WO2015120742A1 - 一种汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统 - Google Patents

一种汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015120742A1
WO2015120742A1 PCT/CN2014/094691 CN2014094691W WO2015120742A1 WO 2015120742 A1 WO2015120742 A1 WO 2015120742A1 CN 2014094691 W CN2014094691 W CN 2014094691W WO 2015120742 A1 WO2015120742 A1 WO 2015120742A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fire extinguishing
battery
bag
battery module
fire
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/094691
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李书福
Original Assignee
浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司
浙江吉利控股集团有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201410049698.6A external-priority patent/CN103825059B/zh
Application filed by 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司, 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 filed Critical 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司
Priority to ES14882718T priority Critical patent/ES2905854T3/es
Priority to US15/115,556 priority patent/US10035032B2/en
Priority to JP2016549798A priority patent/JP6228319B2/ja
Priority to EP14882718.1A priority patent/EP3107145B1/en
Publication of WO2015120742A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015120742A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
    • A62C35/10—Containers destroyed or opened by flames or heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vehicle battery protection technology in a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, and more particularly to a thermal management and automatic fire extinguishing system for a vehicle battery.
  • Car batteries generate heat when they work. If the temperature is too high, it will directly affect the working performance and life of the battery, and even cause safety accidents such as overheating, electrolyte overflow, fire, explosion and so on.
  • car and battery manufacturers spare no effort to adopt various measures, such as the design of various anti-collision structures, the selection of flame retardant materials, the placement of car batteries in a relatively safe position, and the control strategy.
  • Protect the safety of car batteries However, once the car battery is on fire, the above measures are basically ineffective. Therefore, when the car battery is in danger, how to ensure the safety of the car battery and the vehicle, and give the passenger enough escape time, etc. is particularly important.
  • the cooling system is set to cool the car battery, so that it is a better solution to use the cooling system to extinguish the car when it is overheated or caught due to some incomplete controllable causes such as collision or short circuit.
  • the cooling liquid of the cooling system needs to satisfy both the cooling effect on the automobile battery and the fire extinguishing function, so that the material of the cooling liquid is required to be high.
  • the existing cooling system needs to be modified, resulting in a complicated overall scheme.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a thermal management and automatic fire extinguishing system technology for a car battery with a simple solution.
  • the present invention provides a thermal management and automatic fire extinguishing system for a car battery for managing a car battery in a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, including:
  • a fire extinguishing bag adjacent to or in contact with the car battery, the fire extinguishing bag being filled with a fire extinguishing agent;
  • the fire extinguishing bag is configured to open the fire extinguishing bag when the temperature of the car battery is higher than a preset temperature Thereby the extinguishing agent can be released to fill the space in which the car battery is located.
  • the fire extinguishing package includes an upper fire extinguishing bag and a lower fire extinguishing bag, wherein the upper fire extinguishing bag is coated on an upper surface of each of the car battery and a battery module composed of the car battery, A lower fire extinguishing bag is coated on each of the car battery and a lower surface of the battery module composed of the car battery.
  • At least a part of the material of the upper fire extinguishing bag is selected as a plastic or a resin, and when the temperature of the automobile battery is higher than a preset temperature, at least a part of the upper fire extinguishing bag is heated into a fluid state by the automobile battery, so that the fire extinguishing agent can Released to fill the space where the car battery is located.
  • the melting point of the at least a portion of the material of the upper fire extinguishing bag is in the range of 85 ° C to 95 ° C, and the melting point of the lower fire extinguishing bag material is higher than the melting point of the at least a portion of the material.
  • the upper fire extinguishing bag and the lower fire extinguishing bag are in communication with each other, and
  • the upper fire extinguishing package is respectively connected with a pump, and the pumping unit of the pump can press the fire extinguishing agent in the upper fire extinguishing bag to heat or cool the battery module;
  • the lower fire extinguishing bag has a pump connected in parallel, The pump of the pump presses the fire extinguishing agent in the lower fire extinguishing bag to heat or cool the battery module.
  • the plastic is an EVA plastic
  • the resin is an ABS/PC alloy
  • the fire extinguishing agent is selected to be silicone oil or transformer oil.
  • thermal management and automatic fire extinguishing system of the automobile battery further includes:
  • the upper fire extinguishing bag can be coated on or detached from the battery module by opening the upper cover; the lower fire cover can be covered by opening the lower cover Pulling on or from the battery module.
  • thermal management and automatic fire extinguishing system of the automobile battery further includes:
  • connection line between the battery module and the electrical component.
  • the insulating layer is an acrylic resin.
  • the fire extinguishing bag when the temperature of the automobile battery is higher than the preset temperature, the fire extinguishing bag is opened, so that the fire extinguishing agent filled in the fire extinguishing bag can be released to fill the space where the automobile battery is located.
  • the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing bag can be released and filled into the space where the car battery is located to extinguish the fire, thereby achieving the effect of automatically preventing combustion and fire extinguishing of the car battery.
  • the thermal management and automatic fire extinguishing system of the automobile battery of the invention has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, low cost and strong versatility, and can be directly installed on the automobile without modifying the existing automobile battery cooling system.
  • the fire extinguishing bag is disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the automobile battery or the battery module, so that the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing bag provides the fire extinguishing function while the fire extinguishing bag It can also fix or buffer the car battery or battery module itself.
