CN102458814A - 轮胎制造装置及轮胎制造方法 - Google Patents
轮胎制造装置及轮胎制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29D30/20—Building tyres by the flat-tyre method, i.e. building on cylindrical drums
- B29D30/30—Applying the layers; Guiding or stretching the layers during application
- B29D30/3007—Applying the layers; Guiding or stretching the layers during application by feeding a sheet perpendicular to the drum axis and joining the ends to form an annular element
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
- B29C65/7841—Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
- B29C65/7847—Holding or clamping means for handling purposes using vacuum to hold at least one of the parts to be joined
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- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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- B29C66/4322—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
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Abstract
本发明提供一种轮胎制造装置及轮胎制造方法。在成形未硫化轮胎时,以防止3层重叠的方式且以较高的精度将具有接合部的轮胎构成构件卷绕于被成形体。当检测部件(60)在轮胎构成构件(G)的切断位置附近检测出接合部时,避开接合部将轮胎构成构件(G)切断成比预定长度短的长度。利用顶端保持粘贴部件(40)和后端保持粘贴部件(50)保持轮胎构成构件(G)的卷绕顶端部和后端部,使两保持粘贴部件(40、50)分开而使轮胎构成构件(G)伸长成预定长度,使两保持粘贴部件(40、50)向被成形体(H)侧移动。将轮胎构成构件(G)的顶端部粘贴于被成形体(H),使支承体(2)旋转而将轮胎构成构件(G)卷绕于被成形体(H),配合卷绕而使后端保持粘贴部件(50)向被成形体(H)侧移动,将轮胎构成构件(G)的后端部接合于顶端部。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及将轮胎构成构件卷绕于被成形体而成形未硫化轮胎的轮胎制造装置及轮胎制造方法。
背景技术
通常,充气轮胎等各种轮胎是在将由未硫化橡胶等构成的各轮胎构成构件依次配置于被成形体而成形未硫化轮胎之后,进行硫化成型来制造。另外,作为该轮胎制造装置,以往公知有如下装置:将轮胎构成构件的顶端部粘贴于成形鼓的外周,使成形鼓旋转而卷绕1周轮胎构成构件,并接合其顶端部和后端部而形成预定形状(参照专利文献1)。
但是,从轮胎的均匀性等观点考虑,轮胎构成构件需要高精度地卷绕于被成形体,将相对于被成形体的配置位置、端部彼此的重叠方式在每个轮胎成形中维持稳定而使变化较小。特别是,轮胎构成构件的卷绕开始、卷绕结束很可能会出现向被成形体的配置位置偏离目标位置的现象,要求分别正确地粘贴配置其顶端部和后端部。因此,在轮胎成形工序中,例如分别设定配置位置距目标位置的位移量、端部彼此的宽度方向偏移量、端部彼此的重叠量(接合量)等在容许范围内的标准,根据该标准判断好坏,从而确保在轮胎性能上要求的轮胎构成构件的卷绕精度。
对此,以往,在供给轮胎构成构件而卷绕于被成形体之后,手动切断其后端部,利用人工使其与顶端部对齐后粘贴于被成形体。在这种情况下,能够利用人工抓住轮胎构成构件而容易地将其引导到正确的配置位置,并且,能够一边对后端部的位置进行微调整一边使其与顶端部的位置一致而进行粘贴,因此,能够高精度地进行轮胎构成构件的配置、端部彼此的接合,从而能够相对稳定地满足卷绕的各标准、精度。
但是,当像这样在卷绕中需要人工时,无法谋求轮胎成形工序的自动化、由此带来的生产率上升,并且,也会妨碍近年来的轮胎制造的全自动化。因此,要求轮胎构成构件在确保对应于种类等的充分精度的同时、不借助人工就能够向被成形体进行卷绕。此时,需要自动地调整轮胎构成构件的顶端部和后端部的配置位置来正确地粘贴于被成形体,并在整体上实现高精度的卷绕。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开平7-40460号公报
