CN102414908A - 电池系统、电池模块和用于冷却电池模块的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种电池系统、电池模块和用于冷却电池模块的方法。电池模块包括壳体,在其内部布置有非导电油。电池模块还包括安装在壳体中的电池单元。电池模块还包括布置在壳体中的冷却歧管,其接触非导电油。冷却歧管被构造成接纳通过其中的流体,并且将热能从非导电油传导到流体中,以冷却电池单元。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及电池系统、电池模块和用于冷却电池模块的方法。
背景技术
在典型的风冷电池组中,来自环境大气的环境空气被引导通过在电池组中的电池单元,并且随后从电池组被排出。然而,通常的风冷电池组在将电池组的温度保持在期望的温度范围内时具有较大的挑战。
具体地说,电池组的最大工作温度会经常低于用于冷却电池的环境空气的温度。在该情况下,不可能在风冷的电池组中将电池单元保持在期望的温度范围内。
因此,本发明人在此已经认识到最小化和/或消除上述缺陷的、改进的具有电池模块的电池系统和用于冷却电池模块的方法的需要。
发明内容
提供了根据示例性实施例的一种电池模块。所述电池模块包括壳体,其中布置有非导电油。所述电池模块进一步包括布置在所述壳体中的电池单元。所述电池模块进一步包括布置在壳体中的冷却歧管,其接触所述非导电油。所述冷却歧管被构造为接纳通过其中的流体,并且将热能从所述非导电油向所述流体中传导,以冷却所述电池单元。
提供了根据另一示例性实施例的一种电池系统。所述电池系统包括电池模块,所述电池模块具有壳体、电池单元和冷却歧管。所述壳体中布置有与所述冷却歧管接触的非导电油。所述电池单元和所述冷却歧管被布置在所述壳体中。所述冷却歧管被构造为接纳通过其中的制冷剂,并且将热能从所述非导电油向所述制冷剂内传导以冷却所述电池模块。所述电池系统进一步包括:冷凝器,所述冷凝器流体联接到所述电池模块。所述冷凝器被构造为从所述电池模块接纳所述制冷剂,并且从所述制冷剂吸取热能。所述电池系统进一步包括压缩器,所述压缩器流体联接到所述冷凝器,并且被构造为接纳来自所述冷凝器的所述制冷剂。所述压缩器进一步流体联接到所述电池模块。所述压缩器被构造为将所述制冷剂从所述冷凝器泵送到所述电池模块内。
提供了根据另一示例性实施例的一种电池系统。所述电池系统包括电池模块,所述电池模块具有壳体、电池单元和冷却歧管。所述壳体中布置有与所述冷却歧管接触的非导电油。所述电池单元和所述冷却歧管被布置在所述壳体中。所述冷却歧管被构造为接纳通过其中的冷却剂,并且将热能从所述非导电油向所述冷却剂内传导以冷却所述电池模块。所述电池系统进一步包括:热交换器,所述热交换器流体联接到所述电池单元。所述热交换器被构造为在其中接纳来自电池模块的冷却剂,并且从流过其中的所述冷却剂吸取热能。所述电池系统进一步包括冷板,所述冷板流体联接到所述热交换器。所述冷板被构造为从流过其中的冷却剂吸取热能。所述电池系统进一步包括储存器,所述储存器流体联接在所述冷板和泵之间。所述储存器被构造为从所述冷板接纳冷却剂,并且将所述冷却剂送到所述泵。所述泵进一步流体联接到所述电池模块。所述泵被构造为将冷却剂从储存器泵送到电池模块内。
提供了根据另一示例性实施例的一种用于冷却电池模块的方法。所述电池模块具有壳体、电池单元和冷却歧管。所述方法包括将热能从所述电池单元向布置在所述壳体中的非导电油传导。所述方法进一步包括:在所述冷却歧管中接纳流体,并且将热能从所述非导电油向所述流体内传导,以冷却所述壳体中的所述电池单元。
附图说明
图1是根据示例性实施例的电池系统的示意图;
图2是根据另一示例性实施例的在图1的电池系统中使用的电池模块的示意图;
图3是图2的电池模块的另一示意图;
图4是图2的电池模块的另一示意图;
图5是图3的电池模块的截面示意图;
图6是图3的电池模块的顶部的放大示意图;
图7是图3的电池模块中使用的冷却歧管的示意图;
图8是图7的冷却歧管的截面示意图;
图9是根据另一示例性实施例的用于冷却图1的电池系统中的电池模块的方法的流程图;
图10是根据另一示例性实施例的另一电池系统的示意图;以及
图11是根据另一示例性实施例的用于冷却图10的电池系统中的电池模块的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
参见图1,图示根据一个示例性实施例的用于产生电力的电池系统10。电池系统10包括电池模块20、压缩器22、冷凝器24、导管28、30、32、温度传感器36、风扇38和微处理器40。电池模块20的优点是电池模块20使用非导电油将热能从电池单元传导到至少一个冷却歧管以有效地冷却电池单元。
