CN102498923A - Sowing and transplanting method for planting ginseng in nonforest land - Google Patents
Sowing and transplanting method for planting ginseng in nonforest land Download PDFInfo
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- CN102498923A CN102498923A CN2011104299926A CN201110429992A CN102498923A CN 102498923 A CN102498923 A CN 102498923A CN 2011104299926 A CN2011104299926 A CN 2011104299926A CN 201110429992 A CN201110429992 A CN 201110429992A CN 102498923 A CN102498923 A CN 102498923A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
Abstract
The invention relates to the ginseng planting technology, and particularly relates to a sowing and transplanting method for planting ginseng in a nonforest land. The method comprises the following steps of: sowing and transplanting, wherein the sowing process comprises the steps of: covering with soil, covering a ginseng bed, covering a mulching film and determining sowing time; and the transplanting process comprises the steps of: determining the transplanting ditching angle and transplanting density, covering with soil, disinfecting the ginseng bed, covering the ginseng bed, covering the mulching film and determining the transplanting time. As compared with the traditional ginseng planting method, the method has the advantages that: in the planting aspect, the cost is saved, the labor is saved, the sowing working efficiency is improved, the emergence rate of the seeds is high, the seedlings are uniform and strong; and in the cultivating aspect, the ill plants of the ginseng seedlings produced by 1-5 manner are few, the ginseng shape is good, the Rhizoma bistortae ratio is low, the utilization rate of the seeds is improved, the utilization area and utilization rate of the land are improved, the cost is saved, the roots are not easily damaged, and the young roots have strong regeneration capacity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ginseng planting's technology, i.e. non-forestry land ginseng planting's sowing and transplanting method.
Background technology
In the prior art, genseng is Araliaceae, Panax, a kind of cloudy for many years herbaceous plant that gives birth to, its have growth time long, to soil characteristics such as have relatively high expectations.Non-forestry land is for the forest land that the conventional ginseng plantation is adopted, and the gradient is lower than 45 ° soil, like ground, farmland, abandoned land etc., is called non-forestry land.The ginseng planting of conventional method has a cover seeding technique to be:
1, the sowing time: sowing divides sows in spring and autumn sowing.Because autumn sowing is emerged early, seedling is strong, root growth is fast, so adopt autumn sowing.But do not reach factors such as requirement also can sow in spring because of the seed breach.
2, seed disinfection: will use the doubly green prosperous No. two immersion 15min of 500 times of zineb or 500 times of carbendazim or 600-800 before the sowing.
3, thickness of sowing: raising ginseng seedlings adopts the program request of 4 * 5cm seeding row spacing, and every curtain is with kind of a 0.25-0.3kg.
4, seeding method: program request, broadcast sowing drilling.
5, earth backing and covering: 5-8cm such as mulching straw again behind the autumn sowing earth backing 4-5cm, mulching straw 2-3cm again behind the spring sowing earth backing 3-4cm.
The ginseng planting of conventional method has a cover transplantation technique to be:
1, standard: 2-2-2 system, 2-4 system.The 2-2-2 system is meant kind transplantation of seedlings in 2 years, transplants for the first time and carries out the transplanting second time after 2 years, transplants for the second time and can gather in the crops in back 2 years.The 2-4 system is meant and refers to kind transplantation of seedlings in 2 years, no longer carries out the second time after the transplanting and transplants, and transplants and can gather in the crops in back 4 years.
2, gradient: plant along mountain shape.
Its shortcoming is the sowing inefficiency, and seeding ratio is not high, and the seedling diseased plant is many, and the seed availability is low, and the soil utilizes area and availability low, a little less than the regeneration capacity of young root.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of non-forestry land ginseng planting's of ginseng planting's better effects if sowing and transplanting method to above-mentioned deficiency.
Technical solution of the present invention is: non-forestry land ginseng planting's sowing and transplanting method, and its step is following:
(1) sowing:
A, seeding method: adopt lively, press and to broadcast or program request;
Live: thickness of sowing is a 12-14 grain/OK, line space 10-13cm, and each plants cave, and to advance kind of amount be the 1-5 grain, the kind acupoint depth is 0.5-5cm; Lively be meant ginseng seeds after planting, no longer through transplanting, up to a kind of seeding method of gathering.
Pressure is broadcast or program request: thickness of sowing is a 25-28 grain/OK, line space 2-6cm, and each plants cave seed inlet is the 1-5 grain, pressing the degree of depth of broadcasting is 0.5-5cm; Pressure is broadcast and is used the seeding method that sower is accomplished entire job processes such as trench digging, seeding, earthing, suppression when being meant sowing.Manual work was opened the cave by certain distance when program request was meant sowing, and several seeds are gone in every bunch planting, carry out earthing or covering immediately.