另外,在未硫化轮胎的成形中,作为轮胎构成构件,在轮胎成形工序的前工序中,使用以预定宽度重合而接合被切断为预定形状的多个片构件、并沿长度方向依次连结它们从而制造而成的构件。这种轮胎构成构件随着前工序中的接合,沿长度方向以预定间隔具有多个接合部,例如在制造之后将其卷取成卷体,自其拉出需要长度而切断,并自顶端部依次卷绕于被成形体。此时,在该轮胎构成构件中,在向被成形体卷绕而接合两端部时,有时会由前工序中的接合部引起构件彼此重合成3层。
图6是用于说明该轮胎构成构件的重叠的侧视图,图6A示意性地表示向被成形体卷绕之前的轮胎构成构件,图6B示意性地表示向被成形体卷绕之后的轮胎构成构件。
如图6A所示,轮胎构成构件G若在向被成形体卷绕之前的切断时在前工序中的接合部J处被切断,则在切断端部产生构件成为2层的部分。在将该轮胎构成构件G卷绕于被成形体时,如图6B所示,在重叠而接合两端部的部分,一端部的1个构件和另一端部的2个构件重合,产生3层重叠(图中的Z范围)而局部变厚。
对于该重叠,以往,为了防止轮胎的均匀性降低,在卷绕轮胎构成构件G之后,利用人工切割而去除该接合部J,并对轮胎构成构件的两端部的接合进行修改。但是,在这种情况下,与上述同样无法谋求轮胎成形工序的自动化、生产率的上升,并且,随着卷绕工序的中断,循环时间也变长,因此,从进一步提高生产率的观点考虑,要求进一步的改善。
发明内容
本发明即是鉴于这种以往的问题而做成的,其目的在于,在成形未硫化轮胎时,不借助人工就能够以较高的精度、并且以防止3层重叠等的方式将具有接合部的轮胎构成构件卷绕于被成形体,从而能够在抑制均匀性降低的同时、提高轮胎制造的生产率。
本发明是一种轮胎制造装置,其特征在于,包括供给部件及被成形体的旋转部件,该供给部件用于供给沿长度方向具有1个以上接合部的轮胎构成构件,上述轮胎制造装置用于将轮胎构成构件卷绕于旋转的被成形体来成形未硫化轮胎,上述轮胎制造装置包括:检测部件,其用于检测轮胎构成构件的接合部;切断部件,其用于将轮胎构成构件切断成向被成形体卷绕的卷绕长度,并且,当在切断位置附近检测出接合部时,避开接合部将轮胎构成构件切断为比卷绕长度短的长度;伸长部件,其用于使被切断成短的长度的轮胎构成构件伸长成卷绕长度;顶端保持粘贴部件及后端保持粘贴部件,其分别用于保持轮胎构成构件的卷绕顶端部和后端部而粘贴于被成形体;以及移动部件,其用于配合顶端部粘贴于被成形体的轮胎构成构件向被成形体的卷绕,使保持轮胎构成构件的后端部的后端保持粘贴部件朝向被成形体移动至后端部的粘贴位置。
另外,本发明是一种轮胎制造方法,其特征在于,包括将沿长度方向具有1个以上接合部的轮胎构成构件切断成向被成形体卷绕的卷绕长度的工序,并将切断的轮胎构成构件卷绕于旋转的被成形体来成形未硫化轮胎,上述轮胎制造方法包括以下工序:检测轮胎构成构件的接合部;当在轮胎构成构件的切断位置附近检测出接合部时,避开接合部将轮胎构成构件切断成比卷绕长度短的长度;使被切断成短的长度的轮胎构成构件伸长成卷绕长度;保持轮胎构成构件的卷绕顶端部而粘贴于被成形体;使粘贴有轮胎构成构件的顶端部的被成形体旋转,将轮胎构成构件卷绕于被成形体;保持轮胎构成构件的卷绕后端部,配合轮胎构成构件向被成形体的卷绕而使轮胎构成构件朝向被成形体移动;以及将移动至被成形体的轮胎构成构件的后端部粘贴于被成形体。
采用本发明,在成形未硫化轮胎时,不借助人工就能够以较高的精度、并且以防止3层重叠等的方式将具有接合部的轮胎构成构件卷绕于被成形体,从而能够在抑制均匀性降低的同时、提高轮胎制造的生产率。
附图说明
图1是用于说明本实施方式的轮胎成形过程的剖视图。
图2是示意性地表示本实施方式的轮胎制造装置的概略结构的主要部分侧视图。
图3是示意性地表示轮胎构成构件的卷绕过程的、轮胎制造装置的主要部分侧视图。
图4是用于对轮胎构成构件的切断进行说明的示意图。
图5是示意性地表示轮胎构成构件的卷绕过程的、轮胎制造装置的主要部分侧视图。
图6是用于说明以往的轮胎构成构件的重叠的侧视图。
具体实施方式
下面,参照附图说明本发明的轮胎制造装置及轮胎制造方法的一实施方式。
本实施方式的轮胎制造装置是向旋转的被成形体供给而卷绕轮胎构成构件从而成形(制造)预定形状及构造的未硫化轮胎的成形装置。此时,在本实施方式中,向被成形体供给沿长度方向具有1个以上(在此是多个)接合部的轮胎构成构件,并自动地将轮胎构成构件卷绕于被成形体,从而成形各种未硫化轮胎。
另外,轮胎构成构件例如与上述同样(参照图6)地通过预先接合多个构件并依次沿长度方向连结它们而形成较长体,并在轮胎成形工序中进行切断来使用。另外,在此,轮胎构成构件G的接合部J以预定宽度重叠相邻的各构件的端部彼此而形成,并且,相对于轮胎构成构件G的宽度方向(以下,简称作宽度方向)平行或者倾斜、并且沿其长度方向以预定间隔形成。以下,作为轮胎构成构件G,以如下片状构件(有机衬垫)为例进行说明:该片状构件是将使多个有机纤维帘线并列并用未硫化橡胶包覆而成的橡胶包覆帘线以各有机纤维帘线相对于长度方向以预定角度(在此是45°)倾斜的方式倾斜切断而接合、并接合它们从而制造而成。因而,该轮胎构成构件G具有相对于宽度方向倾斜而延伸的、预定宽度的接合部J,内部的有机纤维帘线配置为与接合部J平行,并且以与接合部J平行的方式被切断。
图1是用于说明本实施方式的轮胎成形过程的剖视图,并示意性地表示从与轮胎半径方向相对应的方向看到的各截面。
