plurality of barbs on the outer wall of supplementary nail (502).
3. The ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention capacity of claim 2, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the construction process of the water and soil protection blanket II (4) comprises the following steps:
s1: removing stones, plant roots and other garbage with larger grain sizes on the slope surface, filling the low-lying part, backfilling 300mm of ploughing and planting soil according to the actual soil condition after slope cutting and tamping;
s2: a groove is respectively arranged at the shoulder and the foot of the embankment of the slope, and the depth and the width of the groove are not less than 300 mm; or can extend more than 1000mm at the top and the toe of the dike;
s3: after finishing the slope surface, firstly embedding vegetation roots and stems or sowing vegetation seeds suitable for local growth, wherein the seed density is not lower than 30g/m2Then paving a water and soil protection blanket II;
s4: measuring the length of a slope surface and the depth of grooves at two ends, calculating and cutting a water and soil protection blanket II with corresponding length according to the slope surface of a river bank, moving a blanket body to a corresponding position, spreading along the slope surface of the soil slope and adjusting the position, putting the water and soil protection blanket into the grooves at the positions of the groove at the top of the bank and the feet of the bank and fixing the water and soil protection blanket by steel nails, and anchoring the rest slope surfaces by one steel nail per 2-3 square meters under the condition of normal slope;
s5: overlapping the soil and water protective blanket II along the water flow direction, and fixing the overlapping part by using a steel nail;
s6: anchoring the soil and water protection blanket II and the side slope soil layer by adopting steel nails with proper diameters and lengths according to the soil condition of the slope;
s7: and after the water and soil protection blanket II is laid, quickly anchoring and covering soil according to requirements, wherein the dike feet can be pressed by concrete or rock blocks, and during construction in summer, the weather temperature is high, and the soil is covered on the water and soil protection blanket by 30-50 mm.
4. The ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention capacity according to claim 3, wherein: the construction process of the water and soil protection blanket II (4) further comprises the steps of calculating according to the direction perpendicular to the shoreline of the river bank slope surface when the water and soil protection blanket II is cut, wherein the distance between the steel nails is 1000mm when the water and soil protection blanket I in the groove is fixed, and when the water and soil protection blanket I is lapped, the upstream and the downstream are pressed.
5. The ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention capacity of claim 4, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the maintenance of the water and soil protection blanket II (4) comprises the following steps:
s1: the plants need to be watered and maintained for one to four weeks after being sowed or planted, so as to ensure that the water needed by vegetation growth is sufficient;
s2: if the nursery stock is planted under the normal water level, the plant is reserved to grow into a life period, and the normal water level is gradually recovered after the planted plant survives.
6. The ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention capacity of claim 5, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the construction process of the water and soil protection blanket I (3) comprises the following steps:
s1: removing stones, plants and other garbage with larger grain sizes on the slope body and the slope surface, filling the low-lying part, backfilling about 300mm of ploughing and planting soil according to the actual soil quality condition after the slope surface is cut, and tamping;
s2: a groove is respectively arranged at the dike shoulder and the dike foot of the slope, and the depth and the width of the groove are not less than 300 mm;
s3: after the laying and anchoring are finished, local grass seeds or seed-sowed flowers with developed root systems are sown on one surface of the water and soil protection blanket, a layer of cultivation soil layer is covered, and then grass seeds are sown on the surface of the soil layer once again, wherein the seed density is not lower than 30 g/square meter
S4: measuring the length of a slope surface and the depth of grooves at two ends, calculating and cutting a water and soil protection blanket I with corresponding length according to the slope surface of a river bank, moving a blanket body to a corresponding position, spreading along the slope surface of the soil slope and adjusting the position, fixing the water and soil protection blanket at the position of a dike foot by using steel nails, and anchoring one steel nail per 2-3 square meters on the rest slope surfaces under the condition of normal gradient;
s5: overlapping the soil and water protection blanket I along the water flow direction, wherein the overlapping width is about 150mm, the overlapping part is also fixed by steel nails, and the distance between the steel nails is 1000 mm;
s6: selecting steel nails with proper length and diameter according to the soil condition of the slope surface to anchor the water and soil protection blanket I and the side slope soil layer, wherein the steel nails are required to be anchored into the soil layer for at least 400 mm;
s7: after the water and soil protection blanket is laid, the water and soil protection blanket is quickly anchored and covered with the ploughing and planting soil, the thickness of the covering soil is about 30-50mm, and the covering soil has the best effect of uniformly filling the blanket body after the ground is compacted and slightly overflowing.
7. The ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention capacity of claim 6, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the construction process of the water and soil protection blanket I (3) further comprises the steps of calculating according to the direction of the river bank slope surface perpendicular to the bank line when the water and soil protection blanket I is cut, wherein the distance between the steel nails is 1000mm when the water and soil protection blanket I in the groove is fixed, the width of the water and soil protection blanket I is 3850mm when the water and soil protection blanket I is laid, the water and soil protection blanket I is longitudinally laid perpendicular to the bank line, and when the water and soil protection blanket I is lapped, the upstream and the downstream are pressed.
8. The ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention capacity of claim 7, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the protection and maintenance of the water and soil protection blanket I (3) comprises the following steps:
s1: covering non-woven fabrics on the construction slope to protect vegetation in the germination stage;
s2: the seeds need to be watered and maintained for one to two weeks after seeding, the seeds are prevented from being damaged by overlarge water flow during watering, and different planting modes can be selected according to design requirements and specific situations of projects so as to achieve the three-dimensional landscape effect.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115059020A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-09-16 | 浙江省围海建设集团股份有限公司 | Sea wall curing method and sea wall |
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