  • the upper fire extinguishing bag and the lower fire extinguishing bag which are coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the battery module can not only extinguish the fire, but also serve the fire extinguishing package and the lower
  • the fire extinguishing packs are respectively connected with a pump, and the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing bag and the lower fire extinguishing bag can jointly adjust the temperature of the car battery or the battery module through the pumping pressure of the pump, thereby heating or cooling the battery module to fit. The temperature at which it works.
  • the fire extinguishing bag can provide sufficient fire extinguishing effect, the fire extinguishing bag can only adjust the temperature without releasing the fire extinguishing agent, and the fire extinguishing agent material can be greatly reduced. Requirements.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a fire extinguishing package and a car battery in a thermal management of an automobile battery and an automatic fire extinguishing system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a fire extinguishing package and a battery module in a thermal management of an automobile battery and an automatic fire extinguishing system according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a battery pack case in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the positional relationship between a battery module and a fire extinguishing bag in a battery module mounting area according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the principles in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a thermal management and automatic fire extinguishing system for a car battery of a car battery 10 for managing a car battery 10 in a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, the thermal management and automatic fire extinguishing system of the car battery including fire extinguishing
  • the package 20, the fire extinguishing bag 20 is adjacent to or in contact with the car battery 10, and the fire extinguishing bag 20 is filled with a fire extinguishing agent.
  • the fire extinguishing bag 20 is opened when the temperature of the car battery 10 is higher than a preset temperature, so that the fire extinguishing agent can be released to fill the space in which the car battery 10 is located.
  • Adjacent or contact here depends on the sensitivity of the fire extinguishing pack material to the preset temperature. In this way, when the automobile battery 10 is burned by fire due to an abnormal cause such as a collision or a short circuit, the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing bag 20 can be released and filled into the space where the automobile battery 10 is located to extinguish the fire, thereby achieving automatic combustion prevention of the automobile battery 10.
  • the effect of fire extinguishing effectively protects the car battery 10 and the entire vehicle, and reserves more escape time for the occupants, which improves the safety of the vehicle.
  • the thermal management and automatic fire extinguishing system 10 of the automobile battery of the automobile battery of the present invention is simple and reliable in structure, low in cost, and versatile, and is independent of the existing automobile battery cooling system, and does not require an existing automobile battery.
  • the cooling system was retrofitted.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the positional relationship of a fire extinguishing pack 20 and a vehicle battery 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fire extinguishing pack 20 is used to extinguish a single automobile battery 10.
  • each of the car batteries 10 has a corresponding fire extinguishing bag 20, and when the car battery 10 temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the fire extinguishing bag 20 corresponding thereto is opened, so that the fire extinguishing agent can be released and filled to the car battery 10 The space in which it is used for precise fire fighting.
  • the automobile battery 10 is generally disposed in the battery case 100, and is connected to each other by a circuit connecting board into a battery module, and the automobile battery 10 itself may be a single battery or A battery pack consisting of a plurality of single cells.
  • 2 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a fire extinguishing package and a battery module in a thermal management and automatic fire extinguishing system of a vehicle battery according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fire extinguishing package 20 is used to constitute the automobile battery 10
  • the battery module is used to extinguish the fire.
  • FIG. 2 exemplarily shows a battery module composed of three car batteries 10, and a fire extinguishing bag corresponding to the battery module, which has the same preset as the car battery 10 temperature.
  • more or fewer numbers of car batteries 10 that make up the battery module may be provided.
  • more fire extinguishing packages 20 corresponding to one battery module may be disposed and arranged in other manners than those of FIG. 2, such as the side wall of the car battery 10 adjacent to one battery module. .
  • each car battery 10 Or each battery module has a corresponding fire extinguishing package 20, and when the temperature of the automobile battery 10 or the battery module is higher than a preset temperature, the fire extinguishing bag 20 corresponding thereto is opened, so that the fire extinguishing agent can be released and filled to the The space in which the car battery 10 or the battery module is located extinguishes the car battery 10 or the battery module.
  • the battery case 100 includes three battery module mounting areas 40, and the battery module mounting area 40 is composed of a battery module fixing plate 41, an upper cover 42 and a lower cover (not shown). .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the positional relationship between the battery module 30 and the fire extinguishing bag 20 in a battery module mounting area 40.
  • the battery module mounting area 40 includes a battery module 30 composed of five automobile batteries 10, and an upper fire extinguishing bag 21 and a lower portion are directly connected between the battery module 30 and the upper cover 42 and the lower cover.
  • the fire extinguishing bag 22, the upper fire extinguishing bag 21 and the lower fire extinguishing bag 22 disposed therein can not only quickly sense the temperature of the battery module 30, but also release the fire extinguishing agent to extinguish or cool down, and can effectively fix the battery module 30 or
  • the buffering can reduce the risk of fire of the battery module 30 caused by the collision of the automobile, and can reduce the up and down movement of the battery module 30 due to bumps of the automobile as a whole.
  • a fire extinguishing bag 20 may be directly connected between each of the car battery 10 of the battery module 30 and the upper cover 42 and the lower cover to alleviate the upper and lower jaws of the corresponding car battery 10 caused by the bumps of the car.