如图所示,在轮胎成形时,首先,在支承体2的外周依次卷绕内衬层90、配置在其两缘部的一对帆布胎圈包布91、帘布层92。接着,在帘布层92的两缘部侧的预定位置卷绕由有机衬垫构成的一对加强构件93,在其两侧压接一对胎圈94而成形圆筒状的帘布带。之后,利用另一个成形鼓修整自支承体2卸下的帘布带,在其外表面层叠带束层、螺旋带层、基部胎面、胎冠顶部、侧部橡胶、橡胶胎圈包布等轮胎构成构件等来成形未硫化轮胎。在进行该成形时,在本实施方式中,利用以下说明的轮胎制造装置将预定的轮胎构成构件G(在这里是加强构件93)卷绕于被成形体。
图2是示意性地表示本实施方式的轮胎制造装置的概略结构的主要部分侧视图。
如图所示,轮胎制造装置1包括支承体2、用于向支承体2供给轮胎构成构件G的供给部件10、用于切断轮胎构成构件G的切断部件20、以及配置在它们上方的、轮胎构成构件G的卷绕装置30。
支承体2是在成形未硫化轮胎时支承被成形体H为能够绕轴线旋转的支承部件,由例如圆筒状、截面环形状的成形鼓、具有与成形的未硫化轮胎的内表面形状对应的外表面形状的刚体芯等构成。在此,支承体2由能够绕轴线旋转的圆筒状的成形鼓构成,在其外周侧对轮胎构成构件G依次进行卷绕、配置等而形成被成形体H,使被成形体H保持成同芯状。另外,支承体2利用由电动机等驱动源、其旋转动力的传递机构等构成的旋转部件(未图示)进行旋转驱动,使被成形体H以预定速度绕轴线旋转后以任意的旋转角度停止。
在此,被成形体H是由支承体2和配置在其周围的至少1个轮胎构成构件构成的成形中间阶段的未硫化轮胎、轮胎半成品,在未硫化轮胎成形的预定阶段卷绕轮胎构成构件G。但是,被成形体H可以仅由上述刚体芯、圆筒状或者鼓出变形后的截面环形状的成形鼓单体构成,或者也可以是自硫化轮胎去除胎面而成的基胎,其结构并没有特别的限制,只要是具有作为用于供给而卷绕轮胎构成构件G的支承体的功能即可。
供给部件10包括卷取成卷体的、较长体的轮胎构成构件G(小卷构件)的座部11,自其拉出轮胎构成构件G,与向被成形体H的卷绕动作对应地向被成形体H进行供给(箭头K)。另外,供给部件10包括使自座部11拉出来的轮胎构成构件G松弛成U字状来调整供给量的悬垂部(festoon)12、及设有旋转自如的多个输送辊(未图示)的第1和第2输送带13、14。供给部件10使借助悬垂部12拉出的轮胎构成构件G在第1和第2输送带13、14上依次滑动而输送,使其沿长度方向移动。此时,轮胎构成构件G与聚合物片等衬垫一同卷取成卷体,当在轮胎构成构件G之间存在衬垫时,供给部件10在分离衬垫之后供给输送轮胎构成构件G。
在本实施方式中,第2输送带14位于第1输送带13和支承体2之间,并且沿轮胎构成构件G的移动(供给)路径配置在比向该被成形体H的卷绕长度更长的整个范围内。结果,能够将预先切断为卷绕长度的轮胎构成构件G的整体以延伸成直线状的状态载置在第2输送带14上。供给部件10利用第2输送带14使轮胎构成构件G沿其长度方向直线移动至支承体2,同时朝向被成形体H的预定的卷绕位置进行引导,并从顶端部依次朝向被成形体H连续地供给。
切断部件20具有设置在输送带13、14之间的砧座21、配置在其上方的刀具22、及安装有刀具22的活塞缸体机构23,在砧座21上利用刀具22切断轮胎构成构件G。砧座21配置在比所供给的轮胎构成构件G靠下侧的位置,在供给轮胎构成构件G时不会妨碍移动,在切断时从下表面侧支承轮胎构成构件G。刀具22对应于活塞缸体机构23的活塞杆23P相对于缸体23S的进退而从上方靠近及离开刀具22,与轮胎构成构件G接触而将其切断成预定形状。
另外,切断部件20具有例如由活塞缸体机构等构成的第1移动机构(未图示),该第1移动机构用于使活塞缸体机构23在第1输送带13的上方沿该轮胎构成构件G的输送方向移动。切断部件20利用第1移动机构使活塞缸体机构23和刀具22在切断砧座21上方的轮胎构成构件G的位置和第1输送带13上方的待机位置之间移动。而且,切断部件20具有第2移动机构(未图示),该第2移动机构用于使活塞缸体机构23在轮胎构成构件G沿宽度方向以直线状、或者以预定角度倾斜地移动(在此是倾斜地移动)。切断部件20在将刀具22按压在轮胎构成构件G上的状态下,利用第2移动机构使活塞缸体机构23移动,而使刀具22沿应切断的位置在宽度方向上横切轮胎构成构件G,利用刀具22切断轮胎构成构件G。由此,切断部件20将第2输送带14上的卷绕之前的轮胎构成构件G切断成向被成形体H卷绕的长度,并形成预定形状及长度。
卷绕装置30包括配置在输送带13、14上方的导轨31、以及轮胎构成构件G的顶端保持粘贴部件40和后端保持粘贴部件50,利用各保持粘贴部件40、50分别保持轮胎构成构件G的长度方向的顶端部和后端部而粘贴于被成形体H。导轨31配置为在与支承体2的轴线方向正交的方向上、并且沿第2输送带14平行,且以从第1输送带13的上方越过支承体2的上方而直线延伸的方式架设。另外,在导轨31上,顶端保持粘贴部件40以能够移动的方式安装在支承体2侧,后端保持粘贴部件50以能够移动的方式安装在切断部件20侧。
各保持粘贴部件40、50分别包括:滑块41、51,其能够沿导轨31的下表面滑动而沿长度方向移动;活塞缸体机构42、52,其以朝向下方的方式固定于滑块41、51的下表面;以及吸盘43、53,其安装在活塞杆42P、52P的顶端(下端)。另外,该卷绕装置30具有用于分别使滑块41、51移动的顶端及后端移动部件(未图示),该顶端及后端移动部件例如在滑块41、51上设有利用电动机旋转的旋转体,使滑块41、51借助该旋转体沿导轨31行进等。卷绕装置30利用该各移动部件使滑块41、51互相独立地以预定速度移动,根据电动机的转速判断移动距离或者利用传感器对位置进行检测等,而使滑块41、51在导轨31的预定位置处停止。在这些各位置处,各保持粘贴部件40、50使活塞缸体机构42、52工作而使活塞杆42P、52P相对于缸体42S、52S进行进退,使吸盘43、53沿上下方向移动而与轮胎构成构件G的上表面接触及分离。
