CN114678645B - 一种锂电池智能化热控制防爆安全保护装置 - Google Patents

一种锂电池智能化热控制防爆安全保护装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN114678645B
CN114678645B CN202210382926.6A CN202210382926A CN114678645B CN 114678645 B CN114678645 B CN 114678645B CN 202210382926 A CN202210382926 A CN 202210382926A CN 114678645 B CN114678645 B CN 114678645B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
lithium battery
protective shell
explosion
heat exchange
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202210382926.6A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN114678645A (zh
Inventor
彭剑
耿祥轩
陈佳杰
陈卓
季新新
缪新婷
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Changzhou University
Original Assignee
Changzhou University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Changzhou University filed Critical Changzhou University
Priority to CN202210382926.6A priority Critical patent/CN114678645B/zh
Publication of CN114678645A publication Critical patent/CN114678645A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN114678645B publication Critical patent/CN114678645B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/488—Cells or batteries combined with indicating means for external visualization of the condition, e.g. by change of colour or of light density
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6562—Gases with free flow by convection only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • H01M10/6571—Resistive heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • H01M10/6572—Peltier elements or thermoelectric devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/227—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/231—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种锂电池智能化热控制防爆安全保护装置，具有外保护壳、内保护壳、防爆换热模块及安装外保护壳顶部表面的温度控制器、三色警示灯和蜂鸣器，内保护壳的内侧面固定有温度传感器，内保护壳的外侧面盘绕安装有加热电阻丝并固定有与防爆换热模块连接的半导体制冷片；外保护壳外侧设有安全脱离模块，所述安全脱离模块具有在锂电池爆燃状态下将锂电池抛离车辆的弹簧；所述的三色警示灯、蜂鸣器与温度控制器线路连接，温度控制器接收并处理温度传感器的信号。本发明可以实时监测锂电池的温度并对锂电池进行智能化热控制，确保锂电池处于最佳工作温度，判断并预警锂电池使用过程中的危险程度，确保车辆与使用者的人身安全，减小危害。