B, earthing: the screening fine earth is overlying on the bed surface thickness of earth covering 0.5-1.5cm;
C, the sterilization of ginseng bed: pond bed behind the earth backing and packway are carried out the soil disinfection processing; Disinfectant adopts dislikes mould spirit, the 5g/ bag, and manufacturer prolongs oasis, limit chemical industry Co., Ltd, and average every bag is dissolved in the 15Kg water, can accomplish the soil disinfection of 15-20 linear meter ginseng bed and packway.
D, ginseng bed cover: after the sterilization of ginseng bed, utilize leaf, stalk, straw covering to cover, cladding thickness is 1-5cm;
E, covering film: lid layer plastic film again on ginseng bed covering, the corner of compacting mulch film;
F, sowing time: autumn sowing or spring sowing;
(2) transplant: employing be the 1-5 system.The 1-5 system is meant the transplantation of seedlings of annual genseng kind, the standard of no longer transplanting up to gathering then;
A, pressure is broadcast or program request, the transplantation of seedlings of annual genseng kind, the standard of no longer transplanting up to gathering then;
B, the angle of ditching when transplanting: the trench digging angle during transplanting is controlled to be 15-70 °; Optimized angle 40-50 °
C, transplant density: transplant density and be 6-10 strain/OK, line space 18-24cm;
D, earthing: the screening fine earth is overlying on the bed surface thickness of earth covering 0.5-1.5cm;
E, the sterilization of ginseng bed:, carry out soil disinfection and handle to pond bed and the packway behind the earth backing;
F, ginseng bed cover: ginseng bed sterilization back utilizes tree page or leaf, stalk, straw covering to cover, and cladding thickness is 1-5cm;
G, covering film: lid layer plastic film again on ginseng bed covering, the corner of compacting mulch film;
H, transplanting time: autumn.
Preferred non-forestry land ginseng planting's sowing and transplanting method, its step is following:
(1) sowing:
A, seeding method: adopt lively, press and to broadcast or program request;
Live: thickness of sowing is a 12-13 grain/OK, line space 12-13cm, and each plants cave, and to advance kind of amount be the 1-3 grain, and sowing quantity is 95-325 grain/linear meter, and the kind acupoint depth is 0.5-3cm;
Pressure is broadcast or program request: thickness of sowing is a 26-27 grain/OK, line space 3-5cm, and each plants cave seed inlet is the 1-3 grain, and seeding quantity is 520-2700 grain/linear meter, and pressing the degree of depth of broadcasting is 0.5-3cm;
B, earthing: the screening fine earth is overlying on the bed surface thickness of earth covering 0.5-1.5cm;
C, the sterilization of ginseng bed: pond bed behind the earth backing and packway are carried out the soil disinfection processing;
D, ginseng bed cover: after the sterilization of ginseng bed, utilize leaf, stalk, straw covering to cover, cladding thickness is 1-5cm;
E, covering film: lid layer plastic film again on ginseng bed covering, the corner of compacting mulch film;
F, sowing time: autumn sowing or spring sowing;
(2) transplant: the ginseng machine is planted in the employing semi-automation or artificial trench digging is transplanted;
A, pressure is broadcast or program request, the transplantation of seedlings of annual genseng kind, the standard of no longer transplanting up to gathering then;
B, the angle of ditching when transplanting: the trench digging angle during transplanting is controlled to be 40-50 °;
C, transplant density: transplant density and be 7-8 strain/OK, line space 19-22cm;
D, earthing: the screening fine earth is overlying on the bed surface thickness of earth covering 0.5-1.5cm;
E, the sterilization of ginseng bed:, carry out soil disinfection and handle to pond bed and the packway behind the earth backing;
F, ginseng bed cover: ginseng bed sterilization back utilizes tree page or leaf, stalk, straw covering to cover, and cladding thickness is 1-5cm;
G, covering film: lid layer plastic film again on ginseng bed covering, the corner of compacting mulch film;
H, transplanting time: autumn.
Advantage of the present invention is: 1, with respect to the ginseng planting of conventional method, in plantation, save cost, save the labour, improved the sowing operating efficiency, seeding ratio is high, and seedling is neat, and seedling is strong.2, in the transplanting, the seedling diseased plant of adopting " 1-5 system " to produce is few, and ginseng shape is good, and the pimple reference example is little." 1-5 system " and lively can improve the seed availability improves the soil and utilizes area and availability, practices thrift cost.The annual seedling of " 1-5 system " is transplanted, and ginseng is less age, is difficult for hindering root, and the regeneration capacity of young root is strong simultaneously.
To combine embodiment that embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below.
Embodiment
Non-forestry land ginseng planting's sowing and transplanting method, step is following:
1, sowing
1.1 seeding method: what the present invention adopted is live, presses and broadcasts or the seeding method of program request.