为了方便理解,术语“流体”表示液体或气体。例如,流体可以包括冷却剂或制冷剂。示例性冷却剂包括乙二醇和丙二醇。示例性制冷剂包括R-11、R-12、R-22、R-134A、R-407C和R-410A。
参见图2、3、5和6,电池模块20被设置为在其中产生电压。电池模块20包括壳体60、电池单元66、68、70、72、74、76、78、80、82、84、86、88、90、92、94、96、98、100、102、104、106、108、110、112、114、电池支架130、132、134、136、冷却歧管140、142和非导电油150。
参见图2,壳体60包括下壳体部分62和盖子64,盖子64固定地联接到下壳体部分62。在一个示例性实施例中,盖子64被密封到下壳体部分62,使得非导电油150保存在下壳体部分62内而不从其泄漏。在一个示例性实施例中,盖子64和下壳体部分62由塑料构造。
参见图5和图6,电池单元66、68、70、72、74、76、78、80、82、84、86、88、90、92、94、96、98、100、102、104、106、108、110、112、114被设置为产生电压。特别地,电池单元中的每一个具有基本上类似的结构。例如,参见电池单元66,该电池单元包括主体部分151、凸缘部分152、153和从主体部分151向上延伸的一对电极。凸缘部分152、153从主体部分151的第一和第二端延伸。从每一个电池单元延伸的每对电极之间具有电压。电池单元的电极可以根据电池模块20的期望的电压和电流串联或并联地联接在一起。电池单元在下壳体部分62内彼此相邻地堆叠。而且,电池单元中的每一个在第一端联接到电池支架130、132,并且在第二端进一步联接到电池支架134、136。在一个示例性实施例中,每一个电池单元是锂离子电池单元。在替代实施例中,电池单元可以例如是镍镉电池单元或镍金属氢化物电池单元。当然,可以使用本领域技术人员已知的其他类型的电池单元。
电池支架130、132、134、136被设置为在壳体60内固定地保持电池单元。电池支架中的每一个具有相同的结构,并且可以由塑料构造。电池支架132包括板部分157,该板部分157具有在其中延伸的多个狭缝或凹槽,用于容纳来自电池单元的对应的凸缘部分。例如,电池单元66的凸缘部分152容纳在电池支架130、132中的对应的狭缝内,以在下壳体部分62内保持电池单元66的位置。而且,电池单元66的凸缘部分153容纳在电池支架134、136中的对应的狭缝内,以在下壳体部分62内保持电池单元66的位置。其他的电池单元以与电池单元66类似的方式联接到电池支架。
参见图4和6-8,冷却歧管140布置在壳体60内与电池支架130、132相邻。在一个示例性实施例中,冷却歧管140被构造为接纳通过其中的制冷剂,该制冷剂从壳体60中的非导电油150吸取热能,以冷却壳体60中的电池单元。当然,在替代实施例中,冷却歧管140可以接纳流体以从非导电油150吸取热能。冷却歧管140可以将电池单元保持在期望的温度范围内,并且特别地,可以将电池单元保持在小于阈值温度水平的温度处。在一个示例性实施例中,期望的温度范围是15℃-35℃。在另一个示例性实施例中,该阈值温度水平是40℃。
冷却歧管140包括挤出的壳体部分160、底盖162、顶盖164和端口166、168。可以由铝、铜、银、金及其合金中的至少一种来构造挤出的壳体部分160、底盖162、顶盖164和端口166、168。挤出的壳体部分160限定内部区域,用于在其中容纳制冷剂。壳体部分160包括外壁169和附着到外壁169的内壁180、182、184、186、188、190、192、194、196、198、200、202、204、206、208、210、212。该内壁基本上彼此平行地布置,并且限定通过冷却歧管140的蜿蜒流径。底盖162固定地联接到挤出的壳体部分160的底表面。而且,顶盖164固定地联接到挤出的壳体部分160的顶表面。端口166、168被布置在顶盖164上分别延伸通过顶盖164的第一和第二孔上。在运行期间,制冷剂流过端口166并且进入壳体部分160的内部区域内,然后通过由内壁限定的蜿蜒流径,然后通过端口168。制冷剂从壳体60吸取热能,以冷却非导电油150,非导电油150进一步冷却壳体60中的电池单元。