吸盘43、53利用能够柔软变形的橡胶等弹性体形成为朝向开口端(在此是下端)去逐渐扩径的喇叭状,并借助空气软管、切换阀而分别与真空泵等排气部件(未图示)连接。吸盘43、53利用排气部件排出喇叭状的内部和与其开口端接触的轮胎构成构件G之间的空气,对内部进行减压而以预定的吸附力吸附轮胎构成构件G,停止排气而使内部恢复压力,从而解除对轮胎构成构件G的吸附。如此,吸盘43、53构成轮胎构成构件G的吸附保持部件,并以能够装卸的方式从上方吸附保持轮胎构成构件G。
卷绕装置30使该顶端保持粘贴部件40和后端保持粘贴部件50的各吸盘43、53下降而接触于轮胎构成构件G的各预定位置,并在卷绕被切断的轮胎构成构件G之前,分别保持其卷绕顶端部及后端部。在该状态下,使滑块41、51移动,在后述的轮胎构成构件G的卷绕动作的各阶段,使各保持粘贴部件40、50和吸盘43、53分别依次移动到被成形体H的上方,然后朝向被成形体H下降。由此,将轮胎构成构件G的各端部按压粘贴在被成形体H的外周上的预定位置,并对轮胎构成构件G的两端部进行接合等。
并且,在该轮胎制造装置1中,使用顶端保持粘贴部件40作为保持切断前的轮胎构成构件G的顶端部而向第2输送带14上拉出的拉出部件,使顶端保持粘贴部件40从切断部件20侧移动到支承体2侧,然后将轮胎构成构件G拉出预定长度。另外,利用切断部件20切断该拉出来的轮胎构成构件G,利用后端保持粘贴部件50保持砧座21上切断的后端部,之后,使两保持粘贴部件40、50移动,利用顶端保持粘贴部件40将轮胎构成构件G的顶端部粘贴于被成形体H。
另外,在本实施方式中,为了在整个宽度方向上保持轮胎构成构件G,沿同一方向等间隔地配置多个吸盘43、53,并分别借助连结构件(未图示)安装于活塞杆42P、52P的下端。或者,将各滑块41、51形成为比第2输送带14的宽度长,而配置在其整个宽度方向(图中是纸面前后方向)上,并在其下表面等间隔地设置各自具有吸盘43、53的多个活塞缸体机构42、52。这样,使各活塞缸体机构42、52工作,使吸盘43、53与轮胎构成构件G接触,并利用与其上表面接触的多个吸盘43、53,在整个宽度方向上均等地吸附保持轮胎构成构件G的端部。
但是,为了沿端部保持轮胎构成构件G,多个吸盘43、53配置在与其切断的端部的形状对应的方向上。即,例如在轮胎构成构件G的端部与宽度方向平行时,多个吸盘43、53沿宽度方向以直线状配置,在端部斜向倾斜时,多个吸盘43、53斜向配置为向相同的方向倾斜(在此是斜向配置)。本实施方式的卷绕装置30如此在多个位置保持轮胎构成构件G的端部而使其移动等,以下,说到吸盘43、53时,是指如此同时吸附保持而进行移动等的多个吸盘43、53。
除以上之外,轮胎制造装置1包括用于检测轮胎构成构件G的接合部J的检测部件60,将检测部件60配置在比利用切断部件20对轮胎构成构件G进行切断的位置靠供给方向上游侧的位置。轮胎制造装置1利用该检测部件60检测切断前的轮胎构成构件G的接合部J,掌握该轮胎构成构件G的长度方向上的位置。在检测部件60中,可以使用例如非接触且能够连续地测量轮胎构成构件G的表面位移的激光位移传感器、能够测量距离的超声波距离传感器,该测量部配置为与轮胎构成构件G的预定位置相对并隔开预定距离。在此,检测部件60具有激光位移传感器,在第1输送带13的上方朝向下方配置,并连续地测量所输送的轮胎构成构件G的上表面的位移。此时,接合部J因构件彼此的重叠而变得比其他的部分厚,并比其他的表面突出。因而,根据位移的测量结果,在测量到大于预先设定的基准位移量的位移量时,将该测量范围判断为接合部J,从而检测出接合部J。
接着,对利用该轮胎制造装置1将轮胎构成构件G卷绕于被成形体H而成形未硫化轮胎并制造轮胎的过程、动作进行说明。以下的过程等利用控制装置(未图示)来控制,使装置各部分在预先设定的定时、条件下进行相关动作来执行。该控制装置由包括例如微处理器(MPU)、用于存储各种程序的ROM(ReadOnly Memory)、及用于临时存储由MPU直接访问的数据的RAM(Random Access Memory)等的计算机构成,借助连接部件与装置各部分连接。由此,控制装置与装置各部分发送、接收控制信号、各种数据,使其各自执行与轮胎成形相关的各动作。
图3是示意性地表示轮胎构成构件G的卷绕过程的轮胎制造装置1的主要部分侧视图,并依次表示各卷绕阶段的状态。
在该轮胎制造装置1中,首先,使各保持粘贴部件40、50移动(参照图3A),使顶端保持粘贴部件40位于砧座21上的已切断的轮胎构成构件G的顶端部上方,使其吸盘43下降而吸附保持轮胎构成构件G的顶端部。接着,利用检测部件60检测轮胎构成构件G的接合部J,同时使顶端保持粘贴部件40朝向支承体2移动,沿第2输送带14将轮胎构成构件G拉出预定长度(参照图3B)。由此,在从轮胎构成构件G的顶端到切断部件20的切断位置的长度成为预定的卷绕长度时,使顶端保持粘贴部件40停止。