Description

一种锂电池智能化热控制防爆安全保护装置
技术领域
本发明涉及锂电池技术领域，尤其是一种锂电池智能化热控制防爆安全保护装置。
背景技术
锂电池作为重要的清洁能源之一，广泛应用于新能源汽车与电动自行车，随着“碳达峰、碳中和”的推进，锂电池的市场需求将呈现指数式上升趋势。
在锂电池使用过程中，因锂电池安全问题产生的事故也在不断地提高。其中电动自行车、新能源汽车等包含锂电池储能设备的火灾爆炸事故呈增长态势。因此，锂电池的安全性成为制约锂电池行业健康发展的关键问题，一旦锂电池发生爆燃等事故，将严重危害人们的生命与财产安全。
目前，锂电池应用过程中主要存在如下问题：
（1）关键安全性问题，锂电池爆燃会产生爆炸危害，急需创新设计锂电池安全保护壳体；
（2）工作温度过高，影响锂电池寿命，而工作温度过低，则影响锂电池续航，急需建立锂电池的温度主动控制系统；
（3）市场上缺乏具备主动安全、主动预警、主动温度控制的锂电池安全保护产品。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是：为了克服现有技术中之不足，本发明提供一种锂电池智能化热控制防爆安全保护装置，以解决锂电池因缺乏主动温控装置而存在的能源利用率不足，以及因缺乏安全保护装置而存在的由爆燃引起的危害事故等问题。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种锂电池智能化热控制防爆安全保护装置，具有外保护壳、设在外保护壳内内置有锂电池的内保护壳，所述的外保护壳与内保护壳之间安装有防爆换热模块，外保护壳的顶部表面固定有温度控制器、三色警示灯及蜂鸣器，内保护壳的内侧面固定有温度传感器，内保护壳的外侧面盘绕安装有加热电阻丝并固定有与防爆换热模块连接的半导体制冷片；外保护壳外侧设有安全脱离模块，所述安全脱离模块具有在锂电池爆燃状态下将锂电池抛离车辆的弹簧；所述的三色警示灯、蜂鸣器与温度控制器线路连接，温度控制器接收并处理温度传感器的信号。
所述的内保护壳的内侧面涂覆有陶瓷化硅橡胶防火层，遇火燃烧陶瓷化硅橡胶形成坚硬的陶瓷化壳体，防止火势蔓延。
具体说，所述防爆换热模块包括蜂窝防爆板，蜂窝防爆板用于吸收锂电池爆燃时产生的冲击波，达到减震防爆的效果；蜂窝防爆板内部的蜂窝形成空气流动的换热流道，换热流道的蜂窝口处安装有由温度控制器控制开闭的控制拨片，当锂电池工作温度过高时，所述控制拨片开启，自然风流入换热流道进行对流换热实现降温；而当锂电池温度过低时，所述控制拨片关闭，所述换热流道无空气流动对锂电池进行保温。
进一步地，当半导体制冷片有电流通过时，半导体制冷片内部产生热量转移形成冷热端，其中半导体制冷片的冷端贴在内保护壳外侧面用于对锂电池的主动降温，半导体制冷片的热端与防爆换热模块的换热流道连接，依托防爆换热模块的换热流道对半导体制冷片的热端进行降温。
所述的安全脱离模块包括与外保护壳外侧面相距设置的弹簧挡板，所述弹簧挡板与外保护壳之间安装有固定轴，锂电池正常状态下所述弹簧套装在固定轴上被压紧于弹簧挡板与外保护壳之间。
本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明采用半导体制冷片和加热电阻丝与锂电池连接形成主动热控制结构，维持锂电池处于最佳工作温度范围：当锂电池温度过高时，开启防爆换热模块的控制拨片，防爆换热模块的换热流道开始工作，并采用半导体制冷片以主动降温方式实现锂电池的高效散热；当锂电池温度过低时，关闭防爆换热模块的控制拨片，形成锂电池保温腔体，并采用加热电阻丝，以主动加温的方式实现锂电池的高效升温，从而维持锂电池处于最佳工作温度范围。