  • the fire extinguishing bag 20 is opened when the temperature of the car battery 10 is higher than a preset temperature, so that the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing bag 20 can be released to fill the space where the car battery 10 is located, and the other fire extinguishing bag 20 is Do not release the extinguishing agent.
  • the fire extinguishing pack 20 can more accurately release a single car battery 10 having a temperature higher than a preset temperature.
  • the upper cover 42 is used to cover a battery module 30.
  • the size of the upper cover 42 may be increased to cover the entire upper surface of the battery case 100.
  • the upper fire extinguishing bag 21 can be coated on the upper surface of the battery module 30 or pulled out from the upper surface of the battery module 30.
  • the lower fire extinguishing bag 22 can be coated on the lower surface of the battery module 30 or pulled away from the lower surface of the battery module.
  • the design of the upper cover 42 and the lower cover facilitates the timely replacement of the fire extinguishing bag 20.
  • the bottom portion of the upper fire extinguishing bag 21 at the contact point of the fire extinguishing bag 21 with the automobile battery 10 is selected as plastic or resin.
  • the upper fire extinguishing bag 21 may also be set as a whole.
  • Plastic or resin The choice here is plastic or resin, suitable plastics and resins have Lower melting point.
  • the plastic is EVA plastic, and the melting point of the EVA plastic can be maintained at about 90 ° C by a suitable additive.
  • the resin is an ABS/PC alloy.
  • ABS/PC alloy has good mechanical strength and toughness, can prevent the self-cracking of the upper fire extinguishing bag 21 caused by collision, and the ABS/PC alloy has flame retardancy, which is very suitable for manufacturing the fire extinguishing bag 21 of the invention.
  • the temperature of the battery module 30 is higher than the preset temperature, at least a part of the upper fire extinguishing bag 21, for example, the bottom of the fire extinguishing bag 21 in FIG.
  • the preset temperature here can be set according to the judgment standard of the person skilled in the art regarding the risk of fire of the automobile battery 10, and can be selected, for example, in the range of 85 ° C - 95 ° C.
  • the above plastic or resin is selected as a low melting point material, and the melting point can be determined according to the aforementioned preset temperature, so that the plastic or resin can be in a fluid state when the temperature of the battery module 30 exceeds a preset temperature to extinguish the fire. The agent flows out.
  • the melting point of the at least a portion of the material of the upper fire extinguishing pack 21 is in the range of 85 ° C to 95 ° C, which may match the temperature at which the battery module 30 is at risk of fire.
  • the melting point of the material of the at least one portion of the upper fire extinguishing bag 21 may also be determined according to the temperature at which the different battery modules 30 are at risk of fire.
  • the lower fire extinguishing bag 22 is primarily used to cool the battery module 30 so that the lower fire extinguishing bag 22 there can be selected as a higher melting material.
  • the temperature of the battery module 30 is higher than the preset temperature, the upper fire extinguishing bag 21 is opened for fire extinguishing, and the lower fire extinguishing bag 22 cools the automobile battery 10.
  • the fire extinguishing agent is selected as silicone oil or transformer oil in the present invention.
  • the fire extinguishing agent is released and filled into the space where the battery module 30 is located, the battery module 30 may be unstable or short-circuited. Therefore, in order to reduce the requirements on the purity of the fire extinguishing agent and the conductivity of the material, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connection between the battery modules 30 and the connection between the battery module 30 and the electrical components is performed. An insulating layer is provided on the line.
  • the insulating layer may be provided, or when the connecting wire is an enamel wire having an anti-conductive function, the insulating layer may be provided only on the circuit connecting plate. Since the acrylic resin has excellent temperature resistance and superior insulation and corrosion resistance, in one embodiment the insulating layer is selected to be an acrylic resin. In other embodiments, the insulating layer may also be selected from materials having insulating properties such as polyesterimide or polyimide.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention.
  • the thermal management and automatic fire extinguishing system of the automobile battery of the present invention may further include a cooling circuit 110, a radiator 120 and a pump 130.
  • the cooling circuit 110 connects the upper fire extinguishing pack 21 and the lower fire extinguishing pack 22, and the cooling circuit 110 connects the different battery packs 50.
  • the cooling circuit 110 as a cooling medium can flow in the cooling circuit 110 to absorb the heat radiated from the battery module 30 and bring the heat to the outside of the battery pack 50 for heat dissipation.
  • the cooling medium is transferred to the heat sink 120 outside the battery pack 50 via the cooling circuit 110, and is exchanged with a medium such as air to dissipate heat and cool the cooling medium.
  • the battery module 30 is again cooled via the cooling circuit 110.
  • the pump 130 accelerates the operation to accelerate the flow of the fire extinguishing agent in the upper fire extinguishing bag 21 and the lower fire extinguishing bag 22, thereby cooling the battery module 30.
  • the cooling medium can be stored within the heat sink 120, and the pump 130 draws the cooling medium into the cooling circuit 110 and causes the cooling medium to circulate in the cooling circuit 110.
  • cooling system 100 is mainly used for cooling the battery module 30, it will be appreciated that a heater for heating the cooling medium may also be provided in the cooling circuit 110 to be heated by heating, such as in the case of a vehicle cold start.
  • the cooling medium allows the battery module 30 to reach its suitable operating temperature as quickly as possible.