接着,使切断部件20的刀具22从待机位置移动到切断轮胎构成构件G的位置,使切断部件20工作,然后利用刀具22切断拉出来的轮胎构成构件G,以包含端部彼此的接合量在内的、向被成形体H的卷绕长度形成轮胎构成构件G。在此,轮胎构成构件G如上所述那样沿长度方向具有1个以上(在此是以预定间隔具有多个)接合部J,若接合部J(参照图6)位于轮胎构成构件G的切断位置附近,则在接合其端部彼此时产生3层的构件重叠。在本实施方式中,为了防止该重叠,当在切断位置附近检测出接合部J时,除接合部J的位置之外利用切断部件20将轮胎构成构件G切断为比预定的卷绕长度短的长度。
图4是用于对轮胎构成构件G的切断进行说明的示意图,图4A是从上方观看轮胎构成构件G的俯视图,图4B是图4A中的X-X向视剖视图。
轮胎制造装置1根据检测部件60对接合部J的检测结果和轮胎构成构件G的移动距离,利用控制装置计算出切断轮胎构成构件G时的接合部J的位置。另外,控制装置根据位置的计算结果,随着轮胎构成构件G的移动在接合部J被切断部件20切断的位置停止,而判断轮胎构成构件G是否在接合部J处被切断。由此,在判断为在接合部J处未被切断时,轮胎制造装置1将轮胎构成构件G切断(图4中的箭头C1)成预先设定的常规的卷绕长度(沿长度方向的长度)L。此时,在该轮胎制造装置1中,利用切断部件20以使轮胎构成构件G向与接合部J相同的方向倾斜而接合部J和切断端平行的方式切断轮胎构成构件G。
另一方面,在判断为在接合部J处被切断时,轮胎制造装置1相比于常规缩短拉出轮胎构成构件G的顶端保持粘贴部件40的移动距离,而缩短轮胎构成构件G的拉出长度。另外,在该状态下使切断部件20工作,将轮胎构成构件G切断(图4中的箭头C2)成比通常的卷绕长度L短预定长度W的长度(L-W)。这样,当在轮胎构成构件G的切断位置附近检测出接合部J时,轮胎制造装置1以接合部J离开轮胎构成构件G的后端部的方式将切断位置改变成接合部J的跟前,而将轮胎构成构件G切断成比预定的卷绕长度L短的长度。此时,轮胎构成构件G也可以在利用顶端保持粘贴部件40拉出与未检测出接合部J时相同的预定长度之后,向与拉出方向相反的方向返回,切断成比卷绕长度L短的长度。
另外,在本发明中,在说到轮胎构成构件G的切断位置附近时,除了切断部件20实际切断的位置之外,包含其附近范围、即在将切断的轮胎构成构件G卷绕于被成形体H而接合端部时其端部彼此重合的范围。因而,关于该切断位置附近,预先设定与使轮胎构成构件G的端部彼此重合的宽度(接合量)对应的距离(包含端部的接合误差在内的、接合量以上的预定距离)作为距切断部件20的切断位置的距离。另外,将把轮胎构成构件G切断成较短时的长度W设定为,可靠地使接合部J离开切断的轮胎构成构件G的后端部而在后端部不会留有接合部J的长度。此时,将长度W根据接合部J的宽度和上述轮胎构成构件G的接合量设定为至少是接合部J的宽度以上的长度,例如设定为接合部J的宽度以上并且是接合量的2倍以上的长度。
在如此切断轮胎构成构件G之后,轮胎制造装置1使切断部件20(参照图3C)的刀具22返回到待机位置。另外,使后端保持粘贴部件50移动到轮胎构成构件G的被切断的后端部上方,使其吸盘53下降而吸附保持轮胎构成构件G的后端部。如此,利用各吸盘43、53以能够装卸的方式吸附保持轮胎构成构件G的顶端部及后端部,使两保持粘贴部件40、50朝向支承体2以相同的速度同步移动。由此,使整个轮胎构成构件G向长度方向(图中是左方向)K移动,在所保持的顶端部移动至被成形体H的预定的粘贴位置上方时,使两保持粘贴部件40、50停止(参照图3D)。
轮胎制造装置1如此保持轮胎构成构件G的卷绕顶端部,利用顶端保持粘贴部件40使所保持的顶端部朝向被成形体H移动至顶端部的粘贴位置并粘贴在被成形体H的预定位置。具体地讲,卷绕装置30使顶端保持粘贴部件40的吸盘43下降,将轮胎构成构件G按压在被成形体H上,并将吸附保持的顶端部压接在被成形体H上。接着,解除吸盘43对轮胎构成构件G的吸附,使吸盘43上升,然后使顶端保持粘贴部件40移动至支承体2的相反侧而在待机位置停止(图3D中用虚线表示)。
图5是示意性地表示粘贴顶端部之后的轮胎构成构件G的卷绕过程的、轮胎制造装置1的主要部分侧视图。
接着,轮胎制造装置1使粘贴有轮胎构成构件G的顶端部的支承体2和被成形体H(参照图5A)以预定速度绕轴线旋转,使轮胎构成构件G在移动的同时从顶端部依次卷绕于被成形体H的卷绕位置。此时,在保持着轮胎构成构件G的卷绕后端部的状态下,利用上述后端移动部件使后端保持粘贴部件50配合轮胎构成构件G向被成形体H的卷绕而朝向被成形体H移动。由此,使所保持的轮胎构成构件G的后端部与卷绕同步而以与支承体2的转速(卷绕速度)对应的预定速度向被成形体H侧移动,并移动至后端部的设定的预定粘贴位置。
在进行该移动时,在此,对后端保持粘贴部件50(所保持的轮胎构成构件G的后端部)和被成形体H之间的卷绕之前的轮胎构成构件G施加长度方向的张力,同时利用后端移动部件使后端保持粘贴部件50移动。如此,控制所保持的后端部的位置,而在对轮胎构成构件G施加预定张力的同时使后端部移动,使支承体2旋转360度,而在被成形体H的外周卷绕1周轮胎构成构件G。接着,使支承体2的旋转和后端保持粘贴部件50的移动停止(参照图5B),使吸盘53下降而将轮胎构成构件G按压在被成形体H上,并将所保持的后端部压接在被成形体H上。这样,将移动至被成形体H的轮胎构成构件G的后端部在控制其位置的同时粘贴在被成形体H的预定位置,并使其与最初粘贴的顶端部重合而接合。之后,解除吸盘53对轮胎构成构件G的吸附,使吸盘53上升(参照图5C),而完成1个轮胎构成构件G的卷绕。