2、本发明中的防爆换热模块包含蜂窝防爆板、换热流道与控制拨片，可实现锂电池防爆与热控制的协同功能：蜂窝防爆板承受力强，能够有效吸收冲击波，并节省材料、轻量化；蜂窝状的换热流道可大大增加换热面积，锂电池及半导体制冷片产生的热量传递到换热流道，通过换热流道的换热表面进行有效的散热；控制拨片可根据锂电池温度状态开启或关闭，从而实现换热流道的换热与保温功能。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
图2是本发明层次爆炸示意图。
图3是本发明的侧视剖面结构示意图。
图4是图3中A处的放大结构示意图。
图5是本发明所述防爆换热模块的结构示意图。
图6是本发明所述安全脱离模块的结构示意图。
图7是本发明的工作原理图。
图中：1.温度控制器， 2.蜂鸣器， 3.三色警示灯， 4.温度传感器， 5.陶瓷化硅橡胶防火层， 6.内保护壳， 7.导线， 8.半导体制冷片， 9.加热电阻丝， 10.防爆换热模块，11.外保护壳， 12.弹簧， 13.弹簧挡板， 14.固定轴， 15.蜂窝防爆板， 16.换热流道， 17.控制拨片。
实施方式
现在结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的说明。这些附图均为简化的示意图，仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构，因此其仅显示与本发明有关的构成。
如图1～图6所示的一种锂电池智能化热控制防爆安全保护装置，用于车辆所用锂电池的安全保护，具有正方体状的外保护壳11、设在外保护壳11内内置有锂电池的内保护壳6、以及温度监测模块、温度控制模块、预警模块、防爆换热模块10和安全脱离模块。
所述温度监测模块包括温度控制器1、温度传感器4。温度控制器1安装在外保护壳11顶部位置，将所有电器元件进行集中连接控制，温度传感器4在内保护壳6的每个内侧面均布置有四个，每个面分布位置如图1、2中所示，经导线7连接至温度控制器1，位于内保护壳6的六个内侧面的温度传感器4全方位监测锂电池工作温度，并显示在温度控制器1上，对锂电池状态实时全面监测。
所述防爆换热模块10安装在内保护壳6和外保护壳11之间，包括蜂窝防爆板15，蜂窝防爆板15用于吸收锂电池爆燃时产生的冲击波，达到减震防爆的效果；蜂窝防爆板15内部的蜂窝形成空气流动的换热流道16，换热流道16的蜂窝口处安装有由温度控制器1控制开闭的控制拨片17，当锂电池工作温度过高时，所述控制拨片17开启，自然风流入换热流道16进行对流换热实现降温；而当锂电池温度过低时，所述控制拨片17关闭，所述换热流道16无空气流动对锂电池进行保温。
所述温度控制模块包括半导体制冷片8和加热电阻丝9，所述半导体制冷片8用于对锂电池主动降温，
当半导体制冷片8有电流通过时，半导体制冷片内部产生热量转移形成冷热端，其中半导体制冷片8的冷端贴在内保护壳6的外侧面，受散热方式影响只在内保护壳6的四个外侧面即左面、右面、上面和下面布置，半导体制冷片8的热端连接防爆换热模块10，半导体制冷片8的热端产生的热量通过热传导和热对流的方式在防爆换热模块10中散热，加热电阻丝9分布在内保护壳6的外侧面，启动时均匀加热内保护壳6，半导体制冷片8和加热电阻丝9连接至温度控制器1，由温度控制器1集中控制。
所述预警系统包括蜂鸣器2、三色警示灯3，三色警示灯3和蜂鸣器2都固定在外保护壳11的上表面并与温度控制器1连接，由温度控制器1处理温度传感器4的信号，从而控制三色警示灯3的显示颜色，当锂电池温度超过允许温度阈值时接通蜂鸣器2的电路，发出预警声。
所述安全脱离系统包括固定轴14、弹簧12和弹簧挡板13，内保护壳6的内侧面均涂覆有陶瓷化硅橡胶防火层5，当锂电池着火时，火苗首先接触到陶瓷化硅橡胶防火层5，使其凝固阻隔火焰传播；弹簧挡板13与外保护壳11外侧面相距设置，固定轴14安装在弹簧挡板13与外保护壳11之间，其中固定轴14前端与弹簧挡板13焊接固定，正常情况时固定轴14后端与外保护壳11外侧面的连接形式采用快开结构控制，当发生爆燃时驾驶员可根据路况选择按下抛离开关，快开结构将所述的固定轴14的后端和外保护壳11的外侧面进行脱离。