1.1.1 it is live: as lively to be meant ginseng seeds after planting, no longer through transplanting, up to a kind of seeding method of gathering.Method is: adopt seed-sowing machine sowing or by artificial seeding, thickness of sowing is a 12-13 grain/OK, line space 12-13cm, and each plants cave, and to advance kind of amount be the 1-3 grain, and sowing quantity is 95-325 grain/linear meter, and the kind acupoint depth is 0.5-3cm.
Broadcast or program request 1.1.2 press: pressure broadcasts or program request is the seeding and seedling raising mode that the 1-5 system is adopted.Method is: adopt sower to press and broadcast or artificial program request (bunch planting), thickness of sowing is a 26-27 grain/OK, line space 3-5cm, and each plants cave seed inlet is the 1-3 grain, and seeding quantity is 520-2700 grain/linear meter, and the degree of depth that pressure is broadcast is 0.5-3cm.
1.1.3 earthing: after sower finishes seed, screen fine earth, be overlying on the bed surface, about thickness of earth covering 0.5-1.5cm with sieve.
1.2 sterilization and covering
1.2.1 ginseng bed sterilization: to pond bed and the packway behind the earth backing, select for use prevention soil to pass and seed-borne disease obvious results environment friendly agricultural, carry out soil disinfection and handle.
1.2.2 cover: utilize needle (pine needle), broad-leaved (Walnut Leaves, mongolian oak leaf) after the sterilization of ginseng bed, dried maize straw, straw etc. cover, and cladding thickness is 1-5cm.
1.2.3 covering film: lid layer plastic film (dark for well) again on ginseng bed covering, from packway, to fetch earth, the corner of compacting mulch film prevents that mulch film from raising because of external conditions such as strong wind.Covering film can be protected soil moisture content, and can improve the temperature of mulch film confidential reference items bed, and growing of seed played good facilitation.
1.3 the sowing time: autumn sowing or spring sowing
2, transplant
2.1 standard: what the present invention adopted is 1-5 system (the 1-5 system is meant the transplantation of seedlings of annual genseng kind, the standard of no longer transplanting up to gathering then).
2.1.1 transplanting method: the ginseng machine is planted in the employing semi-automation or artificial trench digging is transplanted.
2.1.2 trench digging angle when transplanting: the trench digging angle during transplanting is controlled to be 40-50 °.The angle genseng growing way of tiltedly planting, gradient is big, is unfavorable for the growth of genseng fibrous root; Gradient is little, is unfavorable for the growth of genseng main root.So it is necessary selecting suitable gradient.Of the present invention planting joined main root and the fibrous root growth requirement that gradient can guarantee genseng.
2.1.3 transplanting density: transplant density and be 7-8 strain/OK, line space 19-22cm.
2.1.3 earth backing: after transplanter has been transplanted seedling, screen fine earth, be overlying on the bed surface, about earth backing thickness 0.5-1.5cm with sieve.
2.2 sterilization and covering
2.2.1 ginseng bed sterilization: to pond bed and the packway behind the earth backing, select for use prevention soil to pass and seed-borne disease obvious results environment friendly agricultural, carry out soil disinfection and handle.
1.2.2 cover: utilize needle (pine needle), broad-leaved (Walnut Leaves, mongolian oak leaf) after the sterilization of ginseng bed, dried maize straw, straw etc. cover, and cladding thickness is 1-5cm.
1.2.3 covering film: lid layer plastic film (dark for well) again on ginseng bed covering, from packway, to fetch earth, the corner of compacting mulch film prevents that mulch film from raising because of external conditions such as strong wind.Covering film can be protected soil moisture content, and can improve the temperature of mulch film confidential reference items bed, and growing of seedling played good facilitation.
2.3 transplanting time: autumn.
Claims (5)
1. a non-forestry land ginseng planting sowing and transplanting method, its step is following:
(1) sowing:
A, seeding method: adopt lively, press and to broadcast or program request;
Live: thickness of sowing is a 12-14 grain/OK, line space 10-13cm, and each plants cave, and to advance kind of amount be the 1-5 grain, the kind acupoint depth is 0.5-5cm;
Pressure is broadcast or program request: thickness of sowing is a 25-28 grain/OK, line space 2-6cm, and each plants cave seed inlet is the 1-5 grain, pressing the degree of depth of broadcasting is 0.5-5cm;
B, earthing: the screening fine earth is overlying on the bed surface thickness of earth covering 0.5-1.5cm;
C, the sterilization of ginseng bed: pond bed behind the earth backing and packway are carried out the soil disinfection processing;
D, ginseng bed cover: after the sterilization of ginseng bed, utilize leaf, stalk, straw covering to cover, cladding thickness is 1-5cm;
E, covering film: lid layer plastic film again on ginseng bed covering, the corner of compacting mulch film;
F, sowing time: autumn sowing or spring sowing;
(2) transplant:
A, pressure is broadcast or program request, the transplantation of seedlings of annual genseng kind, the standard of no longer transplanting up to gathering then;
B, the angle of ditching when transplanting: the trench digging angle during transplanting is controlled to be 15-70 °;
C, transplant density: transplant density and be 6-10 strain/OK, line space 18-24cm;
D, earthing: the screening fine earth is overlying on the bed surface thickness of earth covering 0.5-1.5cm;
E, the sterilization of ginseng bed:, carry out soil disinfection and handle to pond bed and the packway behind the earth backing;
F, ginseng bed cover: ginseng bed sterilization back utilizes tree page or leaf, stalk, straw covering to cover, and cladding thickness is 1-5cm;
G, covering film: lid layer plastic film again on ginseng bed covering, the corner of compacting mulch film;
H, transplanting time: autumn.