但是,轮胎制造装置1在如上所述那样卷绕轮胎构成构件G并切断成比长度L更短的长度时,执行使轮胎构成构件G伸长成卷绕长度L的工序。在此,在将切断为较短长度的轮胎构成构件G卷绕于被成形体H时,使被成形体H的转速比常规时快,或者使后端保持粘贴部件50的移送速度比常规时慢,利用它们的速度差使轮胎构成构件G伸长变形。即,在轮胎构成构件G的卷绕过程中,使被成形体H的旋转圆周速度(被卷绕轮胎构成构件G的外周面上的周向速度)相对于后端保持粘贴部件50的移动速度相对较快。由此,使长度方向的张力作用于后端保持粘贴部件50和被成形体H之间的轮胎构成构件G,沿长度方向拉伸轮胎构成构件G而使其变形,而使其整个长度伸长成预定的卷绕长度L。此时,根据卷绕长度L和上述切断成较短时的长度W(参照图4)等设定这两个速度之差,使得在卷绕结束时轮胎构成构件G的长度成为长度L、其两端部以预定的接合量重合。
轮胎制造装置1将1个或者多个切断的轮胎构成构件G以预定的顺序卷绕粘贴在与以上相同地旋转的被成形体H的预定位置,并与其他轮胎构成构件进行组合等来成形未硫化轮胎。接着,对成形的未硫化轮胎进行硫化成型来制造充气轮胎等轮胎。
像以上说明的那样,在本实施方式中,预先切断轮胎构成构件G而保持其顶端部和后端部,将顶端部粘贴于被成形体H而进行卷绕,并配合该卷绕而使轮胎构成构件G的所保持的后端部移动至向被成形体H的粘贴位置。因此,能够将轮胎构成构件G以整个长度方向上相同的状态抑制错位、曲折等、同时高精度且自动地卷绕,特别是能够对顶端部和后端部分别调整位置而正确地粘贴并配置于被成形体H。随之,能够使轮胎构成构件G相对于被成形体H的配置位置、端部彼此的重叠方式在每个轮胎成形中稳定而将变化维持为较小,从而能够稳定地确保上述配置位置、台阶偏移量、接合量等的、被要求的各标准、卷绕精度。如此,在该轮胎制造装置1中,不需要人工就能够高精度且自动地进行轮胎构成构件G的配置、端部彼此的接合,因此,能够提高轮胎成形工序的生产率,并且也能够提高轮胎的均匀性。
另外,在此,当在轮胎构成构件G的切断位置附近检测出接合部J时,避开接合部J而将轮胎构成构件G切断为较短。因此,在卷绕之后的轮胎构成构件G中不会产生构件彼此的3层重叠,能够抑制轮胎构成构件G局部变厚,而能够防止轮胎的均匀性降低。而且,由于被切断成较短长度的轮胎构成构件G伸长成卷绕长度L而进行卷绕,因此,不需要人工的切断、修改,就能够确保轮胎构成构件G的端部彼此的正确的接合量。结果,即使在卷绕具有接合部J的轮胎构成构件G的情况下,也能够对轮胎成形工序进行自动化来提高生产率,并且也能够不中断地进行卷绕工序从而缩短循环时间,因此,能够进一步提高生产率。除此之外,也不会因卷绕之后的人工切割而带来轮胎构成构件G的废弃,能够减少橡胶废料,并且,设备也不会复杂化,因此,能够抑制其设置成本的上升,同时也能够防止设备的可维修性降低。
因而,采用本实施方式,在成形未硫化轮胎时,不借助人工就能够以较高的精度、并且以防止3层重叠的方式将具有接合部J的轮胎构成构件G卷绕于被成形体H,从而能够在抑制均匀性降低的同时提高轮胎制造的生产率。另外,在对轮胎构成构件G的后端部与被成形体H之间的轮胎构成构件G施加预定的张力、同时使轮胎构成构件G的后端部移动时,能够防止卷绕于被成形体H的轮胎构成构件G位移。同时,由于能够沿长度方向将轮胎构成构件G的张力维持为相同的状态而进行卷绕,因此,能够抑制该局部的伸长等而将整体卷绕成更均等的状态。结果,能够降低卷绕时的轮胎构成构件G的长度变化,而更正确地将后端部配置在所设定的粘贴位置。
在此,采用该轮胎制造装置1,除了加强构件93(参照图1)之外,能够将帆布胎圈包布91、包布(flipper)、超薄胎圈填胶片、或者带束层等与上述相同地进行卷绕的其他轮胎构成构件G也卷绕于被成形体H。但是,像本实施方式这样,具有相对于宽度方向倾斜的接合部J、且被沿该方向倾斜地切断的轮胎构成构件G(例如有机衬垫)相比于接合部J平行于宽度方向的轮胎构成构件G,难以进行较高精度的接合。因此,本发明适合卷绕具有这种倾斜的接合部J的轮胎构成构件G,并能够有效地提高其接合精度。
另外,在本实施方式中,利用后端保持粘贴部件50和被成形体H的速度差使被切断成较短长度的轮胎构成构件G伸长成卷绕长度L,但该伸长部件也可以由例如两保持粘贴部件40、50构成。在这种情况下,利用顶端保持粘贴部件40和后端保持粘贴部件50将轮胎构成构件G的各端部保持成直线状(参照图3C),在向被成形体H进行卷绕之前,使顶端保持粘贴部件40和后端保持粘贴部件50分离上述长度W(参照图4)(或者与橡胶的复原力对应的长度W以上的长度)。由此,使端部彼此分离,拉伸它们之间的轮胎构成构件G,并沿长度方向施加张力,将轮胎构成构件G拉长长度W而使其变形,使其整个长度伸长成卷绕长度L。
另外,在该轮胎制造装置1中,虽然利用吸盘43、53吸附保持轮胎构成构件G,但轮胎构成构件G的端部也可以利用机器人手这样的把持部件从厚度方向的两面夹持而把持等,利用其他保持部件进行保持。另外,轮胎构成构件G的端部例如也可以利用在靠近被成形体H的粘贴位置直到位移、偏差变得极小的状态下解除保持,朝向被成形体H落下而粘贴等、除压接之外的方法进行粘贴。但是,像该轮胎制造装置1这样,在利用吸盘43、53等吸附保持部件以能够装卸的方式吸附保持轮胎构成构件G时,在粘贴端部之后,能够一边防止自该粘贴位置的位移一边容易地解除保持,从而能够进一步提高粘贴精度。同时,通过将所吸附的端部按压而压接于被成形体H,能够紧固并且正确地粘贴端部。