所述弹簧12套装在固定轴14上，所述弹簧12的前端与弹簧挡板13焊接固定，弹簧12后端贴合外保护壳11的外侧面，正常情况下，所述固定轴14将外保护壳11与弹簧挡板13连接从而压紧弹簧12，当发生爆燃时驾驶员可根据路况选择按下抛离开关，通过快开结构将固定轴14与外保护壳11脱离，弹簧12失去压紧作用对保护装置产生弹力而抛离车身。
如图7所示，本发明的工作过程简述如下：
当锂电池处于充电状态时，位于内保护壳6的内侧的温度传感器4实时监测锂电池所处温度状态，当监测到锂电池温度处于最佳工作温度范围内时，三色警示灯3为绿色状态，温度控制模块、预警模块、安全脱离模块处于不工作状态；当监测到锂电池温度过低时，三色警示灯3为黄色状态，触发温度控制系统开始工作，温度控制器1首先关闭防爆换热模块10的控制拨片17，形成锂电池保温腔体，随后温度控制器1接通加热电阻丝9对内保护壳6进行加温，使锂电池温度升高，保持锂电池处于最佳工作温度范围，延长锂电池使用寿命，此时预警模块与安全脱离模块处于不工作状态；若监测到锂电池温度过高，三色警示灯3为黄色状态，触发温度控制模块开始工作，温度控制器1首先开启防爆换热模块10的控制拨片17进行散热降温，同时温度控制器1接通半导体制冷片8开始主动冷却，此时预警模块与安全脱离模块处于不工作状态；若监测到温度急剧升高，超出锂电池的允许温度阈值时，三色警示灯3显示红色，触发预警模块，启动蜂鸣器2，并自动切断充电开关，停止锂电池充电，保护锂电池安全。
当锂电池在运行中处于放电状态时，温度传感器4持续实时监测锂电池运行温度。当监测到锂电池温度处于最佳工作温度范围，三色警示灯3为绿色状态，温度控制模块、预警模块、安全脱离模块处于不工作状态；在寒冷环境工作时，若温度传感器4监测到锂电池工作温度过低影响锂电池续航能力时，三色警示灯3为黄色状态，触发温度控制模块开始工作，温度控制器1首先关闭防爆换热模块10的控制拨片17，形成锂电池保温腔体，随后温度控制器1接通加热电阻丝9对内保护壳6进行加温，使锂电池仓内温度升高，使锂电池处于最佳工作温度范围，延长锂电池使用寿命以及提升锂电池工作续航能力，此时预警模块与安全脱离模块处于不工作状态；若监测到锂电池工作温度过高，三色警示灯3灯为黄色状态，触发温度控制模块开始工作，温度控制器1首先开启防爆换热模块10的控制拨片17，使行驶中由于位移产生的自然对流风进入防爆换热模块10的换热流道16内带走热量，同时温度控制器1接通半导体制冷片8开始主动冷却，达到对锂电池主动降温的目的，此时预警模块与安全脱离模块处于不工作状态；若监测到锂电池工作温度急剧升高，超出锂电池的允许温度阈值时，三色警示灯3显示红色，触发预警模块，启动蜂鸣器2提醒驾驶人员锂电池处于危险状态，同时触发安全脱离模块开始工作，若锂电池出现明火，安全脱离模块中的陶瓷化硅橡胶防火层5受热凝固，形成坚硬的陶瓷化的铠装保护层，阻隔火势蔓延，若锂电池到达爆燃临界，驾驶员可根据路况选择按下抛离开关，固定轴14释放弹簧12，将锂电池仓及保护装置一起抛离车身，避免对人身造成伤害，若锂电池发生爆燃时，内部冲击波首先冲破陶瓷化硅橡胶防火层5，在防爆换热模块10的蜂窝防爆板15的作用下吸收冲击波能量，使锂电池爆燃伤害减弱到最小。
本发明充分利用了半导体制冷片8和加热电阻丝9形成的主动热控制结构维持锂电池处于最佳工作温度范围、防爆换热模块10可实现锂电池防爆与热控制的协同功能等优势，实现了对锂电池的智能化热控制与防爆的功能。
本发明突破了目前锂电池壳体在安全保护与热控制方面的不足，创新性设计了既能够实现锂电池温度控制又可实现锂电池安全保护的装置，为锂电池提供了主动安全、主动预警、主动温度控制的安全保护产品。
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。