  • the thermal management and automatic fire suppression system of a car battery may further include a fire monitoring device and a controller.
  • the fire monitoring device is used to monitor the risk of fire or fire of the battery module 30.
  • the controller causes the lower fire extinguishing bag 22 to perform or accelerate the cooling effect when the fire monitoring device detects that the battery module 30 is on fire or has a risk of fire, thereby exerting an effect of extinguishing or preventing fire.
  • the controller can be implemented by a battery management system (BMS).
  • BMS battery management system
  • the battery management system monitors the temperature of the battery module 30 and the pressure in the upper fire extinguishing bag 21 in real time by a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, respectively.
  • the battery management system determines that the battery module 30 is in a fire or has a large fire risk, and the fire extinguishing bag is fired. 21 may have begun fluidizing to release the extinguishing agent to the release mechanism. At this point, the battery management system can send a request to the vehicle controller. A signal is obtained, and the vehicle controller responds to the request signal, thereby controlling the pump 130 to speed up the operation to accelerate the flow of the fire extinguishing agent in the lower fire extinguishing bag 22, thereby cooling the battery module 30. In another embodiment, only the pressure sensor or the temperature sensor may be used as the fire monitoring device.
  • each of the car batteries 10 is provided with a temperature sensor, and each of the upper fire extinguishing bags 21 is provided with a pressure sensor.
  • each of the car batteries 10 is provided with a temperature sensor, and each of the upper fire extinguishing packages 21 is provided with a pressure sensor.
  • each of the battery modules 30 is provided with a temperature sensor, and each of the upper fire extinguishing packages 21 is provided with a pressure sensor for monitoring the temperature of each of the automobile batteries 10 in the battery module.
  • the upper fire extinguishing bag 21 when used to extinguish the fire by the battery module 30, there are two types of temperature sensors, one of which is a total temperature sensor for monitoring each of the battery modules.
  • Another temperature sensor is a sub-temperature sensor that is disposed on each of the car batteries 10 for monitoring the temperature of each of the car batteries 10 in the battery module 30. Only when the temperature monitored by the total temperature sensor and the at least one sub-temperature sensor exceeds the aforementioned preset temperature, it is regarded as one of the conditions for the battery module 30 to ignite, thus preventing the occurrence of the total temperature sensor or the sub-temperature sensor. The fault caused the monitored temperature to be too high.
  • the total temperature sensor or the at least one sub-temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the car battery 10 exceeds the aforementioned preset temperature, it is regarded as one of the conditions for the car battery 10 to catch fire, thereby preventing the total temperature sensor or the sub-temperature sensor from being A situation in which a failure does not work.
  • the fire condition detected above if the pressure in the upper fire extinguishing bag 21 is detected to be significantly reduced, the battery management system determines that the car battery 10 is on fire or has a greater risk of fire, and the fire extinguishing bag 21 may have started fluid. Release the fire extinguishing agent outward.
  • the upper fire extinguishing bag 21 provided on the upper surface of the automobile battery 10 can effectively absorb heat, which serves as a main fire extinguishing action. Moreover, since the fire extinguishing bag 21 contains a large amount of fire extinguishing agent, even if the above fire detecting device and the controller are not working normally, the upper fire extinguishing bag 21 itself is in a fluid state, and the self-cracking can provide a larger amount of the fire extinguishing agent, thereby Extinguish or slow down the fire to a certain extent.
  • the fire extinguishing system may further include a release mechanism, and the upper fire extinguishing bag 21 is disposed in the release mechanism and adjacent to the car battery 10 or the battery module 30, where the proximity refers to the fire extinguishing package 20 and the automobile in FIGS. 1 and 2
  • the battery 10 is directly in contact with each other, but a release mechanism is provided between the upper fire extinguishing bag 21 and the car battery 10 or the battery module 30.
  • the fire extinguishing agent therein is first released to be filled into the releasing mechanism, and the releasing mechanism is selectively opened to indirectly release the fire extinguishing agent to fill the The space in which the car battery 10 or the battery module 30 is located.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统，用于对混合动力车辆或电动车辆中的汽车电池进行管理，包括：灭火包，邻近或接触于汽车电池，所述灭火包内填充有灭火剂；所述灭火包设置成当汽车电池温度高于预设温度时所述灭火包打开，从而灭火剂能释放而充满至汽车电池所在的空间，从而达到了汽车电池自动预防燃烧、灭火的功效，有效地保护了汽车电池及整个车辆，给乘员预留了更多的逃生时间，提高了车辆的安全性。整体而言，本发明的汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统结构简单可靠、成本低、通用性强，无需对现有的汽车电池冷却系统进行改造即可直接安装于汽车上。

Description

一种汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统 技术领域
本发明涉及混合动力车辆或电动车辆中的汽车电池保护技术，特别是涉及一种汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统。
背景技术
对于由汽车电池提供部分或全部动力的车辆，例如纯电动车辆或一些类型的混合动力车辆，通常需要在车辆内布置大容量的汽车电池，以提供足够的瞬时功率和尽可能长的续航里程。
汽车电池在工作时会产生热量，温度过高直接会影响电池的工作性能和寿命，甚至产生过热、电解液溢出、起火、爆炸等安全事故隐患。为了确保汽车电池的安全性，汽车和电池制造商不遗余力地采用各种措施，如各种防撞结构的设计、阻燃材料的选择、将汽车电池布置在相对安全的位置，以及从控制策略上对汽车电池的安全性进行保护。但是，一旦汽车电池起火，以上的措施基本无效。因此，当汽车电池发生危险时，如何确保汽车电池及车辆的安全，给乘客足够的逃生时间等就显得尤为重要。
设置冷却系统以对汽车电池进行降温，从而在汽车电池因为诸如碰撞或短路等一些不完全可控的原因发生过热、起火时使用该冷却系统进行灭火是一种较好的方案。但是，该方案中冷却系统的冷却液需要同时满足能起到对汽车电池的冷却作用和具有灭火功能，从而对冷却液的材料要求较高。并且，该冷却系统若同时具有对汽车电池的冷却作用和灭火功能，需要对现有的冷却系统进行改造，造成整体方案较为复杂。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种方案简便的汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统技术。
特别地，本发明提供一种汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统，用于对混合动力车辆或电动车辆中的汽车电池进行管理，包括：
灭火包，邻近或接触于所述汽车电池，所述灭火包内填充有灭火剂；
所述灭火包设置成，当汽车电池温度高于预设温度时所述灭火包打开， 从而所述灭火剂能释放而充满至所述汽车电池所在的空间。
进一步地，所述灭火包包括上灭火包和下灭火包，其中，所述上灭火包包覆于每个所述汽车电池及由所述汽车电池组成的电池模组的上表面上，所述下灭火包包覆于每个所述汽车电池及由所述汽车电池组成的电池模组的下表面上。
进一步地，所述上灭火包的至少一部分材料选择成塑料或树脂，当汽车电池温度高于预设温度时所述上灭火包的至少一部分被汽车电池加热成流体状态，从而所述灭火剂能释放而充满至所述汽车电池所在的空间。
进一步地，所述上灭火包的所述至少一部分的材料的熔点在85℃-95℃的范围内，所述下灭火包材料的熔点高于所述至少一部分的材料的熔点。
进一步地，所述上灭火包与所述下灭火包相互连通，并且
所述上灭火包分别并联有泵，通过所述泵的泵压所述上灭火包内的灭火剂能对所述电池模组进行加热或冷却；所述下灭火包分别并联有泵，通过所述泵的泵压所述下灭火包内的灭火剂能对所述电池模组进行加热或冷却。
进一步地，所述塑料为EVA塑料，所述树脂为ABS/PC合金。
进一步地，所述灭火剂选择为硅油或变压器油。
进一步地，汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统还包括：
布置于电池包箱体上的上盖和下盖；
通过打开所述上盖，能将所述上灭火包包覆于所述电池模组上或从所述电池模组上抽离；通过打开所述下盖，能将所述下灭火包包覆于所述电池模组上或从所述电池模组上抽离。
进一步地，汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统还包括：
绝缘层，设置于各所述电池模组之间的电路连接板上，或者/和
所述电池模组与用电元件之间的连接线上。
进一步地，所述绝缘层为丙烯酸树脂。
按照本发明的汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统，当汽车电池温度高于预设温度时灭火包打开，从而灭火包内填充的灭火剂能释放而充满至所述汽车电池所在的空间。这样，当汽车电池因碰撞、短路等异常原因而致着火燃烧时，灭火包内的灭火剂能释放而充满到汽车电池所在的空间来进行灭火，从而达到了汽车电池自动预防燃烧、灭火的功效，有效地保护了汽车电池及整个车辆，给乘员预留了更多的逃生时间，提高了车辆的安全性。整体而言， 本发明的汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统结构简单可靠、成本低、通用性强，无需对现有的汽车电池冷却系统进行改造即可直接安装于汽车上。