2. according to the described non-forestry land ginseng planting's of claim 1 sowing and transplanting method, it is characterized in that live sowing quantity is 95-325 grain/linear meter.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described non-forestry land ginseng plantings' sowing and transplanting method, it is characterized in that pressing broadcast or program request in, seeding quantity is 520-2700 grain/linear meter.
4. according to the described non-forestry land ginseng planting's of claim 3 sowing and transplanting method, it is characterized in that type of seeding adopts semi-automatic sower to press and broadcast or artificial program request, transplanting method adopts semi-automation to plant the ginseng machine or artificial trench digging is transplanted.
5. according to the described non-forestry land ginseng planting's of claim 4 sowing and transplanting method, it is characterized in that step is following:
(1) sowing:
A, seeding method: adopt lively, press and to broadcast or program request;
Live: thickness of sowing is a 12-13 grain/OK, line space 12-13cm, and each plants cave, and to advance kind of amount be the 1-3 grain, and sowing quantity is 95-325 grain/linear meter, and the kind acupoint depth is 0.5-3cm;
Pressure is broadcast or program request: thickness of sowing is a 26-27 grain/OK, line space 3-5cm, and each plants cave seed inlet is the 1-3 grain, and seeding quantity is 520-2700 grain/linear meter, and pressing the degree of depth of broadcasting is 0.5-3cm;
B, earthing: the screening fine earth is overlying on the bed surface thickness of earth covering 0.5-1.5cm;
C, the sterilization of ginseng bed: pond bed behind the earth backing and packway are carried out the soil disinfection processing;
D, ginseng bed cover: after the sterilization of ginseng bed, utilize leaf, stalk, straw covering to cover, cladding thickness is 1-5cm;
E, covering film: lid layer plastic film again on ginseng bed covering, the corner of compacting mulch film;
F, sowing time: autumn sowing or spring sowing;
(2) transplant: the ginseng machine is planted in the employing semi-automation or artificial trench digging is transplanted;
A, pressure is broadcast or program request, the transplantation of seedlings of annual genseng kind, the standard of no longer transplanting up to gathering then;
B, the angle of ditching when transplanting: the trench digging angle during transplanting is controlled to be 40-50 °;
C, transplant density: transplant density and be 7-8 strain/OK, line space 19-22cm;
D, earthing: the screening fine earth is overlying on the bed surface thickness of earth covering 0.5-1.5cm;
E, the sterilization of ginseng bed:, carry out soil disinfection and handle to pond bed and the packway behind the earth backing;
F, ginseng bed cover: ginseng bed sterilization back utilizes tree page or leaf, stalk, straw covering to cover, and cladding thickness is 1-5cm;
G, covering film: lid layer plastic film again on ginseng bed covering, the corner of compacting mulch film;
H, transplanting time: autumn.
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Cited By (4)
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CN103430743A (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2013-12-11 | 苏州仁成生物科技有限公司 | Soil optimizing cultivation method for ginseng |
CN105123217A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-09 | 莫玲 | Non-forestry land ginseng planting method |
CN106258461A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-01-04 | 李雄 | A kind of booth Nutrition Soil culture of ginseng method |
CN108142055A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-06-12 | 张增林 | To plant the transplanter of seedling |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103430743A (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2013-12-11 | 苏州仁成生物科技有限公司 | Soil optimizing cultivation method for ginseng |
CN103430743B (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2016-03-30 | 苏州仁成生物科技有限公司 | A soil Optimum Cultivation method of planting ginseng |
CN105123217A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-09 | 莫玲 | Non-forestry land ginseng planting method |
CN106258461A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-01-04 | 李雄 | A kind of booth Nutrition Soil culture of ginseng method |
CN108142055A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-06-12 | 张增林 | To plant the transplanter of seedling |
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Application publication date: 20120620 |