冷却歧管142位于壳体60内、与电池支架134、136相邻。冷却歧管142具有与冷却歧管140相同的结构,并且包括端口215、216。在一个示例性实施例中,冷却歧管142被构造为接纳通过其中的制冷剂,制冷剂从在壳体60中的非导电油150吸取热能,以冷却壳体60中的电池单元。而且,冷却歧管142可以将电池单元保持在期望的温度范围内,并且特别地,可以将电池单元保持在小于阈值温度水平的温度。
参见图6,非导电油150被布置在壳体60中,并且接触电池单元以从电池单元吸取热能。在一个示例性实施例中,非导电油是矿物油。当然,可以使用本领域技术人员已知的其他类型的非导电流体来替代非导电油。
再一次参见图1,压缩器22被构造为响应于来自微处理器40的控制信号将制冷剂泵送通过导管28进入电池模块20内。如图所示,导管28流体联接到电池模块20中的压缩器22和冷却歧管的端口116、215。导管30流体联接到电池模块20中的冷却歧管的端口168、216和冷凝器24。在离开电池模块20后,制冷剂被通过导管30泵送到冷凝器24。
冷凝器24被设置为从流过其中的制冷剂吸取热能,以冷却制冷剂。如所示,导管32流体联接在冷凝器24和压缩器22之间。在离开冷凝器24后,制冷剂被通过导管32泵送到压缩器22。
温度传感器36被设置为产生由微处理器40接收的指示布置在壳体60中的非导电油150的温度水平的信号。来自温度传感器36的信号进一步指示电池单元的温度水平。
风扇38被设置为响应于来自微处理器40的控制信号将空气推动通过冷凝器24,以冷却冷凝器24。如所示的,风扇38被布置为接近冷凝器24。
微处理器40被设置为控制电池系统10的操作。具体地说,微处理器40被构造为响应于来自温度传感器36的信号产生用于控制压缩器22和风扇38的操作的控制信号,如下更详细地进行描述。
参见图9,提供了根据另一示例性实施例的用于冷却电池模块20的方法的流程图。为了简化,将使用在电池模块20中的一个电池单元和一个冷却歧管来描述该流程图。
在步骤230中,温度传感器36产生由微处理器40接收的第一信号,该第一信号指示在电池模块20的壳体60中的非导电油150的温度。电池模块20进一步包括电池单元和冷却歧管140。
在步骤232中,当第一信号指示非导电油的温度大于阈值温度水平时,微处理器40产生第二信号以引发压缩器22向电池模块20的冷却歧管140内泵送制冷剂。
在步骤234中,当第一信号指示非导电油的温度大于阈值温度水平时,微处理器40产生第三信号以引发风扇38吹送空气穿过冷凝器24,以冷却冷凝器24。
在步骤236中,壳体60中的非导电油从电池单元吸取热能。
在步骤238中,冷却歧管140从非导电油150吸取热能,并且将热能传导到冷却歧管140中的制冷剂,以冷却电池单元20。
在步骤240中,冷凝器24从电池模块20接纳制冷剂,并且从制冷剂吸取热能。
在步骤242中,制冷剂从冷凝器24送回到压缩器22。
参见图10,示出根据另一个示例性实施例的用于产生电力的电池系统310。电池系统310包括电池模块320、泵322、热交换器324、冷板325、储存器326、导管328、330、331、332、334、温度传感器336、风扇337、制冷剂系统338和微处理器340。在电池系统310和电池系统10之间的主要差别是电池系统310使用冷却剂代替制冷剂来冷却电池模块320。
电池模块320具有与如上所述的电池模块20相同的结构。
泵322被构造为响应于来自微处理器340的控制信号将冷却剂通过导管328泵送到电池模块320内。如所示的,导管328流体联接在泵322和电池模块320之间,并且,导管330流体联接在电池模块320和热交换器324之间。在离开电池模块320后,冷却剂被通过导管330泵送到热交换器324。
热交换器324被设置为从流过其中的冷却剂吸取热能以冷却冷却剂。如所示的,导管331流体联接在热交换器324和冷板325之间。在离开热交换器324后,冷却剂进一步被通过导管331泵送到冷板325。
风扇337被设置为响应于来自微处理器340的控制信号推动空气通过热交换器324,以冷却热交换器324。如所示的,风扇337被布置为接近热交换器324。
冷板325被设置为从流过其中的冷却剂吸取热能以进一步冷却冷却剂。如所示的,导管332流体联接在冷板325和储存器326之间。在离开冷板325后,冷却剂被通过导管332泵送到储存器326。
储存器326被设置为在其中存储冷却剂的至少一部分。如所示的,导管334流体联接在储存器326和泵322之间。在离开储存器326后,冷却剂进一步被通过导管334泵送到泵322。
温度传感器336被设置为产生由微处理器340接收的指示电池模块320的温度水平的信号。