按照本发明的汽车电池的汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统，进一步地，灭火包布置在汽车电池或电池模组的上下表面，从而灭火包内的灭火剂在提供灭火功能的同时，灭火包本身还能对汽车电池或电池模组进行固定或缓冲。
按照本发明的汽车电池的汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统，进一步地，包覆于电池模组上下表面的上灭火包和下灭火包不仅能起到灭火作用，并且由于上灭火包和下灭火包分别并联有泵，通过所述泵的泵压作用上灭火包和下灭火包内的灭火剂能共同调节汽车电池或电池模组的温度，从而起到将电池模组加热或冷却至适合其工作的温度。并且，由于是并联的方式，即使有个别的上灭火包或下灭火包内的灭火剂破裂流出，也不影响其余灭火包继续发挥灭火和调节温度的作用。并且，可以根据需要，在上灭火包能起到足够的灭火作用时，下灭火包可以仅起到调节温度作用而不需发生破裂来释放灭火剂，此时能大大减小对下灭火包材料的要求。
根据下文结合附图对本发明具体实施例的详细描述，本领域技术人员将会更加明了本发明的上述以及其他目的、优点和特征。
附图说明
后文将参照附图以示例性而非限制性的方式详细描述本发明的一些具体实施例。附图中相同的附图标记标示了相同或类似的部件或部分。本领域技术人员应该理解，这些附图未必是按比例绘制的。附图中：
图1是根据本发明一个实施例的汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统中灭火包与汽车电池的位置关系示意图；
图2是根据本发明另一个实施例的汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统中灭火包与电池模组的位置关系示意图；
图3是根据本发明一个实施例的电池包箱体的示意图；
图4是根据本发明一个实施例的电池模组安装区域内电池模组与灭火包的位置关系示意图；
图5是根据本发明一个实施例的原理示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例提供一种汽车电池10的汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统，用于对混合动力车辆或电动车辆中的汽车电池10进行管理，该汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统包括灭火包20，灭火包20邻近或接触于所述汽车电池10，所述灭火包20内填充有灭火剂。当汽车电池10温度高于预设温度时所述灭火包20打开，从而所述灭火剂能释放而充满至所述汽车电池10所在的空间。此处邻近或接触取决于灭火包材料对预设温度的敏感程度。这样，当汽车电池10因碰撞、短路等异常原因而致着火燃烧时，灭火包20内的灭火剂能释放而充满到汽车电池10所在的空间来进行灭火，从而达到了汽车电池10自动预防燃烧、灭火的功效，有效地保护了汽车电池10及整个车辆，给乘员预留了更多的逃生时间，提高了车辆的安全性。根据本实施例，本发明的汽车电池的汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统10结构简单可靠、成本低、通用性强，与现有的汽车电池冷却系统相独立，无需对现有的汽车电池冷却系统进行改造。
图1示出了按照本发明一实施例的灭火包20与汽车电池10的位置关系示意图，在该实施例中灭火包20用于对单个的汽车电池10进行灭火。这样，每个汽车电池10均具有一个对应的灭火包20，当该汽车电池10温度高于预设温度时与其对应的灭火包20打开，从而所述灭火剂能释放而充满至该汽车电池10所在的空间来进行精准灭火。
可以理解，对于对混合动力车辆或电动车辆来说，汽车电池10通常是设置在电池包箱体100内，相互以电路连接板连接成电池模组，并且汽车电池10本身可以为一个单电池或由多个单电池组成的一个电池组。图2是根据本发明另一个实施例的汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统中灭火包与电池模组的位置关系示意图，在该实施例中灭火包20用于对由所述汽车电池10组成的电池模组进行灭火。图2中示例性地画出了由三个汽车电池10组成的电池模组，以及与该电池模组相对应的上下各一个的灭火包，该电池模组具有与汽车电池10相同的预设温度。在其它实施例中，也可以设置更多或更少个组成电池模组的汽车电池10的数量。或者，在其它实施例中，也可以设置与一个电池模组对应的更多个灭火包20，并以不同于图2的其它方式布置，例如靠近一个电池模组的汽车电池10的侧壁设置。对照图1和图2可知，根据本发明的汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统，每个汽车电池10 或每个电池模组均具有对应的灭火包20，当该汽车电池10或电池模组温度高于预设温度时与其对应的灭火包20打开，从而所述灭火剂能释放而充满至所述汽车电池10或电池模组所在的空间对汽车电池10或电池模组进行灭火。
图3是根据本发明一个实施例的电池包箱体100的示意图。在图3中，电池包箱体100包括三个电池模组安装区域40，并且电池模组安装区域40由电池模组固定板41、上盖42及下盖(图中未示出)的组成。
图4示出了一个电池模组安装区域40内电池模组30与灭火包20的位置关系示意图。如图4所示，电池模组安装区域40内包括由五个汽车电池10组成的电池模组30，在电池模组30与上盖42和下盖之间直接连接有上灭火包21和下灭火包22，此处设置的上灭火包21和下灭火包22不但能较为迅速的感知电池模组30的温度从而释放灭火剂进行灭火或降温，并且能有效的对电池模组30进行固定或缓冲，从而能够降低汽车碰撞而造成电池模组30起火的风险，并且能够从整体上减小由于汽车颠簸而造成的电池模组30上下窜动。在该设计中，当电池模组30温度高于预设温度时至少一个上灭火包21或下灭火包22打开，从而该灭火包内的灭火剂能释放而充满至整个电池模组30所在的空间。在其它实施例中，可以在电池模组30的每个汽车电池10与上盖42和下盖之间直接连接有灭火包20，来减轻由于汽车颠簸而造成的对应的汽车电池10的上下窜动，并且当该汽车电池10温度高于预设温度时该灭火包20打开，从而该灭火包20内的灭火剂能释放而充满至该汽车电池10所在的空间，而其它的灭火包20并不释放灭火剂。这样，灭火包20能更为准确的对温度高于预设温度的单个汽车电池10释放。