另外,在本实施方式中,虽然在切断轮胎构成构件G之后保持其后端部,但轮胎构成构件G即使在保持其后端部之后切断等、以在向被成形体H卷绕之前的其他时刻进行保持,也能够得到与上述同样的效果。除此之外,该轮胎制造装置1除了生胎(green tire)之外,还可以使用于重新卷绕带束层、胎面橡胶来成形的未硫化的翻新轮胎等、硫化前的各种轮胎的成形。因而,在本发明中成形的未硫化轮胎中,除了生胎之外,还包括卷绕轮胎构成构件G而成形的翻新轮胎等各种轮胎。而且,通过在轮胎制造装置1中设置用于替换供给多种轮胎构成构件G的部件,能够减小为了轮胎成形工序所使用的面积来谋求节省空间。
以上,以将轮胎构成构件G卷绕于被成形体H而使其两端部重合而接合的情况为例进行了说明,但本发明也能够适用于将轮胎构成构件G卷绕于被成形体H、不使其两端部重合而是对接接合的情况。在这种情况下,除了在端部彼此的接合部不会产生3层的重叠之外,还能够减小接合部附近的高度差而能够高精度地接合,从而能够高效地制造均匀性较高的轮胎。另外,例如通过在向被成形体H卷绕之前利用切断部件20切断废弃轮胎构成构件G的接合部J,能够自轮胎构成构件G消除构件彼此的重叠而进一步提高均匀性。此时,由于废弃的构件仅是接合部J附近,因此也能够有效地利用构件。
(轮胎构成构件G的卷绕试验)
为了确认本发明的效果,利用以上说明的轮胎制造装置1实际地将轮胎构成构件G卷绕于被成形体H,而评价其卷绕精度等。在试验中,在将构件宽度为45mm的一对轮胎构成构件G(加强构件93)分别切断成长度1430mm之后,将其在支承体2(成形鼓)的左右两侧同时卷绕,将它们的两端部以接合量成为7mm的方式重叠而接合(以下称作实施例)。此时,当在轮胎构成构件G的切断位置附近检测出接合部J时,避开合部J切断成1405mm,之后,利用顶端保持粘贴部件40和后端保持粘贴部件50保持两端部,使它们分离而进行拉伸,从而在使其伸长到1430mm之后卷绕于被成形体H。
结果,即使在检测出接合部J时,也能够与未检测出接合部J时同样地进行卷绕,它们的接合量之间没有发现差别。另外,在实施例中,卷绕10次轮胎构成构件G,实际测量各接合量而计算出偏差,此时接合量的偏差为σ=0.7mm。对此,在将切断的轮胎构成构件G仅保持其顶端部而粘贴于被成形体、使被成形体H旋转而不保持后端部地将轮胎构成构件G卷绕于被成形体H时(以往例),接合量的偏差为σ=3.0mm。由此可知,在实施例中,能够大幅度降低接合量的偏差而提高接合精度。
另外,在实施例中,虽然自动地进行了轮胎构成构件G的卷绕,但能够确认为,在端部不会产生3层的重叠,并且在卷绕之后也不需要人工切割、修整。由此可知,能够消除因切割而带来的轮胎构成构件G的废弃,而能够使卷绕工序自动化。而且,通过将该轮胎制造装置1导入全自动轮胎生产系统中,能够对包含上述那种轮胎构成构件G的卷绕工序在内的轮胎生产工序实现从成形工序到硫化工序及检查工序都不借助人工的全自动化。除此之外,还可知,当在帆布胎圈包布91也适用利用该轮胎制造装置1进行的卷绕时,其接合精度也变高,从而能够有效地防止接合打开等的不良情况。
由以上的结果能够证明,在利用本发明成形未硫化轮胎时,不借助人工就能够以较高的精度、并且以防止3层重叠等的方式将具有接合部J的轮胎构成构件G卷绕于被成形体H,从而能够在抑制均匀性降低的同时提高轮胎制造的生产率。
附图标记说明
1 轮胎制造装置;2 支承体;10 供给部件;11 座部;12 悬垂部;13 第1输送带;14 第2输送带;20 切断部件;21 砧座;22 刀具;23 活塞缸体机构;30 卷绕装置;31 导轨;40 顶端保持粘贴部件;41 滑块;42 活塞缸体机构;43 吸盘;50 后端保持粘贴部件;51 滑块;52 活塞缸体机构;53 吸盘;60 检测部件;90 内衬层;91 帆布胎圈包布;92 帘布层;93 加强构件;94 胎圈;H 被成形体;G 轮胎构成构件;J 接合部。
Claims (8)
1.一种轮胎制造装置,其特征在于,包括供给部件及被成形体的旋转部件,该供给部件用于供给沿长度方向具有1个以上接合部的轮胎构成构件,上述轮胎制造装置用于将轮胎构成构件卷绕于旋转的被成形体来成形未硫化轮胎,
上述轮胎制造装置包括:
检测部件,其用于检测轮胎构成构件的接合部;
切断部件,其用于将轮胎构成构件切断成向被成形体卷绕的卷绕长度,并且,当在切断位置附近检测出接合部时,避开接合部将轮胎构成构件切断为比卷绕长度短的长度;
伸长部件,其用于使被切断成短的长度的轮胎构成构件伸长成卷绕长度;
顶端保持粘贴部件及后端保持粘贴部件,其分别用于保持轮胎构成构件的卷绕顶端部和后端部而粘贴于被成形体;以及
移动部件,其用于配合顶端部粘贴于被成形体的轮胎构成构件向被成形体的卷绕,使保持轮胎构成构件的后端部的后端保持粘贴部件朝向被成形体移动至后端部的粘贴位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的轮胎制造装置,其特征在于,
伸长部件是如下部件:在将上述被切断成短的长度的轮胎构成构件卷绕于被成形体时,使被成形体的旋转圆周速度相对于后端保持粘贴部件的移动速度快,而使轮胎构成构件伸长成卷绕长度。
3.根据权利要求1所述的轮胎制造装置,其特征在于,
伸长部件是如下部件:在向被成形体卷绕之前,使保持上述被切断成短的长度的轮胎构成构件的各端部的顶端保持粘贴部件及后端保持粘贴部件分离而拉伸轮胎构成构件,使轮胎构成构件伸长成卷绕长度。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的轮胎制造装置,其特征在于,