制冷剂系统338被设置为响应于来自微处理器340的控制信号冷却热交换器324。如所示的,制冷剂系统338可操作地联接到冷板325。
微处理器340被设置为控制电池系统310的操作。具体地,微处理器340被构造为响应于来自温度传感器336的信号产生用于控制泵322和制冷剂系统338的操作的控制信号,下面更详细地进行描述。
参见图11,提供了根据另一个示例性实施例的用于冷却电池模块320的方法的流程图。为了简化,将使用在电池模块320中的一个电池单元和一个冷却歧管来说明该流程图。当然,可以使用额外的电池单元和冷却歧管。
在步骤350中,温度传感器336产生由微处理器340接收的第一信号,该第一信号指示在电池模块320的壳体内的非导电油的温度。电池模块320进一步包括电池单元和冷却歧管。
在步骤352中,当第一信号指示非导电油的温度大于阈值温度水平时,微处理器40产生第二信号以引发泵322从储存器326向电池模块320的冷却歧管内泵送冷却剂。
在步骤353中,当第一信号指示非导电油的温度大于阈值温度水平时,微处理器40产生第三信号以引发风扇337吹送空气穿过热交换器324,以冷却热交换器324。热交换器324流体联接到电池模块320。
在步骤354中,当第一信号指示非导电油的温度大于阈值温度水平时,微处理器340产生第四信号,以引发制冷剂系统338将制冷剂泵送通过冷板325的一部分以冷却冷板325。
在步骤356中,壳体中的非导电油从电池单元吸取热能。
在步骤358中,冷却歧管从非导电油吸取热能,并且将热能传送到冷却歧管中的冷却剂,以冷却电池单元。
在步骤360中,热交换器324将热能从非导电油传导到热交换器324中的冷却剂内,以冷却电池单元。
在步骤361中,冷板325从热交换器324接纳冷却剂,并且从该冷却剂吸取热能。
在步骤362中,储存器326从冷板325接纳冷却剂,并且冷却剂从储存器326被送回到泵322。
电池系统、电池模块和用于冷却电池模块的方法相对于其他系统、模块和方法提供了实质上的优点。具体地说,所述电池系统、所述电池模块和所述方法提供了使用与电池单元接触的非导电油并且结合冷却非导电油的冷却歧管来冷却电池模块中的电池单元的技术效果。
虽然已经参考示例性实施例描述了本发明,但是本领域内的技术人员可以明白,在不偏离本发明的范围的情况下,可以进行各种改变,并且可以用等同物替代其元件。另外,在不偏离其实质范围的情况下,可以进行许多修改以使特定的情况或材料适于本发明的教导。因此,意在使本发明不限于所公开的用于执行本发明的特定实施例,而是本发明将包括落在所附的权利要求的范围内的所有实施例。而且,术语第一、第二等的使用用于将一个元件与另一个相区别。而且,术语一个等的数量不表示数量的限制,而是表示存在所述项目的至少一个。
Claims (20)
1.一种电池模块,包括:
壳体,在所述壳体中布置有非导电油;
布置在所述壳体中的电池单元;以及
布置在所述壳体中的冷却歧管,所述冷却歧管接触所述非导电油,所述冷却歧管被构造为接纳通过其中的流体,并且将热能从所述非导电油传导到所述流体中以冷却所述电池单元。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池模块,其中,所述非导电油包括矿物油。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电池模块,其中,所述流体包括冷却剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电池模块,其中,所述冷却剂包括乙二醇和丙二醇中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电池模块,其中,所述流体包括制冷剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电池模块,其中,所述冷却歧管限定有内部区域,并且具有入口端口和出口端口。
7.根据权利要求6所述的电池模块,其中,所述冷却歧管由铝、铜、银和金中的至少一种来构造。
8.根据权利要求1所述的电池模块,其中,所述壳体由塑料构造。
9.一种电池系统,包括:
电池模块,所述电池模块具有壳体、电池单元和冷却歧管,所述壳体中布置有与所述冷却歧管接触的非导电油,所述电池单元和所述冷却歧管被布置在所述壳体中,所述冷却歧管被构造成接纳通过其中的制冷剂,并且将热能从所述非导电油传导到所述制冷剂中以冷却所述电池模块;
冷凝器,所述冷凝器流体联接到所述电池模块,所述冷凝器被构造成从所述电池模块接纳所述制冷剂,并且从所述制冷剂吸取热能;以及