回到图3，在图3中，上盖42用于覆盖住一个电池模组30。在其它实施例中，可以加大上盖42的尺寸，从而覆盖整个电池包箱体100的上表面。通过打开所述上盖42，能将上灭火包21包覆于电池模组30的上表面上或从电池模组30的上表面上抽离。通过打开所述下盖，能将下灭火包22包覆于电池模组30的下表面上或从所述电池模组的下表面上抽离。上盖42及下盖的设计方便及时对灭火包20进行更换。
在图4所示的实施例中，上灭火包21与汽车电池10接触处即上灭火包21的底部选择为塑料或树脂，在其它实施例中，也可以将上灭火包21整体均设置为塑料或树脂。此处选择为塑料或树脂在于，合适的塑料和树脂具有 较低的熔点。仅作为一种示意性的举例，当所述上灭火包21的所述至少一部分的材料为塑料时，所述塑料为EVA塑料，通过合适的添加剂EVA塑料的熔点可以保持在90℃左右。仅作为一种示意性的举例，当上灭火包21的所述至少一部分的材料为树脂时，所述树脂为ABS/PC合金。ABS/PC合金具有良好的机械强度和韧性，能防止碰撞造成的上灭火包21自裂，同时ABS/PC合金具有阻燃性，非常适合制造成本发明的上灭火包21。当电池模组30温度高于预设温度时所述上灭火包21的至少一部分例如图2中上灭火包21的底部被电池模组30加热成流体状态，从而该灭火包内的灭火剂能释放而充满至电池模组30所在的空间。此处预设温度可以根据本领域技术人员对汽车电池10发生起火危险的判断标准来进行设定，例如可以在85℃-95℃的范围内选择。上述塑料或树脂均选择为低熔点的材料，并且该熔点可以根据前述的预设温度来确定，从而使得上述塑料或树脂能够在电池模组30的温度超过预设温度时成流体状态来使灭火剂流淌出来。在本发明的一个实施例中，上灭火包21的所述至少一部分的材料的熔点在85℃-95℃的范围内，这样可以与电池模组30发生起火危险的温度相匹配。当然，在其它实施例中，还可以根据不同电池模组30发生起火危险的温度来确定上灭火包21的所述至少一部分的材料的熔点。
在图4及图5所示实施例中，下灭火包22主要用于冷却电池模组30，从而该处的下灭火包22可以选择为较高熔点的材料。或者，该处的下灭火包22具有冷却作用和如同上灭火包21那样的灭火功能，此时下灭火包22材料熔点稍高于上灭火包21所述至少一部分的材料的熔点。当电池模组30温度高于预设温度时上灭火包21打开灭火，下灭火包22对汽车电池10进行冷却，若温度持续上升至下灭火包22的材料熔点时，该下灭火包22破裂灭火。关于下灭火包22所起的冷却作用，下文做详细的叙述。
由于硅油或变压器油在常温常压下具有良好的阻燃和绝缘性能，所述在本发明中灭火剂选择为硅油或变压器油。在灭火剂中有杂质或灭火剂本身为导电材质时，在所述灭火剂释放而充满至电池模组30所在的空间时，有可能引起电池模组30供电不稳或短路起火。所以，为了降低对灭火剂纯度及材质导电性的要求，在本发明的一个优选实施例中在各电池模组30之间的电路连接板上和电池模组30与用电元件之间的连接线上均设置绝缘层。当所述电路连接板本身就具有防导电措施时，也可以仅在所述连接线上设置所 述绝缘层，或者当所述连接线为具有防导电功能的漆包线时，也可以仅在所述电路连接板上设置所述绝缘层。由于丙烯酸树脂具有很好的耐温性和优越的绝缘和防腐蚀性，在一个实施例中所述绝缘层选择为丙烯酸树脂。在其它实施例中，所述绝缘层也可以选择为聚酯亚胺或聚酰亚胺等具有绝缘性能的材质。
图5是本发明的一个原理示意图，如图5所示，本发明的汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统还可以包括冷却回路110，散热器120及泵130。在每个电池包50内，冷却回路110将上灭火包21和下灭火包22连通，并且冷却回路110将不同电池包50连通。冷却回路110灭火剂作为冷却介质可以在冷却回路110中流动，以便在电池模组30处吸收其散发出的热量，并将热量带到电池包50的外部进行散热。冷却介质在电池模组30处吸收热量升温后，经由冷却回路110传输至电池包50外部的散热器120，并在此处与例如空气等介质进行换热，使得冷却介质散热并降温，从而能够经由冷却回路110再次对电池模组30进行冷却。随着电池模组30温度的升高，泵130加快工作而使上灭火包21及下灭火包22内的灭火剂加快流动，从而对所述电池模组30进行降温。在图5所示实施例中，冷却介质可以储存在散热器120内，并由泵130将冷却介质泵吸到冷却回路110中且使得冷却介质在冷却回路110中循环流动。尽管该冷却系统100主要用于对电池模组30的冷却，但是可以理解，也可以在冷却回路110中设置用于加热冷却介质的加热器，以便在诸如车辆冷车启动等情形下，通过加热冷却介质而使得电池模组30能够尽可能快地达到其适合的工作温度。
在一个优选实施例中，按照本发明的汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统还可以包括起火监测装置和控制器。起火监测装置用于监测所述电池模组30的起火或起火风险。控制器在所述起火监测装置监测到所述电池模组30起火或者有起火风险的情况下使得下灭火包22进行或加快冷却作用，从而起到灭火或防火的效果。控制器可以由电池管理系统(BMS)来实现。在工作时，电池管理系统通过温度传感器和压力传感器分别对电池模组30的温度和上灭火包21内的压力进行实时监测。当电池模组30的温度超过前述的预设温度且上灭火包21内的压力有明显降低时，则电池管理系统判断此时电池模组30起火或有较大的起火风险，而且上灭火包21可能已经开始流体化而向释放机构释放灭火剂。此时，电池管理系统可以向整车控制器发送一请 求信号，整车控制器响应该请求信号，从而控制泵130加快工作而使下灭火包22内的灭火剂加快流动，从而对所述电池模组30进行降温。在另一实施例中，也可以仅用压力传感器或温度传感器作为起火监测装置，此时，可以仅根据电池模组30的温度或上灭火包21内压力来判断电池模组30是否起火或有起火风险。在其它实施例中，也可以采用其它合适的监测装置例如火焰监测装置来做为这里的起火监测装置。