轮胎构成构件具有相对于宽度方向倾斜的接合部,
切断部件用于以向与接合部相同的方向倾斜的方式切断轮胎构成构件。
5.一种轮胎制造方法,其特征在于,包括将沿长度方向具有1个以上接合部的轮胎构成构件切断成向被成形体卷绕的卷绕长度的工序,并将切断的轮胎构成构件卷绕于旋转的被成形体来成形未硫化轮胎,
上述轮胎制造方法包括以下工序:
检测轮胎构成构件的接合部;
当在轮胎构成构件的切断位置附近检测出接合部时,避开接合部将轮胎构成构件切断成比卷绕长度短的长度;
使被切断成短的长度的轮胎构成构件伸长成卷绕长度;
保持轮胎构成构件的卷绕顶端部而粘贴于被成形体;
使粘贴有轮胎构成构件的顶端部的被成形体旋转,将轮胎构成构件卷绕于被成形体;
保持轮胎构成构件的卷绕后端部,配合轮胎构成构件向被成形体的卷绕而使轮胎构成构件朝向被成形体移动;以及
将移动至被成形体的轮胎构成构件的后端部粘贴于被成形体。
6.根据权利要求5所述的轮胎制造方法,其特征在于,
上述使被切断成短的长度的轮胎构成构件伸长成卷绕长度的工序包括如下工序:在将上述被切断成短的长度的轮胎构成构件卷绕于被成形体时,使被成形体的旋转圆周速度相对于轮胎构成构件的被保持的后端部的移动速度快,使轮胎构成构件伸长成卷绕长度。
7.根据权利要求5所述的轮胎制造方法,其特征在于,
上述使被切断成短的长度的轮胎构成构件伸长成卷绕长度的工序包括如下工序:在向被成形体卷绕之前,保持上述被切断成短的长度的轮胎构成构件的各端部并使端部彼此分离而拉伸轮胎构成构件,使轮胎构成构件伸长成卷绕长度。
8.根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的轮胎制造方法,其特征在于,
轮胎构成构件具有相对于宽度方向倾斜的接合部;
在各切断的工序中,以向与接合部相同的方向倾斜的方式切断轮胎构成构件。
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JP2024083893A (ja) * | 2022-12-12 | 2024-06-24 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ジョイントハンド、ジョイント装置及び部材製造方法 |
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CN104999685A (zh) * | 2014-04-22 | 2015-10-28 | 住友橡胶工业株式会社 | 充气轮胎的制造方法 |
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CN109968711A (zh) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-05 | 东洋橡胶工业株式会社 | 片状带束层的制造方法以及制造装置 |
CN109968706A (zh) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-05 | 东洋橡胶工业株式会社 | 片状带束层的卷绕方法以及卷绕装置 |
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US11161314B2 (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2021-11-02 | Toyo Tire Corporation | Manufacturing method and manufacturing device of tire belt |
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CN111300836A (zh) * | 2020-02-11 | 2020-06-19 | 湖北文理学院 | 一种轮胎带定位放置装置及其控制方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2010260316A (ja) | 2010-11-18 |
EP2431164B1 (en) | 2016-01-06 |
US20120111473A1 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
EP2431164A4 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
JP5271794B2 (ja) | 2013-08-21 |
MX2011011968A (es) | 2012-02-23 |
US9393751B2 (en) | 2016-07-19 |
HUE027379T2 (en) | 2016-10-28 |
WO2010131598A1 (ja) | 2010-11-18 |
EP2431164A1 (en) | 2012-03-21 |
CN102458814B (zh) | 2014-04-30 |
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