压缩器,所述压缩器流体联接到所述冷凝器,并且被构造成接纳来自所述冷凝器的所述制冷剂,所述压缩器进一步流体联接到所述电池模块,所述压缩器被构造成将所述制冷剂从所述冷凝器泵送到所述电池模块中。
10.根据权利要求9所述的电池系统,进一步包括:
温度传感器,所述温度传感器被构造成产生指示所述非导电油的温度的第一信号;以及
可操作地联接到所述温度传感器的微处理器,所述微处理器被构造成当所述第一信号指示所述非导电油的温度大于阈值温度水平时产生第二信号,以引发所述压缩器向所述冷却歧管内泵送所述制冷剂。
11.根据权利要求9所述的电池系统,其中,所述非导电油包括矿物油。
12.根据权利要求9所述的电池系统,其中,所述冷却歧管限定有内部区域,并且具有入口端口和出口端口。
13.根据权利要求12所述的电池系统,其中,所述冷却歧管由铝、铜、银和金中的至少一种来构造。
14.根据权利要求9所述的电池系统,其中,所述电池模块的所述壳体由塑料构造。
15.一种电池系统,包括:
电池模块,所述电池模块具有壳体、电池单元和冷却歧管,所述壳体中布置有与所述冷却歧管接触的非导电油,所述电池单元和所述冷却歧管被布置在所述壳体中,所述冷却歧管被构造成接纳通过其中的冷却剂,并且将热能从所述非导电油传导到所述冷却剂中以冷却所述电池模块;
流体联接到所述电池单元的热交换器,所述热交换器被构造成在其中接纳来自所述电池模块的冷却剂,并且从流过其中的所述冷却剂吸取热能;
流体联接到所述热交换器的冷板,所述冷板被构造成从流过其中的所述冷却剂吸取热能;
流体联接在所述冷板和泵之间的储存器,所述储存器被构造成从所述冷板接纳所述冷却剂,并且将所述冷却剂送到所述泵;以及
进一步流体联接到所述电池模块的所述泵,所述泵被构造成将所述冷却剂从所述储存器泵送到所述电池模块中。
16.一种用于冷却电池模块的方法,所述电池模块具有壳体、电池单元和冷却歧管,所述方法包括:
将热能从所述电池单元传导到布置在所述壳体中的非导电油;以及
在所述冷却歧管中接纳流体,并且将热能从所述非导电油传导到所述流体中,以冷却所述壳体中的所述电池单元。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中,所述流体是制冷剂。
18.根据权利要求17所述的方法,进一步包括:
利用温度传感器产生指示所述非导电油的温度的第一信号;以及
当所述第一信号指示所述非导电油的温度大于阈值温度水平时,利用微处理器产生第二信号,以引发压缩器将所述制冷剂泵送通过所述冷却歧管。
19.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中所述流体是冷却剂。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法,进一步包括:
利用温度传感器产生指示所述非导电油的温度的第一信号;以及
当所述第一信号指示所述非导电油的温度大于阈值温度水平时,利用微处理器产生第二信号,以引发泵将所述冷却剂泵送通过所述冷却歧管。
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PCT/KR2010/002338 WO2010126242A2 (ko) | 2009-04-30 | 2010-04-15 | 전지 시스템, 전지모듈 및 전지모듈을 냉각하기 위한 방법 |
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KR101150248B1 (ko) | 2012-06-12 |
JP2012530330A (ja) | 2012-11-29 |
US20100279153A1 (en) | 2010-11-04 |
KR20100119500A (ko) | 2010-11-09 |
WO2010126242A3 (ko) | 2011-03-31 |
JP5490220B2 (ja) | 2014-05-14 |
EP2426779B1 (en) | 2015-07-08 |
WO2010126242A2 (ko) | 2010-11-04 |
CN102414908B (zh) | 2014-04-16 |
EP2426779A4 (en) | 2014-01-22 |
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US8663828B2 (en) | 2014-03-04 |
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