在一个优选实施例中，在上灭火包21用于对单个的汽车电池10进行灭火时，每个汽车电池10上均设置有一个温度传感器，每个上灭火包21内均设置有一个压力传感器。在另一个实施例中，在上灭火包21用于对电池模组30进行灭火时，每个汽车电池10上均设置有一个温度传感器，每个上灭火包21内均设置有一个压力传感器。或者，每个电池模组30上均设置有一个温度传感器，每个上灭火包21内均设置有一个压力传感器，该温度传感器用于监测电池模组内每个汽车电池10的温度。在又一个实施例中，在上灭火包21用于对由电池模组30进行灭火时，具有两个类型的温度传感器，其中一个温度传感器为总温度传感器，用于监测电池模组内每个汽车电池10的温度。另一个温度传感器为子温度传感器，设置于每个汽车电池10上，用于监测电池模组30内每个汽车电池10的温度。只有当总温度传感器和至少一个子温度传感器均监测到的温度均超过前述的预设温度时，才视为电池模组30起火的条件之一，这样可以防止总温度传感器或子温度传感器的出现故障而使监测到的温度过高。或者，当总温度传感器或至少一个子温度传感器监测到汽车电池10的温度超过前述的预设温度时，均视为汽车电池10起火的条件之一，这样可以防止总温度传感器或子温度传感器的出现故障无法工作的情况。根据上述监测到的起火条件，若同时监测到上灭火包21内的压力有明显降低时，则电池管理系统判断汽车电池10起火或有较大的起火风险，而且上灭火包21可能已经开始流体化而向外释放灭火剂。在图2中，由于热空气向上流动，设置于汽车电池10的上表面的上灭火包21能有效的吸热，其起到主要的灭火作用。并且，由于该上灭火包21中容纳大量的灭火剂，即使上述的起火监测装置和控制器不能正常工作，上灭火包21自身成流体状态而致自裂就可以提供较大量的灭火剂，从而在一定程度上进行灭火或缓减火势。
在图中未示出的一个实施例中，按照本发明的汽车电池的热管理与自动 灭火系统还可以包括释放机构，上灭火包21设置于所述释放机构中且邻近于所述汽车电池10或电池模组30，此处邻近是指与图1和图2中灭火包20与汽车电池10直接接触不同，而是在上灭火包21与所述汽车电池10或电池模组30之间设置了释放机构。当上灭火包21被加热成流体状态时，其内的灭火剂首先被释放而充满至所述释放机构内，所述释放机构选择性的打开而使所述灭火剂间接释放而充满至所述汽车电池10或电池模组30所在的空间。
至此，本领域技术人员应认识到，虽然本文已详尽示出和描述了本发明的多个示例性实施例，但是，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的情况下，仍可根据本发明公开的内容直接确定或推导出符合本发明原理的许多其他变型或修改。因此，本发明的范围应被理解和认定为覆盖了所有这些其他变型或修改。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统，用于对混合动力车辆或电动车辆中的汽车电池进行管理，包括：
    灭火包，邻近或接触于所述汽车电池，所述灭火包内填充有灭火剂；
    所述灭火包设置成，当汽车电池温度高于预设温度时所述灭火包打开，从而所述灭火剂能释放而充满至所述汽车电池所在的空间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中，
    所述灭火包包括上灭火包和下灭火包，其中，所述上灭火包包覆于每个所述汽车电池及由所述汽车电池组成的电池模组的上表面上，所述下灭火包包覆于每个所述汽车电池及由所述汽车电池组成的电池模组的下表面上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的系统，其中，
    所述上灭火包的至少一部分材料选择成塑料或树脂，当汽车电池温度高于预设温度时所述上灭火包的至少一部分被汽车电池加热成流体状态，从而所述灭火剂能释放而充满至所述汽车电池所在的空间。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的系统，其中，
    所述上灭火包的所述至少一部分的材料的熔点在85℃-95℃的范围内，所述下灭火包材料的熔点高于所述至少一部分的材料的熔点。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的系统，其中，
    所述上灭火包与所述下灭火包相互连通，并且
    所述上灭火包分别并联有泵，通过所述泵的泵压所述上灭火包内的灭火剂能对所述电池模组进行加热或冷却；所述下灭火包分别并联有泵，通过所述泵的泵压所述下灭火包内的灭火剂能对所述电池模组进行加热或冷却。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的系统，其中，
    所述塑料为EVA塑料，所述树脂为ABS/PC合金。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中，
    所述灭火剂选择为硅油或变压器油。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的系统，还包括布置于电池包箱体上的上盖和下盖；
    其中，通过打开所述上盖，能将所述上灭火包包覆于所述电池模组上或从所述电池模组上抽离；通过打开所述下盖，能将所述下灭火包包覆于所述 电池模组上或从所述电池模组上抽离。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，还包括：
    绝缘层，设置于各所述电池模组之间的电路连接板上，或者/和
    所述电池模组与用电元件之间的连接线上。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的系统，其中，
    所述绝缘层为丙烯酸树脂。
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