Claims (2)

1.一种锂电池智能化热控制防爆安全保护装置，具有外保护壳、设在外保护壳内内置有锂电池的内保护壳，其特征是：所述的内保护壳的内侧面涂覆有陶瓷化硅橡胶防火层，所述的外保护壳与内保护壳之间安装有防爆换热模块，所述防爆换热模块包括蜂窝防爆板，蜂窝防爆板内部的蜂窝形成换热流道，换热流道的蜂窝口处安装有控制拨片，所述控制拨片的开启由温度控制器控制；
外保护壳的顶部表面固定有温度控制器、三色警示灯及蜂鸣器，内保护壳的内侧面固定有温度传感器，内保护壳的外侧面盘绕安装有加热电阻丝并固定有与防爆换热模块连接的半导体制冷片，所述的半导体制冷片的冷端贴在内保护壳外侧面，半导体制冷片的热端与防爆换热模块的换热流道连接；
外保护壳外侧设有安全脱离模块，所述安全脱离模块具有在锂电池爆燃状态下将锂电池抛离车辆的弹簧；所述的三色警示灯、蜂鸣器与温度控制器线路连接，温度控制器接收并处理温度传感器的信号。
2.如权利要求1所述的锂电池智能化热控制防爆安全保护装置，其特征是：所述的安全脱离模块包括与外保护壳外侧面相距设置的弹簧挡板，所述弹簧挡板与外保护壳之间安装有固定轴，锂电池正常状态下所述弹簧套装在固定轴上被压紧于弹簧挡板与外保护壳之间。
CN202210382926.6A 2022-04-13 2022-04-13 一种锂电池智能化热控制防爆安全保护装置 Active CN114678645B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210382926.6A CN114678645B (zh) 2022-04-13 2022-04-13 一种锂电池智能化热控制防爆安全保护装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210382926.6A CN114678645B (zh) 2022-04-13 2022-04-13 一种锂电池智能化热控制防爆安全保护装置

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114678645A CN114678645A (zh) 2022-06-28
CN114678645B true CN114678645B (zh) 2023-06-27

Family

ID=82077638

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210382926.6A Active CN114678645B (zh) 2022-04-13 2022-04-13 一种锂电池智能化热控制防爆安全保护装置

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN114678645B (zh)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10923694B1 (en) * 2016-02-02 2021-02-16 ACR Electronics, Inc Safety battery pack and protective enclosure to reduce battery fire or explosion damage
CN107946681B (zh) * 2017-12-13 2019-11-29 深圳市海梁科技有限公司 一种电池调温装置及调温方法、调温电池
CN208208927U (zh) * 2018-05-05 2018-12-07 力神（青岛）新能源有限公司 一种基于半导体制冷片的锂电池温控装置
CN109088028A (zh) * 2018-06-26 2018-12-25 南通鼎鑫电池有限公司 一种防爆锂电池
CN111987265A (zh) * 2020-09-01 2020-11-24 杜群贵 一种动力锂离子电池安装支架
CN213150913U (zh) * 2020-10-22 2021-05-07 无锡锦坤新能源科技有限公司 一种锂电池防爆装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN114678645A (zh) 2022-06-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN105591050B (zh) 一种电池系统、具有该电池系统的电动汽车及储能系统
CN111129371A (zh) 一种电动汽车动力电池热失控的防护装置和方法
WO2015120742A1 (zh) 一种汽车电池的热管理与自动灭火系统
CN209804855U (zh) 一种动力电池
CN112054141A (zh) 一种用于锂离子电池的对向流液冷电池管理及灭火系统
CN218827611U (zh) 一种具备液冷功能抗泄压储能用电池包
CN109193053A (zh) 一种基于新型电池箱体的车用动力电池火情主动防护系统
CN114614161A (zh) 一种基于换热、消防及热安全一体的电池系统
CN114678645B (zh) 一种锂电池智能化热控制防爆安全保护装置
CN216908963U (zh) 一种汽车用动力电池的灭火系统
CN215195149U (zh) 动力电池模组的灭火设备
CN114053629A (zh) 动力电池安全基本器件电芯火阻器
CN216903113U (zh) 一种具备良好防爆功能的电池包
CN209200034U (zh) 电池包和车辆
CN110562073A (zh) 一种自灭火式电动自行车充电器与方法
CN210668483U (zh) 一种防止热失控蔓延的电池组
CN212182806U (zh) 一种低压开关柜
CN113904010A (zh) 锂离子电池燃烧识别系统及新能源汽车
CN219145044U (zh) 一种电池充电柜
CN208959187U (zh) 一种细水雾电池箱火灾防控装置
CN208835802U (zh) 一种锂电池充电温度保护装置
CN221126047U (zh) 一种电动车电池外壳
CN205488369U (zh) 一种安全汽车动力电源模组
CN111490202A (zh) 一种新能源车辆动力电池应急处理设备
CN212461880U (zh) 一种动力电池及电动汽车

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant